Jiangsu Ninghang Expressway Investigation Report

Jiangsu Ninghang Expressway Investigation Report


The first part of the comprehensive investigation of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

“The construction of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway represents the development direction of China's highway construction in the 21st century” Minister Zhang Chunxian of the Ministry of Communications has made a high evaluation of the construction of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway. The Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway has many innovative aspects in the construction and operation of the expressway. The concept, and the successful implementation, provided valuable experience for the practitioners of highway construction and operation, and also forced us to think about and explore many relocation problems of expressways. While examining the weight-based charges, the inspection team also conducted an inspection of other outstanding aspects of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway.

I. Introduction of Nanjing-Hangzhou Company and Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

“Jiangsu Ninghang Expressway Co., Ltd.” was established on January 22, 2002. It is funded by Jiangsu Communications Holdings Co., Ltd., Nanjing Highway Development Co., Ltd., Changzhou Expressway Investment Development Co., Ltd. and Wuxi Expressway Investment Co., Ltd. Jointly established expressway management enterprise. Jiangsu Ninghang Expressway Co., Ltd. is responsible for the fund raising and investment of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway construction fund, and the operation management after the opening, and is also responsible for the asset management and road maintenance of Ninggao Expressway. At present, the company's total assets are more than 5 billion yuan.

The Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway is an important traffic trunk line of the Shanghai-Suzhou-Zhejiang Yangtze River Delta. It is a fast-track connecting Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. It is also the golden link between the two provincial capital cities of Nanjing and Hangzhou. It is an important part of the main trunk line of Shanghai-Yunnan Ruili National Highway and the main skeleton of the “four vertical, four horizontal and four-way” expressway in Jiangsu Province. The total length of the road is 147.9 kilometers. The first phase starts from Luojiabian in Lishui County, Nanjing, ending in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. The father and son of the provincial border is 114.4 kilometers long. The design speed is 120 km/h, including 47.9 km from Lishui to Xiangyang Xinchang section, which is a four-lane standard high-speed; 66.5 km from Fuyang Xinchang to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, which is a six-lane standard expressway. The second phase of the project will be 38.1 km from Nanjing to Lishui Guizhuang. Construction will start in 2005 and it is expected to open to traffic in 2007. The Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway is the first “ecological, environmental protection, tourism and landscape” expressway that represents the construction level of the 21st century expressway in Jiangsu Province. The landscape of the pastoral landscape is pleasant, providing safe, comfortable, smooth and convenient for the majority of road users. Driving environment.

Second, the results of the study and recognition

1) Ecological highway concept

The Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway first proposed the concept of “eco-highway” in China. Ninghang is the first expressway built in China based on the concept of sustainable development. It introduced the design concept of “Bead Chain” of British Scott Wilson, and adopted a series of means such as “borrowing, framing, landscaping and framing” to make the expressway The organic combination of the surrounding environment provides a safe, comfortable, smooth and pleasing driving environment for the majority of users.

Driving on the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway, the view is unobstructed along the way, the natural scenery of the humanities is unobstructed, the roads are created by the local people, the roads are covered with scenery, the scenery is made by roads, many safety road sections have disappeared from the collision barriers, and the shadows are embedded in the woodland. In the landscape of grassland and wetland, it shows the characteristics of the times and humanities in the beautiful harmony. On the basis of not changing the original vegetation structure and characteristics along the road, nearly 100 kinds of local endemic plants were selected to carry out greening projects along the way. At the same time that “there is no loess, no bare rock”, the greening and the surrounding original vegetation have been harmonious, and the traces of artificial carving are rarely seen.

The green belt in the middle of the road is changed to the 蜀桧 variety of Changqing, but the main tree species are Lagerstroemia, Palm, Cypress, and Four Seasons Osmanthus, supplemented by white clover, golden leaf virgin, yucca, magnolia, A variety of landscape plants such as scallions and canna. On the Tongtu Avenue, seven forest belts, mainly Du Yinglin, Xianglin forest, bamboo forest, tea forest and cedar forest, were planted along the line. The service area is full of classical style. Between the service area and the road, extra large ginkgo, phoenix, crape myrtle, camphor and other trees of different ages and heights are planted. The buildings in the service area are hidden. The scenery is very pleasant. .

In the excavation of the earthwork section, the builders consider the filling of the embankment as slow as possible, and make the sides of the avenue closer to the natural ecological environment through greening and beautification, so that the vegetation coverage of the exposed areas along the line is covered. The rate reached 96.1%.

It is understood that the environmental landscape design for highway construction projects, the investment in green landscape design generally does not exceed 200,000 yuan, and this time to carefully create the ecological avenue, its design investment suddenly increased to more than 1 million yuan.

The concept of “eco-highway” proposed by Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway can be understood as: a highway designed with the principle of respecting ecology and using ecological methods. The main feature is that it does not destroy the continuity of natural ecosystems and the biodiversity of the surrounding environment. The highway is integrated into the benign natural ecological environment system, with the characteristic ecological environment as the main landscape of the expressway, and the highway becomes a landscape in the natural environment.

The concept of eco-highway has broken through the inherent design concept of expressway, conforms to the principle of “building a harmonious society” and environmental protection, and extends the connotation of expressway, which is worthy of promotion and implementation.

2) People-oriented concept

The Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway fully reflects the people-oriented thinking in design, charging, and service.

a) People-oriented design

i. People-oriented design of toll stations, service areas and overpasses

There are 10 toll stations and 3 service areas in Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway, with a total mileage of 114.4 kilometers. Each toll station and service area have carried out special landscape design to make it harmonious with nature, meet the potential aesthetic needs of the public, and have certain symbolic significance. For example, the overall shape of the toll station near the airport is designed as the wing of the aircraft. The driver can think of approaching the airport when he drives to the toll booth. For example, if the overall shape of the Taihu service area is like a shell, the driver can think of the service area. Arrive at the shore of Taihu Lake.

Each of the overpass bridges on the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway is completely different in appearance, novel and unique, and integrated with the surrounding landscape and architecture. Each of the overpasses has become a beautiful landscape.

b) People-oriented on fees

The unified system of the toll stations of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway, unified dressing, unified identification, and unified items. The traditional green road toll uniform was abandoned in the dressing of the toll collectors. The light blue uniform designed by oneself, with less solemnity and sense of distance, added a sense of intimacy and showed the meaning of service, reflecting the driving People-oriented philosophy.

During the inspection, we also noticed a detail. The toll collectors of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway always maintained a standing position during the process of collecting tolls. According to the management of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway, this is the regulation of their company. This regulation reflects a service meaning, and the toll collector is serving the driver.

Before the implementation of the truck weighting, the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway, with the strong support of the provincial government and the provincial transportation department, made a lot of publicity work to the society. In the implementation process, they always focus on customer satisfaction. When special circumstances occur, they can take advantage of the customer if they are unable to determine the responsible party. At the same time, contact the equipment manufacturer to perform a proofreading and commissioning of the weighing equipment every six months.

c) People-oriented service

In order to facilitate the customer and scientific management, an “unmanned identification station” has been set up in each service area. After the customer swipes the card, they can smoothly arrive at the opposite service area for leisure and dining. After the leisure and dining, they will swipe again through the “unmanned identification station” and enter the high-speed. The road continues to exercise.

In addition to the directions, the signs in the management center, service area and toll booth also refer to the "part-time" tour guide, recommending the nearest attractions and routes from the listing. In addition, the investigation team found a perfect children's play facilities in the Dongpu Mountain service area, and saw a child playing happily under the care of the parents. We could not help but think of the scenes in the famous McDonald's store in the United States. "People-oriented" service.

The service area offers dining, leisure, viewing, shopping, entertainment, fueling and accommodation. There are a variety of options for dining, ranging from a $15 snack to a variety of green dishes and premium foods with local specialties. At noon, the dining staff was full of calm, calm expressions, and foreigners enjoyed the beautiful scenery of Taihu while drinking beer. The commodity prices of supermarkets are basically the same as the local price levels. The service area as a whole is in sharp contrast to the concept of traditional service areas.

3) Successful application of high technology

In the process of construction and operation, Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway has adopted a large number of new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials at home and abroad, and achieved successful results.

In order to reduce the damage to the topography and vegetation of the project, the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway has adopted a variety of technical techniques such as guest soil spray, tire solid soil, and grass seed bag to get a good application in vegetation restoration. “Guest Spraying” is a new technology imported from abroad suitable for vegetation planting on barren soil and rocky slopes. It mixes seeds, guest soil, water-retaining materials, stabilizers, etc. in a certain proportion through specific equipment, and then sprays them onto the surface of the reinforced slope by high-pressure equipment. The green grass and shrubs that grow can be on the rock slope. It is difficult to achieve rapid greening in green areas.

The single-armed single-tower cable-stayed bridge and the artificial island service area have been successfully implemented through scientific and technological means, and have responded to the surrounding terrain and architecture.

The large-area marking line adopts the oscillating marking line. This type of marking line not only improves the visibility of the marking line at night and rainy days, but also reminds the driver to pay attention to safety, prevent cross-line, improve the safety of the exercise, and protect the fence in anti-corrosion treatment. A new type of nano-corrosion resistant material was adopted. Anti-glare roads use environmentally friendly spherical optical spikes.

Ninghang Expressway is equipped with advanced monitoring, charging and communication systems, and set up a monitoring and command center. The center is the hub of the three major systems and is the dispatching center for the company's system management. In Jiangsu Province, the first charge and charge were opened and implemented, and the internal office automation office network was established by using system resources. Wireless trunking communication network, video teleconferencing system.

4) New positioning of the service area

The Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway has greatly improved the construction standards of the service area. It is reported that the hardware and software levels of the three service areas of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway have reached the standards of four-star hotels. It is designed to be a landscape that is in harmony with nature. It provides services such as dining, leisure, viewing, shopping, entertainment, fueling and accommodation. It also reflects “ecology, environmental protection, tourism and landscape” in many details. "thought of.

The Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway has broken through the design concept of the service area as a traditional auxiliary facility of the expressway. It is considered to be a facility that provides value-added services for expressways and enhances the window of the expressway brand. In the management, the service area does not take profit as the starting point, and the service provided by the service area is considered to be included in the toll.

5) The public security, road administration, maintenance, charging, and monitoring centers have established a linkage mechanism.

In order to ensure the excellent quality of the road, to ensure the safe and smooth road, and to provide good travel services for the drivers, the public security, road administration and the maintenance, troubleshooting, charging, monitoring center and other units affiliated to the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway have established a linkage mechanism. Regular joint technical training and practical drills. Each toll station has public security and road officials on-site duty, which can be resolved at the fastest speed after an abnormal situation.

In particular, the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway has close ties with the road administration units. The road administration units have enforcement points at each toll station and are equipped with a prescribed number of road enforcement officers. Ninghang Company provides office and accommodation conditions for road officials, and bears all the expenses of road administration personnel, so that the road law enforcement personnel and Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway maintain a high degree of coordination and work facilitation. The road officials have an independent management system, and the management of the Department of Transportation is responsible for the government's law enforcement, thus ensuring the legitimacy and necessary independence of the law enforcement of the road administration units.

The linkage mechanism of public security, road administration, maintenance, toll collection and monitoring center is in good operation, and it can efficiently and legally solve joint emergency and sudden accidents of expressways, thus ensuring the safe and smooth highway.

6) Accurate positioning of expressways as quasi-public facilities

The expressway is a quasi-public facility, which is between the commodity and the public facility. It has the property of the commodity, so it is necessary to collect the toll fee to repay the construction fund and pay the operation and maintenance cost. The property of the utility is also the strategic of the country. Infrastructure countries must impose necessary restrictions on their ownership and use rights, and must take into account the interests of the public in the process of construction, maintenance and management.

Ninghang Expressway has accurately positioned Ninghang Expressway as a quasi-public facility to provide comfortable, fast, safe and smooth highway services as the focus of work, to promote local economic development, not to target profit, but to ensure state-owned The preservation and appreciation of assets.

As a quasi-public facility, Ninghang Expressway is specifically reflected in the implementation of the toll collection fee. Due to the increase in traffic volume, the toll standard has been lowered according to government requirements and is lowered once a year. By lowering the implementation of tolls, it has strengthened its position as a quasi-public facility, won the understanding and support of the general public, facilitated its communication with the government, and received the support of the government, making it possible to obtain favorable government policies.

7) The capital structure is more reasonable

Jiangsu Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway Co., Ltd. is a highway management enterprise jointly invested by Jiangsu Communications Holdings Co., Ltd., Nanjing Highway Development Co., Ltd., Changzhou Expressway Investment and Development Co., Ltd. and Wuxi Expressway Investment Co., Ltd.

The capital structure of Jiangsu Ninghang Expressway Co., Ltd. can be understood as: Jiangsu Communications Holdings Co., Ltd. represents Jiangsu Province's capital holding, Nanjing Highway Development Co., Ltd. represents Nanjing, Changzhou Expressway Investment and Development Co., Ltd. represents Changzhou, Wuxi Expressway Investment Limited The company represented Wuxi City to participate in equity participation. The local cities along the route of Jiangsu Province and Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway have all contributed capital, and the provincial capital has a small head, which not only solves the source of funds, but also ensures that all parties can benefit. This solves the dynamic problems of all parties. Since all parties are linked through economic interests, all parties in nature will contribute. For example, in the problems of local coordination, land acquisition and demolition, which are plagued by engineering construction, it can be solved more conveniently and ultimately guaranteed. The construction site was successfully completed. It is easy to get support from the local government in terms of water and electricity access, recruitment of recruiters, introduction of landscapes, and handling of emergencies, with a multiplier effect.

III. Conclusions and recommendations

The “Eco-High Speed” concept of Ninghang Expressway has a unique innovative spirit in China, and has made many pioneering contributions in the implementation of the “people-oriented” concept. It has many successful experiences in the application of technology, service area positioning and linkage mechanism. The positioning of the quasi-public facilities of the expressway and the rational operation of the capital structure have won strong support from the government. There are many places in these areas that we should learn from and learn from.

At the same time, we should also see that Beijing has many differences with other places. The characteristics of the Beijing Expressway are quite different from those of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway. The management model and capital structure of the starting company are also different, especially Different humanities environment and policy environment, so we must also adapt to the time and place, and combine the advanced concepts and successful experiences of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway with the actuality of the starting company, and sublimate into a certain working theory to guide us. Work, and then modify our work theory in the work practice, continue to be a virtuous circle, and finally form a working theory and practical experience with the characteristics of the first company, so that our work can be further upgraded.

The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be held soon. How to combine the concepts of “Humanistic Olympics, Science and Technology Olympics, and Green Olympics” with the construction, maintenance and management of expressways, and show the people of the world to the people of the world when the Olympic Games are held. A long-term issue facing all highway practitioners requires us to continuously learn, innovate, explore, research and practice, and deliver a satisfactory answer through productive work.

The second part of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

First, the purpose of the investigation

In 2004, the operation department of Beijing Capital Highway Development Co., Ltd. entrusted Beijing Aokerui Transportation Technology Development Co., Ltd. to carry out the research on the application of “overweight vehicle weight recognition system on the first expressway”. In 2004, the R&D, installation, commissioning and commissioning of the weight identification system have been completed. However, in the process of compiling the “Beijing First Development Company’s Feasibility Analysis Report”, other high-speed systems that have successfully implemented the toll collection system are required. The highway company conducted an investigation, from the aspects of technology, economy, policy, implementation experience and lessons learned, and fully grasped the first-hand real data, so as to scientifically analyze the feasibility of Beijing’s first highway toll collection and charging. the study.

Second, the concept of the toll collection system

The implementation of the toll collection of highway tolls is a new way of charging. The so-called weighting charge is a way of collecting highway tolls based on the dynamic weighing system and determining the charging standards and total fees according to the billing quality. It is generally divided into two modes: weighting the total weight of the vehicle and weighting the total weight of the actual cargo. This charging mode will ensure that the tolls for unoverloaded vehicles are basically the same as the existing toll models, and additional charges will be imposed for the over-limit vehicles in addition to the basic tolls.

When it comes to weighting, it is necessary to make clear the meaning of overrun and overload.

The meaning of over-limit: Over-limit refers to the axle load quality of the vehicle, the total mass of the cargo or the total size of the load exceeds the limits of the relevant state departments. This limitation is not only based on the consideration of the performance of the vehicle itself, but also from the use and destruction of the road. At present, the limits used in China are based on the “Regulations for the Management of Overrun Transportation Vehicles”. It specifies both quality limits and vehicle size limits. Vehicle over-limit transportation will have an impact on road performance. Therefore, the national highway administrative department has given the road maintenance and operation management department some rights and obligations to impose penalties and restrictions on over-limit transportation.

The meaning of overload: the so-called overload is the limit of the vehicle load exceeds the load of the vehicle. The load of the vehicle is a one-time calibrated load indicator when the vehicle manufacturer leaves the factory. Loading more than this indicator will have an impact on vehicle performance. It is illegal for vehicles to be overloaded, and the public security department has the obligation and responsibility to regulate it.

Third, the implementation status of domestic weighted charges

At present, Jiangsu, Henan, and Sichuan have implemented weight-to-weight charges, and Shandong Province has implemented over-limit transportation and tolls.

On December 2, 2003, the Jiangsu Provincial Price Bureau, the Department of Finance and the Department of Communications issued the “Notice on the Implementation of the Toll Collection of Road Cars”, requiring that the province’s road and bridge toll stations be batched on December 9, 2003. The implementation of the weighting fee has been fully implemented.

Since July 1, 2003 in Henan Province, according to the unified deployment of the country, Henan Province has begun to implement the policy of over-limit transportation of roads. On October 10, 2003, all road toll stations in the province resumed the implementation of the toll collection.

On November 6, 2004, Sichuan Provincial Communications Department, Provincial Public Security Department, Provincial Department of Finance, and Provincial Price Bureau jointly announced the full implementation of weight-to-weight charges during the year.

On September 25, 2004, Shandong Province, the Provincial Department of Finance, and the Provincial Department of Communications issued a notice on the implementation of the toll collection of over-consumption of cargo vehicles, and stipulated that the implementation of the notice shall be implemented on October 10, 2004.

Fourth, the implementation of the weighting charges of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

The first phase of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway officially implemented the toll collection on December 9, 2003. The weight-based charging system has been in operation for one and a half years. The inspection team conducted a site visit to the weight-based charging system and held discussions with the managers and technicians of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway Company.

1) Capital investment of the weighting and charging system of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

The Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway currently has 10 toll stations in 3 service areas under its jurisdiction. The total weight of the tolls is more than 1 million yuan, which is equivalent to the one-day toll income of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway. Therefore, the analysis of the capital investment of the toll collection system is a small proportion of the toll income.

2) Status of field equipment of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway toll collection system

3) Main technical parameters of the weighing system of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

examination range

Rated axle load: 30t

Overload capability: 150%

The maximum passing speed of the tested vehicle: 30km/h, allowing the axle to stop on the weighing platform

Weighing accuracy

Static accuracy: OIMLIII

Display division value: 20 kg

Dynamic accuracy:

0～5km/h uniform speed 5～20km/h uniform speed 20～30km/h uniform speed

<±2% <±3% <±5% <±8%

Output detection information: axle weight, axle group weight, vehicle weight, axle number, axle type, vehicle type, wheelbase, speed, date and time, data record serial number, vehicle acceleration, overrun identification.

Minimum distance between two cars: 200mm

working environment:

a) Temperature: -45 ° C ~ +80 ° C

b) Relative humidity: 95% RH

Protection level:

a) Control equipment: IP65

b) Weighing sensor: IP67

4) Block diagram of the weighing system of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

5) Schematic diagram of the weighting and charging work flow of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

6) Floor plan of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

V. Results of the implementation of the weighting and charging of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway

Through the on-site investigation of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway by the inspection team and the investigation of the management technicians of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway Company and the relevant materials that we have consulted before and after the inspection, we learned that the implementation of the weight-based toll collection system of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway has achieved the following results. :

1) Greatly reduced safety accidents

After the implementation of the weight-based charging, the situation of low-speed vehicles and chaotic lanes of over-limit vehicles was alleviated, the hidden dangers of major accidents were eliminated, and the excellent environment for highway traffic was provided. Since the opening of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway, the total number of deaths caused by traffic accidents has reached 7 in the whole line.

2) Increased highway toll revenue

At the beginning of the implementation of the weighting and charging of Nanjing-Hangzhou, the toll revenue of expressway has increased significantly, and the growth rate has reached about 15%. It has gradually declined after one year, but the toll income is still more than the increase before the implementation of the toll collection due to the increase in traffic efficiency. .

3) greatly reducing the damage to the road caused by over-limit vehicles

After the implementation of the toll collection, the road users are forced to reduce the loading quality, avoiding the road surface being crushed by the heavily over-contained transportation vehicles. The proportion of overloaded trucks is greatly reduced compared with the previous ones, which greatly reduces the over-limit vehicles to the road pavements and bridges. damage.

4) Reduced maintenance costs

After the implementation of the weighting fee, the daily maintenance expenditure is reduced, and the overhaul period is extended, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the highway.

5) Reduce road damage

After the implementation of the weighting and charging, the damage to the road production was reduced due to the reduction of safety accidents.

Six, suggestions

Through the inspection of the weight-based charging system of the Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway, we learned that the implementation of the toll collection system can be said to be a small investment, quick results, and a double harvest of economic and social benefits. It is quite successful and has a lot of experience to learn from. However, as a start-up company, it is impossible to copy the experience of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway. Because Beijing's expressway has many different characteristics, especially with different policy environments, we suggest that the start-up company increase investment and continue to carry out research on weight-based charging. Work to arrive at a scientific decision to adapt to the current situation and development trends of Beijing and the start-up company, and strengthen communication and cooperation with the government authorities in Beijing to seek a policy environment conducive to the development of the initial company.