College student internship summary

Establishment of green belt

In order to build a green ecological framework in the capital region, Beijing has made the decision to build three green barriers, namely the first green barrier based on the Yanshan and Taihangshan greening projects, focusing on the 5 river 10 road greening and farmland forest network. The second barrier is to form a third green barrier in the green area.
The greening and isolation area is the nearest green barrier in Beijing's urban area. According to the “Beijing Urban Master Plan”, an urban forest with a green area of ​​125 square kilometers is constructed between the urban central area and the 10 marginal groups and between the various marginal groups. The project has been implemented since 1986. This year, the construction of the isolation belt has completed a green area of ​​35,000 mu, which is the sum of the green areas in the past six years, and formed 10 green plates with an area of ​​about 5,000 mu. After the 10 green plates are connected to each other, they will form an ecological barrier around Beijing, which will play an important role in improving the ecological environment of the capital.

It is true that the construction of green belts is a major measure of Beijing's ecological environment construction, and it is a good thing for the benefit of the country and the people. However, Beijing West Rice represents a culture, a resource and a tradition in Beijing. Jingxi Rice has gradually disappeared with the construction of Beijing. Now its homeland will cease to exist. When it completely disappears from our vision, what are we lost?

Why can't there be a solution to find the best entry point for ecology while examining and carefully treating cultural resources and traditions? Perhaps, Beijing West Rice, should not have disappeared from Beijing; perhaps, Liu Langzhuang, should not have disappeared from the map.

10. Jingmi diversion canal and Beijing water treatment

About Beijing Water Environment Governance

The governance of the Beijing water environment is a major project and a project that has been ongoing in history. The center of Beijing used to be a lake group in ancient times. From Kunming Lake, it can be navigable to the Forbidden City. There is also a river of rivers and a moat surrounding the Imperial City and the capital. The lakes and waters are connected, making the historical name of Beijing all outside the majestic atmosphere. It is beautiful and elegant. However, since the end of the Qing Dynasty, due to the neglect of the Beijing water system, the river has accumulated pollution and the shipping has been abolished. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Beijing has carried out three major remediations of the urban water system. Two reservoirs, Guanting and Miyun, were built. The Yongding River diversion canal and the Jingmi diversion canal were excavated, and the water from the two reservoirs was introduced into Beijing, increasing Beijing's The amount of water used in the environment and the water environment have been greatly improved. However, after all, the water system has not been completely cured for more than 40 years. After the 1980s, the economy developed rapidly, the number of migrants increased sharply, rivers and lakes were polluted, and some rivers became stinking ditch. The lake has deep mud, and according to the monitoring of the Beijing Municipal Water Resources Department, the accumulated sludge has reached 2.3 million cubic meters.

The deterioration of the water environment in Beijing has aroused widespread concern from the central and municipal governments and citizens. At the Beijing Municipal People's Congress in early 1998, 225 representatives of the Municipal People's Congress jointly proposed a proposal to govern the pollution of urban rivers and lakes. On September 26, 1998, urban water system management began with the six pearls that governed the heart of Beijing, the “Six Seas”. The goal of Beijing's water system governance is “water clearing, shore green, smooth, and navigable.” This water system governance is the first time in Beijing's history. There is no precedent for large scale and high investment.

Jingmi diversion canal--A further scenic river channel after Kunyu River

The Jingmi Water Diversion Technical Reconstruction Project is a basic construction project to solve the urban water supply in Beijing. It has a total length of 112.7 kilometers and has become the most important “large artery” in Beijing's water supply.

According to official reports, in 1989, the Jingmi diversion canal began to deliver water in the winter. From then on, the water transfer task of the diversion canal was changed from seasonal water supply to perennial uninterrupted water delivery. However, after more than 30 years of overload operation, the Jingmi diversion canal has been aging for a long time, and most of the earth excavation is severely eroded, and the soil is heavily deposited, which affects the water delivery capacity. Channel damage causes great waste of water. According to the statistical analysis from 1990 to 1999, the leakage and evaporation loss rate of the Jingmi diversion canal was 23% on average, and the highest in 1999 reached 32.7%. It is very urgent to carry out technical transformation. After the completion of the technical upgrading project, the channel's water delivery capacity will be enhanced, which will enable the valuable surface water resources to be fully utilized and saved, saving 100 million cubic meters per year. This spring, the greening of the two sides of the Jingmi diversion canal was started. The design scheme is that the grass and trees are clearly layered. The Jingmi diversion canal has become another landscape river after the Kunyu River and the South Moat River.

However, as far as we know, the Jingmi diversion channel was basically naturalized before 1998 and is now fully artificial. In the past, there were tall, shady trees beside the canal, and today there are only neatly sized trees just planted next to the straight river bank. The Jingmi diversion canal has now become a landscape river, and you can see the cruise ships above the river. Visitors who come here often have regrets about the disappearance of natural rivers, but also understand the remediation of the environment. It is said that there was no one in the past, it was very chaotic, and now it is much better.

11. Summer Palace

The Summer Palace is the best garden in the Beijing-Tianjin region. I think that the last stop of this internship is here to explore the beauty of ecological construction and to find deficiencies in the United States.

Perhaps for the Summer Palace, there should be a lot of things to say, but I don’t know where to start. Because it is too big and too spectacular, and it contains too much beauty, too rich thoughts and culture. Everyone has too many comments and praises, and I seem to seem redundant. Then talk about some things on the back!

On the west bank of the Summer Palace, a middle-aged couple talked about their views on greening. They believe that the greening of Beijing, including the Summer Palace, should have its own characteristics. It should create new ideas while pursuing nature, and the current greening is very deliberate and uniform.

On the west bank of Kunming Lake, we saw another shocking shot that everyone would not want to see: a long pipe that drained black sewage into the lake... At that moment, we were silent It is. In this similar scene, I used to see it on the beaches of Qingdao. However, as a lake, the self-purification ability is far from the sea. I don't know, under the opportunity of the Olympic Games, vigorously promote the key moments of the ecological construction and environmental protection of the Summer Palace. What does that tube mean? Quick success, after all, is not the way to solve the problem.

Third, thematic analysis and thinking

1. About greening

Peking University campus greening

In the "Analysis and Suggestions on Greening of Campus Functional Areas", there are some ideas about the greening of Peking University campus.

According to the principle of campus greening, the dormitory area should be fresh air, beautiful and comfortable environment, rich in flowers and trees, suitable for tree-shaped evergreen trees and flowering shrubs, so that the dormitory area has four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter.

The teaching area should adopt a neat gardening technique. The trees should be planted, planted or planted with hedges on both sides of the building, and large lawns should be laid in front of the buildings, with beautiful flowering shrubs or planted ground cover plants. Avoid planting flying trees and plants that are susceptible to allergic reactions. There are some problems with plant greening in the teaching area. For example, Sanjiao is adjacent to the Wusi Stadium. There are only small shrubs such as cypresses and small trees such as pebbles in the middle. The lack of noise is prohibited, which makes the normal learning in the teaching building greatly affected. The eucalyptus planted on both sides of the main road around the cultivating school is prone to pests and affects the appearance. In addition, there is a lack of trees around the science building group, which is slightly monotonous.
The administrative district serves as a window for the school to communicate with each other, and the layout of the garden is better. There are many kinds of trees, such as cedar, ginkgo, white pine and other tree-shaped trees. They stand on the bluegrass lawn in the form of isolated trees. They are quiet, solemn and solemn, and meet the requirements of the administrative area. The fly in the ointment is that the flower bed in front of the office building has passed, has withered and turned yellow, no one cares, and is extremely inconsistent with the surrounding landscape, it is unsightly, it is recommended to update in time to ensure that the colors are always fresh.
The recreation area mainly refers to the garden area around the unnamed lake. There are many kinds of plants in this area, which tend to be natural habitats. The trees, shrubs and herbs are naturally layered, and the trees are highly closed. It is a good place for leisure, entertainment and learning.

In short, when we carry out new greening construction, we must pay attention to the comprehensive consideration of the characteristics of the plant itself, the spiritual connotation of the plant and the attraction of the attraction, the construction, the feasibility of implementation, and the cost saving.

Artificial nature and complete natural debate

Someone once sent such feelings on the Internet: "In recent years, Beijing has done a lot of work in greening, but it feels too much lawn, too few trees. And with the continuous construction and widening of the road, the former tall street trees Many of them have been cut down. In summer, many streets in Beijing are unobstructed. For a city, the lawn is just a moment of beauty, just like the foundation of a woman's foundation, only temporary The brilliance. The green trees can make a city moist and beautiful from the inside out. So, come to the lawn square and come to the forest park even if it is a small forest park."

The artificial nature and the complete nature can be said to be a problem that has been discussed for a long time, but the conclusion is so difficult.

It’s like a well-formed lawn on the campus, and the weeds that cling to the clumps; just like the stalk of the plantain in Yannan Garden, it’s still strong when it’s stepping on it; just like the February blue, dandelion, no It needs to be watered and flourished; it is like the trampled grass in the quiet garden lawn; just like the bluegrass that just sprouted in the spring; just like the reeds in the unnamed lake island...

What is the function of the lawn? Is it watching? Is it beautiful? Or is it close enough to nature? The artificially maintained lawn always shows a bit of separation and self-extraction away from the dust. The rotating sprinklers make people doubt the power of nature. An automated lawn mower makes people's power almost close. Weird worship. I have been accustomed to the signboard of "the lawn is forbidden" since I was a child, always aligning the entire lawn. Suddenly I remembered the strange look of passers-by when I was having lunch on the lawn on the south bank of Kunming Lake. Vaguely heard the voice of contempt: eating on the lawn, isn't the lawn more dirty? So I thought of myself in the past, seeing others picnic on the lawn, always filled with indignation... However, the current thinking has changed a lot, although there is always some hesitation and anxiety when stepping into the lawn. Yes, if people are always isolated from nature, how can the natural beauty be experienced? Get close to nature while protecting nature...

I saw many examples of this along the way. And sometimes the power of nature and its sophistication are really impressive. On the lawn of Yannan Park, more than a dozen plants coexist in harmony, and the presence of earthworms creates an extremely good growth environment. Where weeds and artificial grasses coexist, weeds always precede grass and green. Natural objects that are separated from life processes in nature are always extremely fragile. In the wilderness of Liulangzhuang, the pioneer plant ash is grown. As an annual plant, it can grow very high in a year and has a great improvement effect on the soil. After 3-6 years, the ash is replaced by other plants, and the two-year-old herbaceous plants, perennial shrubs, and trees are gradually growing. On the Wanshou Mountain in the Summer Palace, there is an ancient soil and water conservation project. The shingles are built on the mountain to strengthen the infiltration of rainwater and slow down the downstream flow of rainwater, so that it can play the role of water retention and soil conservation. Make full use of the natural characteristics to serve the nature. On the Longevity Hill, arborvitae under natural conditions and other plants that grow well under natural conditions are grown, while the gardeners want to clean them all up and have a variety of grasses on the mountain. However, the artificial grass that is not drought-tolerant requires more artificial watering, which provides an unfavorable growth environment for the arborvitae, and ultimately leads to unfavorable ecological results. Trying to artificially change the choice of nature will surely give you a choice against the nature.

2. Remediation of the urban environment

We have a responsibility to not only carefully consider the meaning of beauty, but also to open ourselves to experience beauty and follow the guidance of beauty. This unique adaptation of humanity can help us develop an ethical relationship with nature.

——LK Austin

In many urban communities and urban-rural areas of China, due to the land use pattern and the increasing pressure of the population, large areas of exposed land have been subjected to long-term erosion and desertification. The original forest vegetation has been easily discarded; water shortage, garbage and wastewater Inadequate processing systems and increased environmental pollution have brought long-term and potential crises to the healthy survival and development of ecological communities. On the other hand, historical and cultural landscapes such as old architectural streets, streams and cultural attractions in the community are easily dismantled, disintegrated or destroyed in the reconstruction and construction of the community. This obviously does not match the concept of “sustainable development”. In Beijing, this situation also exists. During our internship in the western suburbs of Beijing, we saw a lot of such situations.

"In the modernization of the capital city, we must correctly handle the relationship between economic society and the population, resources and environment in accordance with the requirements of people-oriented and sustainable development, improve the level of urban planning, construction and management, and promote the coordination and harmony between people and cities, people and nature. Create a road to urban civilization development with economic prosperity, rich life and beautiful environment..." The report of the Ninth Congress of the Communist Party of China has drawn a beautiful blueprint for the next five years: the per capita green area will be more, the air will More fresh, the people's housing will be more spacious, the roads will become wider and wider, and traffic jams will become less and less... The quality of Beijing's human settlements will become higher and higher.

The municipal government has established an investment of tens of billions of yuan to create the beauty of “Bishui around the capital”. At present, many of the old stink rivers have become a good place for citizens to relax and entertain. Beijing will invest another 5.45 billion yuan to rectify large-scale urban rivers. In 2006, there will be no more stinking rivers in the city. The change of Wanquan River should be just around the corner.

The Beijing Municipal Government has also identified 138 key urban environmental remediation tasks, namely, the plan to relocate the Yuanmingyuan Relics Park, the rectification plan around the Central Television Tower, the environmental remediation plan for the surrounding areas of Tsinghua University and Peking University, and the environmental remediation plan for the surrounding area of ​​the Summer Palace. Planning and design of environmental construction projects in key areas such as the construction of urban wall ruins and parks. However, this kind of rectification has not been so smooth.

"Beijing Morning Post" reported on December 01, 2002, "Between the south wall of Weixiu Garden outside the West Gate of Peking University and the north wall of Changchun Garden, there is a small alley of three or four meters wide. This is the area of ​​the Douqiao Bridge. The private bungalow is full of private buildings, and the environment is so dirty. At present, it has become a demolition site. After half a year, a wide and clean garden-like new road will be built. The Qidouqiao area and the Xiyuan in the south. On the playground road, the two small roads are only two or three hundred meters long, but there are dozens of small shops, six or seven hair salons, as well as restaurants and bars. The environment is messy and extremely incongruous with the cultural atmosphere of Peking University. To this end, Beijing The two levels of government and Haidian District jointly worked with the Ministry of Education and Peking University to raise 130 million yuan for rectification and demolition. The area of ​​the Koudouqiao area will be moved to Changchun Park in the south, Weixiu Garden in the north, Qiheyuan Road in the east, and Qidou Bridge in the west. It involves 84 households, 7190.06 square meters of demolition area and 227 demolished population. At present, most people have moved away, and the noisy small street has now become a demolition site. Soon, a 10 meter wide street will be built here. With green beauty The area of ​​the Douqiao Bridge will become the Garden of the Bridge."

It has been more than a year since the reporting period. However, during the internship , the Qidouqiao area seems to be describing the situation. The “wide and clean garden-like new road” seems to be still in the cradle. It cannot be said that it is a deficiency and loophole in the urban environmental remediation work. Only planning to do nothing, the remediation process is very resistant, even in the capital Beijing, it is really a bit chilling.

3. Reflections on urban environmental art

From Wanquan Cultural Park, I thought of urban environmental art.

Humans walked out of the caves and nests, built earth and trees, and created a place for their own survival. The industrialization and technological revolution have created a lot of wealth for mankind, and they have paid a painful price for it. A series of problems such as population, resources and environment have become more and more serious. In the face of noisy, crowded and polluted cities, people are eager to return to the embrace of nature, to breathe the fresh air of nature, to enjoy the bathing of the sun, and to create a new living environment that integrates with nature.

Breaking into the high-rise buildings of Yuntian, the cobweb-like highways, the endless stream of vehicles, the splendid city night scenes and the grotesque window of merchandise, have created a picture of modern life in the modern society. Today, instead of living in a natural environment, it is better to say that life is in an all-encompassing artificial world. This artificial world, while relying on the natural world as material support, has moved people away from the natural nature. It inspired people to ponder the question of whether, under the conditions of industrial society, whether a beautiful living environment can be built and the increasingly tense New problems such as land resources, increasingly crowded traffic, and a deteriorating urban environment. How to maintain the city's landscape is a new problem facing urban development. The environmental space of modern artificial cities can only create a better future for human beings if they are artificially designed to express the natural environment and natural in the environment. While creating the modern life of mankind, environmental art also designs the civilization of the future of mankind.

In the urban environment, there are many soft landscapes that are convenient for people to live, play, and traffic, as well as soft landscapes such as plant greening and various water bodies. As functional facilities and tools in urban society, they constitute the physical elements of urban environmental landscape. In addition, many natural landscape resources exist in many urban or suburban environments. If the setting of public art is coordinated with these artificial hard landscapes, soft landscapes and non-artificial natural landscapes, it will make the pure spirit public. The art works together with the surrounding environmental factors constitute a public art landscape with greater spatial extent and psychological effects, so that the overall structure of the urban architectural environment, public facilities environment and natural ecological environment can better serve its service functions. It reflects the aesthetic value and humanity principle of its art and culture.

In the survival and promotion of environmental art, it is inevitable to face the ecological balance and ecological maintenance needs of the human settlement environment and related areas. On June 5, 1972, at the "United Nations Conference on the Human Environment" in Stockholm, Sweden, a declaration aimed at inspiring and knowing the people of the world to maintain and improve the human environment, the Declaration on the Human Environment, was adopted. The declaration emphasizes that “...the settlement and urbanization of people must be planned to avoid adverse effects on the environment”. It reminds us from one side that we should do the following for the planning of the land environment and the promotion of larger public art:

1. Establish a sense of protection of the ecological environment in social culture and economic development activities.

2. Cherish and rational use of land and landscape resources.

3. Reflecting and avoiding the state of behavior in the art planning and creative activities that hinders the extreme social health, happiness and sustainable development of human beings.

4. Clarify the interaction between public culture and art and the ecological environment.

5. Establish principles for coordination and integration between public art promotion and urban environment and landscape planning.

Objectively, public art should play a part in its role in beautifying the environment, promoting popularity, promoting correct ecological concepts, and assisting the green revolution in the transformation and maintenance of the living environment and ecological environment of contemporary cities. In the process of urbanization and industrialization in China, the natural environment and green ecosystem have been destroyed and unbalanced as before. The forest, green space, wetland and surface water resources have disappeared a lot, which has become a threat to the living environment of the city and threaten the health and sustainable development of human society. Serious Problem. Therefore, no matter from the purpose of safeguarding the macroscopic ecological environment of human society, or from the aesthetic effect of public art and its landscape, we must emphasize the close relationship between public art and green ecological construction in urban environment, and promote public art in general. Balance and harmony between the hard landscape and the green ecological elements to achieve the effect of optimizing and “softening” the urban environment.

Urban environmental art, a kind of progress and comfort in the choice.

Fourth, summary

After a day of internship , I learned a lot. For the first time, I used a new look to see the grass and trees around me. Suddenly I found a lot of theoretical knowledge in practice, and I was so happy and even overwhelmed. Indeed, urban ecology is a discipline that requires a lot of nutrition from practice. Only by constantly practicing and constantly exploring and progressing from practice can we truly understand the true meaning of this discipline. And the scope it contains is so vast, and the impact it brings is so profound...

In the internship , I also found many things that I have neglected before, which are pleasant and not so pleasant. From the road from the east gate of the school to the Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace, there are too many memories and reflections. There is still too much waiting for improvement in the urban environment, and there is too much need for further planning and governance. Saving and remediation is another dilemma. How to maintain Beijing's style as a cultural ancient capital, while developing the economy and construction, while raising Beijing's ecological construction to a new height, it is necessary to cause a lot of thinking. What I can do now is to write them down, re-examine them, and make progress in the review. And if my review can lead to even a little progress, I am very satisfied.

Reference source:

1. Modern Environmental Art Qiu Changpei Southwest Normal University Press 2000

2. The concept and orientation of public art Weng Jianqing Peking University Press 2003