What are the measures for encountering an earthquake?

Shock self-help

It is a better way to take emergency protection when evacuating to a safe place after the earthquake. The so-called avoidance is to make different countermeasures according to different situations according to local conditions.

School staff shock absorbers

In school, what is most needed during an earthquake is the calmness and determination of school leaders and teachers. In areas with medium- and long-term earthquake predictions, it is necessary to combine teaching activities with students to tell earthquakes about earthquakes and prevention and suspension. Before the earthquake, students should be arranged to transfer and evacuate the route and venue; after the earthquake, the students were ordered to evacuate in an orderly manner. In a more sturdy and safe house, students who can avoid under the desk, next to the podium, and in the teaching building can go to the small, pipe-supported room, and never let the students run or jump.

Walking on the street during an earthquake

When the earthquake occurred, the glass fragments of high-rise buildings and concrete fragments on the outside of the building, as well as advertising signs, tinplates, neon lights, etc., may fall hurt, so when walking on the street, it is best to carry the bags around or The soft item is placed on the head. When there is no item, you can also use your hand to protect your head. If you are ready to be self-defense, you should calm down. You should quickly leave the pole and fence and run to a relatively open area to avoid.

Workshop worker shock absorber

Workers in the workshop can hide under the car, machine tools and higher equipment. They should not panic and run. Workers in special positions should first close the flammable, explosive and toxic gas valves, reduce the temperature and pressure of high temperature and high pressure pipes in time, and shut down the operation. device. Most of the personnel can be evacuated from the work site. Under the premise of safety protection, a small number of personnel will stay on the site to monitor the danger at any time, and deal with possible accidents in time to prevent secondary disasters.

Emergency shock absorbers for vehicles traveling during an earthquake

The driver should slow down as soon as possible and gradually brake the brakes;

The passenger cover firmly grasps the handle, pillar or seat, etc., and pays attention to prevent the baggage from falling off the frame. The person facing the driving direction should lean his arm against the seat cushion of the front seat to protect the face. The passage, the two hands to protect the head; the person facing the driving direction, to protect the back of the brain with both hands, and raise the knee to protect the abdomen, tighten the body, and make a defensive posture.

Emergency shock absorbers during earthquakes in buildings

Once an earthquake occurs, we must first keep a clear, calm mind, and determine the vibration situation in time. It is extremely important not to jump off the building in a panic. Secondly, you can avoid under the solid furniture, or at the corner of the wall, or you can transfer to a kitchen with a large load-bearing wall and a small toilet to avoid a moment. Because these places have strong bonding strength, especially when the pipeline is treated, it has better supporting force and a larger seismic resistance coefficient. In short, according to the layout of the building and the indoor conditions, the earthquake can be used to find safe spaces and passages to avoid and reduce casualties.

Emergency shock absorbers in the store

When the department store encounters an earthquake, it must be calm. Due to staff panic, the fall of the goods may block the refuge channel. At this point, you should hide near the big pillars and big commodities, or avoid the passage without obstacles, then bend down and wait for the earthquake to calm down. In the upstairs position, in principle, it is better to transfer to the bottom. However, the stairs are often the weak part of the building's earthquake resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to look at the right time to escape. The waiter had to organize the people to evade and evacuate safely after the earthquake.

Self-rescue after the earthquake

If the earthquake is buried under the rubble, the surrounding area is dark and there is only a small space. You must not panic, be calm, and establish the confidence of survival. I believe that someone will save you and try to protect yourself.

After the earthquake, there are often many aftershocks, and the situation may continue to deteriorate. In order to avoid new injuries, we must try to improve our environment. At this point, if the emergency kit is around, it will make a big difference for you.

In this extremely unfavorable environment, first of all, to protect the breathing, the debris at the beginning and chest, and when smelling gas or poisonous gas, cover the mouth and nose with wet clothes, etc.; avoid the unsettled collapse above the body. Things and other objects that are likely to cause falling; expand and stabilize the living space, support the debris with bricks, sticks, etc., in case the aftershocks occur, the environment is further deteriorated.

Try to get out of danger. If you can't find a way out of danger, try to save your physical strength, use stones to strike objects that make a sound, send out a distress signal, don't cry, impatience, and blind action. This will consume a lot of energy and energy. Control your emotions or close your eyes and wait for rescuers to arrive. If you are injured, think about dressing and avoid excessive bleeding.

Sustain life. If it is buried under the rubble for a long time, rescue workers have not arrived, or did not hear the call for help, we must find ways to maintain their lives, the water and food of the shockproof package must be saved, try to find food and drinking water, if necessary Your own urine can also quench your thirst.

Mutual rescue after the earthquake

After the earthquake, the external disaster relief team could not immediately rush to the disaster relief site. Under this circumstance, in order to get more valuable people buried under the rubble, the people in the disaster area actively participated in mutual rescue, which was the most effective in reducing casualties. The timely and most effective approach also reflects the lofty virtue of "saving people in distress".

The time for rescue is timely and the hope of being rescued is greater. According to relevant information, the rescue rate of rescued 20 minutes after the earthquake was over 98%, and the rescue rate saved one hour after the earthquake dropped to 63%. Among the people who could not be rescued 2 hours after the earthquake, the number of deaths due to asphyxiation accounted for the death toll. 58%. They did not die in the earthquake due to the collapse of the building, but died of suffocation. If they can be rescued in time, they can fully obtain life. Hundreds of thousands of people in the Tangshan earthquake were buried in the rubble. The people in the disaster area regained their lives through the self-rescue and mutual rescue. The mutual rescue operation involving the people in the disaster areas played an irreplaceable role in the entire earthquake relief work.

Faster time to save people after the earthquake

The principle of saving people after the earthquake and striving for time is fast, the target is accurate, the method is appropriate, and the mutual rescue team is growing. The specific approach is: first save the close, whether it is family, neighbors, or strangers, do not go farther away; first save the easy to save people, so that you can quickly strengthen the mutual rescue team; first save the young and the medical staff, they can make them Fully play a role in disaster relief; save "life" first, then save "people." In the Tangshan earthquake, a rural woman, once saved a person, only exposed his head to avoid suffocation, and then saved another person, so that dozens of people were rescued in a short time.

Method of saving people

According to the actual conditions of the post-earthquake environment and conditions, effective rescue methods should be adopted. The purpose is to rescue the buried personnel safely from the rubble.

After understanding and searching, it is determined that there are people buried in the ruins, judge the position of the buried pressure, and send rescue signals to the ruins by calling or tapping.

During the rescue process, special attention should be paid to the safety of the buried personnel. First, the tools used should not hurt the buried personnel; the second is not to damage the supporting conditions around the space where the buried personnel are located, causing new collapses, causing the buried pressure personnel to be in distress again; third, the closure of the buried pressure personnel should be carried out as soon as possible. Space communication, let fresh air flow, digging in the dust, too much water should be sprayed to reduce dust, so as not to suffocate the suffocation; Fourth, the burial time is long, it is difficult to rescue at one time, can try to transport drinking water, food to the buried pressure And medicines to sustain their lives.

Before carrying out a rescue operation, there must be plans, steps, where to dig, where to dig, where to use hoes, where to use sticks, must be considered.

In the past, there have been blind actions by rescuers, stepping on the cover on the head of the buried pressure, and dying the buried personnel. Therefore, scientific analysis and actions must be carried out during the rescue process in order to receive good rescue effects and blind actions. It often causes new damage to the rescued person.

Rescue and care

First expose the head of the buried person from the ruins and remove the dust from the nose and mouth to ensure that the breathing is smooth. For those who are seriously injured and cannot leave the pressure on their own, they should try to remove the body carefully. The surrounding buried objects will be carried out by the buried personnel, and should not be forced to pull hard.

For those who are hungry, injured, and suffocated, and who have been buried for a long time, they should use dark cloth to cover their eyes after being rescued to avoid strong light stimulation. For the injured, according to the severity of the injury, take a bandage or send a medical point to rescue. treatment.

Shock point

When the earthquake is running or hiding, most experts in China believe that it is close to the earthquake and evacuate to a safe place after the earthquake. It is a better way to emergency shock. The shock absorber should be selected from the indoor solid, the body that can cover the body, the place where the triangle space is easy to form, the small, supportive place, and the open and safe place.

The posture that the body should take:

Waiting for you, kneel down or sit down, try to distort your body and lower your body weight.

Grab a firm object such as a table leg.

Protect the head and neck, eyes, cover your nose and mouth.

Avoid crowds, don't squash, don't just open fires, because there may be flammable and explosive gases in the air.

School suspension

When you are in class, you should quickly hold your head, close your eyes, and hide under your desk under the teacher's command.

When you are in the playground or outdoors, you can keep your hands in place and protect your head with your hands, avoiding tall buildings or dangerous objects.

Don't go back to the classroom.

There should be an organized evacuation after the earthquake.

Never jump off the building! Don't stand out the window! Don't go to the balcony!

Classes should be taken outside when necessary.

Household shock absorber

The earthquake warning time is short, indoor suspension is more realistic, and the triangular space formed by the collapse of indoor houses is often a relatively safe place for people to survive. It can be called a shock space. This mainly refers to the space formed by the large collapsed body and the support.

The places where the interior is easy to form a triangular space are:

Inner wall wall and corner;

Small areas such as kitchens, toilets, storage rooms, etc.

Public space suspension

Obey the command of the on-site staff, don't panic, don't embrace the exit, avoid crowding, avoid crowds, and avoid being pushed to walls or fences.

In theaters, stadiums, etc.:

Squat down or kneel under the row of chairs;

Pay attention to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans;

Protect the head with a bag or the like;

After the earthquake has passed, he will follow the instructions of the staff and evacuate in an organized manner.

In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibitions, MRT, etc.:

Choose a solid counter, goods or pillars, and corners of the interior walls, kneel down, use your hands or other things to protect your head; avoid glass doors and windows, glass windows or counters; avoid tall and unstable or place heavy objects, easy Scraps of shelves; avoid towering or hanging objects such as billboards and chandeliers.

Inside the tram:

Grasp the armrests to avoid falling or bumping; lower the center of gravity and hide near the seat.

Get off the train after the earthquake.

Outdoor suspension

Choose an open shock absorber locally:

Kneel or kneel down to avoid falling;

Don't run around and avoid places with lots of people;

Do not return to the room casually.

Avoid tall buildings or structures:

Buildings, especially those with glass walls;

Crossing bridges and overpasses;

High chimneys and water towers.

Avoid dangerous objects, towering or hanging objects:

Transformers, utility poles, street lights, etc.;

Billboards, cranes, etc.

Avoid other dangerous places:

Narrow street

Dangerous old houses, dangerous walls;

Daughter wall, high door face, under the awning;

Stacking of bricks, wood, etc.

How to save yourself after a strong earthquake

1. After the earthquake, you should actively participate in the rescue work. You can lean your ears against the wall to hear if there is a survivor's voice.

2, so that the injured first exposed the head, keep breathing, if there is suffocation, immediately artificial respiration.

3. Once buried, try to avoid the unsettled collapse above the body and try to support the debris with bricks, sticks, etc. to strengthen the environment.

4. The earthquake occurred in an instant. Anyone should save himself and then rescue. First save and save, then save; first save, then save.

How to identify earthquake rumors

1. Correctly understand the actual level of current earthquake prediction at home and abroad. The medium- and long-term forecasts of large time scales currently made by humans have a certain degree of credibility, but the success rate of short-term forecasting is relatively low.

2. It is necessary to clarify that in China, the permission to issue earthquake prediction is in the government, and no other unit or individual has the right to issue earthquake prediction information. Treat earthquakes and rumors, do not believe, do not spread, and report in time.

3. Learn the common sense of earthquakes and eliminate the fear of earthquakes.

4, do not believe in rumors, blindly snapped up.

When the earthquake strikes, how should family members avoid the earthquake? Experts recommend three principles:

Principle one: adapt to local conditions and make correct choices. The environment and conditions in which everyone is exposed during the earthquake are very different, and the way of suspension can not be the same. These include: whether you live in a bungalow or a building. The earthquake occurs during the day or night. Is the house solid? There is no shelter space in the room. Your location is far from the door, and the outdoor is open and safe.

Principle 2: Act decisively and avoid hesitation. If the shock can be successful, it will not hesitate to look forward to it and hesitate. If you live in a shelter, you should act decisively, or avoid it nearby, or go out in an emergency.

Principle 3: Waiting for it, you can't make it out. The ancients recorded in the "Earthquake Record": "There is a sudden change, you can't make it out, you have to wait for it, and you can complete the nest, you can finish the egg." That means, when an earthquake occurs, don't rush out of the house. Instead, take the time to find a suitable shelter, take a squat or sit down and wait for the earthquake to pass, so that even if the house collapses, people can be safe.

Three strategies for high-rise shock absorbers

Experts suggest that in a metropolis dominated by buildings like Beijing, residents should consciously master some scientifically applicable shock absorber strategies.

Strategy 1: Keep calm during the earthquake and walk outside after the earthquake. This is an international general code for shock absorbers. Many earthquake cases at home and abroad have shown that people are most likely to be killed or injured when entering or leaving a building at a short moment in an earthquake. Therefore, experts warn that indoor shock conditions are good, first of all, indoor shock absorbers should be selected. If the building is poorly earthquake-resistant, run out of the room as much as possible.

In accordance with relevant national standards, residential buildings in Beijing should have the ability to withstand earthquakes with an intensity of 8 degrees. Experts suggest that you should not panic when the earthquake occurs, keep your vision open and mobile, so that the camera can act. In particular, don't stay on the bed; don't run to the balcony; don't go to the crowded places such as the corridor; don't jump off the building; don't use the elevator, if you need to leave in the elevator as soon as possible, if you can't open the door, hold your head. Your majesty. In addition, you should immediately extinguish the fire and prevent the burn from electric shock and fire.

Strategy 2: The location of the suspension is crucial. In the shock absorbers of buildings, according to the layout of the buildings and the indoor conditions, the situation can be judged and the safe space can be avoided. It is best to find a place where you can form a triangular space. More importantly, the trapped person can transmit information to the outside world by hitting the heating pipe, and the position of the heating wall on the outer wall is conducive to obtaining the quickest assistance.

It is important to note that when hiding in a small open room such as a kitchen or bathroom, try to get away from stoves, gas pipes and fragile dishes. If the kitchen and bathroom are in the corner of the building and the partition wall is a thin wall, do not choose it as the best shelter. In addition, don't dig into the cabinet or the box, because once the person gets in, they lose mobility immediately, their vision is blocked, their limbs are tied, not only will they miss the chance of escape but also help to be saved; the lying position is not good, the human body The plane area is increased, the probability of being hit is five times larger than standing, and it is difficult to maneuver.

Strategy 3: The water is not close to the fire, and the outside is not close to the inside. This is an important principle to ensure timely assistance to others in urban earthquakes. Don't be close to gas stoves, gas pipes and household appliances; don't choose the inner side of the building, try to be close to the outer wall, but don't hide under the window; try to get close to the water source. If you are trapped, try to contact the outside world, except contact your mobile phone. In addition, you can tap the pipe and radiator, or you can turn on the flashlight.

Family shock absorber tips

1. Take time to evacuate. If you feel that the shaking is very light, it means the source is far away, just hide under the solid furniture. From the beginning of the earthquake to the end of the vibration process, the time is only a few ten seconds to tens of seconds, so it is most important to take the time to shock, do not delay the time.

2. Choose the appropriate suspension space. The safer indoor shock absorber spaces include: load-bearing wall roots and corners; water pipes and heating pipes. The most unfavorable places for shock absorbers in the house are: beds without support; ceilings, under chandeliers; unsupported floors around; glass and large windows.

3. Be self-protected. First of all, be calm, choose to avoid the place, kneel down or sit down, face down, forehead on both arms; or grab the table and other solid objects around you to avoid falling when the earthquake or due to the body out of control shift Injury; protect the head and neck, bow your head, protect your head or neck with your hands; protect your eyes, lower your head and close your eyes to prevent foreign body damage; protect your mouth and nose. If possible, use a wet towel to cover your mouth and nose. Lime, poisonous gas.

10 tips for earthquakes

1. For the safety of yourself and your family, please hide under the solid furniture such as the desk.

The big shaking time is about 1 minute. This is the first thing you should consider about the personal safety of yourself and your family. First, dodge under the table with a low center of gravity and firmness, and hold the table legs tightly. In the case where there is no table to hide, in any case, protect the head with a cushion or the like.

2. Turn off the fire immediately when shaking, and extinguish the fire immediately

In the event of a major earthquake, there will be situations in which you cannot rely on a fire truck to extinguish a fire. Therefore, the efforts of each of us to shut down fires and extinguish fires are important factors in controlling earthquake disasters to a minimum.

From the usual time, I will develop the habit of shutting down even a small earthquake.

In order not to cause the fire to become a major disaster, the family members need not say that the neighbors help each other, and it is extremely important to carry out the early fire fighting.

At the time of the earthquake, there were three chances to turn off the fire:

The first chance at the time of the small shaking before the big shaking

At the moment of sensing small sway, immediately greet each other: "Earthquake! Turn off the fire!", turn off the heating stove, gas stove, etc. that are being used.

The second chance is when the big shake stops.

It is very dangerous to turn off the fire when the big shaking occurs, and put it down on the gas stove, the kettle on the heating stove, etc.

After the big shaking stopped, once again shouted: "Turn off the fire! Turn off the fire!" and go to the fire.

The third chance is after the fire

Even in the event of a fire, it can be extinguished within 1-2 minutes. In order to be able to extinguish the fire quickly, always place the fire extinguisher and fire bucket close to the place where the fire is used.

3. Don't panic to run outdoors

After the earthquake, he ran out of panic and smashed, broken glass, bricks on the roof, billboards, etc. fell on his body, which is very dangerous. In addition, cement prefabricated panels, vending machines, etc. are also in danger of collapsing, do not approach these objects.

4. Open the door and make sure the exit

Houses with reinforced concrete structures, etc., due to the shaking of the earthquake, the doors and windows may be misplaced, and the door may not be opened. There have been cases in which people were enclosed in the house. Please open the door to ensure the exit.

Usually think about it in case you are locked in the house, how to escape, and prepare ladders, ropes, etc.

5. For outdoor occasions, protect your head and avoid danger.

When the earth shakes violently and stands unsteadily, people will have the mentality of relying on and grasping what. Most of the doorposts and walls around you will become the object of support. However, these things that look strong and solid are actually dangerous.

In the 1987 earthquake in the Miyagi Prefecture of Japan, many people were killed or injured as a result of the collapse of cement prefabricated slab walls and door posts. Be sure not to get close to the cement prefabricated panels, door posts, etc.

In the bustling streets and buildings, the most dangerous thing is that glass windows, billboards and other things fall and hurt people. Pay attention to protect your head with your hands or handbag.

In addition, you should also pay attention to the vending machine tipping over and hurting people.

In the building area, depending on the situation, it is safer to enter the building.

6. In the department store, theater, according to the instructions of the staff

In places where there are many people in department stores, underground streets, etc., the most terrible thing is chaos. Please follow the instructions of store staff and security personnel.

As far as the earthquake is concerned, underground streets are said to be safer. Even in the event of a power outage, the emergency lighting will light up immediately, please take calm action.

In the event of a fire, it will be filled with smoke. Take refuge in a low-pressure position and do not smoke.

Take the elevator

In the event of an earthquake or fire, the elevator cannot be used. In case of an earthquake when taking the elevator, press all the buttons on each floor of the operation panel. Once stopped, quickly leave the elevator and confirm the safety and evacuate.

Elevators in high-rise buildings and recent buildings are equipped with controlled operations. When an earthquake occurs, it will automatically move to the nearest floor.

If you are locked in the elevator, please contact the management office through the dedicated telephone in the elevator for help.

7. The car is parked by the road and the control area is forbidden.

In the event of a major earthquake, the car would be like a tire suffocating, unable to grasp the steering wheel and difficult to drive. Care must be taken to avoid the intersection of the car by the roadside. In order not to interfere with the evacuation of people evacuated and emergency vehicles, the middle part of the road is to be given up.

Most roads in urban centers will be completely banned. Pay full attention to the radio broadcast of the car radio. If there is a police nearby, follow the instructions.

When it is necessary to evacuate, in order not to get involved in the fire, please close the window, insert the car key into the car, do not lock the door, and act with the local people.

8. Be sure to pay attention to landslides, landslides or tsunami

In the slopes and steep slopes, there is a danger of landslides and falling rocks. You should quickly evacuate to a safe place.

On the coast, there is a danger of a tsunami. If you are aware of an earthquake or a tsunami warning, please pay attention to the information such as radio and TV, and evacuate to a safe place.

9. Take a hike when taking refuge, and carry items at a minimum.

Take measures to evacuate due to fires caused by earthquakes, spread and burn, and situations such as crisis life and personal safety. In principle, the method of evacuation is based on the public disaster prevention organization, the street, etc., and the method of taking refuge on foot under the leadership of the person in charge and the police, and the items to be carried should be at a minimum. Never take advantage of cars and bicycles to take refuge.

For the evacuation of patients, etc., the cooperation and mutual assistance of local residents is indispensable. From the usual time, it is necessary for the neighborhoods to agree on the way to evacuate beforehand.

10. Don't listen to rumors, don't act rashly

In the event of a major earthquake, people are psychologically prone to shake. To prevent confusion, it is extremely important for everyone to act calmly based on the right information.

Grasp the correct information from the radio you are carrying. I believe that the information directly received from the government, the police, the firefighting and other disaster prevention agencies will never be convinced of irresponsible gossip, and do not act rashly.

Usual preparation

1. Is your home's security policy foolproof?

The usual preparation work is to keep the victim to a minimum.

Measures to fix and prevent dumping of large wardrobes, sideboard cabinets, and electric freezers.

Apply a transparent film or tape to the glass of the kitchen cabinet, window, etc. to prevent splashing around when the glass breaks.

In order to prevent the kitchen door from opening due to the shaking of the earthquake, the contents inside are dropped out, and the hinges are fixed on the door of the cabinet kitchen and the closet.

Do not place your TV, vase, etc. in a higher place.

In order to prevent the scattered glass fragments on the ground from injuring people, usually prepare thicker slippers.

Pay attention to the placement of the furniture to ensure the full space.

Pay full attention to the management and storage of fire appliances and dangerous goods such as kerosene heating stoves.

Reinforce the prefabricated wall of the cement to make it strong and not easy to collapse.

2. Are emergency supplies ready?

Drinking water food, baby milk powder, emergency medicine portable radio, flashlight, dry battery cash, valuable underwear, towel, toilet paper, etc.

3. From the usual time, establish a cooperative system of mutual assistance

When a major earthquake occurs, it can be expected to cause huge disasters in a large area. In this case, fire trucks and ambulances are not available on call. Therefore, it is necessary to communicate with local residents through the streets and other organizations from the usual time to establish a mutual assistance and cooperation system for dealing with fires and wounded people.

From the usual time, the neighbours should discuss each other's mutual assistance and cooperation system.

Actively participate in civil disaster prevention organizations.

Actively participate in disaster prevention training.

Emergency preparedness for the earthquake

In areas where destructive earthquake imminent earthquake predictions have been issued, emergency work should be done in the following areas:

1. After the earthquake, the production and supply of daily necessities such as food and medicine will be affected. Water towers and water pipes are often damaged, resulting in water supply interruption. In order to survive the difficult life in the early post-earthquake period, the society and families should prepare a certain amount of food, water and daily necessities before the earthquake.

2. It is also a big matter to establish a problem in the shelter of the earthquake. The house was damaged and needed to have a place to rest; the aftershocks continued to occur and there was a hiding place. This requires temporary construction of earthquake-proof, fireproof, cold-proof and rain-proof earthquake-proof sheds. All kinds of tents can be used, and the small round warehouse for storing grain in rural areas is also a good anti-seismic room.

3. Demarcation of evacuation sites and transshipment of dangerous goods: The urban population is dense, and it is difficult for people to evacuate and evacuate. In order to ensure the safety of personnel during the earthquake, the earthquake and evacuation routes and places should be demarcated according to the distribution of streets and districts before the earthquake. Before the earthquake, flammable, explosive and toxic materials should be transported to the outside of the city for storage.

4. Set up the wounded emergency center in a place with strong earthquake resistance in the city, or set up an emergency center outside the city to prepare beds, medical equipment, lighting equipment and medicines.

5. After suspending public activities and being notified of the official imminent earthquake forecast, various public places should be suspended, and the audience or customers should be evacuated in an orderly manner; the Chinese and national primary schools can temporarily take classes outside; the stations and docks can be waiting in the open air.

6. Organize personnel to evacuate and transfer important assets. If they receive formal warnings or notices, they must promptly and orderly mobilize and organize people to evacuate their houses. The critical illness being treated should be transferred to a safe place. For those who are paralyzed by a few thoughts, they must also mobilize to the safe area. The production materials of large livestock and tractors in rural areas should be properly transferred to a safe area before the earthquake. Vehicles of organs, enterprises and institutions should be opened out of the garage and parked in open places to play a role in earthquake relief.

7. Preventing secondary disasters In cities with earthquakes, serious secondary disasters may occur. In particular, chemical plants, gas plants and other units prone to earthquake secondary disasters must strengthen inspection and management, and set up special personnel to stay up late and be on duty.

8. Ensure that there are more confidential departments and banks in the safe city of the confidential department. During the earthquake, it is necessary to strengthen security and prevent loss of state-owned assets and confidential leakage. The fire brigade's vehicles must be out of the warehouse, and firefighters should be ready to fire in order to extinguish the fire in time and reduce economic losses.

9. Organize the rescue team and arrange the production before the earthquake. Governments at all levels must organize the rescue and relief teams on the spot. When necessary, some factories should suspend production or low-load operation under the unified instructions of the earthquake-proof headquarters.

10. Prepare for home earthquake prevention In the areas where earthquake prediction has been issued, residents must prepare for family earthquake prevention, formulate a family earthquake prevention plan, check and timely eliminate the hidden dangers of unfavorable earthquake prevention at home. (1) Inspection and reinforcement of housing should be reinforced for houses that are not conducive to earthquake resistance, and dangerous buildings that are not suitable for reinforcement should be evacuated. For bulky house decorations such as the parapet wall, high door face, etc. should be removed. (2) Reasonably place furniture and articles to fix high-rise furniture to prevent dumping of people. Under the firm furniture, it should be vacated to prepare for the earthquake. The furniture items should be placed under the weight and the light on the wall. Take it down into a fixed position to prevent it from falling and hurting people; clean up debris and make the doorway and corridor open; balcony wall should be cleaned, remove flower pots and sundries; flammable, explosive and toxic items should be placed in a safe place. (3) Prepare the necessary earthquake-preventing items Prepare a home shock-proof package including food, water, emergency lights, simple medicines, ropes, radios, etc., for easy access. (4) Conduct home earthquake prevention drills for emergency evacuation and evacuation exercises and “one-minute emergency hedging” exercises.

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