After reading "Tao Xingzhi's famous education articles" (4)

"Teaching in one" is Tao Xingzhi's teaching thought, and is also the methodology and teaching theory of Tao Xingzhi's life education.

Tao Xingzhi's teaching thoughts began to be systematically discussed in the article "Teaching in One". He said: "First, the responsibility of the gentleman is to teach the students to learn; second, the method taught by the gentleman must be based on the method of learning; third, the gentleman must teach one side while learning." Advocating the unity of teaching and opposing the separation of teaching. Teaching and learning are the common activities of teachers and students and the starting point of teaching theory. Without the teacher's teaching and student's study, there is no teaching, which is the basic problem of teaching theory.

Tao Xingzhi believes that in the teaching process, the responsibility of the gentleman is not to teach, nor to teach, but to teach students to learn. If the teacher only "teaches" or only "teaching", this is to treat students as "containers", passively accept knowledge, mobilize the enthusiasm of students, and can not inspire students' independent thinking; teachers only "teaching students" The learning methods and keys given to the students, inspiring their thinking, and cultivating their self-learning ability, can "explore the origin of knowledge and seek the destination of knowledge." Teachers can't subjectively "take students to join him in the teaching process." Teaching methods, with his textbooks, should take the initiative to understand students, understand their interests and hobbies, improve teaching methods, and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. Because students have different endowments and different ability to accept, teaching methods cannot be forced to be uniform. "The method of teaching must be based on the method of learning." At the same time, teachers should "learn while learning," and constantly improve themselves; only when their own level is improved, can they teach students well. This is the reason why he advocates "teaching unity."

Tao Xingzhi’s thought was put forward when he saw that “Mr. only disciplined, students only taught”, and it was highly targeted; it also clarified his teaching proposition. This claim reflects the relationship between teaching and learning, teachers and students, especially the dialectical relationship between teacher-led and student subjects. In the process of teaching, students are the main body of knowledge acquisition and the master of learning. If you do not mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of the students, let them consciously learn and actively explore, teachers only "teaching" or "teaching", and can not receive the desired effect. External factors must work through internal factors. Moreover, in the world, "new knowledge is endless", students do not master scientific learning methods, do not explore the skills of new knowledge, and can not adapt to future life, students can not follow the teacher forever. "Teaching students to learn" means teaching students to learn by themselves, which reflects the thinking of the students. At the same time, in the teaching process, teachers are leaders, organizers, and disseminators of knowledge. They should be in a dominant position and should play a leading role. However, this leading role must be based on the premise of the student's main role, otherwise the leading role of the teacher can not be played. "Teaching students to learn" also reflects this idea. This will unite the contradiction between teacher's teaching and student's learning in the teaching process, under the guidance of teachers and students, and correctly reflect the relationship between teaching and learning. In the teaching process, there are also teaching content and teaching methods, which should be unified under the leadership of teachers and the main body of students. Therefore, teachers must understand students and improve teaching methods, “learning while learning” and gaining in-depth knowledge of teaching materials. To promote the transformation of knowledge.

Tao Xingzhi pays special attention to the role of life education. He regards life education as the only way to transform China's education and society. In Tao Xingzhi's view, with life education, the traditional old education of "death reading, reading dead books, and studying death" can be broken. With life education, it is possible to "learn and learn by hand." Accepting life education can “increase one's own knowledge, increase one's own strength, and increase one's own beliefs.' Tao Xingzhi regards life education as a measure of education, school, books and even everything. He said: "The education without life center is death education. The school without life center is a dead school. The book without life center is a dead book. People who are fooling around in dead education, dead schools, dead books. It is a dead man." This is also instructive for the teachers under our new curriculum concept!

Tao Xingzhi regards "teaching and learning" as one of his important principles of "integration of teaching" and runs through his entire educational and teaching activities. He said: "There are no certain heights for teachers and students, and there is no limit to teaching. People only know teachers and professors, students learn; not knowing that sometimes, teachers get a lot of lessons from students." From a broad perspective, "60-year-old elders can learn something from six-year-old children. The people who teach will not learn from others, which is a phenomenon that we do not know every day." He often puts his own The poems are handed over to the children; he runs Anhui Public School, Xiaozhuang Normal School, and Yucai School to implement this principle, and advocates that teachers and students "jointly learn, work together, and cultivate together." In a certain sense, his "small sir system" and "knowing knowledge" are all related to "teaching and learning." "Teaching by teaching" is the principle he often uses. He said: "The things that people teach, the methods of teaching, the weight of teaching, and the order of teaching are all different. We need to know the ability of the person being taught in the growth process, and then know what to teach him. How to teach him." He used the metaphor of the different fertilizers required by pine and peony, indicating that different people should adopt different teaching methods. Zhu Xi once suggested that the method of teaching people should be based on the "study for learning", which means that "the method of teaching must be based on the method of learning." Tao Xingzhi also used it by his intention.

The purpose of education is for the development of students. If you can't learn to learn, students will not be interested in class, and learning will become very passive. Teachers can use hard methods or even cramming methods to force students to learn, but this only It will cause students to be tired of learning and will not help to master knowledge and improve their performance. At the same time, the teachers themselves will be unhappy. They will be distressed all day long for their students. Their faces are always tight. Without a friendly smile, they may return home and transfer this unhappiness to their families. However, if you always change the teaching method slightly, you can use the method that students can accept, and connect with the actual life, instead of simply using boring words to teach, which will arouse students' interest. In addition, respecting each student, teaching level, adapt to the needs of different students in the class, not to lose sight of one another, is conducive to the development of the whole class of students. Students learn happily and teach and teach easily. Teaching is no longer a one-man show for teachers, but an activity that interacts with teachers and students.

A teacher is not only a profession, but also a joy. If the teacher is to be a professional, of course, it is also done very well, but it is likely to be complaints and hard work behind it. If teachers are used as a source of happiness, everything will be different. However, how can you fall in love with teachers and have happiness? Teaching unity is the key. In short, the unity of teaching is an urgent need for each of our teachers and an important means to promote the development of students.