Agricultural and rural work focuses on increasing farmers' income
The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the key to building a well-off society in an all-round way is in rural areas, the key is agriculture, and the difficulty lies with farmers. Solving the problem of increasing farmers' income is the core of solving the "three rural" problem. In recent years, Wangcheng County, located in the suburbs of Hunan Province, is guided by the spirit of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The increase in peasants' income is the main theme of all rural work, expanding the new space for agricultural development and opening up new ways for farmers to increase their income. In 2003, the per capita disposable income of farmers was 3,608 yuan. In the first three quarters of this year, the cash income of farmers was 3339.2 yuan, an increase of 476 yuan or 16.6% year-on-year. This is the fastest increase in the county in the past decade. The increase in income of Wangcheng farmers is due to five changes in agricultural development. First, the internal structure of agriculture has changed from a single grain pig type to a multi-integrated type. The characteristic breeding industry has flourished, and the “Wantou Dairy Breeding Base” and the “Changsha Baili Special Aquaculture Corridor” have taken shape in Wangcheng. Second, the form of agricultural organization has changed from fragmented to large. The county has formed four major agricultural structural adjustment sections with an area of more than 300,000 mu, and built five bases of high-quality pollution-free rice, pollution-free vegetables, special aquaculture, dairy farming and ecological leisure, and adopted “enterprise plus base farmers”. The model opened up the “green channel” for agricultural products to enter the market. Third, the agricultural industry pattern has transformed from a raw material product type to a processing value-added type. Initially, an agricultural product processing system with distinctive industrial characteristics and obvious effects was formed. At present, there are 218 agricultural product processing enterprises in the county, including 4 with an annual output value of over 100 million yuan and 13 with an annual output value of over 10 million yuan. Fourth, the agricultural investment model has realized a transition from closed to open. In the past three years, the county has introduced 72 agricultural projects, with a contractual use of 1.08 billion yuan of funds outside the county, and a capital of 530 million yuan. At the same time, farmers' income has formed a stable development trend with non-agricultural income as the main body. Fifth, the agricultural growth mode has realized a transition from extensive management to ecological benefits. Efforts have been made to promote the three major projects of ecological agriculture, returning land to water, and returning farmland to forests. Up to now, 41 biogas ecological energy demonstration villages have been established, 14,000 mu of land has been returned to the fields, and 10,000 mu of land has been returned to forests. To 38%, it has created a good ecological environment and enhanced the stamina for sustainable agricultural development.
Behind the five transformations of Wangcheng agriculture, the overall situation of our county in improving farmers' income is summarized as follows:
1. Increase investment in construction and look for incrementals in the foundation of consolidation. Investment is an important guarantee for improving the conditions of production and living in rural areas. Wangcheng actively explores the multi-investment mechanism of agriculture and seeks large output through large investment. First, strengthen the construction of rural water conservancy facilities. Take the road of operating water conservancy, set up a water conservancy construction investment company, and through the reinforcement of the dike, straighten the land return of a number of beachheads, and only 50 million yuan can be raised this year. Initiate a yen loan of 40 million yuan to invest in urban flood control projects. Investing more than 1 billion yuan, highlighting the comprehensive management of dikes, reservoirs and mountain ponds, and improving the overall resilience of disasters, and laying a "safety belt" for the development of farmers' production and life. The second is to strengthen the construction of farmers' living facilities. We have comprehensively upgraded and transformed rural roads as a project of popular support and enrichment. In the past three years, we have invested 1.3 billion yuan, and newly modified roads for 589 kilometers. We have realized the cement roads in rural areas, the oil roads in villages, and the roads in the whole county. It ranks first in Hunan Province. At the same time, comprehensively carry out rural network transformation, strengthen the construction of rural cultural and sports facilities, and constantly improve rural education and medical and health conditions, and the production and living conditions of the majority of farmers have been effectively improved.
2. Adjust the industrial structure and achieve efficiency gains in highlighting features. Wangcheng County is adjacent to Changsha, the provincial capital. The Xiangjiang River passes through the country and has a national-level agricultural science and technology park. It has unique advantages in near-city and water resources. We give full play to these advantages and increase farmers' income by creating suburban specialty agriculture. The first is to seek benefits and avoid harm, and to do the live "water" word article. Vigorously develop the special aquaculture industry, and strive to build the “Bali Quality Aquaculture Corridor” in Changsha City, which is mainly based on 10,000 mu of crabs, 10,000 mu of pearls and 10,000 mu of squid culture along the Xiangjiang River. Featured industry. The second is to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and do excellent "city" words. Focusing on urban consumer demand, we will vigorously develop leisure and sightseeing agriculture, planting of economic crops such as flower seedlings and fresh fruits and vegetables, and leisure agriculture projects such as farmhouses, holiday resorts and fishing bases abound, opening up important channels for farmers to increase their income.
3. Improve the management level and increase the value in processing and transformation. We further integrate the various advantages of the national agricultural science and technology park and the Hunan high-tech food industry base, and actively explore the business model of “enterprise plus base market with farmers”, increase the scale effect of agricultural production and increase the added value of agricultural products. Farmers’ income. First, be a strong leader. Adopting a method of leading a county-level leader to contact a leading enterprise, vigorously supporting agricultural product processing enterprises in terms of policies, funds, and technology, and forming a Wangwang food, Mulin breakfast, dispatched dairy products, Huayue food, and gold garden winter powder. Batch of well-known companies and brands. The second is to expand the scale of the base. Relying on the food processing enterprises such as Guangming School and Qingxiang Food, the company has improved the industrial chain and developed dairy farming and vegetable cultivation. The county has formed more than 10 supporting production bases of more than 1,000 mu. At the same time, actively do live marketing. Establish agricultural professional associations, set up rural professional cooperative economic organizations, set up agricultural products wholesale centers and sales windows in Changsha, improve the degree of organization of agricultural products into the market, and realize the realization of agricultural products as soon as possible, effectively promoting farmers' income.
4. Develop non-agricultural industries and increase the growth rate in the expansion of transfer. While encouraging peasants to “be a good peasant” and do enough to increase their income, we encourage farmers to “disregard peasants”, accelerate the non-agriculturalization of peasants, and open up channels for peasants’ employment and income. First, vigorously develop the secondary and tertiary industries. Formulated and implemented preferential policies to promote the development of the private economy, especially in attracting the bosses to return to their hometowns to give policy inclinations, forming a wave of “enterprise relocation, capital return, talent return, technology feedback, and love return”; Township and village enterprises implement the employment mechanism of “employment autonomy and management management” to promote labor employment and greatly increase farmers' income. The second is to do everything possible to organize the output of rural labor. In May this year, the Changsha Labor Export Conference was successfully held in Shanghai, and 28,300 employment positions were signed, creating a new feature of “professional training, order output, and tracking service” for the export of labor in the city. Shanghai Philips, Suzhou Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd., etc. Employers have come to Wangcheng to recruit workers. At the same time, in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and other large and medium-sized cities to set up labor export offices, and assist the employers to do a good job in daily management, regular visits to labor exporters, timely resolution of disputes over wages, labor insurance and other aspects of rights and interests, and actively maintain farmers Legal rights of workers.
5. Carry out the spirit of archives and seek to increase income in implementing policies. Adhere to the principle of “giving more, less taking, and releasing”, and promote the potential of farmers to start their own businesses through policies, and stimulate the enthusiasm of farmers to increase their income independently. The first is to deepen the propaganda policy. Since the beginning of this year, a leading organization has been set up to guide the work on the No. 1 archives, and the activities of “thousands of cadres under the countryside” and “thousands of cadres paired with poverty alleviation” have been established, which have produced good responses among the people. The second is to strictly implement the policy. The agricultural tax was reduced by 3 percentage points on the basis of 2003, and the agricultural tax subsidies were simultaneously reduced. The grain farmers were directly subsidized and subsidized for grain. According to statistics, the policy of “one drop and two supplements” has enabled farmers to get more than 50 yuan per mu this year. At the same time, we must do a good job in reforming the grain circulation system, reforming the rural financial system, and reforming rural health care in accordance with the law, so that farmers can get more benefits from the reform.
Combining years of rural work practice, the author believes that to continuously promote the increase of farmers' income, we must take the scientific development concept as a guide, coordinate urban and rural economic and social development, and correctly handle the following five relationships:
1. Correctly handle the relationship between industrial development and agricultural foundation. From the perspective of economic development, industry is an insurmountable stage of county economic development. As a big agricultural country and a large agricultural county, agriculture has always been an unshakable foundation for rural work. Therefore, we must prevent the view that the workers and peasants are opposed, and prevent the tendency to abandon the industry and talk about agriculture. We must correctly handle the relationship between industry and agriculture, find the combination of the first and second industries, rely on agriculture for industry, focus on long-term interests, and achieve sustainable development; agricultural service industry, use industrialization to guide agriculture and realize industrialized operation. Drive the development of the tertiary industry, diversify and create a complex industry.
2. Correctly handle the relationship between increasing farmers' income and increasing intelligence. Governing the poor should first cure the ignorance, and increase the income must first increase the wisdom. Farmers must increase their income by relying on their own literacy and management capabilities. Any measure that relies on the improvement of farmers' internal knowledge, ability and quality will not work for a long time, and it will not solve the problem of increasing farmers' income. Vigorously developing rural education, improving farmers' ideological level, scientific and cultural quality, cultivating and developing farmers' skills, creating necessary conditions for the smooth flow of other income-increasing channels, and providing direct impetus for the sustainable growth of farmers' income, is the fundamental solution to the problem of increasing farmers' income. Ways and long-term solutions. While vigorously developing rural education, it is necessary to develop agricultural information resources, use existing telecommunications, radio and television networks and other technologies to build a networked rural "agricultural information market" to provide farmers with the necessary scientific and technological knowledge to engage in agricultural production. Use science and education to promote agriculture and innovate traditional agricultural growth methods to increase farmers' income.
3. Correctly handle the relationship between tapping potential and external development in agriculture. Relying on institutional innovation and technological innovation to promote internal income increase is the support and drive of agricultural development; relying on industrialization and urbanization, expanding the external space of agriculture is an extension and traction of agricultural development. The two complement each other and complement each other. At present, we must actively introduce foreign capital and technology, fully and effectively use agricultural resources, and tap into the potential for increasing income within agriculture. In broadening the channels for farmers to increase their incomes, they must vigorously develop non-agricultural industries, accelerate the development of rural secondary and tertiary industries, foster labor market, and focus on the development of labor economy. It is necessary to actively promote investment in agriculture, adhere to the emphasis on investment in agriculture and industry, and attract more funds to invest in agriculture.
4. Correctly handle the relationship between agricultural restructuring and food security. The relationship between the two is both contradictory and unified. The contradiction is reflected in the fact that increasing the income of farmers is necessary to accelerate the adjustment of agricultural structure, and it is necessary to compress some grain production. Otherwise, there will be no room for adjustment of agricultural structure. The unification is reflected in the fact that the adjustment of agricultural structure can only be accelerated after the food security has been ensured, the problem of eating has been settled, and the regional and variety structure of grain has been optimized before the development of animal husbandry and aquaculture and economic crops can be accelerated. The strategic adjustment of agricultural structure is an inevitable trend of agricultural development in the future, but it is necessary to pay attention to the coordinated development of agricultural structure adjustment and food security, to avoid the adjustment of agricultural structure that is simultaneous or similar, and to make rural economic development, agricultural restructuring and food security. Organically combined. It is necessary to give full play to the advantages of regional natural resources, make full use of the role of market mechanisms and the government's macroeconomic regulation and control, and plan to promote the adjustment of agricultural structure.
5. Correctly handle the relationship between farmland utilization and cultivated land protection. Cultivated land is an important basis for humans to obtain food. Maintaining the quantity and quality of cultivated land is crucial to the sustainable development of agriculture. The state implements the most stringent farmland protection system. The purpose is not to limit the output benefits of the land, but to improve the land's support capacity. Allowing the rational use of land use rights is an objective requirement for agricultural development and is consistent with the party's consistent policy. The state advocates the steadily promoting the transfer of land contractual management rights in accordance with the principle of “legal, voluntary, and paid”. It is not allowed to change the use of cultivated land at will, but reflects the rational flow and optimal allocation of production factors and improves the efficiency of the use of cultivated land. Therefore, it is necessary to implement the strictest arable land protection system, reduce the irrational consumption of cultivated land resources as much as possible, and at the same time correctly guide and standardize rural land transfer work, promote land scale intensive management, and protect farmers' long-term interests.
Behind the five transformations of Wangcheng agriculture, the overall situation of our county in improving farmers' income is summarized as follows:
1. Increase investment in construction and look for incrementals in the foundation of consolidation. Investment is an important guarantee for improving the conditions of production and living in rural areas. Wangcheng actively explores the multi-investment mechanism of agriculture and seeks large output through large investment. First, strengthen the construction of rural water conservancy facilities. Take the road of operating water conservancy, set up a water conservancy construction investment company, and through the reinforcement of the dike, straighten the land return of a number of beachheads, and only 50 million yuan can be raised this year. Initiate a yen loan of 40 million yuan to invest in urban flood control projects. Investing more than 1 billion yuan, highlighting the comprehensive management of dikes, reservoirs and mountain ponds, and improving the overall resilience of disasters, and laying a "safety belt" for the development of farmers' production and life. The second is to strengthen the construction of farmers' living facilities. We have comprehensively upgraded and transformed rural roads as a project of popular support and enrichment. In the past three years, we have invested 1.3 billion yuan, and newly modified roads for 589 kilometers. We have realized the cement roads in rural areas, the oil roads in villages, and the roads in the whole county. It ranks first in Hunan Province. At the same time, comprehensively carry out rural network transformation, strengthen the construction of rural cultural and sports facilities, and constantly improve rural education and medical and health conditions, and the production and living conditions of the majority of farmers have been effectively improved.
2. Adjust the industrial structure and achieve efficiency gains in highlighting features. Wangcheng County is adjacent to Changsha, the provincial capital. The Xiangjiang River passes through the country and has a national-level agricultural science and technology park. It has unique advantages in near-city and water resources. We give full play to these advantages and increase farmers' income by creating suburban specialty agriculture. The first is to seek benefits and avoid harm, and to do the live "water" word article. Vigorously develop the special aquaculture industry, and strive to build the “Bali Quality Aquaculture Corridor” in Changsha City, which is mainly based on 10,000 mu of crabs, 10,000 mu of pearls and 10,000 mu of squid culture along the Xiangjiang River. Featured industry. The second is to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and do excellent "city" words. Focusing on urban consumer demand, we will vigorously develop leisure and sightseeing agriculture, planting of economic crops such as flower seedlings and fresh fruits and vegetables, and leisure agriculture projects such as farmhouses, holiday resorts and fishing bases abound, opening up important channels for farmers to increase their income.
3. Improve the management level and increase the value in processing and transformation. We further integrate the various advantages of the national agricultural science and technology park and the Hunan high-tech food industry base, and actively explore the business model of “enterprise plus base market with farmers”, increase the scale effect of agricultural production and increase the added value of agricultural products. Farmers’ income. First, be a strong leader. Adopting a method of leading a county-level leader to contact a leading enterprise, vigorously supporting agricultural product processing enterprises in terms of policies, funds, and technology, and forming a Wangwang food, Mulin breakfast, dispatched dairy products, Huayue food, and gold garden winter powder. Batch of well-known companies and brands. The second is to expand the scale of the base. Relying on the food processing enterprises such as Guangming School and Qingxiang Food, the company has improved the industrial chain and developed dairy farming and vegetable cultivation. The county has formed more than 10 supporting production bases of more than 1,000 mu. At the same time, actively do live marketing. Establish agricultural professional associations, set up rural professional cooperative economic organizations, set up agricultural products wholesale centers and sales windows in Changsha, improve the degree of organization of agricultural products into the market, and realize the realization of agricultural products as soon as possible, effectively promoting farmers' income.
4. Develop non-agricultural industries and increase the growth rate in the expansion of transfer. While encouraging peasants to “be a good peasant” and do enough to increase their income, we encourage farmers to “disregard peasants”, accelerate the non-agriculturalization of peasants, and open up channels for peasants’ employment and income. First, vigorously develop the secondary and tertiary industries. Formulated and implemented preferential policies to promote the development of the private economy, especially in attracting the bosses to return to their hometowns to give policy inclinations, forming a wave of “enterprise relocation, capital return, talent return, technology feedback, and love return”; Township and village enterprises implement the employment mechanism of “employment autonomy and management management” to promote labor employment and greatly increase farmers' income. The second is to do everything possible to organize the output of rural labor. In May this year, the Changsha Labor Export Conference was successfully held in Shanghai, and 28,300 employment positions were signed, creating a new feature of “professional training, order output, and tracking service” for the export of labor in the city. Shanghai Philips, Suzhou Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd., etc. Employers have come to Wangcheng to recruit workers. At the same time, in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and other large and medium-sized cities to set up labor export offices, and assist the employers to do a good job in daily management, regular visits to labor exporters, timely resolution of disputes over wages, labor insurance and other aspects of rights and interests, and actively maintain farmers Legal rights of workers.
5. Carry out the spirit of archives and seek to increase income in implementing policies. Adhere to the principle of “giving more, less taking, and releasing”, and promote the potential of farmers to start their own businesses through policies, and stimulate the enthusiasm of farmers to increase their income independently. The first is to deepen the propaganda policy. Since the beginning of this year, a leading organization has been set up to guide the work on the No. 1 archives, and the activities of “thousands of cadres under the countryside” and “thousands of cadres paired with poverty alleviation” have been established, which have produced good responses among the people. The second is to strictly implement the policy. The agricultural tax was reduced by 3 percentage points on the basis of 2003, and the agricultural tax subsidies were simultaneously reduced. The grain farmers were directly subsidized and subsidized for grain. According to statistics, the policy of “one drop and two supplements” has enabled farmers to get more than 50 yuan per mu this year. At the same time, we must do a good job in reforming the grain circulation system, reforming the rural financial system, and reforming rural health care in accordance with the law, so that farmers can get more benefits from the reform.
Combining years of rural work practice, the author believes that to continuously promote the increase of farmers' income, we must take the scientific development concept as a guide, coordinate urban and rural economic and social development, and correctly handle the following five relationships:
1. Correctly handle the relationship between industrial development and agricultural foundation. From the perspective of economic development, industry is an insurmountable stage of county economic development. As a big agricultural country and a large agricultural county, agriculture has always been an unshakable foundation for rural work. Therefore, we must prevent the view that the workers and peasants are opposed, and prevent the tendency to abandon the industry and talk about agriculture. We must correctly handle the relationship between industry and agriculture, find the combination of the first and second industries, rely on agriculture for industry, focus on long-term interests, and achieve sustainable development; agricultural service industry, use industrialization to guide agriculture and realize industrialized operation. Drive the development of the tertiary industry, diversify and create a complex industry.
2. Correctly handle the relationship between increasing farmers' income and increasing intelligence. Governing the poor should first cure the ignorance, and increase the income must first increase the wisdom. Farmers must increase their income by relying on their own literacy and management capabilities. Any measure that relies on the improvement of farmers' internal knowledge, ability and quality will not work for a long time, and it will not solve the problem of increasing farmers' income. Vigorously developing rural education, improving farmers' ideological level, scientific and cultural quality, cultivating and developing farmers' skills, creating necessary conditions for the smooth flow of other income-increasing channels, and providing direct impetus for the sustainable growth of farmers' income, is the fundamental solution to the problem of increasing farmers' income. Ways and long-term solutions. While vigorously developing rural education, it is necessary to develop agricultural information resources, use existing telecommunications, radio and television networks and other technologies to build a networked rural "agricultural information market" to provide farmers with the necessary scientific and technological knowledge to engage in agricultural production. Use science and education to promote agriculture and innovate traditional agricultural growth methods to increase farmers' income.
3. Correctly handle the relationship between tapping potential and external development in agriculture. Relying on institutional innovation and technological innovation to promote internal income increase is the support and drive of agricultural development; relying on industrialization and urbanization, expanding the external space of agriculture is an extension and traction of agricultural development. The two complement each other and complement each other. At present, we must actively introduce foreign capital and technology, fully and effectively use agricultural resources, and tap into the potential for increasing income within agriculture. In broadening the channels for farmers to increase their incomes, they must vigorously develop non-agricultural industries, accelerate the development of rural secondary and tertiary industries, foster labor market, and focus on the development of labor economy. It is necessary to actively promote investment in agriculture, adhere to the emphasis on investment in agriculture and industry, and attract more funds to invest in agriculture.
4. Correctly handle the relationship between agricultural restructuring and food security. The relationship between the two is both contradictory and unified. The contradiction is reflected in the fact that increasing the income of farmers is necessary to accelerate the adjustment of agricultural structure, and it is necessary to compress some grain production. Otherwise, there will be no room for adjustment of agricultural structure. The unification is reflected in the fact that the adjustment of agricultural structure can only be accelerated after the food security has been ensured, the problem of eating has been settled, and the regional and variety structure of grain has been optimized before the development of animal husbandry and aquaculture and economic crops can be accelerated. The strategic adjustment of agricultural structure is an inevitable trend of agricultural development in the future, but it is necessary to pay attention to the coordinated development of agricultural structure adjustment and food security, to avoid the adjustment of agricultural structure that is simultaneous or similar, and to make rural economic development, agricultural restructuring and food security. Organically combined. It is necessary to give full play to the advantages of regional natural resources, make full use of the role of market mechanisms and the government's macroeconomic regulation and control, and plan to promote the adjustment of agricultural structure.
5. Correctly handle the relationship between farmland utilization and cultivated land protection. Cultivated land is an important basis for humans to obtain food. Maintaining the quantity and quality of cultivated land is crucial to the sustainable development of agriculture. The state implements the most stringent farmland protection system. The purpose is not to limit the output benefits of the land, but to improve the land's support capacity. Allowing the rational use of land use rights is an objective requirement for agricultural development and is consistent with the party's consistent policy. The state advocates the steadily promoting the transfer of land contractual management rights in accordance with the principle of “legal, voluntary, and paid”. It is not allowed to change the use of cultivated land at will, but reflects the rational flow and optimal allocation of production factors and improves the efficiency of the use of cultivated land. Therefore, it is necessary to implement the strictest arable land protection system, reduce the irrational consumption of cultivated land resources as much as possible, and at the same time correctly guide and standardize rural land transfer work, promote land scale intensive management, and protect farmers' long-term interests.
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