Research report on the reform of official car system
Research report on the reform of official car system
Official vehicles generally refer to various types of vehicles used by party and government organs, social organizations, enterprises and institutions to organize official activities for work, business, reception, etc. As an important part of job consumption, irregular behaviors and corruptions occur during the use of buses. Leaders who misappropriate public funds or even use poverty alleviation to purchase vehicles and private cars are often exposed in the media. This is "corruption on the wheel", and it is strongly reflected. The call for "unfair bus" has become the focus of much attention of the society and has already attracted the attention of the central government. According to the proposal put forward by the representative of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, during the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period, the national purchase of buses cost 72 billion yuan, an annual increase of 27%, greatly exceeding the growth rate of GDP during the same period. In the late 1990s, there were about 3.5 million buses in China, including the staff of the company, which cost about 300 billion yuan, which has become a big burden for the financial industry. As the CPPCC members have called out loud, bus reform is imperative.
The drawbacks of the current official car system are becoming more and more obvious. Various localities and regions at various levels have also made useful attempts to reform the official car system, but they have failed to solve the problem fundamentally. In order to speed up the pace of reform of the official car system in our city, we conducted a survey on the purchase, use and management of buses in the city in recent years, and analyzed in depth the shortcomings of the current official car system, and carefully based on the successful experience of domestic cities. In the above, the specific measures and policy recommendations for the reform of the official car system in our city were put forward for the reference of the leaders in improving the decision-making and the implementation of the bus reform.
First, the basic situation of the official car in our city The current official car system in the city basically follows the supply system. It uses administrative allocation as a means to control by means of planning instructions, from buying a car, car, car to car. At all points, all expenses are paid by the state or collectively with public funds. According to the statistics of the Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection, there are currently 870 official vehicles in the city: 455 vehicles at the municipal level, 265 at the Public Security Bureau, the Procuratorate, the court, the Judicial Bureau, and 150 at the township level. According to the statistics of the municipal editorial committee, I There are 142 drivers in the city and 255 temporary drivers. The total financial expenditure of the Municipal Finance Bureau in 2003 was 1 billion yuan, and the consumption of official vehicles was 69.6 million yuan, accounting for 6.9% of the total fiscal expenditure.
In recent years, the city has strengthened the management of the use and use of official vehicles: it has formulated some policies to standardize management and sunlight operation for the preparation, standardization, and purchase of official vehicles of the party and government organs; The disposition of the use of bus cases for disciplinary violations; some explorations on the reform of the official car system, and some achievements in regulating the use of buses and reducing fiscal expenditures, but the drawbacks of the existing official car system are still very prominent. The problems in the use of buses still exist, especially in the recent cases of private use of buses in the city. The public has a great response, and the people's voices on bus reform are increasingly strong.
Second, the main problems of the current official car system due to the non-standard system, the current problem of official car, the various departments of the country are also similar, for our Ruian City, there are mainly four outstanding issues:
1. The cost of official vehicles is too high and the financial burden is heavy. The bus set is used to perform official duties, but in the process of use, it is often not cost, regardless of the distance of the work, the bus can be used by bus. In addition, individuals who use private buses do not have to pay any fees, do not need to use them, use them, and use them. Why not use them? At the same time, there are loopholes in the supervision and management system, and there are corruptions in bus consumption. Bus repairs are the most "catty" and eating kickbacks is an open secret. In order to retain customers, some auto repair shops use improper means to attract bus drivers to visit their homes frequently, and return the drivers according to a certain percentage of the repair costs. Some drivers give what they need, and some invoice according to the driver's request. The number of units that can be reported, the number of invoices will be opened. Anyway, "the wool is on the sheep", which is borne by the public. The result is that the cost of repairing the bus is greatly increased. There are also "black holes" in the bus. Occasionally, there will be more open and virtual invoicing. In this way, it is not surprising that the running cost of the bus is much higher than other vehicles. According to incomplete statistics, the annual operating cost of a public service vehicle is at least 60,000 yuan, and some even exceed 100,000 yuan. Coupled with the price of a vehicle, the cost of a bus for one year is about 200,000 yuan or more. The image of the people is like "the bottom of the bottom of the bottom." The proportion of local bus consumption in fiscal expenditure is between 6% and 12%, and some places are even higher.
2. The phenomenon of private use of buses is serious, and the bus becomes a symbol of power. Due to the lack of binding force in the system, the private use of buses has been repeatedly banned. The official car has long been a symbol of the status, status and power of the master. Many leading cadres are all one-person car, and they have left the public without a car. Although there are corresponding systems for the use of buses by units or departments, these systems are ineffective, because not only the cost of buses but also the financial expenses, and individuals sometimes enjoy the fare and overtime. Because of this, although the government has made three orders and five applications, the unfairness of buses and the private use of buses have become increasingly fierce. The phenomenon of bus welcoming, bus travel, bus sweeping, bus fishing, and bus picking up children to school have long been commonplace. The Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection and Correctional Affairs Office conducted an annual assault inspection on the holidays to verify the number of buses used in violation of the regulations reached 30 vehicles. A small number of people rely on their rights or convenience in their positions, making the official car almost become their "private car". Even if they are going to work, even a few minutes, they have to take the bus, go to the banquet after work, and go to visit friends and friends. Even the children of their families, the seven aunts and the eight priests have to do private things. According to the survey, in some places, public transport accounts for one-third of the total, cadres account for one-third of private use, and drivers use one-third of private use. The bus is not "public". Some leading cadres are driven by drivers during their working hours, and they drive themselves after work and holidays. Some leading cadres simply drive themselves and let the drivers "rest".
3, bus use efficiency is low, waste is amazing. The data show that the operating cost per 10,000 kilometers of other operating vehicles in the society is about 8,215 yuan, and the running cost of official vehicles of the party and government organs is as high as tens of thousands of yuan. The efficiency of using each taxi is at least 5 times that of the bus, and the operating cost is It is only about 13% of the bus. The low efficiency results in a great waste of natural resources. On the other hand, because the current leaders have relatively fixed vehicles, some have become special vehicles. Because it is a special car for the leader, it is difficult to use the car in other business offices that need to use the car, resulting in idle waste of the bus.
4, the problem of super-preparation of super-standard equipment and the use of cars has been repeatedly prohibited. The current standard of vehicle allocation in our city is based on the provisions of the Municipal Party Committee [1997] No. 121 on the establishment and management of the number of cars equipped by municipal party and government organs. But in reality, super-standard vehicles still exist. According to the investigation by the Municipal Organs Administration Bureau: In 2002, 238 public service vehicles of 61 municipal units in the city were measured according to the existing standards, 19 units that met the standards, 1 unit that did not meet the standard, and 37 units that exceeded the standard. Up to 61%.
Third, the main practice of the official car system reform The reform of the official car system is not only a hot topic in today's society, but also a realistic problem that all levels of agencies have been trying to solve. Since 1998, China's bus reform has entered the "fast lane", and many cities are actively exploring effective ways to reform the shortcomings of the current bus system. From the analysis of the local situation of the first reform, the reform ideas and measures are roughly divided into the following three modes:
Marketization of bus services: First, the implementation of “bus rental”, that is, the centralized concentration of vehicles in the areas where departments and units are relatively concentrated, the establishment of vehicle management service centers, the transformation of the existing bus system of party and government organs into operational entities, and the implementation of simulated market operations. Paid service. Provide paid car service to departments, units and individuals according to the market car rental pricing method. Public servants shall pay transportation subsidies according to the level and position, or carry out the expenses, and pay the fees according to the mileage and models when using the bus. The biggest advantage of this reform method is that it is active and stable, which not only greatly reduces the drawbacks of the original bus system, but also takes care of the current situation that the driving and logistics personnel cannot be resettled.
Tai'an City of Shandong Province established the Vehicle Management Center of the Municipal Direct Administration Bureau in the second half of 2001, stipulating that all departments and units except the one reserved for work vehicles, all the vehicles and drivers are centrally managed by the vehicle management center, unified scheduling, and pricing . The department collects the car tokens according to the standard of 8,000 yuan per car per year, and the over-expenditure does not make up, and the savings are returned to others. In November of that year, 53 party and government organs of Tai'an City moved to the new building, and more than 1,700 civil servants from departmental leaders to general cadres, all of them took the bus pass issued by the Municipal Finance Bureau, and took the special bus opened by the bus company. . At the same time, Tai'an City introduced GPS satellite navigation and positioning system into vehicle management. According to the driving route and location of each vehicle, the command center dispatched vehicles in time around the country, from vehicles to vehicles, to vehicles, to trips, and to fuel consumption. The whole process of billing to problem processing has realized intelligent management. This form of official vehicle has changed the "family-style" and "small but complete" public resource allocation methods and implemented resource sharing.
The second is to implement "private car public." With the development of the social economy, there are more and more private vehicles. There are many staff members. Private vehicles refer to the cadres who are assigned to drive their own vehicles to receive official duties when the official duties are needed. The subsidy standard is to take two buses and tricycles. Calculation. The advantage is that it can effectively solve problems such as difficulty in dispatching vehicles, saving expenses, and improving work efficiency. It can also meet the requirements of reducing the number of buses and facilitating work, and can solve some practical problems for the current official car system.
The Yueqing Municipal Education Bureau has achieved relatively good results since the trial of the private car public system in March 2004. According to the information of the bureau, the average cost of going to the countryside each time in March and April 2003 was 108.57 yuan and 133.54 yuan, respectively. After the trial of private cars, the average of March and April 2004. The cost of going to the countryside is 80.74 yuan and 94.65 yuan respectively. Compared with the same period, the average cost of going to the countryside is 27.83 yuan and 38.89 yuan. The private car is compared with the bus to the countryside. March, April 2004 The cost of private car commuting to the countryside is 64.33 yuan and 54.37 yuan respectively. The cost of taking the bus to the countryside is 110.28 yuan and 123.95 yuan respectively, and the average saving is 45.95 yuan and 69.58 yuan. From the digital position, it can be seen that the private car is public. The funds have been greatly saved. At the same time, compared with the same period, the number of going to the countryside has increased significantly, and the enthusiasm of the cadres to the countryside has increased significantly.
Monetization of bus allocation: cancel or retain a small amount of official vehicles and issue certain transportation subsidies. The monetization of bus allocation means that the “post subsidy” is implemented, that is, the public servants completely cancel the treatment of the bus, and the transportation subsidies are issued according to the level and position, so that the “dark supplement” in the past is “bright supplement”. Compared with "bus rental", "post subsidy" is more in line with the market economy rules of job consumption monetization, and is also in line with international practice. It is a reform measure that fundamentally eliminates the drawbacks of bus. From the current situation, most of the cities that have undergone car modification and will undergo car modification have adopted such methods. The distribution of transportation subsidies is divided into monthly distribution, one-time distribution, and dry use.
1. Disbursement of transportation subsidies on a monthly basis. The city's official vehicles will be monetized, that is, the civil aviation transportation subsidies will be issued in the form of money. The specific approach is: the vehicle is open to the public auction. Leading cadres and drivers can participate in the auction, and leading cadres and drivers can enjoy certain discounts on the auction price. The driver of the administrative and professional establishments is transferred to the post, and the older driver who retire early, the driver who took the car, issued a basic salary of 70% per month within two years. Cadres issue transportation subsidies and distribute transportation subsidies according to their positions and positions. Subsidy standards are approved by each region.
Laohekou City, Hubei Province is a pilot city for the comprehensive reform of job consumption in the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. The practice of bus reform is: vehicles are publicly auctioned to the public. Leading cadres and drivers can participate in the auction, and the driver can enjoy a 20% discount on the auction price. The driver of the administrative and professional establishments is transferred to the post, and the older driver who retire early, the driver who took the car, issued a basic salary of 70% per month within two years. The cadres issued transportation subsidies. The standard is: the farthest township party and government is 800 yuan/month, the farther is 700 yuan/month, the nearest 600 yuan/month, the department's top leader is 600 yuan/month, and the middle is 500 yuan. / month, the lowest 400 yuan / month. The deputy is halved.
The practice of bus reform in township and township institutions in Wuxi is: all towns and towns in the city will auction buses, and distribute transportation subsidies according to their positions and positions. The subsidy standard shall be determined by all districts and counties, but the monthly subsidy amount of the town party committee secretary and the mayor shall not exceed 2,500 yuan as a whole, and other duties shall be decremented in turn.
2. Distribute transportation subsidies at one time. A one-time payment will give the car a certain amount of car purchase subsidy, and the public is responsible for fixed expenses such as vehicle insurance, road maintenance, annual review, etc. Other daily expenses such as gasoline, maintenance, road and bridge, parking, etc. are paid by the individual, and the unit is no longer Issued a transportation subsidy. Generally adopting this reform method is more economically developed regions. The specific method is: one-time subsidy for each vehicle to be purchased, to clarify the individual's right to use the right, the property rights are still owned by the unit, the property rights belong to the individual after the time limit, the public no longer bear any expenses.
The practice in Shatian Town, Dongguan City is: to keep 4 of the existing 14 buses, and the remaining 10 are sold according to the condition of the car, and 30% off to the car, and can be paid in installments. Car buyers pay 5,000 yuan per year and are responsible for reimbursement of petrol expenses. Other expenses are borne by individuals. After this practice, the annual savings will be about 460,000 yuan.
3, the use of transportation funds. If the package is used, it will be used to cover the cost of the vehicle, and it will be overpaid and the savings will be awarded proportionally. This kind of cost subsidy method does not appear in the whole process, avoiding some contradictions, and is also called "quasi-money mode."
The practice of Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province is: on the basis of auctioning the ownership or use rights of the bus, the “total control, sub-shifting” is applied to the official transportation expenses. The township and township leading cadres are responsible for the official vehicle expenses. The main criteria for determining the standard of the contract are to consider three factors: first, the total economic volume and economic strength of the township; second, the distance from the urban area; and third, the position of the leading cadres and the task of being in charge of the work. Wait. The municipal direct authority shall approve the transportation fee according to the number of vehicles and the number of public servants, that is, on the basis of the annual fixed fee of 10,000 yuan per vehicle, the unit type shall be determined to determine the per capita transportation fee quota, and the public, inspection, law, discipline and other law enforcement agencies 800 Yuan / person, other agencies 509 yuan / person, China's small school 89 yuan / person. Official transportation expenses are paid in the form of over-the-counter vouchers, over-spending, and the savings are awarded to individuals at 29%, and the rest are transferred to the next year. For special circumstances, use the car, the cost of buying and selling, but subject to strict approval procedures to control.
Standardization of bus management: Improve the existing official car system, control the purchase, use and maintenance of vehicles, and block loopholes in bus management. In the case that the conditions for the complete abolition of the bus are not yet mature, some regions have strengthened the supervision and management of official vehicles by strictly controlling the purchase of buses, standardizing the use and maintenance of buses, and preparing for the next bus reform.
1. Standardize the vehicle update program Strictly implement the “Regulations on the Preparation and Management of Car-to-Equipment Provisions at the Municipal Party and Government” and the specific review opinions put forward by the State Council in Order No. 307 of 2001, formulate the approval procedures for the purchase of official vehicles, and be responsible for approving vehicle allocation and renewal. All relevant functional departments of the plan must strictly implement the vehicle scrapping standards in strict accordance with the requirements of the regulations; use the permission of the functional departments to adjust the use of vehicles and strictly control the growth of official vehicles. Gradually reduce the number of buses.
2. Establish vehicle management files to carry out unified management of the city's official vehicles, uniformly color all the buses, or uniformly paint the visible signs to facilitate the management and supervision of the bus. It is necessary to set up the functional units of vehicle management, clarify the scope of management functions, introduce modern management modes, establish vehicle files for official vehicles, and accurately grasp the number of vehicles, the actual quantity, the age of purchase, and the use of vehicles of each unit. Strengthen the management of existing vehicles.
3. The use and maintenance of standardized non-standardization of bus use is a prominent problem in current official vehicles. All units and departments should establish a strict bus use system, standardize the use of bus programs; establish a vehicle maintenance service station for the city's official vehicles, stipulate that the city's official vehicles should be uniformly pitted for maintenance, and adopt strict and standardized vehicle maintenance to ensure quality and low price. The place is charged by the city accounting center for accounting. For the vehicle oil, a fixed-point gas station can also be established. The same as the fixed-point maintenance, it is settled by the accounting center. This will not only ensure the quality of repairs, but also save money, facilitate management, and eliminate the corruption of vehicle maintenance.
4. Increase the supervision of vehicles While strengthening the management of vehicles, it is necessary to increase the supervision of official vehicles. The NPC, CPPCC, and auditing departments should give full play to the examination and supervision, and strengthen the official vehicle expenses for government departments. Supervise the use and bus consumption; open a reporting special line to expand the supervision group; the discipline inspection and supervision departments should strengthen the supervision function and increase the disposal of illegal use of buses.
Fourth, the reform of the bus in several aspects that should be paid attention to in the reform of the official car system is imperative. The specific reform method should be determined according to the actual situation of the region and the unit. In the comprehensive analysis and comparison of the various reforms mentioned above, we can take the essence, use it for me, and combine our reality to propose a car reform plan that is both feasible and innovative. But in the reform, we must pay attention to:
1. The reform of the bus monetization should be scientific. The official transportation subsidy standard is determined on the basis of the tasks, nature and official activities undertaken by the job. The formulation of subsidy standards must be reasonable and scientific, and it must be in line with local realities. It is strictly forbidden to use the name of reform to spawn bonuses and allowances. If the subsidy standard is set high, regardless of the level of development of the local economy and the financial capacity, the significance of the reform will be greatly reduced. The scope of the official transportation fee subsidy should be appropriate. It belongs to the category of job consumption, not employee benefits, neither egalitarianism nor excessive disparity. Generally speaking, it is divided into three categories: leading cadres, middle-level cadres and general cadres. The first-line leaders of a region and the first-line leaders of a department, although different in level, are basically in the same subsidy class. At the same time, the operating program should be standardized and needs to be carried out in the sun.
2. The bus reform should prevent “one size fits all”. The bus reform is a complicated project. It is by no means a simple "complete revolution" of "cancelling the bus and substituting subsidies". All localities and units must be treated differently. Certain special official vehicles must be guaranteed. After the car is changed, the agency taxi fleet may be established or a small number of buses may be reserved depending on the situation, so as to ensure the special public service needs of the transportation, reception, and old life. It is necessary to establish a sound and strict management system for the reserved buses to prevent the phenomenon of “taking care of the bus and subsidizing the use of the car”. Under the car reform system introduced by the municipal government, various local departments and departments are allowed to have different relevant policies.
3, beware of the privilege phenomenon, to avoid "virtual change and live fishing." Because "do not engage in 'one size fits all'", leaving a lot of room for self-control for the official car reform. For ordinary civil servants who do not have the right to approve the expenses, it is not only difficult to implement them, but also sure that “virtual” is not where. However, for the leaders who are in power, the most worrying thing is that these people can use their powers to allow themselves or small groups to enjoy benefits such as “traffic subsidies” and to spend money and other means. I continue to enjoy the public expense car for a penny, and become a "virtual change."
4. The reform of official vehicles is a systematic project, and attention should be paid to balanced advancement. If reforms are not carried out from the administrative system, and the reform of job consumption, including bus reform, cannot be completely successful. First, fiscal legalization is implemented. After the fiscal budget legislation, it must be strictly enforced. Violation of the budget is illegal. The reform of the various elements of job consumption should be carried out simultaneously and balanced, and the bus reform cannot be taken out alone. Reform must take place simultaneously across the city and across the industry. Reform must start at the higher level, at least at the same level.
The basic direction of the reform of the bus system should be to minimize the total amount of bus use, improve the effectiveness of bus use, and gradually replace the current phenomenon of private use of buses with the method of issuing transportation subsidies, so that public transport vehicles also become leading cadres and administrators. The main means of transportation of the management agency. The core idea is to limit the use of power by leading cadres and government agencies, to surpass the privilege of working in the use of buses, and to be a concrete manifestation of "governing for the people" and a good thing for the benefit of the country and the people. When leading cadres at all levels abandon the privilege of thinking, it is the day when the bus system is thoroughly reformed.
Official vehicles generally refer to various types of vehicles used by party and government organs, social organizations, enterprises and institutions to organize official activities for work, business, reception, etc. As an important part of job consumption, irregular behaviors and corruptions occur during the use of buses. Leaders who misappropriate public funds or even use poverty alleviation to purchase vehicles and private cars are often exposed in the media. This is "corruption on the wheel", and it is strongly reflected. The call for "unfair bus" has become the focus of much attention of the society and has already attracted the attention of the central government. According to the proposal put forward by the representative of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, during the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period, the national purchase of buses cost 72 billion yuan, an annual increase of 27%, greatly exceeding the growth rate of GDP during the same period. In the late 1990s, there were about 3.5 million buses in China, including the staff of the company, which cost about 300 billion yuan, which has become a big burden for the financial industry. As the CPPCC members have called out loud, bus reform is imperative.
The drawbacks of the current official car system are becoming more and more obvious. Various localities and regions at various levels have also made useful attempts to reform the official car system, but they have failed to solve the problem fundamentally. In order to speed up the pace of reform of the official car system in our city, we conducted a survey on the purchase, use and management of buses in the city in recent years, and analyzed in depth the shortcomings of the current official car system, and carefully based on the successful experience of domestic cities. In the above, the specific measures and policy recommendations for the reform of the official car system in our city were put forward for the reference of the leaders in improving the decision-making and the implementation of the bus reform.
First, the basic situation of the official car in our city The current official car system in the city basically follows the supply system. It uses administrative allocation as a means to control by means of planning instructions, from buying a car, car, car to car. At all points, all expenses are paid by the state or collectively with public funds. According to the statistics of the Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection, there are currently 870 official vehicles in the city: 455 vehicles at the municipal level, 265 at the Public Security Bureau, the Procuratorate, the court, the Judicial Bureau, and 150 at the township level. According to the statistics of the municipal editorial committee, I There are 142 drivers in the city and 255 temporary drivers. The total financial expenditure of the Municipal Finance Bureau in 2003 was 1 billion yuan, and the consumption of official vehicles was 69.6 million yuan, accounting for 6.9% of the total fiscal expenditure.
In recent years, the city has strengthened the management of the use and use of official vehicles: it has formulated some policies to standardize management and sunlight operation for the preparation, standardization, and purchase of official vehicles of the party and government organs; The disposition of the use of bus cases for disciplinary violations; some explorations on the reform of the official car system, and some achievements in regulating the use of buses and reducing fiscal expenditures, but the drawbacks of the existing official car system are still very prominent. The problems in the use of buses still exist, especially in the recent cases of private use of buses in the city. The public has a great response, and the people's voices on bus reform are increasingly strong.
Second, the main problems of the current official car system due to the non-standard system, the current problem of official car, the various departments of the country are also similar, for our Ruian City, there are mainly four outstanding issues:
1. The cost of official vehicles is too high and the financial burden is heavy. The bus set is used to perform official duties, but in the process of use, it is often not cost, regardless of the distance of the work, the bus can be used by bus. In addition, individuals who use private buses do not have to pay any fees, do not need to use them, use them, and use them. Why not use them? At the same time, there are loopholes in the supervision and management system, and there are corruptions in bus consumption. Bus repairs are the most "catty" and eating kickbacks is an open secret. In order to retain customers, some auto repair shops use improper means to attract bus drivers to visit their homes frequently, and return the drivers according to a certain percentage of the repair costs. Some drivers give what they need, and some invoice according to the driver's request. The number of units that can be reported, the number of invoices will be opened. Anyway, "the wool is on the sheep", which is borne by the public. The result is that the cost of repairing the bus is greatly increased. There are also "black holes" in the bus. Occasionally, there will be more open and virtual invoicing. In this way, it is not surprising that the running cost of the bus is much higher than other vehicles. According to incomplete statistics, the annual operating cost of a public service vehicle is at least 60,000 yuan, and some even exceed 100,000 yuan. Coupled with the price of a vehicle, the cost of a bus for one year is about 200,000 yuan or more. The image of the people is like "the bottom of the bottom of the bottom." The proportion of local bus consumption in fiscal expenditure is between 6% and 12%, and some places are even higher.
2. The phenomenon of private use of buses is serious, and the bus becomes a symbol of power. Due to the lack of binding force in the system, the private use of buses has been repeatedly banned. The official car has long been a symbol of the status, status and power of the master. Many leading cadres are all one-person car, and they have left the public without a car. Although there are corresponding systems for the use of buses by units or departments, these systems are ineffective, because not only the cost of buses but also the financial expenses, and individuals sometimes enjoy the fare and overtime. Because of this, although the government has made three orders and five applications, the unfairness of buses and the private use of buses have become increasingly fierce. The phenomenon of bus welcoming, bus travel, bus sweeping, bus fishing, and bus picking up children to school have long been commonplace. The Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection and Correctional Affairs Office conducted an annual assault inspection on the holidays to verify the number of buses used in violation of the regulations reached 30 vehicles. A small number of people rely on their rights or convenience in their positions, making the official car almost become their "private car". Even if they are going to work, even a few minutes, they have to take the bus, go to the banquet after work, and go to visit friends and friends. Even the children of their families, the seven aunts and the eight priests have to do private things. According to the survey, in some places, public transport accounts for one-third of the total, cadres account for one-third of private use, and drivers use one-third of private use. The bus is not "public". Some leading cadres are driven by drivers during their working hours, and they drive themselves after work and holidays. Some leading cadres simply drive themselves and let the drivers "rest".
3, bus use efficiency is low, waste is amazing. The data show that the operating cost per 10,000 kilometers of other operating vehicles in the society is about 8,215 yuan, and the running cost of official vehicles of the party and government organs is as high as tens of thousands of yuan. The efficiency of using each taxi is at least 5 times that of the bus, and the operating cost is It is only about 13% of the bus. The low efficiency results in a great waste of natural resources. On the other hand, because the current leaders have relatively fixed vehicles, some have become special vehicles. Because it is a special car for the leader, it is difficult to use the car in other business offices that need to use the car, resulting in idle waste of the bus.
4, the problem of super-preparation of super-standard equipment and the use of cars has been repeatedly prohibited. The current standard of vehicle allocation in our city is based on the provisions of the Municipal Party Committee [1997] No. 121 on the establishment and management of the number of cars equipped by municipal party and government organs. But in reality, super-standard vehicles still exist. According to the investigation by the Municipal Organs Administration Bureau: In 2002, 238 public service vehicles of 61 municipal units in the city were measured according to the existing standards, 19 units that met the standards, 1 unit that did not meet the standard, and 37 units that exceeded the standard. Up to 61%.
Third, the main practice of the official car system reform The reform of the official car system is not only a hot topic in today's society, but also a realistic problem that all levels of agencies have been trying to solve. Since 1998, China's bus reform has entered the "fast lane", and many cities are actively exploring effective ways to reform the shortcomings of the current bus system. From the analysis of the local situation of the first reform, the reform ideas and measures are roughly divided into the following three modes:
Marketization of bus services: First, the implementation of “bus rental”, that is, the centralized concentration of vehicles in the areas where departments and units are relatively concentrated, the establishment of vehicle management service centers, the transformation of the existing bus system of party and government organs into operational entities, and the implementation of simulated market operations. Paid service. Provide paid car service to departments, units and individuals according to the market car rental pricing method. Public servants shall pay transportation subsidies according to the level and position, or carry out the expenses, and pay the fees according to the mileage and models when using the bus. The biggest advantage of this reform method is that it is active and stable, which not only greatly reduces the drawbacks of the original bus system, but also takes care of the current situation that the driving and logistics personnel cannot be resettled.
Tai'an City of Shandong Province established the Vehicle Management Center of the Municipal Direct Administration Bureau in the second half of 2001, stipulating that all departments and units except the one reserved for work vehicles, all the vehicles and drivers are centrally managed by the vehicle management center, unified scheduling, and pricing . The department collects the car tokens according to the standard of 8,000 yuan per car per year, and the over-expenditure does not make up, and the savings are returned to others. In November of that year, 53 party and government organs of Tai'an City moved to the new building, and more than 1,700 civil servants from departmental leaders to general cadres, all of them took the bus pass issued by the Municipal Finance Bureau, and took the special bus opened by the bus company. . At the same time, Tai'an City introduced GPS satellite navigation and positioning system into vehicle management. According to the driving route and location of each vehicle, the command center dispatched vehicles in time around the country, from vehicles to vehicles, to vehicles, to trips, and to fuel consumption. The whole process of billing to problem processing has realized intelligent management. This form of official vehicle has changed the "family-style" and "small but complete" public resource allocation methods and implemented resource sharing.
The second is to implement "private car public." With the development of the social economy, there are more and more private vehicles. There are many staff members. Private vehicles refer to the cadres who are assigned to drive their own vehicles to receive official duties when the official duties are needed. The subsidy standard is to take two buses and tricycles. Calculation. The advantage is that it can effectively solve problems such as difficulty in dispatching vehicles, saving expenses, and improving work efficiency. It can also meet the requirements of reducing the number of buses and facilitating work, and can solve some practical problems for the current official car system.
The Yueqing Municipal Education Bureau has achieved relatively good results since the trial of the private car public system in March 2004. According to the information of the bureau, the average cost of going to the countryside each time in March and April 2003 was 108.57 yuan and 133.54 yuan, respectively. After the trial of private cars, the average of March and April 2004. The cost of going to the countryside is 80.74 yuan and 94.65 yuan respectively. Compared with the same period, the average cost of going to the countryside is 27.83 yuan and 38.89 yuan. The private car is compared with the bus to the countryside. March, April 2004 The cost of private car commuting to the countryside is 64.33 yuan and 54.37 yuan respectively. The cost of taking the bus to the countryside is 110.28 yuan and 123.95 yuan respectively, and the average saving is 45.95 yuan and 69.58 yuan. From the digital position, it can be seen that the private car is public. The funds have been greatly saved. At the same time, compared with the same period, the number of going to the countryside has increased significantly, and the enthusiasm of the cadres to the countryside has increased significantly.
Monetization of bus allocation: cancel or retain a small amount of official vehicles and issue certain transportation subsidies. The monetization of bus allocation means that the “post subsidy” is implemented, that is, the public servants completely cancel the treatment of the bus, and the transportation subsidies are issued according to the level and position, so that the “dark supplement” in the past is “bright supplement”. Compared with "bus rental", "post subsidy" is more in line with the market economy rules of job consumption monetization, and is also in line with international practice. It is a reform measure that fundamentally eliminates the drawbacks of bus. From the current situation, most of the cities that have undergone car modification and will undergo car modification have adopted such methods. The distribution of transportation subsidies is divided into monthly distribution, one-time distribution, and dry use.
1. Disbursement of transportation subsidies on a monthly basis. The city's official vehicles will be monetized, that is, the civil aviation transportation subsidies will be issued in the form of money. The specific approach is: the vehicle is open to the public auction. Leading cadres and drivers can participate in the auction, and leading cadres and drivers can enjoy certain discounts on the auction price. The driver of the administrative and professional establishments is transferred to the post, and the older driver who retire early, the driver who took the car, issued a basic salary of 70% per month within two years. Cadres issue transportation subsidies and distribute transportation subsidies according to their positions and positions. Subsidy standards are approved by each region.
Laohekou City, Hubei Province is a pilot city for the comprehensive reform of job consumption in the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. The practice of bus reform is: vehicles are publicly auctioned to the public. Leading cadres and drivers can participate in the auction, and the driver can enjoy a 20% discount on the auction price. The driver of the administrative and professional establishments is transferred to the post, and the older driver who retire early, the driver who took the car, issued a basic salary of 70% per month within two years. The cadres issued transportation subsidies. The standard is: the farthest township party and government is 800 yuan/month, the farther is 700 yuan/month, the nearest 600 yuan/month, the department's top leader is 600 yuan/month, and the middle is 500 yuan. / month, the lowest 400 yuan / month. The deputy is halved.
The practice of bus reform in township and township institutions in Wuxi is: all towns and towns in the city will auction buses, and distribute transportation subsidies according to their positions and positions. The subsidy standard shall be determined by all districts and counties, but the monthly subsidy amount of the town party committee secretary and the mayor shall not exceed 2,500 yuan as a whole, and other duties shall be decremented in turn.
2. Distribute transportation subsidies at one time. A one-time payment will give the car a certain amount of car purchase subsidy, and the public is responsible for fixed expenses such as vehicle insurance, road maintenance, annual review, etc. Other daily expenses such as gasoline, maintenance, road and bridge, parking, etc. are paid by the individual, and the unit is no longer Issued a transportation subsidy. Generally adopting this reform method is more economically developed regions. The specific method is: one-time subsidy for each vehicle to be purchased, to clarify the individual's right to use the right, the property rights are still owned by the unit, the property rights belong to the individual after the time limit, the public no longer bear any expenses.
The practice in Shatian Town, Dongguan City is: to keep 4 of the existing 14 buses, and the remaining 10 are sold according to the condition of the car, and 30% off to the car, and can be paid in installments. Car buyers pay 5,000 yuan per year and are responsible for reimbursement of petrol expenses. Other expenses are borne by individuals. After this practice, the annual savings will be about 460,000 yuan.
3, the use of transportation funds. If the package is used, it will be used to cover the cost of the vehicle, and it will be overpaid and the savings will be awarded proportionally. This kind of cost subsidy method does not appear in the whole process, avoiding some contradictions, and is also called "quasi-money mode."
The practice of Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province is: on the basis of auctioning the ownership or use rights of the bus, the “total control, sub-shifting” is applied to the official transportation expenses. The township and township leading cadres are responsible for the official vehicle expenses. The main criteria for determining the standard of the contract are to consider three factors: first, the total economic volume and economic strength of the township; second, the distance from the urban area; and third, the position of the leading cadres and the task of being in charge of the work. Wait. The municipal direct authority shall approve the transportation fee according to the number of vehicles and the number of public servants, that is, on the basis of the annual fixed fee of 10,000 yuan per vehicle, the unit type shall be determined to determine the per capita transportation fee quota, and the public, inspection, law, discipline and other law enforcement agencies 800 Yuan / person, other agencies 509 yuan / person, China's small school 89 yuan / person. Official transportation expenses are paid in the form of over-the-counter vouchers, over-spending, and the savings are awarded to individuals at 29%, and the rest are transferred to the next year. For special circumstances, use the car, the cost of buying and selling, but subject to strict approval procedures to control.
Standardization of bus management: Improve the existing official car system, control the purchase, use and maintenance of vehicles, and block loopholes in bus management. In the case that the conditions for the complete abolition of the bus are not yet mature, some regions have strengthened the supervision and management of official vehicles by strictly controlling the purchase of buses, standardizing the use and maintenance of buses, and preparing for the next bus reform.
1. Standardize the vehicle update program Strictly implement the “Regulations on the Preparation and Management of Car-to-Equipment Provisions at the Municipal Party and Government” and the specific review opinions put forward by the State Council in Order No. 307 of 2001, formulate the approval procedures for the purchase of official vehicles, and be responsible for approving vehicle allocation and renewal. All relevant functional departments of the plan must strictly implement the vehicle scrapping standards in strict accordance with the requirements of the regulations; use the permission of the functional departments to adjust the use of vehicles and strictly control the growth of official vehicles. Gradually reduce the number of buses.
2. Establish vehicle management files to carry out unified management of the city's official vehicles, uniformly color all the buses, or uniformly paint the visible signs to facilitate the management and supervision of the bus. It is necessary to set up the functional units of vehicle management, clarify the scope of management functions, introduce modern management modes, establish vehicle files for official vehicles, and accurately grasp the number of vehicles, the actual quantity, the age of purchase, and the use of vehicles of each unit. Strengthen the management of existing vehicles.
3. The use and maintenance of standardized non-standardization of bus use is a prominent problem in current official vehicles. All units and departments should establish a strict bus use system, standardize the use of bus programs; establish a vehicle maintenance service station for the city's official vehicles, stipulate that the city's official vehicles should be uniformly pitted for maintenance, and adopt strict and standardized vehicle maintenance to ensure quality and low price. The place is charged by the city accounting center for accounting. For the vehicle oil, a fixed-point gas station can also be established. The same as the fixed-point maintenance, it is settled by the accounting center. This will not only ensure the quality of repairs, but also save money, facilitate management, and eliminate the corruption of vehicle maintenance.
4. Increase the supervision of vehicles While strengthening the management of vehicles, it is necessary to increase the supervision of official vehicles. The NPC, CPPCC, and auditing departments should give full play to the examination and supervision, and strengthen the official vehicle expenses for government departments. Supervise the use and bus consumption; open a reporting special line to expand the supervision group; the discipline inspection and supervision departments should strengthen the supervision function and increase the disposal of illegal use of buses.
Fourth, the reform of the bus in several aspects that should be paid attention to in the reform of the official car system is imperative. The specific reform method should be determined according to the actual situation of the region and the unit. In the comprehensive analysis and comparison of the various reforms mentioned above, we can take the essence, use it for me, and combine our reality to propose a car reform plan that is both feasible and innovative. But in the reform, we must pay attention to:
1. The reform of the bus monetization should be scientific. The official transportation subsidy standard is determined on the basis of the tasks, nature and official activities undertaken by the job. The formulation of subsidy standards must be reasonable and scientific, and it must be in line with local realities. It is strictly forbidden to use the name of reform to spawn bonuses and allowances. If the subsidy standard is set high, regardless of the level of development of the local economy and the financial capacity, the significance of the reform will be greatly reduced. The scope of the official transportation fee subsidy should be appropriate. It belongs to the category of job consumption, not employee benefits, neither egalitarianism nor excessive disparity. Generally speaking, it is divided into three categories: leading cadres, middle-level cadres and general cadres. The first-line leaders of a region and the first-line leaders of a department, although different in level, are basically in the same subsidy class. At the same time, the operating program should be standardized and needs to be carried out in the sun.
2. The bus reform should prevent “one size fits all”. The bus reform is a complicated project. It is by no means a simple "complete revolution" of "cancelling the bus and substituting subsidies". All localities and units must be treated differently. Certain special official vehicles must be guaranteed. After the car is changed, the agency taxi fleet may be established or a small number of buses may be reserved depending on the situation, so as to ensure the special public service needs of the transportation, reception, and old life. It is necessary to establish a sound and strict management system for the reserved buses to prevent the phenomenon of “taking care of the bus and subsidizing the use of the car”. Under the car reform system introduced by the municipal government, various local departments and departments are allowed to have different relevant policies.
3, beware of the privilege phenomenon, to avoid "virtual change and live fishing." Because "do not engage in 'one size fits all'", leaving a lot of room for self-control for the official car reform. For ordinary civil servants who do not have the right to approve the expenses, it is not only difficult to implement them, but also sure that “virtual” is not where. However, for the leaders who are in power, the most worrying thing is that these people can use their powers to allow themselves or small groups to enjoy benefits such as “traffic subsidies” and to spend money and other means. I continue to enjoy the public expense car for a penny, and become a "virtual change."
4. The reform of official vehicles is a systematic project, and attention should be paid to balanced advancement. If reforms are not carried out from the administrative system, and the reform of job consumption, including bus reform, cannot be completely successful. First, fiscal legalization is implemented. After the fiscal budget legislation, it must be strictly enforced. Violation of the budget is illegal. The reform of the various elements of job consumption should be carried out simultaneously and balanced, and the bus reform cannot be taken out alone. Reform must take place simultaneously across the city and across the industry. Reform must start at the higher level, at least at the same level.
The basic direction of the reform of the bus system should be to minimize the total amount of bus use, improve the effectiveness of bus use, and gradually replace the current phenomenon of private use of buses with the method of issuing transportation subsidies, so that public transport vehicles also become leading cadres and administrators. The main means of transportation of the management agency. The core idea is to limit the use of power by leading cadres and government agencies, to surpass the privilege of working in the use of buses, and to be a concrete manifestation of "governing for the people" and a good thing for the benefit of the country and the people. When leading cadres at all levels abandon the privilege of thinking, it is the day when the bus system is thoroughly reformed.
recommended article
- People who want to buy a car have 44.5% more than one year.
- Party Building Work of the Hubei University of Technology Committee
- Establish a safety demonstration township implementation plan
- County Guan Gong Committee "five old" role research materials (
- Research report on the construction of advanced manufacturing bases
- Laid-off and unemployed workers should renew their basic old-age insurance
- Rural land transfer and peasant income increase in Dazu County
- About the advanced nature education activities of Communist Party members in our district
- Strengthening the adjustment of the lattice management of residential property renovation
- Relying on the advantages of the network to build a broadband community
- Investigation report on the construction of retired cadres' party branches
- Thoughts on Strengthening Computer Management in Grassroots Financial Institutions
popular articles
- Philosophical words 2019
- Hyun dance family impression sentence
- Life motto
- University student part-time center research report
- The status quo and countermeasures of new rural cooperative medical care
- Spring Festival blessing
- * Problems and problems in the county-level collective economy
- What I said to my father 2019
- Space mood phrase
- Research Report on Party Building Work of Municipal and Municipal Agencies
- At the symposium on the construction of the leadership team
- Relieved words
- Good sentence excerpt 2019
- Study on the implementation of the responsibility system for party style and clean government construction
- Analysis of the Status Quo of Talent Team Construction and Countermeasures
- 2014 motivational phrase
- Grateful mother's words
- Blessing phrase
- Investigation report on the situation of landless farmers
- Not afraid of failure
- Research report on the reform of official car system
- Weibo's famous sayings
- Motivate employees
- Legal maxim
- Community research report
- Distressed sentence 2019
- Non-mainstream sentence 2019
- Respect the teacher's famous words
- Encourage words 2019
- Parental love