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Details in the writing of official documents

Details in the writing of official documents For the secretarial staff who often deal with words, mastering the general rules of writing, having the basic ability of various common styles of writing, and grasping the specific details of official writing is our essential quality. Let's briefly talk about some basic common sense in the writing of official documents and several issues that need attention. First, be prepared for "the clever woman is difficult to be without the shackles of the rice". Only when the preparation is sufficient, the drafting of the official documents can only be done with enthusiasm, and the other way, I can only know where to start, "Ten steps and nine turns back", wrote tearing and tearing, Don't be awkward, it's hard to write a "high-rise building, like a broken bamboo" official document. So, what preparations do you need to prepare for drafting a document? First, we must improve the individual's ideological cultivation and knowledge reserve. On the one hand, the correct world outlook, political outlook, moral outlook, artistic view, aesthetic view, historical view, ethical view, and cultural view are crucial to the author's style and quality. The ancients said: "The high-minded people will be far away." The author has established a correct and ambitious ideal. When writing, he can correctly "speak" and achieve profound meaning. On the other hand, "there is a million books in the book, and there is a god in the pen." The author only has a comprehensive reading book, and the knowledge of all aspects can be integrated and applied freely. At the same time, the knowledge required for official document writing must be both Bo and special. If you write economic materials, do not have economic theory as the basis, write the materials for political party construction, and no party theory is the basis, it is impossible to write good materials. Therefore, in normal times, we must strengthen our ideological realm and cultivate our knowledge of cultural science and knowledge in many aspects. Second, we must master leadership intentions and language styles. The so-called "leadership intention" is the purpose and intention of the leader to write a certain official document. If you don't understand the leadership intention before drafting the official document, you can only make your own claim and write a sigh of relief. Therefore, before the official document is written, the leadership intention must be clarified. For the leadership intention, the more specific the better, the better the better. Of course, sometimes the leadership is not so specific and thorough about the leadership intentions. It depends on the mastery of the writers' current concerns about the recent leadership concerns, and it is necessary to give full play to the subjective initiative. With leadership intent, writing has a "shangfang sword" and you know what to write. "Language style" is the style and habit of leading speech. If you don't understand the language style of the leader, the speech is written well, and the leader does not have a common language, and the leader will not appreciate it. This requires the author to attend the meeting often, feel the atmosphere, and master the language style of the leader through various channels. Third, we must study relevant archives and newspapers, and profoundly understand the spirit of the central and higher party committees. The guiding spirit of the central and higher party committees is a guide for the work of party and government organizations at all levels. With this guide in hand, the work can move in the right direction; leaving the guide, you will lose your way and even walk on the ramp. The official writers can only correctly understand the spirit of the central and higher party committees in the official documents, and can ensure the implementation of the guiding spirit of the central and higher party committees in the local area. Therefore, before drafting the official document, we must learn through the recent understanding of the spirit of the central and higher party committees and guide the pulse of the current era. this is very important. Fourth, we must understand the local reality. The task of the party committees at all levels is to do a good job of combining the spirit of the instructions of the central and higher party committees with the local realities. Only by understanding the actual situation in the locality can we combine this article in order to solve problems and solve problems in a targeted manner. To understand the local reality, we must read more information, go deeper, do some research and research, things are constantly evolving and changing, modernization is changing day by day, new situations, new problems, new things are emerging, which requires us to often Knowing the local reality and grasping new things, otherwise, it is easy to make mistakes in "copying, copying, and rumoring", and it is easy to have the drawbacks of "nothing in words, empty words". This is a taboo for official document writing. Fifth, we must take care of all aspects and scientific organization. In the case of encountering large materials or rushing in the provincial and municipal leaders, when one is prepared to report materials, it is necessary to cooperate and work together. The practice method is to adopt the organizational writing method of “consistent-sub-system”, that is, to unify the research writing outline, to write separately, and the last one to draft. There are three problems to be paid attention to in this way: First, according to their respective strengths, the scientific division of labor. Some of the participants are familiar with the industry; some are familiar with agriculture; some are familiar with foreign trade; some are familiar with stability, etc., each has its own characteristics, it is necessary to pay attention to their specialties, who is familiar with which aspects, Which part to write, the division of labor is responsible. Second, the drafter should write according to the outline. If there is a big change, it is necessary to obtain the consent of the master pen to avoid leaving the question; for some details, it can be flexibly mastered. Third, when the main manuscript is drafted, it is necessary to put a good "four customs", that is, "political relations" to see if it conforms to the spirit of the instructions of the central and higher party committees, and whether it conforms to the party's line, principles, and policies; Whether it conforms to the local actual situation; "structure is closed", to see if the structure is reasonable and clear, whether there is any duplication, whether the styles are consistent before and after; "text off" to see if the text is accurate and concise. The adjustment of the adjustment, the deletion of the deletion, the supplement of the supplement. Finally, send the leadership to review and finalize. Second, the layout of the articles and the layout of the article directly affect the expression effect, so after the establishment of the main purpose of the official document, it is necessary to focus on the entire document structure around the subject, considering the organization of the article and the relationship between them The logical connection makes it "the first place to open up, the complexity is simple, the extremes." The basic requirements are complete and coherent, round and round. The so-called integrity means that the structure of the article has a head and tail, the first and the last round, the whole body is integrated, and the coherence is consistent throughout. It is required that the parts and parts of the article, between the pieces and the pieces, and between the preface and the post, should be closely connected, consistent, rigorous and perfect. The second is the dense and dense, and the patchwork. When we arrange the levels and paragraphs, the length should be properly matched, and the density should not be equal. According to the needs expressed by the official document, there should be detailed and sparse, so that the layout of the whole article is dense and dense. In short, it is necessary to have a targeted and reasonable arrangement to make the official documents intricate and comfortable, giving people a feeling of stagnation and rhythm. The third is the ups and downs, twists and turns. "The text looks like the mountain is not happy." The layout of the article should be cautious. The ups and downs and twists and turns of the layout of the article reflect the intricacies and developments of objective things, and at the same time, can satisfy the aesthetic requirements of readers and listeners. However, it must be in conformity with the law. It must be accidental and reasonable. It must be just right for opening and closing, ups and downs, straightening, stretching and so on. Basic content The structure of the article includes both internal structure and external structure. 1. Internal structure. The internal structure of the so-called article is the inherent logical structure of the article's ideas. In the narrative style, it is called "cue"; in the argumentative and rational style, it is called "the context". No matter what style, as long as there is a consistent thinking, a thread of logic, it must have a clue and context. The idea is the basis of clues and contexts; the clues and contexts are the manifestations of ideas. The theme, characters, things, central events, feelings, etc. of the article can be clues. For example, "Necklace" uses the necklace as a clue. "Dream of Red Mansions" is based on the tragedy of love, and the clues invisibly shuttle the characters of the full text. Events and scenery constitute a rigorous artistic whole. As a party committee, the official documents we usually deal with are mainly literary styles, basically following the vein form of "propose a problem - analyze the problem - solve the problem". It must be organized, thorough and rigorous, namely: Distinguish the order, express the thoughts in an orderly manner; logically conform to the people's thinking form, make the article flow smoothly; the thoughts are fine and thorough, there is no gap, no loopholes. 2. External structure. The so-called external structure is the external form of the article. Its main contents include: First, levels and paragraphs. Level refers to the order in which the content of each part of the article is expressed. It focuses on the division of the content of the thought. The paragraph is the basic unit naturally formed when writing, and it focuses on the need of written expression. Levels and paragraphs are both different and related: the level focuses on the division of the content of the thought, and the paragraph focuses on the need for the expression of words; in general, the level is greater than the paragraph, that is, several paragraphs express a level, but sometimes the division of the paragraph is just right. Consistent with the level, the two are equal; the hierarchical arrangement has total score, side-by-side, progressive and contrast, which is determined according to the author's thoughts or clues. The paragraph division emphasizes concentration, completeness and symmetry. The second is transition and care. Transition and anaphora are an important structural means to make the content of the article coherent. The transition plays a role in the article, which makes the two levels and paragraphs that are related in succession consistent and consistent. The anaphora is the response of the content before and after the article, which can make the structure rigorous and coherent. The third is the beginning and the end. The ancient language "speaks like a firecracker, the sound is easy to break, and the sentence is like a bell, and there is more than a clear voice." So "the tiger head and the tail" are half of the good articles. Of course, how to start and end should start from the article as a whole. Conducive to the expression of the theme and the harmony of the various parts of the text. At the beginning of the official document, use the opening part of the question: open the door and see the mountain, start the sentence, and directly reveal the main theme, such as "Back", "I haven't seen my father for more than two years, and I can't forget his back". First, tempting, starting beautiful, touching the center, full of charm, let people fall in love at first sight, such as Du Mu's "Afang Palace Fu", "six kings, four seas. 蜀山兀, 阿房出"; falling into the title, explaining the reason, explaining the author The reason for writing; at the beginning, always say, take the full text, first reveal the center of the article, and then divide it. There are generally two ways to end official documents, especially leading speeches: to clarify the main theme, to end the topic; to look to the future, to encourage fighting spirit, to present hope to people, to issue a call, to point out directions, and to encourage people to work hard to achieve it. How to find a layout to exercise ideas. The layout of the article is the manifestation of the idea. Therefore, we must improve the ability to plan the layout of the article. It is essential to seriously train the train of thought and strengthen the logical and rational training of thinking activities. Mao Zedong once said: "When writing an article, we must talk about logic. We must pay attention to the whole article and the structure of the whole speech. There must be a relationship between the beginning, the middle, and the tail. There must be an internal connection, not to conflict with each other." Thinking, the article's layout of the article is well-informed, and then writing, in order to write a rigorous structure, logical, and strong articles. To outline the outline, or to play the draft. This is an important process in drafting a document. Writing a manuscript according to the outline has many advantages: it can help you organize the material; it can make you think the problem is more thoughtful; lest you write and think, write hard. The outline must be based on mastering the leadership intentions and thoroughly understanding the "two heads". The more detailed the outline is, the better, not to list the big questions, but also to list small topics, even the meaning of each layer in each small topic, which layer is placed in which topic, should also be considered. For shorter brief documents, you can skip the outline, but you must make a good draft. If you do not necessarily form a text, you must understand the manuscript of the manuscript. With a good outline or a good draft, the article is half done, and drafting a document will be handy. Third, the tempering of the language is accurate, concise, clear, and easy to understand is the basic requirement of the official language. accurate. Official documents represent the voices and opinions of the leading organs or leading collectives. They are inaccurate, ambiguous, and ambiguous. The standards of implementation are not well understood and are not well implemented. concise. Comrade Mao Zedong said: "The words should be short, so that they can be read in an instant; they must be super-political, so that they can see an impression." The official document must be brief and brief, especially the leadership speech must pay attention to the use of short sentences, avoid using long Sentences, don't use too much modification, you can understand the meaning. Bright. Official documents cannot be as concealed and concealed as literary works. They are hidden and unclear, and they are not ambiguous. Their intentions are unclear. It requires clear and clear understanding. Whatever or against, what is advocated or prohibited, affirmed or denied, it must be very The exact expression and explanation will make people understand and understand at a glance. Easy to understand. Official documents must be simple and easy to understand. Short and lack of meaning can only make people unable to understand. Therefore, writing official documents can not be sensational; can not use those rhetoric that are not easy to understand; can not use the language that they have created; can not have "student cavity", "literary cavity"; do not talk about the empty "national language", more practical In the "local words", use the language of the people. Fourth, the daily official document writing needs to pay attention to several details 1. The title of official document writing The title is actually the title of the official document, which is the concentrated expression of the logical structure of the viewpoint and the official document. According to the size of the hierarchy, the title can be divided into a headline, a subtitle, a first-level heading, a second-level heading, and the like. The establishment of the title should be specifically established according to the central idea and level requirements of the official document. The title and title of an article should be clearly defined, logically prohibited, and mutually compliant. The title of the official document requires not only the meaning of the text, the meaning of the layer, the meaning of the paragraph, but also the digression, the partiality and the cover, and the succinct and concise language. Some official documents, such as the language of the speech, must reflect the emotional color and style requirements of the leading comrades. In official document writing, sometimes the content of official documents is more. People seem to sound, and there are not many contents that leave impressions. Most of the articles that are recorded and left are the titles of the articles and the titles, so the documents are good. The title or title group can be fascinating and can do more with less. 2, the view of official document writing The key to good official documents is to have new ideas and ideas, step by step, facing the gourd painting, can not reflect the personal point of view is not a good document. Therefore, writers of official documents must thoroughly understand the policies of the higher levels through regular study of party and government theories and relevant professional knowledge, often investigate and study the local realities, and combine their in-depth thinking to improve their "savvy", both inside and outside, although Not a leader, but think more from the perspective of leadership. At the same time, when writing, pay attention to work-centered, thought-based as a link, and organically link multiple viewpoints and viewpoints, so that the primary and secondary are in place, orderly, both front and back, and patchwork. 3, the application of data and charts in official document writing In the official document writing, the application of data is a universal, regular thing, it is the quantification of things, playing an important role

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Role: On the one hand, from the literal point of view, "number" and "according" as the name suggests is the basis of the number, justified, as long as there is a basis, the truth of the matter can be understood, the data full of information plays a role of explanation, readers from the data In the middle, we can clearly understand the development of things and make them clear; on the other hand, applying data to explain the affairs can make the readers feel real, and the data is obtained through statistics and has the characteristics of authenticity. The application of the chart is relatively limited. It is limited to the "see" document and requires the reader to have certain professional knowledge, but it is more intuitive, stereoscopic, dynamic and advantageous. It is suitable for reporting and signing articles. , investigation report and other styles. The role of data and charts determines the source, choice, and application of certain standards. Pay attention to the following points: First, the authority of the source. Generally speaking, the data should be based on the statistical bureau, and the tax data is based on the national tax. Land tax is the main one. If there is no statistical bureau, there are departmental and township data, mainly based on the department. If the individual is not sure, let the leader decide. Second, the data application should be unified. The material data of different materials, such as party committees and governments, should be consistent. The same material cannot be inconsistent or inconsistent. Third, the data should be scientifically analyzed. Especially in the case that there is no authoritative data to refer to, it must be scientifically analyzed before it can be applied. The addition and subtraction of individual data cannot exceed the sum and difference data. Fourth, the application of the chart must be standardized, and the correctness can be verified by professionals. 4, the choice of data, language, trade-offs in the revision process. For the first draft, it must be revised, through careful thinking, according to the nature of the official document, language tempering, to see which materials can be removed, which must be retained, which expression is more subtle and in line with the leadership language style. For the cited materials, the key is to grasp one point: take the doctrine, take the "useful" principle, absorb its essence, and go to its dross. A simple citation, no doubt a patch of a flower in a single color, the patch is good, but it affects the overall harmony. Therefore, the materials to be borrowed must be carefully reformed. According to the main purpose of the document and the logical structure of the article, the referenced materials are reworked, combined with the actual situation, and unified with the overall logical structure, language and tone of the official documents. Seamless, icing on the cake. 5, paperless office still do not move with the popularity of computers, the development of e-government, paperless office has become the trend of office development, but the pen is still indispensable. From a health point of view, sitting in front of the computer for a long time, will undoubtedly cause great harm to the health of the eyes and body, and need to use a pen. Considering the degree of thinking, the author's energy is more concentrated when writing, and the depth and breadth of thinking are deeper and wider. Sitting in front of the screen for a long time is prone to fatigue and distracting energy.

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