Facing the status quo, scientific regulation and control, realizing the sustainable use of water resources in our district

Water is the source of life. The survival of human beings, the national economy, and the development of all undertakings are inseparable from water. Water is also one of the important resources that cannot be replaced by other substances, and its status quo is of concern to the world. The theme of World Environment Day 2003 is “Water – the life of 2 billion people”, reminding the public of the grim reality of the 2 billion people in the world suffering from severe water shortages, calling for human attention to the growing water crisis. As a water-deficient area in our district, water resources are a major bottleneck for current and future impacts and constraints. We must stand at the strategic height of sustainable economic and social development, better develop and utilize limited water resources, strive to achieve sustainable use of water resources, and achieve social, economic, and ecological benefits.

First, the basic status of water resources in our district

In recent years, the annual average water resources in our district is 158.46 million cubic meters, including surface water runoff of 77.95 million cubic meters, groundwater resources of 99.67 million cubic meters, and per capita annual water resources of 306 cubic meters, which is the least in counties of Tangshan City. It is about 1/7 of the national average. It is a severely water-deficient county.

The total annual average water resources available in the region is 40.163 million cubic meters, including atmospheric rainfall of 66.5 million cubic meters, inbound sewage of 70.28 million cubic meters, external water transfer of 150 million cubic meters, shallow groundwater of 90.97 million cubic meters, deep groundwater. 17.08 million cubic meters. There are five backbone drainage channels, such as Xiaobianmen River and Heiyanzi Drainage, Shahe, Douhe, Xipaigan and Jintang Canal, and 25 tributary channels; there are two irrigation districts, steep river and groundwater. The Douhe Irrigation District is dominated by surface water. The total main canal is 11.26 kilometers long, with nine main canals, a total length of 101.75 kilometers, 150 branch channels, 380 kilometers of water lifting capacity, and a total installed capacity of 15,800 kilowatts. The water capacity is 202.2m3/s; in the groundwater irrigation area, there are 9879 eyes of organic wells in the whole area, including 8008 eyes for agricultural irrigation, 913 eyes for industrial wells, 266 eyes for administrative institutions, and 800 eyes for rural drinking wells.

In 2003, the total water consumption of the district was 495.86 million cubic meters, including 227.79 million cubic meters of surface water and 223.07 million cubic meters of groundwater. From the perspective of water resources development and utilization in our district, there are mainly the following problems:

The water resources are congenitally insufficient and the distribution of time and space is uneven. Our district is not only a serious water-deficient area, but also the time and space distribution of precipitation is extremely uneven, 80% concentrated in the flood season, limited storage capacity, and some have to be discharged into the Bohai Sea. The rainfall in the abundance and dry years is quite different. The rainfall in the wet years is 1140 mm, which is 3.9 times that of the dry year. The difference between the north and the south is larger, and the northern region is 50-60 mm more than the southern region.

The pollution is serious and the water environment quality is poor. Due to the unreasonable discharge of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage, the large-scale application of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and sewage watering, the surface water and groundwater are polluted to varying degrees. There are different levels of pollution in the main rivers in the region, and the water pollution is becoming more and more serious. Although the intensity of governance has increased in recent years, pollution has not yet been fundamentally contained.

The groundwater is over-exploited and the funnel area is expanding. Due to years of persistent drought and the rapid development of industry and agriculture, on the one hand, surface water is seriously deficient, agriculture has increased the exploitation of groundwater; on the other hand, with the completion of high-water consumption projects such as steel, the use of groundwater has increased, and these The project is relatively concentrated, resulting in local groundwater over-exploitation, forming a groundwater level drop funnel. In recent years, the groundwater level in our district has dropped at a rate of nearly 2 meters per year. The total area of ​​the funnel has reached 895 square kilometers, accounting for 57% of the total land area of ​​the region.

The awareness of water saving is weak and the effective use of water is low. The penetration rate of urban domestic water-saving appliances is low. Water-saving management measures such as public utilities, administrative institutions, schools, and organizations are not in place, and long-flowing water still exists, and the recycling rate is almost zero. Industrial water use, the recycling rate is generally low, the industry average of less than 60%, and there are phenomena of running, running, dripping and leaking. Agricultural water use, water-saving area only accounts for 36.7% of the area of ​​irrigated land, most of the farmland is still using the traditional flood irrigation method. In terms of life, running, running, dripping, and leaking often occur, and the leakage rate of the pipe network is high.

The water price is low and the water resource fee is low. At present, the living water resource fee standard for party and government organs, hospitals, schools and other administrative units in our district is 0.30 yuan/m3, and the water resource fee for industrial, bathing and meal drinking water is 0.60 yuan/m3, which is far lower than the equivalent conditions of Jinan, Shandong. The fees are charged, and the water resources for residents' living water are not yet levied. Agricultural water prices are also low, only 0.10 yuan / m3, not reaching the cost of water. As the price of water deviates from the value, the water price adjustment function is low and the economic leverage is not fully released. It not only directly affects the survival and development of water supply units, but also affects the input and output benefits of water conservancy funds; it not only leads to low water resource utilization and serious waste, but also affects the maintenance, maintenance and renovation of water conservancy projects, affecting the project. The effectiveness of the play.

Management is weak. The water use system has not yet been implemented. The practice of sinking wells and taking water without approval has occurred from time to time. The order of water intake needs to be further regulated. The water law enforcement supervision and inspection has not been carried out, and the water users are not effectively supervised, resulting in illegal water collection and timely detection and treatment. The water resource fee has not yet been levied in full and on a standard basis, and is mostly negotiated.

Second, the countermeasures to promote the sustainable use of water resources in our district

Judging from the current situation, it is difficult to fundamentally reverse the situation of water shortage in our district. Comprehensive use of administrative, economic, legal and other means to achieve effective allocation of resources through demand management, supply management and price mechanism, to promote the whole society to save water, rational and efficient water use, reduce water pollution, increase water reuse, is to achieve water The only option for sustainable use of resources and addressing water shortages.

Do a good job in propaganda, strengthen awareness of water conservation, and strive to build a water-saving society

On the issue of saving water resources and building a water-saving society, people's water-saving awareness and water-saving habits are important social capital for water conservation. If we improve and improve the transportation and water equipment so that production and domestic water are operated in a system centered on conservation and recycling, it is the hardware of building a water-saving society. Then, the awareness of water conservation for all people is software. Hardware is important, but software is the key. Therefore, through various effective publicity methods, all levels of society can fully realize that water is the lifeblood of industry, the blood of agriculture is an important resource for service industry and urban construction; water and people's life, social stability, urban and rural economy Development is closely related; protecting water resources is a matter of concern for everyone's vital interests, and it is in the contemporary and beneficial to the children. To change the water is "inexhaustible, inexhaustible", is the old concept of "up and down, underground flow", strengthen the people's awareness of water conservation and commodity water awareness, recognizing that the state has property rights to water resources, any unit and Individuals should use water resources to pay reasonable expenses; timely delivery of correct water price information, so that water conservation becomes conscious action. At the same time, it is necessary to form who develops, who protects; who pollutes, who governs; who causes harm, who is responsible for compensation management mechanism, forming a good atmosphere of water, water and water protection in the whole society.

Implement mandatory water conservation and develop effective policy measures for water resources protection

1. Coordinated management. In view of the current problems of water resources development and utilization, water resources should be taken as a whole, and unified planning, unified scheduling, unified development and protection should be implemented regardless of surface water and groundwater. First, according to the “10th Five-Year Plan” and the 2019 Vision Plan, formulate water resources development and utilization plans, optimize the surface water and groundwater, and realize the efficient use of water resources. The second is to improve the flood control scheduling plan. Formulate a reasonable flood prevention plan and flood dispatching plan, comprehensively apply various measures to ensure the flood control safety within the standard, reduce the flood loss to the minimum when the standard flood is exceeded, and reduce the flood damage through storage, discharge, stagnation, introduction and compensation to achieve flood resource utilization. The third is to conscientiously implement the water resources management overall plan that has been determined to use surface water in the canal irrigation area, groundwater to protect life and industry, and shallow irrigation groundwater in the well irrigation area to control the construction and exploitation of deep wells. The mining area strictly controls the construction of the well and the increase of water consumption. The fourth is to strictly implement the water abstraction permit system and the water resources demonstration system of the construction project. Plan ahead for the use of water in industrial communities and enterprises, strictly control the exploitation of groundwater, and ensure the use of water for construction projects. Strengthen the construction of measurement facilities, install smart IC card water meters for non-agricultural wells, and ensure that the first-class loading rate reaches 100%. The fifth is to promote the reform of the water management system and realize the integrated management of water affairs. Judging from the current situation, the degree of reform is not compatible with the development of the situation. There is still a phenomenon of no matter whether it is water supply or water supply, regardless of water supply or pipe water discharge, regardless of pollution control or pollution control. This management system is not conducive to the optimal allocation of water resources, which is not conducive to the conservation of water resources and the waste of water resources. To realize the integrated management of water affairs in the true sense, it is necessary to establish a unified management system for surface water and groundwater, urban and rural water resources, water quantity and water quality, and realize new management of water supply, water distribution, water conservation, sewage treatment and reuse. The mechanism effectively manages the whole process of water use, comprehensively considers the water quality and quantity, scientifically dispatches, realizes the coordinated management and scientific combination of ownership, use rights and management rights, and provides institutional guarantee for the sustainable use of water resources.

2. Rational use. In the urban productivity layout and industrial structure adjustment, full consideration should be given to the carrying capacity of water resources and water environment, and the development of water and water regulation. That is to say: we must consider the needs of contemporary development, but also consider the needs of future development, explore a water-saving economic structure that conforms to the actual situation of our region, and must not satisfy the needs of the present at the expense of the interests of future generations. First, in terms of agricultural water use. Taking the development of water-saving agriculture as a strategic measure to achieve sustainable development, relying on science and technology, focusing on adjusting the agricultural structure, developing both water-saving irrigation and dry farming, vigorously building modern agricultural water-saving facilities and promoting the comprehensive development of water-saving agriculture. Realize the transition from traditional extensive irrigated agriculture and dryland rainfed agriculture to water efficient and efficient modern irrigated agriculture. The second is in industrial water. Adhere to the principle of “reconstructing stocks and controlling optimal increments”, highlighting the water conservation work of large water users in the metallurgical industry, and achieving a benign circulation of industrial water, and the reuse rate of water strives to reach more than 80%. Strengthen the use of water for planning, scientifically release water use indicators, and make the water use rate of the project reach over 96%. Strengthen scientific and technological research on water conservation, and use process water conservation as the main direction of water-saving technical transformation work, continuously introduce and promote new water-saving technologies and new equipment, and reduce water consumption. It is necessary to vigorously adjust industries with large water consumption, low water use efficiency and serious water pollution. Focus on the technical transformation of high-water consumption industries such as metallurgy, papermaking, electric power and textile. The third is to rationally develop and utilize groundwater, and to optimize the allocation of water resources, and gradually achieve the balance of recovery. Fourth, in the urban domestic water use, vigorously promote water conservation, raise citizens' awareness of water conservation, and make water conservation a conscious action of the whole society. Vigorously develop and promote the use of water-saving facilities and water-saving appliances, and continuously increase the penetration rate of water-saving facilities and appliances, so that the popularization rate of newly-added residents' communities and institutions, schools, hospitals, and restaurants will reach 100%, and urban parks and other green facilities will be installed. Efficient water-saving irrigation facilities. The fifth is to improve the rural water supply situation and ensure the safety of drinking water for rural people and animals. Accelerate the solution to the problem of draught caused by living conditions and drought and water shortage in rural areas, and realize the tap water hydration as soon as possible to completely solve the problem of rural human and animal water use. Sixth, do a good job in dynamic monitoring of water environment to achieve scientific scientific dispatch of sewage. Strengthen supervision and management, coordinate relevant departments, and urge enterprises to improve water reuse and sewage treatment capacity, achieve wastewater discharge standards, and effectively control surface water pollution. Accelerate the construction of sewage treatment plants in our district and put them into use as soon as possible. Strictly control the quality of wells, prevent pollution of groundwater, and take effective measures to control existing pollution and reduce pollution hazards.

3. Raise the price at the right time. Experience has shown that when water prices double in growth, their water consumption will be greatly reduced. When the price of recycled water and the price of tap water are reasonable, it can improve people's consciousness of using recycled water instead of natural water and tap water. Therefore, raising water price is the most effective means to achieve optimal allocation of water resources, and it is also an effective measure to improve water reuse. However, the increase in water prices should be gradually implemented in a phased and timely manner on the premise of increasing incomes of urban and rural residents. For the issue of agricultural water charges and price increases, due to many problems, deep levels, difficulties, and strong policies, relevant departments should conduct special investigations to formulate charging policies that are consistent with the actual affordability of rural areas, agriculture, and farmers, and find suitable opportunities. Raise the price. Through sufficient research and demonstration, the price of water resources fees will be adjusted, and the goal set by the Provincial Water Resources Department to reach 80% of the price of tap water supply by 2005 will be achieved, and finally the goal of balancing the supply and demand of water resources and sustainable use through price leverage will be achieved.

Strengthen law enforcement and provide comprehensive supporting services for water resources protection

On the one hand, we will increase the enforcement of water administration and ensure the sustainable use of water resources through legal means. The relevant departments of towns and towns and districts shall take full responsibility for the protection of water resources, conscientiously implement the Water Law and the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, and actively implement the water resources protection and water pollution prevention and control plan in our district, for urban areas and rural areas. Water quantity and water quality, surface water and groundwater, water supply and water demand, water use and pollution prevention are uniformly supervised and managed. Promote the standardization and legalization of urban water supply prices and sewage treatment charges, so that the urban water supply and sewage treatment business can achieve a benign circle. Increase the penalties, and cooperate with the judicial authorities to impose heavy penalties on water violations. On the other hand, to play the role of the supervisory function of the district water administration monitoring team, to supervise and inspect the water users in phases, and to change the passive law enforcement as an active service, especially for the service industry, which is almost all-weather, such as bathing and car washing. To promote effective water saving measures.

Vigorously conserve water sources and create conditions for sustainable use of water resources

While pursuing the rapid growth of GDP, we must attach great importance to the loss of natural resources and the loss of ecological environment. Otherwise, there may be a phenomenon of “hollowing resources” with serious consequences. Therefore, we should adhere to the principle of ecological construction first, and unremittingly engage in the construction of water conservancy infrastructure; rely on scientific and technological innovation and institutional research to develop and utilize unconventional water resources such as wastewater reuse, rainwater resources, brackish water and seawater. The utilization rate of water resources increases the production capacity per unit of water. Reasonable and full use of natural water, surface water and groundwater resources, so that the three waters can be used together, according to the principle of “first live, then produce, first surface, then underground, first water, then water”, effectively conserve groundwater resources. A benign operating system that strives to achieve sustainable use of water resources in recycling and self-improvement. At the same time, strengthen the long-term dynamic monitoring of water resources. Establish and improve water resources management files, and accurately understand the total amount of water resources and the law of change. According to the water storage and availability of the upstream reservoir and the rain, sensation, water storage and water quality of the whole district, water resources dynamic briefings will be issued regularly to guide workers, agricultural production and people's living water, so as to ensure the sustainable development of our economy and society.