Summary of plague monitoring work in CDC

Plague is a natural epidemic disease caused by Yersinia pestis, which is seriously endangering human health. It has rapid onset, rapid spread, high mortality and strong contagiousness. It is a Class A infection prescribed by the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases. disease. In 1941, the city was attacked by the Japanese imperialist plague bacteriological warfare, causing a large number of deaths and the spread of plague in rats. In 1990 and 1991, the city applied radioimmunoassay and was detected from the serum of three Rattus norvegicus. Plague f1 antibody. In order to grasp the epidemic situation in our city and strictly prevent the resurgence of plague history and the introduction of plague, we carried out plague surveillance in 2019 according to the Hunan Province 2010 Plague Monitoring Implementation Plan and the Hunan Provincial Plague Monitoring Target Management Evaluation Plan. Work, the monitoring work is summarized as follows:

I. Organization and implementation of monitoring work

Monitoring work deployment and training

1. Improve the monitoring team and formulate work plans

The center has leaders in charge of this work, and the Department of Vascular Diseases and Inspections is responsible for the specific implementation. In February 2019, the plague monitoring work plan was formulated.

2. Hold a work meeting and develop a monitoring plan

In order to fully implement the plague monitoring work and ensure the completion of the monitoring work, according to the “Hunan Province 2010 Plague Monitoring Implementation Plan”, the Center has formulated the “Changde City 2019 plague monitoring implementation plan”.

3. Actively participate in and hold various plague prevention knowledge training

Participate in the training and conference of superior plague prevention and treatment

On April 20, 12019, he participated in the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention's work on prevention and control of key infectious diseases;

On August 27-28, 22019, the director of the center attended the "19th China Southern Plague Joint Prevention Work Conference" held by the Provincial Health Department.

Organize knowledge training and conferences on plague

On April 29-30, the center convened the city's disease control business work conference, and arranged the deployment of key diseases such as plague; in early June, the center organized experts to sponsor the anti-protection personnel and the local people's plague in the Shigongqiao Town Center Health Center . Knowledge training meeting, training knowledge includes rat prevention and treatment, disinfection protection isolation, prevention and control, epidemic report, etc., and emphasized the prevention of plague prevention, "three reports, three no", early detection, early reporting, early isolation of plague epidemics, Early treatment has played a very positive role.

Use and management of monitoring funds

In 2019, the special fund for plague surveillance transferred by the central government has been allocated 102,000 yuan, and the municipal government allocated 20,000 yuan. The center is strictly in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health , the Ministry of Finance, the Provincial Health Department and the Provincial Department of Finance. The normal operation of monitoring work is guaranteed.

Second, monitoring content

Human plague monitoring

1. Monitoring range:

The village is within the range of 5 to 10km from the center of Shigongqiao Town, Dingcheng District.

2, monitoring tasks

Do a good job in the promotion of plague prevention and control knowledge, strictly implement the epidemic reporting system, and implement the “three reports” system of the rat situation, that is, timely report on suspected plague patients, acute death patients and large numbers of dead rats with unknown causes.

Serological monitoring of normal population: 200 normal human serum samples were collected within the monitoring range from June to September.

Animal plague surveillance

1. Monitoring time: from the beginning of June to September.

2. Monitoring range: The center of Shigongqiao Town, Dingcheng City, with a radius of 5km and the village, found positive materials, with a positive point of 5km.

3, mouse quantity monitoring

Domestic rodents and quantity: 100 rooms with 50 households are selected in each monitoring month of Shigongqiao Town, Dingcheng District. Each room has a cage at night, with fritters as bait, and is continuously laid for 3 days, 4 At least 1,200 cages per month. If the rats are found to be sent to the laboratory in time, the capture rate is calculated and the mouse species are identified.

Type and quantity of voles: 1 to 2 representative habitats for each monitoring month in Shigongqiao Town, Dingcheng District, 100 cages for each habitat, with baits as bait, for 3 days, 4 months at least 1200 Cage times, calculate the capture rate. Specimens were prepared for animals such as captured rodents. Depending on the type of animal, 1-2 specimens are made for each animal, and new specimens are newly produced each year.

4. Media insect monitoring

Rat body sputum: The captured live mice are only bagged, combed after ether anesthesia, at least 30 households and voles every month, at least 120 in 4 months. The average body index and the dyeing rate were calculated. The combo sputum is classified and identified, and the slide specimens are made according to the types, at least 2 specimens are produced for each type, and new scorpion specimens are found later.

5, serological monitoring

All the captured mice were bled and separated and stored in serum.

Third, the monitoring results

Human plague monitoring

1. According to local conditions, various forms of plague prevention and control health education are widely carried out. At the beginning of June, the center organized experts to hold anti-insurance personnel and local people training conferences in Shigongqiao Town, and distributed 3,500 plague brochures and 6000 leaflets to the local people.

2. Serological testing of healthy people

In 2019, a total of 202 healthy human serum samples were collected, and the plague indirect hemagglutination test was used to detect the plague f1 antibody negative. The age, sex and occupational distribution are shown in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.

Table 1 Serum plague antibody detection age and gender distribution table in healthy population

gender

age

Positive

0-15

15-50

>50

total

male

105

Female

total

202

Table 2 Occupational distribution table of serum plague antibody detection in healthy people

gender

Career

Positive

Farmer

student

teacher

total

male

105

Female

total

130

202

Animal plague surveillance

1. Monitor the basic situation of the county:

Monitoring county name: Dingcheng District, Changde City, population: 851.39 million, total area: 2451 square kilometers, mainly in agricultural production. The climate is warm and the four seasons are distinct, with an average temperature of 20 °C. Name of monitoring point: Shigongqiao Town, Dingcheng District, Changde City, with a total area of 58.61 square kilometers.

2. Rat density and rat species composition

From June to September, a total of 2,400 cages of squirrel cages were placed, and a total of 128 rats were collected. The total catch rate was 5.33%. The dominant species were mainly brown rat, followed by Mus musculus and yellow-chest. Among them, 1200 cages were housed in cages, 83 rats were trapped, and the density of mice was 6.92%. The dominant species was brown rat, followed by Mus musculus and yellow-chest. There were 1200 cages in the field, 45 rats were trapped, and the density of rats was 3.75%. The dominant species were also Rattus norvegicus, followed by Mus musculus, see Table 1.

Table 3 Density and species of host animals in Dingcheng District, Changde City, Hunan Province, 2019

Monitoring points

Habitat

Cloth cage

Mousetrap

Mousetrap rate

classification

Rattus norvegicus

Mus musculus

Yellow-breasted rat

Shigongqiao Town

indoor

1200

6.92

twenty one

field

1200

3.75

total

2400

128

5.33

104

twenty three

In June-September 2019, 600 cages were basketed each month, and the mousetrapping rates were 5.50%, 6.60%, 4.83%, and 5.00%, respectively. The host animal density and classification survey at the monitoring site were shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Monthly Statistics of Host Animal Density and Species at the Plague Monitoring Site in Dingcheng District, Changde City, Hunan Province, 2019

Monitoring points

month

Cloth cage

Mousetrap

Mousetrap rate

classification

Rattus norvegicus

Mus musculus

Yellow-breasted rat

Shigongqiao Town

600

5.50

600

6.00

600

4.83

600

5.00

total

2400

128

5.33

104

twenty three

3, animal serological testing

In 2019, a total of 128 rats were collected, and 128 serum samples were collected. The plague f1 antibody was detected by plaque microindirect hemagglutination test, and the results were all negative.

4, rodent specimen production

Specimens were made on the captured rodents. According to the existing species of local rats, at least one specimen was prepared for each mouse. Three rodent specimens were produced this year, including: brown rat, yellow-breasted, and musculus. One.

5, vector insect monitoring results

Rat body sputum: The captured live rodents are only bagged, combed after ether anesthesia, at least 30 households and voles are combed every month, 128 are combed in 4 months, and 3 fleas are captured. The average index of the rat body is 0.01, the dyeing rate was 2.34%, and 3 flea specimens were made.

6. Use of plague prevention and management information system

The center clarifies that a professional is responsible for the entry of the plague prevention and management information system, and carries out the work according to the “Hunan Province Plague Control Information System Data Entry Requirements Specification”. At the beginning of each year, the basic information of the business personnel involved in the plague prevention and control work at the same level is entered at the beginning of each year. Or update. The information of the monitoring points was maintained. Timely upload annual monitoring work plan, summary and input monitoring data.

Fourth, analysis and discussion

In 2019, we carefully organized the plague monitoring work according to the "Hunan Province plague monitoring implementation plan" and the "Hunan Province plague monitoring work target management evaluation program". From June to September, in the monitoring point Dingcheng Shigongqiao Town The cage was 2400 cages and 128 mice were trapped. The catch rate was 5.33%. Among them, 83 were trapped indoors, the catch rate was 6.92%, and 45 were outdoor traps. The catch rate was 3.75%. Among the 128, the total number of Rattus norvegicus was 114, accounting for 81.25%; 23 of Mus musculus, accounting for 17.79%; and 1 of yellow-chest rats, accounting for 0.78%. 202 healthy volunteers were collected. The plague micro indirect hemagglutination test was used, and 128 samples of mouse serum and 202 normal human serum plague f1 antibodies were all negative.

In recent years, although the plague monitoring in our city has not detected a positive result, the natural foci of plague still exists, and the threat of plague to human beings is becoming more and more serious. To protect the health of the people and ensure social stability, we must fully understand the plague monitoring work. Long-term and importance must be carried out in a comprehensive and systematic monitoring of plague. In the next step, we must focus on the following tasks:

1. Strengthen training to further improve the quality of personnel and the level of plague monitoring and keep the team stable.

2. Improve the ability to detect, investigate and dispose of human plague cases and improve the emergency response capability of human plague.

3. Strengthen the publicity of plague prevention and control knowledge, and strictly implement the "three reports" system of the rat situation.

4. Carefully study the “Specifications for Data Entry Requirements for the Management Information System of Plague Prevention and Control in Hunan Province” to improve the application level of the plague prevention and control information system.

Summary of plague monitoring work in CDC

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