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Foreign pension development study materials


Whether you are walking on the road, taking a bus, or visiting a hospital, supermarket shopping, or park fitness, you will find more and more elderly people around us. It is understood that the number of elderly people over the age of 60 in China has reached 143 million, accounting for 11% of the total population; the number of elderly people over 60 years old in Suzhou has reached 1.06 million, accounting for 18% of the total population; these figures show that: with the economy With the rapid development, China has entered the age of aging in the 21st century. How to inherit and carry forward the outstanding traditional virtues of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, to respect the elderly and support the elderly, and to do a good job in serving the elderly is a matter of great concern to governments at all levels. As a practitioner who has been engaged in urban work and community building for many years, this is also a topic that I always pay attention to society and pay attention to.
In May of this year, I had the opportunity to participate in the special training course for community building in the country organized by the Organization Department of the Municipal Party Committee. Although the time of the nine days was short, the courses and contents of the study were also more. After attending lectures, special introductions and field trips, I visited. Urban Renewal Authority and Housing Development Board, Police Headquarters, Jalan Besha Town Council, Toa Payoh Town Centre, Geylang Comprehensive Clinic, Ang Mo Kio Community Neighborhood Police Station, Little India Community, Leap Family Service Centre After the Yi'an Industrial Company and the East People's Community Liaison Office, I have all the basic national conditions, humanities, political and economic development history, the establishment and operation of government agencies, urban planning and management, etc. A more comprehensive understanding. In particular, through more observation, more listening, and more questions, combined with the actual work of the country, compared with the country's community management, I feel that the country has many valuable experiences and successful practices in the elderly service and management that we should learn from.
I. Overview of the country's pension development There are 4.2 million people in the country, and the elderly over 60 years old account for 20% of the total population. They refer to the elderly as senior citizens. The government attaches great importance to cultivating the family concept of the whole people. In the direction of public opinion, it spares no effort to instill in the people Confucianism and publicity filial piety, and calls on the whole society to care for and honor the elderly. Every year in the Lunar New Year, the country must carry out the old-age campaign. Government officials and parliamentarians set an example by themselves. They often go to the community and their constituencies to console the elderly and establish a respect for the elderly and caring for the elderly.
The country has adopted the following methods to achieve the old age:
Home care. The family is the home base of the elderly, lifelong dependence and home. One of the outstanding moral traditions of the Chinese nation that has lasted for thousands of years is to respect the elderly and honor their parents. The government also passed on this virtue when formulating the pension policy. In order to prevent the “empty nest phenomenon” of more and more elderly families, a preferential policy was formulated when purchasing HDB flats, that is, young people are willing to be with their parents. If you live together or buy a house that is close to your parents, you can reduce it by S$30,000 at a time after review and approval by the relevant department. The purpose is to encourage young people to support their parents and care for the elderly.
Day care for the elderly. For the elderly and children who are innocent to take care of the family, the country has established the corresponding “three-in-one family center”, which is equivalent to some day care centers in the city. The difference is that this care center combines the care of the old and the child care, that is, taking care of preschool children, primary school students, and taking care of senior citizens. Some families may be sending young people and young children together by young couples every day. The centralized management of young and old, that is, to meet the development needs of the society, to solve the worries of young people, to meet the spiritual needs of people, to enhance interpersonal communication and communication, to prevent the emergence of "generation gap." At present, there are similar attempts in some areas of China.
Institutional pension. Like the old-age apartments sponsored by various types of old-age care institutions in China, they are also divided into high-, medium-, and low-grade fees.
In addition, the Chinese often say that the elderly are "old, old, and old." The author believes that they are interrelated and inseparable from each other. It’s better to see it. By examining a few examples of the visit, we also experienced first-hand the unique charm of the country's community in these areas:
I have learned a lot. In 1978, the country first created the Senior Club. The main purpose of the club to create such a seniority club is to make the elderly feel that life is over 60 years old and life is still embarrassing. Senior Clubs often hold health care lectures, three generations of dances, group mornings, birthday parties, tea parties, and retirees symposia. Various types of themed activities are diverse and colorful, which allows the elderly to learn knowledge, cultivate their sentiments, and make the lives of the elderly full of vigor and fun.
Old and happy. At 7 o'clock on the evening of May 10, our delegation visited the liaison office of the community in the east. This is a high-level community in the country. There are always elderly people, young people and children and young people who come to the community. There are doctors, doctors, captains, engineers and other people from all walks of life. The liaison office is composed of several high-rise buildings surrounded by semi-circle houses. There are fixed areas for various activities. There are a pottery room, a martial arts hall, a bartending room, a fitness room, a sound room, a cooking room, and a band room. In the painting room and so on, only the martial arts hall has a larger area than the basketball court. Everyone who comes to the community can also find a friend here according to their own hobbies.
We came to the more than 300 square meters of karaoke venues. What appeared in front of everyone was such a scene: the performers on the stage sang loudly and the audience under the audience actively interacted. The majority of the people participating in the event are Chinese, but there are also many Malays and Europeans and Americans. The elderly account for a considerable proportion. When we learned that we were guests from Suzhou, China, the performers immediately gave us a Chinese folk song. The organizers of the liaison activities also prepared a Chinese version of the karaoke accompaniment band for us, and enthusiastically invited our members to sing a song with them. Although our skin color is different and our language is different, when a big and different family of international cohabitation appears in front of us, we are letting our tour group members linger.
Old and promising. In the neighboring community liaison office, we have seen many elderly people: some shuttle to maintain order, assist in activities, some to teach knowledge, or to volunteer arrangements, organize activities equipment. When we walked into the tasting room with the introducer, a host of a young man was giving a demonstration of mixing, and there were many wine glasses and different colors of wine on the table. When I learned that one of our members had a birthday on the same day, they were filled with red wine enthusiastically. Although they had just met each other, the Chinese with dark eyes, yellow skin and the same roots sang and sincerely wished her a happy birthday! And toast to the wish that the friendship between the Chinese and New Zealand people will last for generations! The atmosphere of a thick exotic community infects every member of our team, and the scene is still deeply imprinted in my mind.
Second, the country's old-age services revealed the country, this name is now no longer strange to us Suzhou people. In the Suzhou Industrial Park, I have had a preliminary impression of the country from the various media reports, article stories, and chats with friends and colleagues. It is this intimate contact with this distance that truly understands and knows her. In this beautiful and clean coastal country, I deeply feel that the country's multi-racial, multi-lingual and multi-cultural harmonious coexistence, traditional and modern, the East and the West, developed and simple, and other factors, thus forming the country. Good cultural atmosphere and unique charm. What impressed me even more is that while the economy is developing at a rapid pace and achieving remarkable results, the government has continuously increased the construction and management of social undertakings, and has not neglected the living security of this special group of the elderly. The country’s successful experience in providing for the elderly has given us a lot of inspiration.
One of the inspirations: further implement the pension service business policy and try to improve the aged care service facilities.
The Suzhou Municipal Government issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Development of the Aged Care Service in Suzhou City" in December XX. This opinion has formulated a series of policies from the aspects of accelerating the development of the old-age services, supporting policies, relevant mechanisms and organizational leadership. Among them, the diversification of service methods has been based on home-based care and institutional pensions. Home care, health care, nursing rehabilitation, spiritual comfort and other services, the implementation of paid, low-pay, volunteer services to meet the service needs of different levels of the elderly. In 2019, Suzhou City should comprehensively build an old-age service guarantee system that covers the whole elderly with the support of home-based care, community service, and institutional pension. Among them, there are common diseases and family beds for the elderly, covering more than 90% of the elderly population in the city, and the number of day care and rehabilitation beds for the elderly has reached more than 5,000. The total number of beds in various types of old-age care institutions has reached more than 18‰ in the city's elderly population, and more than 22 in urban areas. The beds with full nursing and semi-nursing services account for more than 30% of the total number of beds in the old-age institutions. The archives also made clear provisions on the guiding ideology, basic principles, planning and layout of the development of the aged care service. These policies have provided a relaxed environment for the elderly services in the city. The key is that all levels of government and relevant departments should closely cooperate and put these old-age policies into place as soon as possible so that the elderly can get benefits from them.
At the same time, we can also learn from the foreign pension policies of the country and other countries. For example, the first is to absorb the preferential policies of the country to pay attention to the pension in the purchase of housing; the second is to learn the country's "reverse mortgage" model. That is: the elderly over the age of 60 mortgage the house to a public welfare institution with a government background, and the public welfare institution pays the pension in one lump sum or in installments. When the old man dies, the property rights are disposed of by the institution, and the “surplus value” is given to the heir. When we formulate our country's pension policy, we must learn from the country's national conditions to learn from the country's successful experience, and we must boldly explore with the times.
Enlightenment 2: Further develop the “sunrise industry” for the aged care service and do a good job in social pension service.
The pension industry is different from the general industry. It is an area with public and welfare characteristics. In order to run a good old-age institution, it also needs financial cooperation, taxation, finance, land, industry and commerce, planning and other aspects of cooperation and policy support. The "Opinions on Accelerating the Development of the Aged Care Service Industry", which was forwarded by the General Office of the State Council in February this year, specifically pointed out that social funds should be encouraged to set up an old-age service industry in the form of sole proprietorship, joint venture, cooperation, joint venture, and shareholding. This shows that China's old-age service industry has been completely open to social capital. The Zhejiang people who once dared to be the first in the world spent 14 million yuan to open the largest nursing home in the province, which had suffered huge losses for a period of time. When it financed the bank, it got a reply that “the nursing home is a non-profit social welfare institution, neither a mortgage nor a loan”, and ultimately faced a dilemma. How to start, support, and manage a good old-age care institution also requires the exploration of various levels of government and relevant departments to make the operators and beneficiaries "win-win".
How to do a good job in the docking of international pension work is another major issue facing China's pension service. Recently, it was learned from the report of the English-language Straits Times that China has become one of the settlements chosen by the middle class in the country after retirement. China's rich cultural life, rapid economic development and low living expenses are the reasons why the country has made this choice. According to the survey, the people who are willing to choose to live in China for retirement include former bank staff, businessmen, professionals and civil servants. For the Chinese people in the country, there are other reasons for choosing China as a “retirement paradise”, including: more intimate feelings towards China; because of their appearance, they know Chinese, have a common language, and are easy to integrate into local society; China is not like Europe. Or other Western countries, they will not be subject to racial discrimination. In fact, both Chinese and overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia, such as the country and Taiwan, and foreigners living in Europe and the United States, they all yearn for the ancient oriental culture and love "the paradise on earth" in Suzhou. With its geographical advantage, rapid economic development, good investment environment, cheap labor market and Wu culture history in 25XX, Suzhou has become a hot land for foreign investment, the second hometown of residence and study. Doing a good job of serving foreigners in this big-age article, so that overseas Chinese feel that "small and small home away from home", the family sent back from home and the hometown of fallen leaves, is also an important work that Suzhou various types of old-age institutions need to consider and practice.
The third revelation: further increase the traditional ethics and propaganda, and form a good attitude of paying attention to old age.
The way for the elderly in the country to solve difficulties is: the first child, the latter brothers and sisters, and the social groups to help solve the problem. If there is really difficulty in solving the family, it will be borne by the government after investigation and verification. In China, although governments at all levels have not explicitly stated the “internal affairs” of the family, with the increase of the elderly, the elderly have become an important part of building a harmonious society. The problem of the elderly is solved, the society is stable, and the family is harmonious. At this stage and for a long period of time in the future, regardless of national conditions, economics, and concepts, the majority of urban elderly in China will still choose to stay at home. In the next century, many families with only one child will face the severe challenges of “four-two families”. In October 1996, the official promulgation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly was a product of the times and played a positive role in implementing and consolidating family pensions. However, practice has proved that it is sometimes difficult to maintain family pensions by relying solely on the "Old Age Law". It is also often seen in various news media that the children’s inability to support their husbands or the “empty nest” of the elderly are both negative and dead at home. While public opinion calls for the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly, it also calls for the return of traditional ethical and moral filial piety. An important condition that is indispensable for the realization of family pension is the need to maintain the traditional filial piety.
The reform and opening up has injected unprecedented vitality and vitality into China, and it has brought tremendous pressure and challenges to the employed. The pace of modern life is accelerating, and social mobility is increasing, which directly affects children's filial piety towards their parents. Nowadays, the elderly in most cities have pensions, and the problem of food and clothing has been solved. What they are most looking forward to and eager for is the spiritual comfort of their children. The song "Let's Go Home" is popular with everyone. It tells young people in plain language: the phone greetings on weekdays, the visits to holidays, the care of hospitalization, and the warm blessings of birthdays will bring comfort and warmth to parents. Caring for life, paying attention to the quality of life, and letting the elderly enjoy true happiness in their lifetimes is the real filial piety.
Gold neighbors, silver relatives. Carrying forward the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, helping each other, helping each other, and having difficulties with the elderly. In the case that children cannot live with the elderly and inconvenience to take care of the elderly in a timely manner, neighbors, colleagues, and friends should extend their hands and give appropriate care and effective help to the elderly around them. Radio, television, newspapers and other news media should also vigorously promote the importance of old-age care and advanced typical cases. Through public opinion, community education and other forms, the society is widely mobilized to attach importance to the issue of old-age care, enhance the sense of responsibility and obligation, and form a respect in the whole society. Old love the old good atmosphere. We will further mobilize all the residents of the community and work together to build a harmonious society.

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