How to write a thesis
Undergraduate majors must complete the graduation thesis writing and their defense assessment after passing the examinations of each professional course. The writing of the thesis and the examination of the graduation thesis are one of the important links in obtaining the undergraduate diploma of the self-study exam for higher education. It is also one of the important basis for measuring whether the self-study graduates reach the same level of scholastic ability at the same level as the full-time colleges and universities. However, because many candidates lack systematic classroom teaching and peacetime training, they often feel pressure on the independent writing of graduation thesis, and there are countless hearts in mind. Therefore, it is of great significance to provide the necessary guidance for the writing of graduation thesis for the specific group of undergraduate students.
This article tries to make a brief discussion on how to write a thesis for reference.
The graduation thesis is the last link of the undergraduate course for undergraduate students in the higher education self-study exam. It is the summary and independent work of the examinee. The purpose is to summarize the results of the study profession and cultivate the ability to comprehensively apply the knowledge learned to solve practical problems. From the perspective of stylistics, it is also a controversial text that explores the realities or theoretical issues of a particular field of expertise. Completing the writing of a thesis can be divided into two steps, namely selecting a topic and a research topic.
The first is to choose a topic. The topic is the key to the success of the paper. Because the topic is the first step in the writing of a thesis, it is actually the question of determining what to write, that is, determining the direction of scientific research. If "what to write" is not clear, "how to write" will be impossible to talk about.
The approach and requirements of the Self-study Examination Office of the Ministry of Education on selecting topics for graduation thesis are: “In order to encourage the combination of theory and work practice, the examinee may submit the thesis title in conjunction with the work performed by the unit or the person, and report it to the main examination school for approval. The main examination school publishes the title of the thesis, which is selected by the candidate. The overall requirements of the graduation thesis should be consistent with the general full-time higher education institutions, so that the examinee can test the ability of the examinee to comprehensively apply professional knowledge through thesis writing and defense evaluation. However, regardless of whether the candidate chooses the subject arbitrarily or chooses the subject in the designated subject published by the examiner, he must adhere to the practical and practical topic of scientific value and practical significance. Choosing a topic is half the success of a thesis.
First, we must persist in selecting topics with scientific and practical significance. The purpose of scientific research is to better understand the world and transform the world to promote the continuous progress and development of society. Therefore, the topic of graduation thesis must closely combine the needs of socialist material civilization and spiritual civilization construction, and promote the development of scientific undertakings and solve the problems of reality as the starting point and the foothold. The topic should be in line with the correct direction of scientific research, be novel, have innovation, theoretical value and realistic guiding significance or promotion. A meaningless study, even if it takes a lot of energy to express perfection, There will be no value. Specifically, candidates can choose from the following three aspects. First of all, we must choose the topic from the shortcomings of reality and learn professional knowledge. We must not only stay in books and theory, but also work hard, connect theory with practice, and use the acquired professional knowledge to find and solve work. Problems that need to be solved urgently in practice. Secondly, we must choose from the blanks and marginal fields of scientific research. There are still many virgin land that has not been reclaimed, and there are still many defects and gaps, which need to be filled. Candidates should have a unique vision and advanced awareness to think, to discover, to study. Finally, from the search for the deficiencies and mistakes of previous studies, many of the research topics that have been proposed by the predecessors, although there have been preliminary research results, but with the continuous development of society, it still needs to be rich, Completeness and development, this complementary or corrective research topic is also of scientific value and practical guiding significance.
Second, we must choose practical and feasible topics according to our own abilities. The writing of graduation thesis is a kind of creative labor. It not only has the individual's opinions and opinions, but also needs certain objective conditions. Because the individual subjective and objective conditions of the candidates are different, when selecting the topic, they should also choose their own specialties, interests and objective conditions. Specifically, candidates can consider the following three aspects. First, there must be sufficient sources of information. “It’s hard to be a good woman,” and in the absence of information, it’s difficult to write high-quality papers. Choosing a topic with a rich source of information is very helpful for in-depth research and development of the topic. Secondly, we must have a strong interest in research and choose topics of interest to stimulate our own research enthusiasm, mobilize our initiative and enthusiasm, and be able to achieve with a positive attitude of concentration, care, perseverance and patience. Finally, in order to combine and develop your own business expertise, each candidate has his or her own business expertise, regardless of his or her level of competence, and chooses those topics that can combine his or her own work and develop his or her own business expertise. Great benefit.
After selecting a topic, the next task is to study the topic. The general program of the research topic is: collecting data, researching materials, clarifying arguments and selected materials, and finally writing and modifying the final draft.
First, the basic work of research topics - collecting information. Candidates can collect information from the fields of the library and the data room, and conduct field investigations, experiments and observations. The more specific and detailed the information is, the better it is to list the bibliographies and detailed plans that you want to collect. First of all, when you are looking for information, you should be familiar with and master the book classification method. You should be good at using bibliography and indexing, and be proficient in using other reference books, such as yearbooks, abstracts, watches, numbers, etc. Secondly, doing field research and research, research and research can get the most authentic and reliable first-hand information, and the purpose of the investigation should be clear, clear, and clear. The survey methods include: general survey, key survey, typical survey, and sample survey. The survey methods are: meeting, interview, and questionnaire. Finally, about experiments and observations. Experiments and observations are the basic ways to collect scientific data and obtain perceptual knowledge. They are the practical basis for the formation, production, development and testing of scientific theories. This method is more commonly used in the research of science and engineering, medicine, etc. Serious and comprehensive record.
Second, the focus of research topics - research materials. Candidates should conduct a comprehensive review of the data collected, and use different reading methods for different materials, such as reading, reading, and reading.
Read through the whole text, read the useful part and useful content, and read it comprehensively, carefully, meticulously, deeply and repeatedly. Think positively during the study. It is necessary to use the arguments, arguments, argumentation methods and research methods in the book or the paper to trigger their own thinking, to use the eyes, hands and brains together, to exert imagination and to make new creations.
When researching materials, you must also keep a record of the information.
Third, the core work of the research topic -- clear arguments and selected materials. On the basis of the research data, the candidates put forward their own views and opinions, and establish basic arguments and points of argument according to the topic. Put forward your own point of view to highlight new ideas, innovation is the soul, can not just repeat the predecessors or people. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the tendency of greed and seeking for perfection. If you are afraid of incompleteness and repeat the existing knowledge in a large part, it will not reflect the characteristics and achievements of your own research.
Materials are selected based on established basic arguments and sub-discriminations, which are based on their own research on the information collected. Organizational materials should pay attention to mastering scientific thinking methods, pay attention to the logical relationship and primary and secondary relationship of materials before and after.
Fourth, the key work of the research topic -- writing writing. Candidates should pay attention to the following two aspects: draw up the outline and basic format.
The proposed outline includes topics, basic arguments, and content outlines. The content outline includes a large project, that is, a large paragraph, a medium project, a paragraph, a small project, that is, a material in a paragraph or a small paragraph. The draft outline helps to arrange the logical structure of the full text and build the basic framework of the paper.
Basic format: The general graduation thesis consists of four aspects: title, abstract, text, and reference. The title requirements are direct, specific, eye-catching, and concise. Abstract is to extract the main points in the paper before the text of the paper, in order to facilitate the reader to read, so it should be concise and general. The text is the core content of the graduation thesis, including the introduction, the theory, and the conclusion. The introduction part mainly explains the reasons and significance of studying this topic, and it should be written concisely. It is necessary to clearly and specifically present the topics discussed, sometimes to write historical review and analysis of the status quo, what supplements, corrections or developments I will have, and a brief introduction to the method of argumentation. Part of this thesis is the main body of the thesis, which expresses the author's research results, mainly expounding his own viewpoints and arguments. In this part, we should elaborate on the viewpoint with sufficient and powerful materials, and accurately grasp the inner relationship between the level of the article content and the paragraphs of the size. Longer papers often use a combination of inferential and sub-theoretical approaches. The conclusion part is the conclusion and conclusion part of the thesis. It is necessary to write the results of the argument, to be consistent at the beginning and the end, at the same time to write a prospect for the research of the subject, to mention the problems further explored or possible solutions. References are some of the articles or materials studied during the process of writing a paper. The main ones to be selected are listed below.
Fifth, the guarantee work of research topics --- revised the final draft. Through this link, we can see whether the writing intention is clear, whether the basic arguments and points are accurate and clear, whether the materials are used properly and persuasively, whether the arrangement and argumentation of the materials have logical effects, and whether the structure of the large and small paragraphs is complete. Naturally, whether the sentence words are correct and proper, and whether the article conforms to the norm.
In short, writing a thesis is a complex thinking activity, and it is difficult for self-study students who lack writing experience. Therefore, candidates should “learn and learn again, practice and practice again” and humbly ask the instructors for advice.
This article tries to make a brief discussion on how to write a thesis for reference.
The graduation thesis is the last link of the undergraduate course for undergraduate students in the higher education self-study exam. It is the summary and independent work of the examinee. The purpose is to summarize the results of the study profession and cultivate the ability to comprehensively apply the knowledge learned to solve practical problems. From the perspective of stylistics, it is also a controversial text that explores the realities or theoretical issues of a particular field of expertise. Completing the writing of a thesis can be divided into two steps, namely selecting a topic and a research topic.
The first is to choose a topic. The topic is the key to the success of the paper. Because the topic is the first step in the writing of a thesis, it is actually the question of determining what to write, that is, determining the direction of scientific research. If "what to write" is not clear, "how to write" will be impossible to talk about.
The approach and requirements of the Self-study Examination Office of the Ministry of Education on selecting topics for graduation thesis are: “In order to encourage the combination of theory and work practice, the examinee may submit the thesis title in conjunction with the work performed by the unit or the person, and report it to the main examination school for approval. The main examination school publishes the title of the thesis, which is selected by the candidate. The overall requirements of the graduation thesis should be consistent with the general full-time higher education institutions, so that the examinee can test the ability of the examinee to comprehensively apply professional knowledge through thesis writing and defense evaluation. However, regardless of whether the candidate chooses the subject arbitrarily or chooses the subject in the designated subject published by the examiner, he must adhere to the practical and practical topic of scientific value and practical significance. Choosing a topic is half the success of a thesis.
First, we must persist in selecting topics with scientific and practical significance. The purpose of scientific research is to better understand the world and transform the world to promote the continuous progress and development of society. Therefore, the topic of graduation thesis must closely combine the needs of socialist material civilization and spiritual civilization construction, and promote the development of scientific undertakings and solve the problems of reality as the starting point and the foothold. The topic should be in line with the correct direction of scientific research, be novel, have innovation, theoretical value and realistic guiding significance or promotion. A meaningless study, even if it takes a lot of energy to express perfection, There will be no value. Specifically, candidates can choose from the following three aspects. First of all, we must choose the topic from the shortcomings of reality and learn professional knowledge. We must not only stay in books and theory, but also work hard, connect theory with practice, and use the acquired professional knowledge to find and solve work. Problems that need to be solved urgently in practice. Secondly, we must choose from the blanks and marginal fields of scientific research. There are still many virgin land that has not been reclaimed, and there are still many defects and gaps, which need to be filled. Candidates should have a unique vision and advanced awareness to think, to discover, to study. Finally, from the search for the deficiencies and mistakes of previous studies, many of the research topics that have been proposed by the predecessors, although there have been preliminary research results, but with the continuous development of society, it still needs to be rich, Completeness and development, this complementary or corrective research topic is also of scientific value and practical guiding significance.
Second, we must choose practical and feasible topics according to our own abilities. The writing of graduation thesis is a kind of creative labor. It not only has the individual's opinions and opinions, but also needs certain objective conditions. Because the individual subjective and objective conditions of the candidates are different, when selecting the topic, they should also choose their own specialties, interests and objective conditions. Specifically, candidates can consider the following three aspects. First, there must be sufficient sources of information. “It’s hard to be a good woman,” and in the absence of information, it’s difficult to write high-quality papers. Choosing a topic with a rich source of information is very helpful for in-depth research and development of the topic. Secondly, we must have a strong interest in research and choose topics of interest to stimulate our own research enthusiasm, mobilize our initiative and enthusiasm, and be able to achieve with a positive attitude of concentration, care, perseverance and patience. Finally, in order to combine and develop your own business expertise, each candidate has his or her own business expertise, regardless of his or her level of competence, and chooses those topics that can combine his or her own work and develop his or her own business expertise. Great benefit.
After selecting a topic, the next task is to study the topic. The general program of the research topic is: collecting data, researching materials, clarifying arguments and selected materials, and finally writing and modifying the final draft.
First, the basic work of research topics - collecting information. Candidates can collect information from the fields of the library and the data room, and conduct field investigations, experiments and observations. The more specific and detailed the information is, the better it is to list the bibliographies and detailed plans that you want to collect. First of all, when you are looking for information, you should be familiar with and master the book classification method. You should be good at using bibliography and indexing, and be proficient in using other reference books, such as yearbooks, abstracts, watches, numbers, etc. Secondly, doing field research and research, research and research can get the most authentic and reliable first-hand information, and the purpose of the investigation should be clear, clear, and clear. The survey methods include: general survey, key survey, typical survey, and sample survey. The survey methods are: meeting, interview, and questionnaire. Finally, about experiments and observations. Experiments and observations are the basic ways to collect scientific data and obtain perceptual knowledge. They are the practical basis for the formation, production, development and testing of scientific theories. This method is more commonly used in the research of science and engineering, medicine, etc. Serious and comprehensive record.
Second, the focus of research topics - research materials. Candidates should conduct a comprehensive review of the data collected, and use different reading methods for different materials, such as reading, reading, and reading.
Read through the whole text, read the useful part and useful content, and read it comprehensively, carefully, meticulously, deeply and repeatedly. Think positively during the study. It is necessary to use the arguments, arguments, argumentation methods and research methods in the book or the paper to trigger their own thinking, to use the eyes, hands and brains together, to exert imagination and to make new creations.
When researching materials, you must also keep a record of the information.
Third, the core work of the research topic -- clear arguments and selected materials. On the basis of the research data, the candidates put forward their own views and opinions, and establish basic arguments and points of argument according to the topic. Put forward your own point of view to highlight new ideas, innovation is the soul, can not just repeat the predecessors or people. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the tendency of greed and seeking for perfection. If you are afraid of incompleteness and repeat the existing knowledge in a large part, it will not reflect the characteristics and achievements of your own research.
Materials are selected based on established basic arguments and sub-discriminations, which are based on their own research on the information collected. Organizational materials should pay attention to mastering scientific thinking methods, pay attention to the logical relationship and primary and secondary relationship of materials before and after.
Fourth, the key work of the research topic -- writing writing. Candidates should pay attention to the following two aspects: draw up the outline and basic format.
The proposed outline includes topics, basic arguments, and content outlines. The content outline includes a large project, that is, a large paragraph, a medium project, a paragraph, a small project, that is, a material in a paragraph or a small paragraph. The draft outline helps to arrange the logical structure of the full text and build the basic framework of the paper.
Basic format: The general graduation thesis consists of four aspects: title, abstract, text, and reference. The title requirements are direct, specific, eye-catching, and concise. Abstract is to extract the main points in the paper before the text of the paper, in order to facilitate the reader to read, so it should be concise and general. The text is the core content of the graduation thesis, including the introduction, the theory, and the conclusion. The introduction part mainly explains the reasons and significance of studying this topic, and it should be written concisely. It is necessary to clearly and specifically present the topics discussed, sometimes to write historical review and analysis of the status quo, what supplements, corrections or developments I will have, and a brief introduction to the method of argumentation. Part of this thesis is the main body of the thesis, which expresses the author's research results, mainly expounding his own viewpoints and arguments. In this part, we should elaborate on the viewpoint with sufficient and powerful materials, and accurately grasp the inner relationship between the level of the article content and the paragraphs of the size. Longer papers often use a combination of inferential and sub-theoretical approaches. The conclusion part is the conclusion and conclusion part of the thesis. It is necessary to write the results of the argument, to be consistent at the beginning and the end, at the same time to write a prospect for the research of the subject, to mention the problems further explored or possible solutions. References are some of the articles or materials studied during the process of writing a paper. The main ones to be selected are listed below.
Fifth, the guarantee work of research topics --- revised the final draft. Through this link, we can see whether the writing intention is clear, whether the basic arguments and points are accurate and clear, whether the materials are used properly and persuasively, whether the arrangement and argumentation of the materials have logical effects, and whether the structure of the large and small paragraphs is complete. Naturally, whether the sentence words are correct and proper, and whether the article conforms to the norm.
In short, writing a thesis is a complex thinking activity, and it is difficult for self-study students who lack writing experience. Therefore, candidates should “learn and learn again, practice and practice again” and humbly ask the instructors for advice.
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