English paper format

Whether the format is normative is one of the main criteria for an English paper. Standardizing the format of English academic papers and making them in line with international practices is of great significance for us to write English articles or conduct international academic exchanges.

This paper takes the English paper format of humanities as a reference, and outlines the format of paper formats commonly used in American educational academia.

First, the title of the English paper

A longer English paper generally requires a title page, which is written in the following format: the distance between the first line head and the top of the printing paper is about one-third of the total length of the printing paper, and the distance from the downward direction is 5 cm. The fourth line is the author's name and date. If the English paper is written by a student for a course, the teacher's title and its name and the number or name of the course must be placed between the author's name and date. When printing, if there is no special requirement, each line needs double space, that is, interlaced printing, and the line spacing is about 0.6cm.

As far as the students are concerned, if the length of the English paper is short, the title page may not be made, but the content of the title page is placed at the upper left of the first page of the text. The name of the first act author is about 2.5 cm from the top of the printing paper. The following lines are the teacher's academic title and surname, the course number and the date; the left side of each line is aligned up and down, and a margin of about 2.5 cm is left. Next is the title and body of the paper.

Second, the English paper outline

The English abstract page includes the topic and the outline itself. The format of the abstract is as follows: first put the word thesis and the colon at the beginning of the first line, then play the sentence after the space is empty, and the first on the left and the first sentence of the sentence when returning The letters are aligned up and down. The main outlines are marked with capitalized Roman numerals, and the secondary outlines are marked with uppercase English letters, Arabic numerals and lowercase English letters. Each number or letter is followed by a period, and the first letter of the item is played after a space is vacated; the program at the same level must be aligned on the left and right sides. It should be noted that the equally important outline must be more than two, namely: there should be ii, a should have b, and so on. If the English paper outline is long and requires two pages, the second page must be marked with a lowercase Roman numeral in the upper right corner, ie ii.

Third, the English paper body

The English paper with the title page and the outline page has the normal format of the first page of the text: the title of the paper is centered, and its position is about 5 cm from the top of the printed paper and about 1.5 cm from the first line of the text. The first letter of the paragraph must be indented into five compartments, that is, from the sixth grid. The first page of the text does not have to be paged. From the second page, the author's last name must be placed in the upper right corner of each page. After the space is empty, the page number is marked with Arabic numerals; the Arabic number should be the last space of the line. In the printing of the text, you need to pay attention to the printing format of punctuation, that is, two spaces should be empty after the end of the sentence, and one space after the other punctuation.

Fourth, quoted in the English paper

Correctly citing the original text of the work or the discussion of experts and scholars is an important part of writing English papers; it is necessary to pay attention to the organic unity of the quotes and the papers, that is, its logic, but also pay attention to the normative nature of the quotes. Quote someone else's point of view, either directly or indirectly. Regardless of the method used, the author of the paper must indicate the author and source of the quoted text. At present, the practice in the American academic community is to indicate the author and source of the citation in parentheses after the citation. Some of the canonical formats are now described below for the different situations quoted in the text.

1. If the citation is less than three lines, the citation can be organically integrated into the paper. Such as:

The divorce of arnold's personal desire from his inheritance results in "the familiar picture of victorian man alone in an alien universe".

Here, the roper in the parentheses is the surname of the citation author; the Arabic numeral is the page number of the citation source; the author's surname and the page number need to be one space, but no punctuation is required; the period should be placed after the second parenthesis.

2. If the quoted text exceeds three lines, the citation should be separated from the paper text, as shown in the following example:

Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “democratic vistas”

Is an admirable and characteristic

Diatribe. and if one is sorry that in it

Whitman is unable to conceive the

Extreme crises of society, one is certain

That no society would be tolerable whoses

Citizen could not find refreshment in its

Buoyant democratic idealism.

There are two points to note in the format here. First, each line of the citation is 10 spaces from the first letter on the left side of the English paper, that is, it should be played from the eleventh box; second, the citation does not need to be quoted, and the period at the end should be marked after the last word.

3. If you need to insert a quotation in the citation and explain some words, use square brackets. Such as:

Dr.beaman points out that"he [charles darw in] has been an important factor in the debate between evolutionary theory and biblical creationism".

It is worth noting that the surname of the citation author in this example has appeared in the guide sentence, so only the page number of the citation source can be indicated in the parenthesis.

4. If there is a word in the text to be quoted that is not related to the paper that needs to be deleted, an ellipsis is required. If the ellipsis appears in the citation, use three points. If it appears at the end of the citation, use four points. The last point indicates the period, after the second parenthesis; between the point and the letter, or between the point All need to be empty. Such as:

Mary shelley hated tyranny and "looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and highborn...with undisguised scorn and contempt....

5. If the citation is from a multi-volume book, in addition to the author's last name and page number, the volume number must also be indicated. Such as:

Professor chen jia's a history of english literature aimed to give chinese readers "a historical survey of english literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury".

The 1 in the parentheses is the volume number, and the lowercase Roman numeral i is the page number, indicating that the citation is from the first volume of the first volume. In addition, the title of a history of english literature is drawn; the format of the specification is: the title of the book, including the name of the work published in the form of a book, which must be crossed or in italics; other works, such as poetry, prose, short stories Headings are marked with double quotation marks, such as "to autumn" and "democratic vistas" appearing in front.

6. If two or more works of the same author are cited in an English paper, the name of the work must be indicated in addition to the author and page number of the citation. Such as:

Bacon condemned platoas "an obstacle to science".

Farrington points out that aristotle's father nicomachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine.

These two examples respectively refer to Farrington's two books, so the names of the titles cited are respectively noted in their respective parentheses to avoid confusion. Both works are abbreviated and their full names are founder of scientific philosophy and the philosophy of francis baconand aristotle.

7. Commentary poetry often needs to quote the original verse, the reference format is shown in the following example.

When beowulf dives upwards through the water and reaches the surface, "the surging waves, great tracts of water, / were all cleansed...".

Here, the quoted verses are separated by slashes, and the slashes and the preceding and following letters and punctuation are required to be empty; the lowercase 1 in the parentheses is the abbreviation of line; 21 does not have to be written as 1621. If the quoted verse exceeds three lines, the quoted verse must still be separated from the essay.

V. Bibliography of English papers

The author of the paper must provide a detailed publication of all the citations in the paper after the text, namely the bibliography page. American colleges generally refer to this page as works cited, and the format must pay attention to the following points:

1. The catalog page should be separated from the text and printed on the other page, after the text.

2. The catalog page should be regarded as a page of the English paper, and the author's last name and page number should be indicated in the upper right corner of the paper in the order of the page number; if there are more entries, more than one page, the first page does not have to be marked with the author's last name and page number. The remaining pages are still marked with the author's last name and page number in order. The distance between the title works cited and the top of the printing paper is about 2.5cm, and the distance from the first line in the first item is still 0.6cm; the distance between each item and each line is also 0.6cm, no need to leave more blank.

3. The order of the contents of each item is the author's last name, first name, work name, publisher name, place of publication, year of publication, and start and end page number; each item should be arranged in strict alphabetical order of each author's last name, but do not encode each item. It is also unnecessary to separate the books from the articles such as magazines and periodicals.

4. The first line of each item needs to be printed in the top row. When returning, it needs to be indented by five grids to distinguish the item from other items.

Some of the more specific items are listed below and are slightly explained for the reader's reference.

Two or more books by the same author

Brooks, cleanth. fundamentals of good writing: a

Handbook of modern rhetoric. newyork: harcourt, 1950.

---the hidden god: studies in hemingway, faulkner, yeats,

Eliot, and warren. new haven: yale up,1963.

To quote multiple works by the same author, simply indicate the author's name in the first entry, and replace the author with three consecutive characters and one sentence.

An author with an editor

Shake speare, william. the tragedy of macbeth. ed. louis b.

Wright. new york: washington square, 1959.

This entry puts the name of the author shakespeare in front, and puts the editor's name in the back, indicating that the citation is from the tragedy of macbeth; if the citation comes from the preface, introduction, etc. written by the editor, the editor's name needs to be placed before, such as:

Blackmur, richard p.introduction. the art of the novel:

Critical prefaces. by henry james. new york: scribner's,

1962.vii-xxxix.

If the introduction and writing are written by the same person, the format is as follows:

Emery, donald. preface. english fundamentals. by emery.

London: macmillan, 1972.v-vi.

a multivolume work

Brown, thomas. the works of sir thomas brown. ed.

Geoffrey keynes. 4 vols. london: faber, 1928.

Brown, thomas. the works of sir thomas brown. ed.

Geoffrey keynes. vol.2. london: faber, 1928. 4 vols.

The first entry indicates that the book has a total of four volumes, while the author of the paper uses the contents of each volume; the second entry indicates that the author of the paper only used the content in Volume 2.

a selection from an anthology

Abram, mh "english romanticism: the spirit of the age."

Romanticism reconsidered. ed. northrop frye. new

York: columbia up, 1963.63-88.

The quoted English paper name must be marked with quotation marks, and note that the period after the English paper name is placed in quotation marks. The beginning and end of the entry must indicate the start and end page number of the article in the selection.

Articles in journals, magazines, and newspapers

Otto, mary l. "child abuse: group treatment for parents."

Personnel and guidance journal 62: 336-48.

Newspaper and magazine names need to be crossed, but no punctuation is required thereafter. 62 is the volume number or issue number. If there is a volume number and a period number, the two should be separated by a period. Such as:; 1984 is the year of publication, should be placed in the parentheses.

Arnold, marilgn."willa cather's nostalgia: a study in

Ambivalance."research studies mar.1981:23-24,28.

The monthly or bimonthly publication must also indicate the date of publication; 23-24, 28 indicates that the first part of the article is published on pages 23 and 24, and the latter part is on page 28.

Gorney, cynthia."when the gorilla speaks."washington post

31 july, 1985: b1.

The English papers quoted in the daily newspaper must also indicate the year, month and day of the publication of the newspaper. B1 is the layout and page number of the article in the newspaper.