Biological Experiment Report "Extraction and Separation of Pigments in Chloroplasts"

First, the purpose of the experiment
1. Learn how to extract and separate pigments from chloroplasts.
2. Compare and observe the four pigments in chloroplasts: understanding their characteristics and their relationship with photosynthesis. II. Experimental principle Photosynthetic pigments are mainly found in the granules of higher plant chloroplasts, while the pigments in chloroplasts are soluble in organic solvents. in. Therefore, it is necessary to extract the pigment, destroy the cell structure, destroy the chloroplast membrane, and directly contact the organic layer solvent to dissolve the pigment in the organic solvent.
There are four kinds of pigments in the chloroplast, and the solubility of different pigments in the chromatographic solution is different.
Therefore, the diffusion speed with the chromatography solution is also different.
Third, the material utensils take fresh green leaves, qualitative filter paper, beakers, mortar, funnel, gauze, scissors, small test tubes, petri dishes, capillary straws, measuring cylinders, organic solvents, chromatography, cerium oxide, calcium carbonate.
Fourth, the experimental process
1. Extract pigment:
2. Preparation of filter paper strips:
3. Pigment separation, paper chromatography.
4. Observation:
After chromatography, remove the filter paper and blow dry in a well ventilated place. Observe the number, color, position, and width of the pigmented bands on the filter strip. The results are: 4 pigment bands from top to bottom are: carotene, lutein, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b. The article you are viewing is organized, and the copyright belongs to the original author and the original source.

V. Discussion
1. Why can't the filtrate fine line on the filter paper strip touch the chromatographic solution?

2. What is the key to extracting and separating pigments from chloroplasts?