Science and technology experiment report
First, the definition and role
The experimental report is the experimenter's purpose and method in a research activity or professional study. Steps, results, etc., written in a concise language.
The experimental report must be based on scientific experiments. The record of successful or failed experimental results is conducive to accumulating research data, summarizing research results, and improving the observer's ability to observe. Analyze problems and solve problems, and develop a scientific attitude that combines theory with practice and seeking truth from facts.
Second, writing requirements
There are many kinds of experimental reports, and the format is similar and relatively fixed. The experimental report is generally written according to the sequence of experiments. The main contents are:
1. The name of the experiment name, which reflects the content of the experiment in the most concise language. If you verify a certain law, you can write "verification × × ×"; if the experimental report of the measurement, you can write "x × × measurement."
2. The purpose of the experiment is to clarify the purpose. To grasp the key points, we can consider both theoretical and practical aspects. In theory, verify the theorem of the theorem, and give the experimenter a deep and systematic understanding, in practice, master the skills and skills of using instruments or equipment.
3. Laboratory instruments and materials such as glassware. Metal appliances, solutions, pigments, powders, fuels, etc.
4. Experimental steps and methods This is extremely important for the experimental report. This part must state what principle it is based on. Experiment with the law or method of operation, and write out which steps have been taken. It should also draw a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental device, accompanied by a corresponding text description, which can save a lot of text descriptions, and make the experimental report concise. Clearly understand.
5. Data records and calculations refer to data measured from experiments and calculation results.
6. The result is based on the phenomena observed during the experiment and the measured data.
7. Remarks or instructions can be written on the reasons for the success or failure of the experiment, the experience after the experiment, suggestions and so on.
Some experimental reports use pre-designed forms, which can be filled in by item.
Third, should pay attention to when writing
Writing an experiment report is a very serious one. Serious work must be scientific and accurate. Truth-seeking. In the process of writing, common mistakes are as follows:
1. The observation was not meticulous and was not recorded in a timely, accurate and truthful manner.
In the experiment, because the observation is not meticulous, not serious, and not recorded in time, the results can not accurately write the various phenomena that occur, and can not be appropriate. Seek truth from facts and analyze the causes of various phenomena. Therefore, in the record, what must be seen, what is recorded, can not be falsified. In order to confirm some experimental phenomena and modify the data, fake experimental phenomena and other practices are not allowed.
2. The description is inaccurate or the level is not clear.
For example, in a chemical experiment, a precipitate appeared, but it was not accurate whether it was "crystal precipitation" or "amorphous precipitation." The description steps, some of the instructions are not listed in the order of operation, the results are not clear. Messy and other issues.
3. No specific terminology is used to illustrate things.
For example, the phrase "rotate in a mixture with a stick" is better than the special term "stirring", which makes the text concise and understandable.
4. Foreign languages, symbols, and formulas are inaccurate, and no uniform nouns and symbols are used.
Verify Ohm's law
[Experimental purpose] Deepen the understanding of Ohm's law through experiments, and be familiar with the use of ammeters, voltmeters, and varistors.
[Knowledge Preparation] Learning Relevant Theory
[Experimental equipment and devices] Equipment: ammeter, voltmeter, battery pack, fixed value resistance sliding varistor, wire, switch, device
[Experimental steps]
1. Connect the circuit as shown.
2. Keep the constant value r constant, move the copper piece of the sliding varistor, change the voltage applied across r, and measure the current intensity of the ammeter and voltmeter. The values of the voltages are in turn listed in Table 1.
3. Change the fixed value resistance and adjust the varistor at the same time, so that the voltage applied to the r ends remains unchanged. The value of the resistance r and the current intensity measured by the ammeter are sequentially filled in Table 2.
4. Through experimental analysis: when r is constant, the relationship between i and v and v is constant, the relationship between i and r.
Table I
r=4ωv0.4v0.8v 1.2v
i 0.1a0.2a0.3a
Table II
v=0.6vr1ω2ω 4ω
I0.6a0.3a0.15a
[Experimental record]
1. Adjusting the sliding varistor mine, observing the voltmeter and the ammeter, it can be seen that the voltage across the resistor r increases several times, and the current intensity through it also increases several times. This shows that the current intensity through the conductor is proportional to the voltage across the conductor when the resistance is constant.
2. Replacing different fixed value resistors, adjusting the sliding varistor mine, keeping the voltage of r constant, it can be seen that the value of the fixed value resistor r is increased several times, and the current intensity through it is reduced to a fraction. This means that the current intensity through the conductor is inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor when the voltage is constant.
[Experimental Summary]
The current intensity i in the conductor is proportional to the voltage v across the conductor and inversely proportional to the resistance r of the conductor. Expressed as: i=v/r.
The experimental report is the experimenter's purpose and method in a research activity or professional study. Steps, results, etc., written in a concise language.
The experimental report must be based on scientific experiments. The record of successful or failed experimental results is conducive to accumulating research data, summarizing research results, and improving the observer's ability to observe. Analyze problems and solve problems, and develop a scientific attitude that combines theory with practice and seeking truth from facts.
Second, writing requirements
There are many kinds of experimental reports, and the format is similar and relatively fixed. The experimental report is generally written according to the sequence of experiments. The main contents are:
1. The name of the experiment name, which reflects the content of the experiment in the most concise language. If you verify a certain law, you can write "verification × × ×"; if the experimental report of the measurement, you can write "x × × measurement."
2. The purpose of the experiment is to clarify the purpose. To grasp the key points, we can consider both theoretical and practical aspects. In theory, verify the theorem of the theorem, and give the experimenter a deep and systematic understanding, in practice, master the skills and skills of using instruments or equipment.
3. Laboratory instruments and materials such as glassware. Metal appliances, solutions, pigments, powders, fuels, etc.
4. Experimental steps and methods This is extremely important for the experimental report. This part must state what principle it is based on. Experiment with the law or method of operation, and write out which steps have been taken. It should also draw a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental device, accompanied by a corresponding text description, which can save a lot of text descriptions, and make the experimental report concise. Clearly understand.
5. Data records and calculations refer to data measured from experiments and calculation results.
6. The result is based on the phenomena observed during the experiment and the measured data.
7. Remarks or instructions can be written on the reasons for the success or failure of the experiment, the experience after the experiment, suggestions and so on.
Some experimental reports use pre-designed forms, which can be filled in by item.
Third, should pay attention to when writing
Writing an experiment report is a very serious one. Serious work must be scientific and accurate. Truth-seeking. In the process of writing, common mistakes are as follows:
1. The observation was not meticulous and was not recorded in a timely, accurate and truthful manner.
In the experiment, because the observation is not meticulous, not serious, and not recorded in time, the results can not accurately write the various phenomena that occur, and can not be appropriate. Seek truth from facts and analyze the causes of various phenomena. Therefore, in the record, what must be seen, what is recorded, can not be falsified. In order to confirm some experimental phenomena and modify the data, fake experimental phenomena and other practices are not allowed.
2. The description is inaccurate or the level is not clear.
For example, in a chemical experiment, a precipitate appeared, but it was not accurate whether it was "crystal precipitation" or "amorphous precipitation." The description steps, some of the instructions are not listed in the order of operation, the results are not clear. Messy and other issues.
3. No specific terminology is used to illustrate things.
For example, the phrase "rotate in a mixture with a stick" is better than the special term "stirring", which makes the text concise and understandable.
4. Foreign languages, symbols, and formulas are inaccurate, and no uniform nouns and symbols are used.
Verify Ohm's law
[Experimental purpose] Deepen the understanding of Ohm's law through experiments, and be familiar with the use of ammeters, voltmeters, and varistors.
[Knowledge Preparation] Learning Relevant Theory
[Experimental equipment and devices] Equipment: ammeter, voltmeter, battery pack, fixed value resistance sliding varistor, wire, switch, device
[Experimental steps]
1. Connect the circuit as shown.
2. Keep the constant value r constant, move the copper piece of the sliding varistor, change the voltage applied across r, and measure the current intensity of the ammeter and voltmeter. The values of the voltages are in turn listed in Table 1.
3. Change the fixed value resistance and adjust the varistor at the same time, so that the voltage applied to the r ends remains unchanged. The value of the resistance r and the current intensity measured by the ammeter are sequentially filled in Table 2.
4. Through experimental analysis: when r is constant, the relationship between i and v and v is constant, the relationship between i and r.
Table I
r=4ωv0.4v0.8v 1.2v
i 0.1a0.2a0.3a
Table II
v=0.6vr1ω2ω 4ω
I0.6a0.3a0.15a
[Experimental record]
1. Adjusting the sliding varistor mine, observing the voltmeter and the ammeter, it can be seen that the voltage across the resistor r increases several times, and the current intensity through it also increases several times. This shows that the current intensity through the conductor is proportional to the voltage across the conductor when the resistance is constant.
2. Replacing different fixed value resistors, adjusting the sliding varistor mine, keeping the voltage of r constant, it can be seen that the value of the fixed value resistor r is increased several times, and the current intensity through it is reduced to a fraction. This means that the current intensity through the conductor is inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor when the voltage is constant.
[Experimental Summary]
The current intensity i in the conductor is proportional to the voltage v across the conductor and inversely proportional to the resistance r of the conductor. Expressed as: i=v/r.
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