Surveying experiment report
Surveying experiment report
Metrology involves human living space and is measured by including spatial regions in statistics, measurement lines, and monitoring. Its mission is determined from the topography and the universal gravitational field of the Earth to the Wei Land Survey, land property certification, new land space regulations and urban development.
First, the purpose of the experiment; because measurement is a very practical discipline, and measurement experiments play an important role in cultivating students' thinking and hands-on ability, mastering specific work programs and content. The purpose and requirements of the internship are to master the use of commonly used measuring instruments, to understand and understand the purpose and function of modern measuring instruments. In this experiment, we must pay attention to enable each student to participate in the exercises of various tasks, pay attention to the ability of students to work independently, strengthen the education of labor, teamwork and instrumental care, so that students can get more comprehensive exercise and improvement.
The measurement internship is an independent practical teaching course after the measurement theory teaching and experimental teaching. The purpose is to:
1. Further consolidate and deepen the understanding and mastery of the basic theory and technical methods of measurement, and make it systematic and integrated;
2. Through the whole process of internship, improve the operation ability and measurement and calculation ability of using surveying and mapping instruments. Master the principles and steps of measuring basic technical work;
3. Cultivate the ability to comprehensively analyze problems and solve problems in various practical aspects, and train rigorous scientific attitudes and work styles.
Second, the experimental content
Brief steps: 1) Develop a test route. Select a known level as the starting point of the elevation, denoted as a, and select a route with a certain length and a certain height difference as the route to be measured. Then start testing the first stop. The known elevation point a is used as the rear view, and the upper limit is selected on the upper side of the measuring route, and the appropriate position is selected as the first vertical point as the front view point, and the ruler pad is placed at the turning point 1, and the ruler is placed. Place the level at a position where the front and rear line of sight are approximately equal, read a1, record; then turn the telescope to aim the front reading b1 and record
2) Calculate the height difference. H1 = rear view reading - forward reading = a1 - b1, the result is recorded in the height difference column. Then move the instrument to the second station. The front view of the first station does not move to the rear view rule of the second station. The rear view ruler of the first station moves to the turn point 2 and becomes the front view rule of the second station. Observe, record, and calculate in the same way as the first station. According to the above procedure, continue to test according to the selected level route until the return to the starting level point bm1, and complete the observation record of the last station.
3) Results check. Calculate the height difference closure difference of the closed level route; if the height difference closure difference exceeds the limit, the calculation should be performed first. If the calculation is not a problem, the rework retest should be performed.
The selection of control points during the internship process is very important. The control points should be selected in a place with solid soil, easy to store and place the level gauge. The adjacent conductor points should have good visibility, which is convenient for measuring the angular distance. The side length is about 60 meters to 100 meters. about. I think there is a point in our group that is not very good, there are leaves blocking, but there is no way, because of the environment in that place, fortunately we can solve. There is leveling and alignment of the level and theodolite All need to be done, which directly affects your measurement results. The teaching practice of surveying is an important part of surveying. Its purpose is to consolidate and deepen the theoretical knowledge we have learned in our classrooms, to gain initial experience and basic skills in measuring practical work, to focus on cultivating our independent work ability, and to further master the measurement. The operation skills of the instrument, improve the calculation and drawing ability, and have a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the whole process of mapping large-scale topographic maps in small areas, laying a solid foundation for solving relevant measurement problems in practical work in the future.
Be careful when observing, sometimes the target is slightly biased, the reading on the reading plate will change, the error will increase, and it may exceed the allowable value range. The result will be retested and wasted a lot of time, so the observation is also very important. It is best to read by one person when reading, which can reduce the error.
Calculation is a cautious and complicated process. In order to be able to catch up with the progress as much as possible, most of the information in our group was handled by me and Li Li. However, after the calculation, we both have a task to talk to people in the group who will not process the data, so that everyone will handle it.
We also found a lot of problems when processing data. Sometimes a small distance is measured, and sometimes the angle is not correct. Finally, we restart the instrument with the instrument. Everyone has a sense of mission, and it must be measured accurately no matter what, can't be sloppy, and can't be opportunistic. Develop a good habit, have a noble morality, hold a serious and cautious attitude, and believe that this will become an inexhaustible wealth in our future work. Before rework, we carefully analyze the cause of the error. For example, the influence of the wind may affect our measurement results, so that we can exercise our ability to analyze the problem.
First of all, I have mastered the knowledge of measurement in the classroom and know how to correctly use level, theodolite, angle, height difference, etc. Measurement is the science of studying the shape and size of the earth and determining the ground position. Since it is to be measured, it is inseparable from practice. Practice is the best test of the knowledge of surveying. I only have a lot of specific knowledge in the classroom, especially the use of the instrument is a mess. When the first day began to measure, my heart was still bursting with a burst of enthusiasm: how to carry on the task. When you start, it is not difficult to find out. Listen to others or read the textbook, and then do it yourself. In order to improve efficiency and measurement accuracy, you should practice frequently so that you can do the opposite.
Secondly, I understand that everything must be done carefully and carefully. There must be no sloppy sloppyness, especially when using sophisticated instruments such as level gauges and theodolites. Because a slight error may lead to a large deviation of the data, it will lead to errors in other measurements in the future, and eventually lead to errors in data calculation. For example, when we first start measuring the angle, a reference point is not aimed, resulting in a small angle. Then the angle closure difference does not meet the requirements. After verification, it is found where the problem lies.
I also learned to work hard and learn the style of hard work. Once a measurement internship is completed, it is not enough to rely solely on one's strength and thinking. Only the cooperation and solidarity of the group can make the experiment complete quickly and efficiently. Each of our team members learned the knowledge and actually operated it, instead of grabbing the time, rushing to the progress, and rushing to work. We know that what we need to do in engineering is to be careful and rigorous.
Metrology involves human living space and is measured by including spatial regions in statistics, measurement lines, and monitoring. Its mission is determined from the topography and the universal gravitational field of the Earth to the Wei Land Survey, land property certification, new land space regulations and urban development.
First, the purpose of the experiment; because measurement is a very practical discipline, and measurement experiments play an important role in cultivating students' thinking and hands-on ability, mastering specific work programs and content. The purpose and requirements of the internship are to master the use of commonly used measuring instruments, to understand and understand the purpose and function of modern measuring instruments. In this experiment, we must pay attention to enable each student to participate in the exercises of various tasks, pay attention to the ability of students to work independently, strengthen the education of labor, teamwork and instrumental care, so that students can get more comprehensive exercise and improvement.
The measurement internship is an independent practical teaching course after the measurement theory teaching and experimental teaching. The purpose is to:
1. Further consolidate and deepen the understanding and mastery of the basic theory and technical methods of measurement, and make it systematic and integrated;
2. Through the whole process of internship, improve the operation ability and measurement and calculation ability of using surveying and mapping instruments. Master the principles and steps of measuring basic technical work;
3. Cultivate the ability to comprehensively analyze problems and solve problems in various practical aspects, and train rigorous scientific attitudes and work styles.
Second, the experimental content
Brief steps: 1) Develop a test route. Select a known level as the starting point of the elevation, denoted as a, and select a route with a certain length and a certain height difference as the route to be measured. Then start testing the first stop. The known elevation point a is used as the rear view, and the upper limit is selected on the upper side of the measuring route, and the appropriate position is selected as the first vertical point as the front view point, and the ruler pad is placed at the turning point 1, and the ruler is placed. Place the level at a position where the front and rear line of sight are approximately equal, read a1, record; then turn the telescope to aim the front reading b1 and record
2) Calculate the height difference. H1 = rear view reading - forward reading = a1 - b1, the result is recorded in the height difference column. Then move the instrument to the second station. The front view of the first station does not move to the rear view rule of the second station. The rear view ruler of the first station moves to the turn point 2 and becomes the front view rule of the second station. Observe, record, and calculate in the same way as the first station. According to the above procedure, continue to test according to the selected level route until the return to the starting level point bm1, and complete the observation record of the last station.
3) Results check. Calculate the height difference closure difference of the closed level route; if the height difference closure difference exceeds the limit, the calculation should be performed first. If the calculation is not a problem, the rework retest should be performed.
The selection of control points during the internship process is very important. The control points should be selected in a place with solid soil, easy to store and place the level gauge. The adjacent conductor points should have good visibility, which is convenient for measuring the angular distance. The side length is about 60 meters to 100 meters. about. I think there is a point in our group that is not very good, there are leaves blocking, but there is no way, because of the environment in that place, fortunately we can solve. There is leveling and alignment of the level and theodolite All need to be done, which directly affects your measurement results. The teaching practice of surveying is an important part of surveying. Its purpose is to consolidate and deepen the theoretical knowledge we have learned in our classrooms, to gain initial experience and basic skills in measuring practical work, to focus on cultivating our independent work ability, and to further master the measurement. The operation skills of the instrument, improve the calculation and drawing ability, and have a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the whole process of mapping large-scale topographic maps in small areas, laying a solid foundation for solving relevant measurement problems in practical work in the future.
Be careful when observing, sometimes the target is slightly biased, the reading on the reading plate will change, the error will increase, and it may exceed the allowable value range. The result will be retested and wasted a lot of time, so the observation is also very important. It is best to read by one person when reading, which can reduce the error.
Calculation is a cautious and complicated process. In order to be able to catch up with the progress as much as possible, most of the information in our group was handled by me and Li Li. However, after the calculation, we both have a task to talk to people in the group who will not process the data, so that everyone will handle it.
We also found a lot of problems when processing data. Sometimes a small distance is measured, and sometimes the angle is not correct. Finally, we restart the instrument with the instrument. Everyone has a sense of mission, and it must be measured accurately no matter what, can't be sloppy, and can't be opportunistic. Develop a good habit, have a noble morality, hold a serious and cautious attitude, and believe that this will become an inexhaustible wealth in our future work. Before rework, we carefully analyze the cause of the error. For example, the influence of the wind may affect our measurement results, so that we can exercise our ability to analyze the problem.
First of all, I have mastered the knowledge of measurement in the classroom and know how to correctly use level, theodolite, angle, height difference, etc. Measurement is the science of studying the shape and size of the earth and determining the ground position. Since it is to be measured, it is inseparable from practice. Practice is the best test of the knowledge of surveying. I only have a lot of specific knowledge in the classroom, especially the use of the instrument is a mess. When the first day began to measure, my heart was still bursting with a burst of enthusiasm: how to carry on the task. When you start, it is not difficult to find out. Listen to others or read the textbook, and then do it yourself. In order to improve efficiency and measurement accuracy, you should practice frequently so that you can do the opposite.
Secondly, I understand that everything must be done carefully and carefully. There must be no sloppy sloppyness, especially when using sophisticated instruments such as level gauges and theodolites. Because a slight error may lead to a large deviation of the data, it will lead to errors in other measurements in the future, and eventually lead to errors in data calculation. For example, when we first start measuring the angle, a reference point is not aimed, resulting in a small angle. Then the angle closure difference does not meet the requirements. After verification, it is found where the problem lies.
I also learned to work hard and learn the style of hard work. Once a measurement internship is completed, it is not enough to rely solely on one's strength and thinking. Only the cooperation and solidarity of the group can make the experiment complete quickly and efficiently. Each of our team members learned the knowledge and actually operated it, instead of grabbing the time, rushing to the progress, and rushing to work. We know that what we need to do in engineering is to be careful and rigorous.
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