Basic knowledge of document writing

First, the official writing of official documents requires a document as a special article. In addition to the general rules of writing, it is necessary to follow some special rules. The basic requirements of official document writing are the reflection of these laws. The content is: "Fa", truth-seeking, fit, concise, rigorous, accurate, standardized, complete, clear, and durable.
Second, the rules of the rules of writing rules are about the correct and effective delivery of documents, but also the guiding basis for the preparation of official documents. Obeying the rules of the rules is of great significance.
The main contents of the rules of the text include: accurate writing according to the working relationship between the agencies; choosing the appropriate way of writing, generally not the level of writing; correct choice of the main delivery, copying authority; clear permission to issue documents, not to exceed the right to write; adhere to the "party and government files Separate"; when the joint text is written, the author should be "same level"; before the text, it is necessary to agree on relevant issues; strictly control the number of files and simplify the formalities.
Third, the manuscript writing standard specification is mainly related to: manuscript paper requirements; graphic area regulations; use of manuscript paper; writing format requirements; font and use of various units of measurement; use of punctuation marks; foreign language letters; Representation; serial number representation; requirements for label format design, typesetting, printing notes; modification of the document; labeling of the page number; processing of the annotation; processing of the formula; arrangement of the table in the text.
Fourth, the general steps of document writing, preparation before the official document writing
1. Clear the purpose and requirements of the text.
2. Establish the subject of the official document.
3. Selected official documents.
4. Possession of materials.
5. Determine the specific expression.
Drafting
1. Arrange the structure, first, determine the overall composition; second, determine the specific composition of the text, solve the order of the various components, arrange the levels, the connection and transformation between the paragraphs, and handle the beginning and the end.
2. Prepare a writing outline.
3. Formally draft a manuscript.
The audit amendments for reviewing the revised manuscript should be carried out in a serious and serious manner, and should be carried out according to the prescribed procedures.
V. The linguistic features of official documents The main features of official documents are: solemn, accurate, simple, refined, rigorous, and normative. These characteristics are embodied in official documents, official documents, official documents, and official rhetoric.
Six, the choice of official documents
In the process of selecting words, we should pay attention to: carefully discriminate the exact meaning of words, make the meaning of words conform to objective reality; pay attention to distinguish the emotional color of words, to correctly express the author's position; pay attention to the influence of word sound and intonation on semantics, Improve the expression effect; pay attention to the correct matching between words, follow the rules of language; pay attention to the requirements of the style of words in the specific use of official documents, maintain the seriousness and enforceability of official documents; pay attention to the characteristics of the specific recipients of the official documents, to "targeted "Easy to understand and implement; pay attention to the selection of words according to the special nature of the people and things involved in the official document to obtain a more direct and direct expression; pay attention to the selection of words according to the needs of the context to maintain the complete validity of the official document; The different characteristics of the choice of words to ensure that the language is appropriate and powerful; pay attention to the normative nature of the words, in order to improve the effect of document communication, expand the scope of communication.
7. The expression of special things and concepts in official documents requires that in addition to the general grammatical rules and logical rules, certain special requirements must be followed in the process of expressing the things and concepts involved in the official documents. Note: the expression of time; the expression of space; the expression of position, name; the expression of quantity; the expression of range; the expression of degree; the expression of tone and expression.
Eight, the rhetoric of official documentary rhetoric in its pursuit of results, accurate and distinct, simple and smooth, refined and smooth, against vague and warm, cumbersome, frivolous creation, emphasis on the beauty but not only form beauty; in terms of rhetoric Mainly with negative rhetoric techniques, supplemented by active rhetoric techniques, focusing on the choice of word chain and chapters, and prudent use of rhetoric.
Nine, document-specific words due to the ideology and the need to express special colors, there are some words with high frequency in the official documents. These words are certain, the meaning of the words is precise and specific, the purpose is stable and specialized, and they are familiar to the people engaged in official documents. It is a document-specific term. Correct use of official-language words can make the writer easy, readers will be able to ensure that the ideology is appropriate, understanding the precise and strict, can improve the quality and efficiency of the production and processing of official documents.
Depending on the specific use, the official document can be divided into a variety of words, among which the more common are: the title words, the narrative words, the narrative words, the supplementary words, the transfer words, pray words, negotiate words, accept words, Look forward to words, knowing words, admonishing words, insight words, judgment words, tense words, purpose words, submitting words, issuing words, checking words, ending words, etc.
X. The simplification of official language expression simplifies the expression of official language. The main methods are: cancel, compress, replace, merge.
XI. The general method of avoiding ambiguity in official documents refers to a linguistic phenomenon in which two or more interpretations of sentences can be formed at the same time. In the archives, ambiguity is a very harmful language disease. It is impossible for the author and the recipient to establish a consistent understanding of the contents of the archives, and communication purposes cannot be achieved. Therefore, ambiguity must be avoided.
The main way to eliminate ambiguity is language transformation; prohibit abuse of ellipsis; add necessary qualified modifiers in sentences; disable exaggeration, anthropomorphism, irony, puns and other figures of speech; tone usually does not add semantics, and must be punctuated as auxiliary expression Ways to ensure that the meaning of the statement is single and clear; provide the fullest possible language environment in context.
Basic knowledge of document writing
1. Official documents, that is, official documents, are all kinds of written materials used by party and government organs, enterprises and institutions, and social organizations in the course of official activities.
2. The narrow sense of official documents refers to 13 types of 14 kinds of official documents as stipulated in the “Measures for the Administration of Official Documents of State Administrative Organs”; the broad-based official documents include not only official documents in the narrow sense, but also official documents of the judicial, military, diplomatic, scientific and technological departments, and commonly used documents of the organs. Such as proposals, invitations, etc. Also includes market research reports, business brochures, etc. that have emerged since the reform and opening up.
3, according to the scope of use, the official documents are divided into government official documents, special official documents, economic documents and daily affairs.
4. Administrative documents include statutory and illegal texts. The statutory language is 13 categories, 14 orders, orders, decisions, announcements, notices, notices, notices, motions, reports, requests, approvals, opinions, letters, minutes of meetings.
Non-statutory texts are 9 categories and 14 types, namely plans, summaries, investigation reports, briefings, speeches, proposals, proposals, contracts, letters of appointment, articles of association, regulations, regulations, methods, telegrams.
5, special official documents: used in scientific research, finance, justice, military, diplomatic and other departments. Including scientific research documents, financial documents, judicial documents, military documents, diplomatic documents, etc. such as scientific research reports, experimental reports, feasibility reports, academic papers, Design specifications, indictments, indictments, legal opinions, defenses, judgments, audit reports, instructions, notes, treaties, statements, etc.

6, economic documents: including economic contract, market research report, market forecast report, economic activity analysis report, production and sales analysis report, quality analysis report, advertising, letter of intent, business brochures, etc.
7, daily affairs documents: including rules and regulations, briefings, plans, summaries, speeches, debriefing reports, proposals, proposals, challenge books, praise letters, thank you letters, condolence letters, letters of appointment, invitations, certificates, letters of introduction, Notice and so on.
8, according to the direction of the text, the official documents are divided into: uplink, downlink, parallel text.
9, according to the source and direction of operation are divided into: receiving, sending, and sending text.
10, according to the processing time limit is divided into: emergency documents, usually on the same day; urgent office documents, usually within 3 days to recover; regular documents, usually within 7-10 days.
11, according to the degree of confidentiality: top secret files, confidential files, secret files, ordinary documents.
12, what are the characteristics of the official document?
First, legality Second, authoritative Third, practicality Fourth, normative Five, timeliness
13, what are the main ways to improve the ability to write documents?
First, participate in practice and enhance overall quality.
Political Qualities Economic Awareness Second, learn collaborative knowledge, familiar with common styles, and read more about ancient and modern Chinese and foreign models.
14. The report is a report of the lower-level organs reporting to the higher authorities, reflecting the situation, and proposing the recommendations. The report is divided into report reports and report.
15. The report mainly includes the title, the text number, the main newspaper authority, the main body, the issuing authority, the date of issue, etc. If there is an attached file, the number and name of the attached file should be written after the space below the text. The reporting authority should write in the lower part of the last page.
16. Please indicate: It is the upstream text of the lower-level authority requesting the higher-level authority to give a request for a certain work and matters.
17, the characteristics of the request:
One, one article, one thing, two, can not be a long-term request, three, generally can not be leapfrog
18, the request includes the title, the text number, the main delivery agency, the body, the issuing authority, the date of issue, etc.
19. What is the difference between the request and the report?
First, the content is different. The request is a single article, the report content can be extensive.
Second, the object is different: the request is only sent to a leading agency, the report can be sent by the bulls.
Third, the processing method is different: the request needs to be approved, and the report generally does not need to be approved.
Fourth, the writing time is different. The request is written in advance, and the report can be written beforehand, in the event, after the event.
20, the characteristics of the letter: free writing, versatile, flexible and diverse.
21, the type of letter: business letter, inquiry letter, reply letter, request letter, Zhou Zhi letter.
22. The duty record refers to the written materials that are recorded during the work, and the customer's opinions or suggestions are truthfully recorded.
23, the characteristics of the duty record are: First, the recordability Second, directness Third, originality