Document writing should pay attention to short and fine

Document writing should pay attention to short and fine

As early as more than 50 years ago, Comrade Mao Zedong in the article "The Eighth Party of the Opposition" asked us to "study how the article was written short. It was written in a more subtle way." For this issue, Comrade Zhou Enlai also persevered in the 1950s. It is proposed that "the text is vague and unclear, general and unclear. Miscellaneous and inaccurate; grammar is confusing and unorganized, and mistakes are not passed; the meaning of the text is often illogical and lacks dialecence; the style of writing is rigid and rigid, not lively. This is today The general problem of the general file." The teachings of the revolutionary leaders, although it has been in the past few decades, but read today, still intimate, cut the shortcomings.

Let's take a look at two examples:

In the early days of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, due to the rapid progress of the Chinese People's Volunteers and the strict ground and air blockade of the enemy, the volunteers had serious difficulties in providing supplies. At that time, Comrade Peng Dehuai, commander of the Volunteer Army, personally wrote to the Party Central Committee an urgent telegram with only six words: "Hungry, no food, no clothes." After receiving the telegram, Comrade Mao Zedong immediately ordered Comrade Zhou Enlai to take it. In the emergency measures, a large number of military resources were continuously transported into the Korean battlefield, ensuring the smooth implementation of the second battle.

In the summer of 47 BC, Caesar, the outstanding military commander of the Roman Republic, defeated the army of the prince of Bento in just five days after he led the army to capture Egypt and swept the army with lightning speed. , occupied a large area of ​​Asia Minor. Caesar was eager to write a report to the Roman government at this time: "I am, I see, I win."

In summary, the generality of Peng’s telegraph is so arrogant; the greatness of Caesar’s battle report is commendable. The two can be described as cherished with gold, simple and concise, and can be called a model of military documents, and it is also an example for us to write from today's official writers.

Then, how does the writing of contemporary official documents eradicate the shortcomings and strive to be short?

First of all, try to be single-minded and avoid content confusion.

There is a XX City Taxation Bureau's main XX Taxation Bureau's approval for tax exemption: "The car bulbs produced by your district's light bulb factory have caused losses due to the introduction of technology and the payment of management fees. Opinions, the product will continue to be exempted from industrial and commercial tax for one year for the year of 19××. The tax will be resumed immediately after the expiration of the product, and no further reduction or exemption will be reported.” Then, the second paragraph wrote: “I hope to assist The factory took effective measures to solve problems in production, improve management, strengthen economic accounting, and reverse losses. This approval is obviously a multi-purpose. The original center is the approval opinion for the application for tax exemption for the XX District Bulb Factory. The attitude of the Municipal Bureau has been clearly indicated in the first paragraph, and this article should be closed. The second paragraph has nothing to do with the subject matter and should be deleted.

Writing a document requires a single article and a single subject. If the contents of the official documents are mixed, the purpose of the article will inevitably make the recipients unable to take the lead and affect the validity of the official documents. Therefore, the official writer must work harder on the idea and the refining.

Secondly, try to get straight to the point and avoid bending around the mountains.

At present, some of the grassroots units have a set of documents that are not in the margins at the beginning. They are under the guidance of the relevant policies of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and under the cordial care of leaders at the provincial, prefecture and county levels, at XXX, Under the personal command of the ××× leader...” It seems that if you don’t write this, it’s not enough to show the power of the policy and the attention of the leader. It’s just as funny as Russell’s “Wanyan board”. What is the official document like this? Belinsky said: "If the first line is too far, then this paper must be a series of words, leaving thousands of miles; if the first line is in contact with the event, then this article is a good article." This truth, right Official document writing is also applicable.

"Open the door to see the mountain" is one of the basic techniques for making the official document concentrate, refined and bright. "Opening the door to see the mountain" is also called "inverted hanging method", which is characterized by the first argument and the post argument, that is, from the beginning of the official document, the results, conclusions, and objectives are put forward, and then the process, the situation, and the reason. This technique is not only used at the beginning of the official document, but also for documents with several levels or paragraphs, which are used at each level or paragraph. If it is only used at the beginning of the official document, and each large level or paragraph is like "October pregnancy," after a long process, the result will appear, so that the effect of "opening the door" at the beginning of the official document will be greatly inferior.

Third, strive to be clear and leafy, avoid ten stems and one leaf

According to legend, Wang Qi, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, was very conceited when he was young. One day, he came to the bamboo garden to enjoy the play, but when he saw the green bamboo bushes and the green leaves, he couldn’t help but hope that the bamboo business would write a joint: "Ye yan thousand swords, dry all the guns." After writing carefully, I feel quite, I showed it to my friends. After I was praised, I was more self-satisfied. So I hung it in Zhongtang and boasted Haikou: "There are people who can pick me up. I am willing to pay for ten gold." A few days passed, no one was there. Picky; Wang Qi is even more arrogant. Who knows that on the eighth night, Su Dongpo suddenly came to the door, and after reading this, he fell asleep. Wang pretending to be humble, said: "Long-term respect for the teacher's name, such as Lei Guan Er. Late life sincere advice to teach one or two." Su Shi opened the door and said: "Good, although good, ten dry and one leaf." Wang Qi listened, stunned, shyly took off couplet. Although the story of "Ten dry and one leaf" is a legend, Su Dongpo's criticism is thought-provoking.

Today, in the official document writing, there is still a lack of manuscripts that are empty and reasonable, empty-handed, empty-table, and empty. Similar to dry leaves or dry leaves, making people seem dry and tasteless, not mind. Therefore, writing a document must deal with the relationship between "dry" and "leaf", so that the purpose is clear, that is, the subject is clear, the pulse is clear: Ye Mao, that is, blood and flesh, full of vitality. This kind of "leaf" should be a green leaf that fully displays vitality. It is necessary to carefully select, cut, match, and decorate the materials that are occupied, whether it is the whole material, typical materials, background materials and comparative materials. Do not list the phenomenon, open the Chinese medicine shop. If this is the case, the disadvantages of “one stem and one leaf” can be eliminated, and the effect of “drying the leaves” can be achieved.

Fourth, strive to be simple and simple, and avoid all sorts of words.

In the official documents of some grassroots units, the headache is too much. Such as the flooding of the "under", endless "combination", endless "base." Exaggerated "personal", often "difficult", "scratch", "serious", "very"... In a publication, there was such a joke about the "Reporting" of the construction progress report of a power station construction project: "Under the personal leadership of Zhang, the entire construction site is in full swing and the progress is accelerated. Engineers and technicians personally work on the site, and the mixers personally Mixing the mortar, the pouring worker personally watered the dam foundation, the driver personally transported the materials, the cook personally cooked the food and cooked the food, and sent the hot meals to the construction site personally..." Although this is a joke, but in practice similar slang There are many examples.

Shakespeare once said: "What is calculated, the hound will follow its owner, the monkey will follow its breeder, and the horse will listen to its jockey." Zheng Banqiao also said: "Scholars are self-evident ". When writing a document, it is impossible not to refer to the various materials on hand, but you can't copy it, you can only "assemble" and seek the best combination of words, that is, your own. Official document writing is to make such a hard work, instead of always turning around in books, archives, and data piles, climbing the grid, satisfying the photocopying set, and doing some "children’s talks about the five classics, white hair and death sentences. ".

Fifth, the words of good and good words, avoid folding bed frames

Another common phenomenon in official document writing is the stacked bed frame house. Repeatedly cumbersome. To sum up, there are roughly the following situations: First, stacked bed houses caused by unclear connotations, such as "Members of all comrades", "involved", "must have", "big catastrophe", "continue further", etc.; The second is the folding bed frame house caused by unclear extension, such as "reflecting the situation and problems", "learning the relevant policy provisions", etc.; third, the stacking bed frame caused by unclear grammatical meaning, such as "the most resolute support "It is very, very passionate," "I need to investigate and deal with major problems as soon as possible", etc.; the fourth is a non-speech bed room, such as "I have realized through learning...", "I realized in only one year." ......", "It has been completed by the end of May..." and so on. The cause of these stacked bed frames is the lack of precision and strength in the wording.

There are two old sayings: "Close the door and close the house to cover the firewood, a lonely person alone." This words are catchy, sounds pleasing to the ear, making sentences cleverly, with humor. However, the three phrases in the first two sentences only indicate two meanings: "close the door" and "one". It is specifically used to satirize those who are stacked and stacked, and this kind of malpractice is a taboo for official writing.

Sixth, strive to be a thousand words, avoid swaying

Some writers are always used to writing long texts. The pens are always thousands of words and tens of thousands of words. As if they are not long, they are not thorough, they are not comprehensive, they cannot solve problems, and they cannot show their own broad ideas. And writing talent, so it is not valued by the higher authorities and won the favor of the leadership. Lenin, the revolutionary instructor of the proletariat, hated the lengthy and complicated articles. He once wrote to Ikyanov such a statement: "Can you try to send a brief report about your situation... and your simple work plan. Please write shorter, using the telegraph style, If necessary, you can add an attached file. If you write long, I don’t look at it at all, and I don’t want to read it.” This sentence should be the motto of a secretary’s official document.

Throughout the ages, many celebrities in our country have paid great attention to careful writing in their writings and strived for a thousand words. After Ouyang Xiu's mother died, his disciple Su Shi went to mourn and wrote a ritual that was later circulated by the world. He said: "Meng Yu Ya Sheng, the mother of the mother also; the wife is a child, although he is not regrettable. Shang Yi." The ritual uses a proper metaphor to highly summarize and praise the mother's teachings. In addition to the end of the usual "Shang Yi", the text has only 18 words, and the wording is decent, meaning meaningful, so that the deceased smiles in Jiuquan and makes the living happy. In the autumn of 1938, Chen Jiageng, the chairman of the Nanyang Overseas Chinese Association, heard that Wang Jingwei had compromised his words and deeds on the Japanese invaders. He even asked the three telegrams to chase and ask Wang Jingwei, and published them in various newspapers in Singapore, causing widespread attention from public opinion at home and abroad. . On November 1, the second meeting of the National Political Participation Council opened in Chongqing. As a political commissar, Tan Kah Kee took a telegram proposal from Singapore with only 11 words: "The enemy has not left the national foreword and is now Han*." At that time, Wang Jingwei, who was the chairman of the conference, was very annoyed, but could not be public at the conference. Read out. As a result, this proposal was passed by a majority of votes and became a resolution of the General Assembly. Soon, Wang Jingwei really defected from Chongqing to the enemy and became a man*. Chen Jiageng heard the news and once again slandered Wang’s quest for prosperity in various newspapers. After the event, people were convinced by Mr. Chen’s foresight and Zhongganyi. This telegraph proposal was called by Mr. Zou Yufen as “the greatest proposal in ancient and modern China and foreign countries”.

"One word enters the official document, and the nine cows can't pull out." The official language should be plain, simple, accurate, and precise. This requires the writer of the official document to elaborate the words and make the sentence, and then repeatedly weigh the trade-offs. Strict, rigorous, and rigorous scientific attitude, endeavor to delete all necessary words, sentences, paragraphs, and write brief and concise, short and fine official documents.