On the research field of secretarial studies
On the Research Field of Secretarial Studies--On the Repetitive Phenomena of Secretarial Studies--In the Research and Teaching of Secretarial Studies, It is often difficult to define the research field of secretarial studies, as well as secretarial studies and related disciplines. The repetition is confused. How to solve this confusion? The author has been thinking for a long time, and now the results are compiled into texts to teach experts.
I. Repeated phenomenon is neglected In the construction of secretarial studies, the phenomenon of repeated research is more common, and so far has not attracted the attention of the secretarial academic community. If this phenomenon continues to exist and spread, it will not only affect the development and maturity of secretarial studies, but also be detrimental to the teaching of secretarial science and the curriculum construction of secretarial professions.
The repetition of the study of secretarial studies refers to some similarities or similarities in the research of secretarial studies and related disciplines such as clerical, official writing, archival and administrative management. Its specific performance is as follows:
First, secretarial studies and clerical studies are repeated. The existing book of persuasion books has the content of instrumental science almost without exception, but most of them copy the research results of the paperwork, such as the general knowledge of the paperwork, the tasks and principles of the paperwork, the procedures and requirements of the paperwork, and even The book is rolled up, and so on. A secretary's work in the author's desk, with nearly one-sixth of the book, discusses paperwork and paperwork in detail, including the paper-based business. 1
Second, secretarial and official writing are repeated. Most secretarial works have studied some of the contents of official document writing, and they have studied from micro-operations. Among them are the writing of various general-purpose documents, the writing of institutional documents, the writing of economic documents, foreign-related documents and communicative documents, and even the writing of academic papers. As one of the corporate secretarial books that the author has collected, nearly half of the papers are about the writing of corporate documents. 2 There is another secretary's book, which uses more than two-thirds of the space to discuss the writing of various styles, which is similar to a writing textbook. 3
Third, secretarial studies and archival studies are repeated.
There are quite a few secretarial works, all of which discuss the work of archives and archives in independent chapters and long sections, mainly the archives work of the organs, and their contents are no different from some parts of archival science. For example, the author’s alternate secretarial work systematically discusses the nature of archival work, the principles of archival work and the role of archival work, as well as business knowledge such as collection, collation, identification, custody, statistics and provision of archives. Introduced the types, tasks and systems of the archives. "These contents are obviously the same as the relevant parts of archival science, especially file management. The secretarial textbook edited by the author also puts the archives work into the research field of secretarial science. 5
Fourth, the repetition of secretarial studies and administrative management.
Some secretaries have learned more about the content of administrative management. As a writer's book at hand, under the heading "Administration and Administration", it discusses the principles of administrative management and administration, administrative leadership and administrative decision-making, administrative organization and administrative organs, administrative law and administrative methods, personnel affairs under the heading "Administration and Administration". Administrative and financial administration, administrative reform and administrative efficiency have little to do with secretarial studies. “There is another secretarial work, which discusses the logistics of infrastructure, real estate, materials, finance, vehicles, canteens, hotels, guest houses and institutional environments.
It is not difficult to see that the repetition of secretarial studies is common and serious. No wonder some people doubt that secretarial science can become a science. It is no wonder that some people think that secretarial science is just a multi-disciplinary patchwork. Although the views are biased, the problem does exist. What is the crux of the problem? In my opinion, there are roughly the following the reason:
First, due to the rapid development of secretarial studies, many researchers have neglected the study of secretarial theory, such as the subject of secretarial studies, subject classification, research content, research fields, knowledge systems and related disciplines. In a certain sense, the rise of secretarial studies began in the context of insufficient theoretical preparation, with some innate shortcomings.
Secondly, since secretarial work is inextricably linked to paperwork, word work and archival work, and the work of the secretary has so far included paperwork and word work, the intersection or repetition of secretarial and clerical writing, official writing and archival science has historical necessity. . In addition, the study of secretarial studies did not deal with the relationship between reference and creation, and contributed to the occurrence of repetitive phenomena.
Third, because the secretarial criticism is lagging behind the study of secretarial studies, the academic lack of necessary contending and criticism, such as the theoretical subject of such a critical field of secretarial studies, has not been able to carry out serious discussions so far. Therefore, although the secretarial writings have appeared, the repetitive phenomenon is still the same.
Second, whether the research field can delineate any science and its sub-disciplines, because of the disciplines, has its own specific research fields. So, how to divide the boundaries of the field of secretarial studies? The author believes that this needs to clarify the following three questions:
First of all, it is to recognize the problem. In the understanding of dividing the boundaries of research, we must adhere to the two-point theory: on the one hand, we must admit that delineating the research field for secretarial studies may be just a gesture and even a risk of failure. This is because different researchers have different research interests, research priorities, research levels, research perspectives and research methods. Furthermore, any division, even the most authoritative division, lacks the power of restraint. On the other hand, it should be acknowledged that if the research field is not roughly divided, there will be two consequences: one is the indiscriminate study, which leads to the secretarial study; the second is that the research field is too narrow, leading to the study of secretarial studies. It is difficult to expand. No matter what kind of consequences, it hinders the construction and development of secretarial studies. The correct understanding should be like the American sociologist Alex Inkers: "The boundaries should be like a large cloak that can outline the shape, not a set of stiff armor. People who defend other disciplines ask for the same territory, but it is too restrictive 8
Second, it is a point of view. As a science, secretarial studies, even if the research content is huge, and the research field is extensive, there must always be a limit. To divide the research field into secretarial studies, we must first adhere to the development perspective, that is, the process of evolution from the secretarial science itself, to divide its research field. The original research field of secretarial studies is very extensive. For example, the literary works of the Qing Dynasty include the names of criminal names, money valleys, registrations, books, and competitions. During the Republic of China, due to the reform of the political system, the secretarial work began to focus on the writing of documents, document processing and file management, so the research papers and archives were published. In the 1950s and 1960s, the archives work was gradually independent, and the archives were self-contained; the paperwork was becoming more and more perfect, and the clues began to rise. Since the 1980s, writing has set a new door and administrative science has matured. That is to say, from the point of view of development, there are many research contents that are constantly diverging from secretarial studies and no longer belong to the field of secretarial studies. It is true that some research content has continued to enter the field of secretarial research, such as secretarial talent, secretarial education, secretarial psychology and secretarial aesthetics. If the research content that has already been differentiated remains in the secretarial science, or the research content that has already entered the secretarial science continues to be rejected, it is not conducive to scientifically dividing the research field of secretarial science.
Again, it is a route problem. To divide the research field into secretarial studies, we must also solve the problem. Drawing on the research results of sociology, the author believes that there are three ways to use: First, the historical approach, that is, through the study of early secretarial works, to find out what the founders are most concerned about and interested in. From the several secretarial works published in the early 1980s, the secrets and interest of secretarial researchers at that time were secretarial history, secretarial organization, secretarial practice, and secretarial staff. Among them, the secretarial practice includes the research content of related disciplines such as document processing, document writing and archival work. "Affected by it, most of the subsequent secretarial works have followed the above research content and become a tradition. It is not difficult to find that the historical approach can keep the research field of secretarial studies relatively stable and ensure the development of secretarial studies. Continuity. But it also has the danger of rigidity, because the tradition has a conservative nature. The second is the way of reality, that is, through the study of recent secretarial works, to explore what researchers are most concerned about to determine the study of secretarial studies. In the field of more than ten secretarial works in the early 1990s, in addition to continuing to retain the traditional fields of secretary history, secretarial organization, secretarial practice and secretarial staff, new decision-making, communication information, supervision and inspection, and new Public relations and office automation, etc. 10 This change is not a researcher's whim, but an inevitable outcome of socio-economic and scientific and technological development. However, the repetition of secretarial research still exists, and there is an expanding trend, except for the lineage. In addition to document processing, document writing and file management, certain knowledge of administrative management has become one of the research areas of secretarial science. This is some degree of retrogression. The third is comparable way, that is, by comparison of secretarial science and related disciplines analysis, to distinguish their research from a range of general, will not be returned to belong Secretarial content related disciplines.
Third, the secretaries of the secretaries know how many divisions of the research field of secretarial studies should be based on the principle that the width should not be narrow, so as to outline a large "cloak". Based on the existing secretarial work, the author intends to define the research field of secretarial studies as four areas and 25 items:
The history of secretary secretary history is the process of origin, formation and evolution of the research secretary. Its tasks are threefold: one is to describe the evolution of secretarial activities; the other is to summarize the historical experience of secretarial activities; the third is to explore the development of secretarial activities. The study of the history of secretaries should include the following contents: the history of Chinese secretaries, that is, the process of comprehensively studying the origin, formation, and evolution of Chinese secretarial activities; the history of foreign secretaries, the process of comprehensively studying the origin, formation, and evolution of foreign secretarial activities; History, the process of studying the evolution of the secretarial activities of a certain country or region; the history of the secretary of the generation, that is, the process of studying the evolution of the secretarial activities of a certain dynasty or a certain historical stage; the history of the special secretary, that is, specializing in the development of a secretarial activity The process of secretarial thought, that is, the study of theories and propositions of different classes, classes, and characters on secretarial activities in history.
The Secretary's theoretical secretary theory refers to the rational understanding of the secretarial phenomenon, secretarial activities, and secretarial science. There are three basic functions: one is description; the second is prophecy; the third is explanation. 1 Secretary theoretical research should include the following: basic secretary theory, that is, the research secretary's own theory, such as the subject of the secretarial science, the logical starting point, the knowledge system, related disciplines, the nature of the discipline, research methods and historical evolution. Applying secretarial theory, that is, the theory of research secretary activities and their constituent elements, such as the nature and characteristics of secretarial activities, the functions and efficiency of secretarial activities, and the subject of secretarial activities, the objects of secretarial activities, the space of secretarial activities, and the medium of secretarial activities. Wait. In addition, there are secretarial activities in the industry or department. The theory of cross-secretary, that is, the theory of the marginal discipline formed by the study of the secretarial study and other disciplines.
The secretarial business secretarial business refers to the professional work of the secretarial staff or the secretarial department. As the secretarial work is more extensive and expands, the secretarial business also increases. The main contents are: text work, that is, the drafting and review of manuscripts; paperwork, that is, the issuance, transmission, handling and custody of documents; information work, that is, the collection, processing, provision, storage and retrieval of information Coordination work, that is, the adjustment and improvement of the relationship between organizations, between work and between people; supervision work, that is, supervision and inspection of major decisions, central work, important actions and leadership assignments; , that is, the letter processing of the people's people and the reception work;
The work of the proposal, that is, the handling of opinions, suggestions, criticisms, proposals and proposals submitted by the National People's Congress, the CPPCC, the Staff Representative Conference, etc.; the work of the meeting, that is, the preparation, organization and aftermath of the meeting and the meeting; the reception work, that is, the guests The welcoming, hospitality and service work; on duty, that is, fixed or rotated work in the duty room; confidential work, that is, the work of conserving and protecting secrets so that they do not leak; other work, that is, leading temporary or sudden work .
Secretary technical secretary technology refers to the methods, means and skills used by secretarial staff to handle matters. Compared with the secretarial business, it is more practical and dynamic, and its function is mainly to cultivate the secretary's operational ability. The secretary's technology should include the following: the secretarial working method, that is, the method, procedure, route and skill used by the secretary or the secretarial department to handle the affairs of the secretary; the secretary's office, that is, the secretarial staff, according to a certain system and with certain means Office of the official office 5, the office equipment used by the secretarial staff to achieve certain office purposes, operating technology and operating procedures; public relations art, that is, the use of secretarial personnel to achieve "integration within the unity, development outside" A range of public relations measures, methods and techniques.
The above four regions and 25 items are for the current main research areas of secretarial studies. It can be predicted that with the deepening of secretarial research and the development of related disciplines, the research field of secretarial studies will continue to change.
Note:
1 Wang Ximei, Wang Jingqing, Editor-in-Chief: General Theory of Modern Secretaries, Ocean Publishing House, 1993 edition, pp. 90-167. 2 Qian Yuyu, Liu Kaiwen: Business Secretarial Studies, Sichuan Nationalities Publishing House, 1987 edition, pp. 1, 99-381.
2 Jin An and Chang Chongyi, "Introduction to Secretarial Studies", Yunnan People's Publishing House, 1984 edition, pp. 89-305.
4 Xilin and Wu Changyou, editor: The Secretarial Science, Liaoning University Press, 1989, pp. 185-203.
5 Dong Jichao, Editor: The Secretary of the Course, Central Radio and Television University Press, 1993 edition, pp. 184-202.
6 Yuan Weiguo, ed., “Secretary Studies”, Guangdong Higher Education Press, 1987 edition, pp. 111-142.
7 Yu Yusheng, ed., General Secretary, Tongji University Press, 1991, pp. 257-278.
8 [America] Alex Inkers: "What is Sociology?", China Social Sciences Press, l 981, p.
The secretarial works published in the early 1980s include "Introduction to Secretarial Studies" by Weng Shirong, "Secretary and Secretarial Work" edited by Wang Qiangong, "Introduction to Secretarial Studies" by Zhang Jinan and Chang Chongyi, edited by Sun Yunjie and Wang Shenxian. "Practical Secretary".
The secretarial works published in the early 1990s include "Introduction to Modern Secretarial Studies" edited by Zhong Hui, "Secretary Studies" edited by Yuan Weiguo, "General Secretarial Studies" by Buildings, and "Secretary Courses" edited by Cheng Minghua. Rao Shiqi, Zeng Bin's "Introduction to Secretarial Studies", "Secretary Learning Course" by Lushan Guan, "Secretary Theory and Practice" edited by Ren Qun, "Basic Principles of Secretarial Studies" edited by Lu Guocheng and Fang Guoxiong, Wang Ximei and Wang Jing Qing's "General Secretary of General Studies", Dong Jichao's "Secretary Course", Zhang Yuying's "Contemporary Secretary", Huang Tonghua and Lu Honghui's "New Secretary", and so on.
10[United States] Joe A, Bicham: "Course Theory", People's Education Press, 1989 edition, p. 29.
Author: Dong Jichao
I. Repeated phenomenon is neglected In the construction of secretarial studies, the phenomenon of repeated research is more common, and so far has not attracted the attention of the secretarial academic community. If this phenomenon continues to exist and spread, it will not only affect the development and maturity of secretarial studies, but also be detrimental to the teaching of secretarial science and the curriculum construction of secretarial professions.
The repetition of the study of secretarial studies refers to some similarities or similarities in the research of secretarial studies and related disciplines such as clerical, official writing, archival and administrative management. Its specific performance is as follows:
First, secretarial studies and clerical studies are repeated. The existing book of persuasion books has the content of instrumental science almost without exception, but most of them copy the research results of the paperwork, such as the general knowledge of the paperwork, the tasks and principles of the paperwork, the procedures and requirements of the paperwork, and even The book is rolled up, and so on. A secretary's work in the author's desk, with nearly one-sixth of the book, discusses paperwork and paperwork in detail, including the paper-based business. 1
Second, secretarial and official writing are repeated. Most secretarial works have studied some of the contents of official document writing, and they have studied from micro-operations. Among them are the writing of various general-purpose documents, the writing of institutional documents, the writing of economic documents, foreign-related documents and communicative documents, and even the writing of academic papers. As one of the corporate secretarial books that the author has collected, nearly half of the papers are about the writing of corporate documents. 2 There is another secretary's book, which uses more than two-thirds of the space to discuss the writing of various styles, which is similar to a writing textbook. 3
Third, secretarial studies and archival studies are repeated.
There are quite a few secretarial works, all of which discuss the work of archives and archives in independent chapters and long sections, mainly the archives work of the organs, and their contents are no different from some parts of archival science. For example, the author’s alternate secretarial work systematically discusses the nature of archival work, the principles of archival work and the role of archival work, as well as business knowledge such as collection, collation, identification, custody, statistics and provision of archives. Introduced the types, tasks and systems of the archives. "These contents are obviously the same as the relevant parts of archival science, especially file management. The secretarial textbook edited by the author also puts the archives work into the research field of secretarial science. 5
Fourth, the repetition of secretarial studies and administrative management.
Some secretaries have learned more about the content of administrative management. As a writer's book at hand, under the heading "Administration and Administration", it discusses the principles of administrative management and administration, administrative leadership and administrative decision-making, administrative organization and administrative organs, administrative law and administrative methods, personnel affairs under the heading "Administration and Administration". Administrative and financial administration, administrative reform and administrative efficiency have little to do with secretarial studies. “There is another secretarial work, which discusses the logistics of infrastructure, real estate, materials, finance, vehicles, canteens, hotels, guest houses and institutional environments.
It is not difficult to see that the repetition of secretarial studies is common and serious. No wonder some people doubt that secretarial science can become a science. It is no wonder that some people think that secretarial science is just a multi-disciplinary patchwork. Although the views are biased, the problem does exist. What is the crux of the problem? In my opinion, there are roughly the following the reason:
First, due to the rapid development of secretarial studies, many researchers have neglected the study of secretarial theory, such as the subject of secretarial studies, subject classification, research content, research fields, knowledge systems and related disciplines. In a certain sense, the rise of secretarial studies began in the context of insufficient theoretical preparation, with some innate shortcomings.
Secondly, since secretarial work is inextricably linked to paperwork, word work and archival work, and the work of the secretary has so far included paperwork and word work, the intersection or repetition of secretarial and clerical writing, official writing and archival science has historical necessity. . In addition, the study of secretarial studies did not deal with the relationship between reference and creation, and contributed to the occurrence of repetitive phenomena.
Third, because the secretarial criticism is lagging behind the study of secretarial studies, the academic lack of necessary contending and criticism, such as the theoretical subject of such a critical field of secretarial studies, has not been able to carry out serious discussions so far. Therefore, although the secretarial writings have appeared, the repetitive phenomenon is still the same.
Second, whether the research field can delineate any science and its sub-disciplines, because of the disciplines, has its own specific research fields. So, how to divide the boundaries of the field of secretarial studies? The author believes that this needs to clarify the following three questions:
First of all, it is to recognize the problem. In the understanding of dividing the boundaries of research, we must adhere to the two-point theory: on the one hand, we must admit that delineating the research field for secretarial studies may be just a gesture and even a risk of failure. This is because different researchers have different research interests, research priorities, research levels, research perspectives and research methods. Furthermore, any division, even the most authoritative division, lacks the power of restraint. On the other hand, it should be acknowledged that if the research field is not roughly divided, there will be two consequences: one is the indiscriminate study, which leads to the secretarial study; the second is that the research field is too narrow, leading to the study of secretarial studies. It is difficult to expand. No matter what kind of consequences, it hinders the construction and development of secretarial studies. The correct understanding should be like the American sociologist Alex Inkers: "The boundaries should be like a large cloak that can outline the shape, not a set of stiff armor. People who defend other disciplines ask for the same territory, but it is too restrictive 8
Second, it is a point of view. As a science, secretarial studies, even if the research content is huge, and the research field is extensive, there must always be a limit. To divide the research field into secretarial studies, we must first adhere to the development perspective, that is, the process of evolution from the secretarial science itself, to divide its research field. The original research field of secretarial studies is very extensive. For example, the literary works of the Qing Dynasty include the names of criminal names, money valleys, registrations, books, and competitions. During the Republic of China, due to the reform of the political system, the secretarial work began to focus on the writing of documents, document processing and file management, so the research papers and archives were published. In the 1950s and 1960s, the archives work was gradually independent, and the archives were self-contained; the paperwork was becoming more and more perfect, and the clues began to rise. Since the 1980s, writing has set a new door and administrative science has matured. That is to say, from the point of view of development, there are many research contents that are constantly diverging from secretarial studies and no longer belong to the field of secretarial studies. It is true that some research content has continued to enter the field of secretarial research, such as secretarial talent, secretarial education, secretarial psychology and secretarial aesthetics. If the research content that has already been differentiated remains in the secretarial science, or the research content that has already entered the secretarial science continues to be rejected, it is not conducive to scientifically dividing the research field of secretarial science.
Again, it is a route problem. To divide the research field into secretarial studies, we must also solve the problem. Drawing on the research results of sociology, the author believes that there are three ways to use: First, the historical approach, that is, through the study of early secretarial works, to find out what the founders are most concerned about and interested in. From the several secretarial works published in the early 1980s, the secrets and interest of secretarial researchers at that time were secretarial history, secretarial organization, secretarial practice, and secretarial staff. Among them, the secretarial practice includes the research content of related disciplines such as document processing, document writing and archival work. "Affected by it, most of the subsequent secretarial works have followed the above research content and become a tradition. It is not difficult to find that the historical approach can keep the research field of secretarial studies relatively stable and ensure the development of secretarial studies. Continuity. But it also has the danger of rigidity, because the tradition has a conservative nature. The second is the way of reality, that is, through the study of recent secretarial works, to explore what researchers are most concerned about to determine the study of secretarial studies. In the field of more than ten secretarial works in the early 1990s, in addition to continuing to retain the traditional fields of secretary history, secretarial organization, secretarial practice and secretarial staff, new decision-making, communication information, supervision and inspection, and new Public relations and office automation, etc. 10 This change is not a researcher's whim, but an inevitable outcome of socio-economic and scientific and technological development. However, the repetition of secretarial research still exists, and there is an expanding trend, except for the lineage. In addition to document processing, document writing and file management, certain knowledge of administrative management has become one of the research areas of secretarial science. This is some degree of retrogression. The third is comparable way, that is, by comparison of secretarial science and related disciplines analysis, to distinguish their research from a range of general, will not be returned to belong Secretarial content related disciplines.
Third, the secretaries of the secretaries know how many divisions of the research field of secretarial studies should be based on the principle that the width should not be narrow, so as to outline a large "cloak". Based on the existing secretarial work, the author intends to define the research field of secretarial studies as four areas and 25 items:
The history of secretary secretary history is the process of origin, formation and evolution of the research secretary. Its tasks are threefold: one is to describe the evolution of secretarial activities; the other is to summarize the historical experience of secretarial activities; the third is to explore the development of secretarial activities. The study of the history of secretaries should include the following contents: the history of Chinese secretaries, that is, the process of comprehensively studying the origin, formation, and evolution of Chinese secretarial activities; the history of foreign secretaries, the process of comprehensively studying the origin, formation, and evolution of foreign secretarial activities; History, the process of studying the evolution of the secretarial activities of a certain country or region; the history of the secretary of the generation, that is, the process of studying the evolution of the secretarial activities of a certain dynasty or a certain historical stage; the history of the special secretary, that is, specializing in the development of a secretarial activity The process of secretarial thought, that is, the study of theories and propositions of different classes, classes, and characters on secretarial activities in history.
The Secretary's theoretical secretary theory refers to the rational understanding of the secretarial phenomenon, secretarial activities, and secretarial science. There are three basic functions: one is description; the second is prophecy; the third is explanation. 1 Secretary theoretical research should include the following: basic secretary theory, that is, the research secretary's own theory, such as the subject of the secretarial science, the logical starting point, the knowledge system, related disciplines, the nature of the discipline, research methods and historical evolution. Applying secretarial theory, that is, the theory of research secretary activities and their constituent elements, such as the nature and characteristics of secretarial activities, the functions and efficiency of secretarial activities, and the subject of secretarial activities, the objects of secretarial activities, the space of secretarial activities, and the medium of secretarial activities. Wait. In addition, there are secretarial activities in the industry or department. The theory of cross-secretary, that is, the theory of the marginal discipline formed by the study of the secretarial study and other disciplines.
The secretarial business secretarial business refers to the professional work of the secretarial staff or the secretarial department. As the secretarial work is more extensive and expands, the secretarial business also increases. The main contents are: text work, that is, the drafting and review of manuscripts; paperwork, that is, the issuance, transmission, handling and custody of documents; information work, that is, the collection, processing, provision, storage and retrieval of information Coordination work, that is, the adjustment and improvement of the relationship between organizations, between work and between people; supervision work, that is, supervision and inspection of major decisions, central work, important actions and leadership assignments; , that is, the letter processing of the people's people and the reception work;
The work of the proposal, that is, the handling of opinions, suggestions, criticisms, proposals and proposals submitted by the National People's Congress, the CPPCC, the Staff Representative Conference, etc.; the work of the meeting, that is, the preparation, organization and aftermath of the meeting and the meeting; the reception work, that is, the guests The welcoming, hospitality and service work; on duty, that is, fixed or rotated work in the duty room; confidential work, that is, the work of conserving and protecting secrets so that they do not leak; other work, that is, leading temporary or sudden work .
Secretary technical secretary technology refers to the methods, means and skills used by secretarial staff to handle matters. Compared with the secretarial business, it is more practical and dynamic, and its function is mainly to cultivate the secretary's operational ability. The secretary's technology should include the following: the secretarial working method, that is, the method, procedure, route and skill used by the secretary or the secretarial department to handle the affairs of the secretary; the secretary's office, that is, the secretarial staff, according to a certain system and with certain means Office of the official office 5, the office equipment used by the secretarial staff to achieve certain office purposes, operating technology and operating procedures; public relations art, that is, the use of secretarial personnel to achieve "integration within the unity, development outside" A range of public relations measures, methods and techniques.
The above four regions and 25 items are for the current main research areas of secretarial studies. It can be predicted that with the deepening of secretarial research and the development of related disciplines, the research field of secretarial studies will continue to change.
Note:
1 Wang Ximei, Wang Jingqing, Editor-in-Chief: General Theory of Modern Secretaries, Ocean Publishing House, 1993 edition, pp. 90-167. 2 Qian Yuyu, Liu Kaiwen: Business Secretarial Studies, Sichuan Nationalities Publishing House, 1987 edition, pp. 1, 99-381.
2 Jin An and Chang Chongyi, "Introduction to Secretarial Studies", Yunnan People's Publishing House, 1984 edition, pp. 89-305.
4 Xilin and Wu Changyou, editor: The Secretarial Science, Liaoning University Press, 1989, pp. 185-203.
5 Dong Jichao, Editor: The Secretary of the Course, Central Radio and Television University Press, 1993 edition, pp. 184-202.
6 Yuan Weiguo, ed., “Secretary Studies”, Guangdong Higher Education Press, 1987 edition, pp. 111-142.
7 Yu Yusheng, ed., General Secretary, Tongji University Press, 1991, pp. 257-278.
8 [America] Alex Inkers: "What is Sociology?", China Social Sciences Press, l 981, p.
The secretarial works published in the early 1980s include "Introduction to Secretarial Studies" by Weng Shirong, "Secretary and Secretarial Work" edited by Wang Qiangong, "Introduction to Secretarial Studies" by Zhang Jinan and Chang Chongyi, edited by Sun Yunjie and Wang Shenxian. "Practical Secretary".
The secretarial works published in the early 1990s include "Introduction to Modern Secretarial Studies" edited by Zhong Hui, "Secretary Studies" edited by Yuan Weiguo, "General Secretarial Studies" by Buildings, and "Secretary Courses" edited by Cheng Minghua. Rao Shiqi, Zeng Bin's "Introduction to Secretarial Studies", "Secretary Learning Course" by Lushan Guan, "Secretary Theory and Practice" edited by Ren Qun, "Basic Principles of Secretarial Studies" edited by Lu Guocheng and Fang Guoxiong, Wang Ximei and Wang Jing Qing's "General Secretary of General Studies", Dong Jichao's "Secretary Course", Zhang Yuying's "Contemporary Secretary", Huang Tonghua and Lu Honghui's "New Secretary", and so on.
10[United States] Joe A, Bicham: "Course Theory", People's Education Press, 1989 edition, p. 29.
Author: Dong Jichao
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