Writing skills in medical papers
Keywords: paper
The writing of medical papers is a special study that reflects the research results and academic papers in the field of contemporary medicine; it is also the basis for technical titles and hospital ratings. With the increasing development of international exchanges, how to write medical papers has become a topic of common concern for young medical personnel.
Although medical papers vary widely in content, there are still certain programs in writing. Over the years, the applicable model has been formed. The main items of a complete medical paper should include: the title of the article; the author's signature; abstract; keywords; introduction; materials and methods; Results; discussion; references. Discussions, summaries, lectures, etc. should generally not exceed 5,000 words.
1 The purpose of contributing papers is of course to hope that the papers will be published, in order to gain recognition, resonance, debate and deepen the consensus on the arguments. Whether the article can be published mainly depends on quality, but it cannot ignore the important link of submission.
The manuscript is a file with the nature of "regulation" in order to make the manuscript conform to the nature, task, and content of the journal. The direct request is for the author, and the different medical journals are not drafted. The same, or the same.
The manuscript is usually published at the end of the first year of the year, and the contributor is required to write a draft in accordance with this provision.
In 1982, ej huth summarized the writing and publication into twenty steps in his book How to Write and Publish Medical Papers.
1) Whether the written paper can explain the information in a simple sentence is actually the initial theme.
Is it worth writing? There have been similar reports in the past, which can avoid duplication on the one hand, and can be used in the reports of previous authors, such as the design of tables.
The importance of the paper. Can the author put forward some new arguments or practical experiences in the paper for debate or reference.
According to the magazine you are casting, you should limit your readership when writing.
Carefully browse the contents of the proposed magazine to understand the nature of the magazine and whether it will be published abroad.
Searching for documents usually starts in the last 5 years. If the information is insufficient, you can look forward to 5 years until you are satisfied.
Consider the list of authors involved in the writing of this paper.
Collect and organize the original materials separately.
9) Read the manuscript carefully. This is an important step before you start writing. It must be in line with its rules.
The basic structure of the thesis is a genus, a medical report or a review.
List the original draft outline.
Write the original draft.
After scrutinizing and modifying the manuscript to the satisfaction.
Write in an accurate, concise and fluid style.
Should meet scientific requirements.
Use the appropriate chart.
Rework the manuscript to meet the published requirements.
Copy and stay at the end, the paper attached to the letter to the editorial department.
Answer the relevant questions from the editorial department and send them out quickly after the amendment.
Carefully, seriously, and verbatim proof of the published manuscript will be sent back to the editorial department, waiting for good news.
Of course, it is entirely possible to reject the manuscript. In the case of Zhonghua Brand Magazine, the draft rate is between 15% and 20%. Generally, the rejection is due to the following reasons: poor scientifics; does not meet the purpose of the magazine; similar articles have been published recently, and this article has no new ideas. After receiving the rejection, the author should carefully look for the reason, and if it is modified, vote for another magazine editorial department. In short, the rejection should not be regarded as a failure and discouragement. It should be regarded as a writing practice. As long as you persist in your efforts, you will be successful. 2 Discussion on the structure of articles The Chinese and foreign journals have formed a general model for the structure of the articles. The content of the text is mainly composed of introductions, materials and methods, results and discussions. The English abbreviation is imrad. This model is not static and can be changed according to its specific circumstances. For example, in the case of clinical research, the words “materials and methods” can be changed to “clinical data”. Now they are introduced as follows:
2.1 Text readers When deciding whether to read this article, the first thing to look at is the text. Therefore, the title should be attractive, can accurately summarize the content of the paper, outline the essentials, point out the theme, and make the title consistent with the content.
The general requirements are concise, eye-catching, attractive, and closely related to the content of the article. The title is within 15 Chinese characters. Because the title is too long, it is hard to remember, and it is hard to read. If the title is too long and cannot be omitted, it can be handled by subtitles. But the title should be short and moderate, too short and confusing.
In addition, to avoid the problem of voids and generality, the title of "computation and retrieval" is too big to be touched. The current trend is that the text does not add lengthy phrases, such as "preliminary discussion", "observation of ...", "some ideas" and other words can be omitted. Interrogative headlines should be used less in academic research papers, such as “whether or not...”, “when...”, “how...”.
The title is only the label of the article, not the specific content, so it is generally not necessary to use the complete sentence, and does not include the subject components such as subject, predicate, object, adverbial. The questions are often expressed in nouns, noun phrases or gerunds, such as "the treatment and prevention of drug dependence." Avoid using non-standardized abbreviations in the title.
2.2 The author authorizes the author of the paper to be responsible for the content, and as an index of the author in the literature search for readers to inquire and contact.
The author's signature should not be too much. The author should be: to participate in the topic selection and design, data analysis and interpreter; draft or modify the key theory or other main content in the paper; to verify the editorial revisions, to defend in the academic community, and finally agree to the article Publisher. Articles signed by the collective must be clearly responsible for the key figures. Other contributors can be included in the final thank-you part of the article. If there are foreigners in the author, they should obtain their consent. After the name of the person, the title of the academic title is generally not indicated.
The author's unit address writing format is usually from small to large. And indicate the zip code, for example
2.3 Abstract The abstract of the thesis is the epitome of the thesis. It is a high-level summary and enrichment of the full text, which makes the readers and editorial reviewers clear at a glance, which greatly saves their reading time and allows the reader to decide whether it is worthwhile to read the full text in the shortest time; For reviewers, this is the first step in choosing the draft and whether to hire it.
There is no abstract in the scientific articles before the 1950s. Due to the rapid advancement of science and the proliferation of journals, people describe it as “explosion of information volume”. All kinds of journals are increasing every year at a rate of 25% every 10 years. More than 4 million scientific papers, in order to greatly save the precious time of the editorial department and readers, in the 1960s, foreign countries first proposed a summary of scientific papers, and the English version of the Chinese Medical Journal also proposed a summary in 1972. In the 1980s, a research group in Vancouver, Canada, further proposed a structured abstract, which requires the four elements of the abstract, requiring the abstract to be divided into four parts, each with the title of the element, so that the reader can basically understand the substantive content without consulting the text.
The abstract of the paper, also known as the abstract, must be outlined, concise, and the number of words is around 250 Chinese characters. The summary is divided into two types: report and declarative. The former is also known as an informative abstract, which has four elements that can indicate the substance of the article. The latter is also called an indicative abstract, indicating the scope of the subject of the literature, mostly used for experimental or technical papers, focusing on the "purpose" elements, the summary should summarize the main arguments, analysis process and conclusions of the paper.
In short, the abstract is the essence of the full text, and no explanations or comments can be added. Refined words, rigorous structure, third-person writing, avoiding non-generic abbreviations, no interrogative sentences and exclamatory sentences. There is no content in the chart, and the corner numbers in the text cannot appear.
The writing of medical papers is a special study that reflects the research results and academic papers in the field of contemporary medicine; it is also the basis for technical titles and hospital ratings. With the increasing development of international exchanges, how to write medical papers has become a topic of common concern for young medical personnel.
Although medical papers vary widely in content, there are still certain programs in writing. Over the years, the applicable model has been formed. The main items of a complete medical paper should include: the title of the article; the author's signature; abstract; keywords; introduction; materials and methods; Results; discussion; references. Discussions, summaries, lectures, etc. should generally not exceed 5,000 words.
1 The purpose of contributing papers is of course to hope that the papers will be published, in order to gain recognition, resonance, debate and deepen the consensus on the arguments. Whether the article can be published mainly depends on quality, but it cannot ignore the important link of submission.
The manuscript is a file with the nature of "regulation" in order to make the manuscript conform to the nature, task, and content of the journal. The direct request is for the author, and the different medical journals are not drafted. The same, or the same.
The manuscript is usually published at the end of the first year of the year, and the contributor is required to write a draft in accordance with this provision.
In 1982, ej huth summarized the writing and publication into twenty steps in his book How to Write and Publish Medical Papers.
1) Whether the written paper can explain the information in a simple sentence is actually the initial theme.
Is it worth writing? There have been similar reports in the past, which can avoid duplication on the one hand, and can be used in the reports of previous authors, such as the design of tables.
The importance of the paper. Can the author put forward some new arguments or practical experiences in the paper for debate or reference.
According to the magazine you are casting, you should limit your readership when writing.
Carefully browse the contents of the proposed magazine to understand the nature of the magazine and whether it will be published abroad.
Searching for documents usually starts in the last 5 years. If the information is insufficient, you can look forward to 5 years until you are satisfied.
Consider the list of authors involved in the writing of this paper.
Collect and organize the original materials separately.
9) Read the manuscript carefully. This is an important step before you start writing. It must be in line with its rules.
The basic structure of the thesis is a genus, a medical report or a review.
List the original draft outline.
Write the original draft.
After scrutinizing and modifying the manuscript to the satisfaction.
Write in an accurate, concise and fluid style.
Should meet scientific requirements.
Use the appropriate chart.
Rework the manuscript to meet the published requirements.
Copy and stay at the end, the paper attached to the letter to the editorial department.
Answer the relevant questions from the editorial department and send them out quickly after the amendment.
Carefully, seriously, and verbatim proof of the published manuscript will be sent back to the editorial department, waiting for good news.
Of course, it is entirely possible to reject the manuscript. In the case of Zhonghua Brand Magazine, the draft rate is between 15% and 20%. Generally, the rejection is due to the following reasons: poor scientifics; does not meet the purpose of the magazine; similar articles have been published recently, and this article has no new ideas. After receiving the rejection, the author should carefully look for the reason, and if it is modified, vote for another magazine editorial department. In short, the rejection should not be regarded as a failure and discouragement. It should be regarded as a writing practice. As long as you persist in your efforts, you will be successful. 2 Discussion on the structure of articles The Chinese and foreign journals have formed a general model for the structure of the articles. The content of the text is mainly composed of introductions, materials and methods, results and discussions. The English abbreviation is imrad. This model is not static and can be changed according to its specific circumstances. For example, in the case of clinical research, the words “materials and methods” can be changed to “clinical data”. Now they are introduced as follows:
2.1 Text readers When deciding whether to read this article, the first thing to look at is the text. Therefore, the title should be attractive, can accurately summarize the content of the paper, outline the essentials, point out the theme, and make the title consistent with the content.
The general requirements are concise, eye-catching, attractive, and closely related to the content of the article. The title is within 15 Chinese characters. Because the title is too long, it is hard to remember, and it is hard to read. If the title is too long and cannot be omitted, it can be handled by subtitles. But the title should be short and moderate, too short and confusing.
In addition, to avoid the problem of voids and generality, the title of "computation and retrieval" is too big to be touched. The current trend is that the text does not add lengthy phrases, such as "preliminary discussion", "observation of ...", "some ideas" and other words can be omitted. Interrogative headlines should be used less in academic research papers, such as “whether or not...”, “when...”, “how...”.
The title is only the label of the article, not the specific content, so it is generally not necessary to use the complete sentence, and does not include the subject components such as subject, predicate, object, adverbial. The questions are often expressed in nouns, noun phrases or gerunds, such as "the treatment and prevention of drug dependence." Avoid using non-standardized abbreviations in the title.
2.2 The author authorizes the author of the paper to be responsible for the content, and as an index of the author in the literature search for readers to inquire and contact.
The author's signature should not be too much. The author should be: to participate in the topic selection and design, data analysis and interpreter; draft or modify the key theory or other main content in the paper; to verify the editorial revisions, to defend in the academic community, and finally agree to the article Publisher. Articles signed by the collective must be clearly responsible for the key figures. Other contributors can be included in the final thank-you part of the article. If there are foreigners in the author, they should obtain their consent. After the name of the person, the title of the academic title is generally not indicated.
The author's unit address writing format is usually from small to large. And indicate the zip code, for example
2.3 Abstract The abstract of the thesis is the epitome of the thesis. It is a high-level summary and enrichment of the full text, which makes the readers and editorial reviewers clear at a glance, which greatly saves their reading time and allows the reader to decide whether it is worthwhile to read the full text in the shortest time; For reviewers, this is the first step in choosing the draft and whether to hire it.
There is no abstract in the scientific articles before the 1950s. Due to the rapid advancement of science and the proliferation of journals, people describe it as “explosion of information volume”. All kinds of journals are increasing every year at a rate of 25% every 10 years. More than 4 million scientific papers, in order to greatly save the precious time of the editorial department and readers, in the 1960s, foreign countries first proposed a summary of scientific papers, and the English version of the Chinese Medical Journal also proposed a summary in 1972. In the 1980s, a research group in Vancouver, Canada, further proposed a structured abstract, which requires the four elements of the abstract, requiring the abstract to be divided into four parts, each with the title of the element, so that the reader can basically understand the substantive content without consulting the text.
The abstract of the paper, also known as the abstract, must be outlined, concise, and the number of words is around 250 Chinese characters. The summary is divided into two types: report and declarative. The former is also known as an informative abstract, which has four elements that can indicate the substance of the article. The latter is also called an indicative abstract, indicating the scope of the subject of the literature, mostly used for experimental or technical papers, focusing on the "purpose" elements, the summary should summarize the main arguments, analysis process and conclusions of the paper.
In short, the abstract is the essence of the full text, and no explanations or comments can be added. Refined words, rigorous structure, third-person writing, avoiding non-generic abbreviations, no interrogative sentences and exclamatory sentences. There is no content in the chart, and the corner numbers in the text cannot appear.
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