Forest pest control programme

Part 1: Forest pest control program

Forest pests and diseases are “forest fires that do not smoke”. Protecting forest resources and promoting the healthy development of forests and the harmonious development of man and nature are the important tasks of the development of contemporary forestry, the highest goal of forestry pest control, and the good job of forestry. The scientific move of the "holding stage" to attack the hard battle, the long-term policy, the task is heavy.

Yunnan is a large forestry province and a province with a heavy burden of forest pest control. The 20XX year is the most difficult year for the prevention and control of forestry pests in Yunnan. First, due to the persistent high temperature, the area of ​​forestry pests in the province has reached more than 600 million mu for the first time, accounting for 3% of the forest area in the province, a record high. The second is the area of ​​nearly 200 million mu of insects, which is the most harmful in the middle of Guizhou, eastern Yunnan and northwestern Yunnan. It has formed the second highest pest risk of forestry pests in the province; The continuous introduction of forestry quarantine pests has brought new challenges to the control of forest pests.

Under the leadership and support of the State Forestry Administration, the provincial party committee and the provincial government, the forest pest control in Yunnan Province has adopted tough measures by increasing administrative law enforcement, strengthening administrative management, implementing scientific prevention and control, and under extremely difficult circumstances, 20XX The province has prevented 4,478,800 mu of forestry pests, the quarantine rate of forest plants and forest products has reached 95%, the quarantine rate of seedlings has reached 99%, and the monitoring coverage rate has reached 88.97%. While completing the target management indicators proposed at the beginning of the year, it also summarizes and explores some useful experiences for the future prevention and control of forestry pests in Yunnan:

First, build five systems

The first is to build a unified organization and coordination system. The 16 municipal governments of the province have set up leading organizations for the prevention and control of forest pests, which are responsible for the unified organization, coordination and command of the prevention and treatment of hazardous forest pests in the region, and authorize the forest defense department to be responsible for daily management and further improve forestry. The system of forestry authorities at all levels within the system to prevent and treat the pine wood nematode responsibility system, give full play to the role of the government staff and assistants in the prevention and treatment of pine wood nematode disease at all levels of forestry departments, the province's forest pest control work The coordinated command system has basically taken shape.

The second is to build a forecasting and forecasting network system. The provincial forest defense department further strengthened the 1935 monitoring outlets in the province, from the team, facilities construction, management methods, etc., and the monitoring points of 1899 general monitoring and forecasting points, some townships, forest farms and management stations were newly strengthened. The monitoring network covering the county, township and village of the main forest pest-infested areas in the province has basically taken shape. The province has formed 3,427 full-time and part-time personnel monitoring and forecasting teams with a monitoring area of ​​17,179,700 mu and a monitoring coverage rate of 88.97. %, the provincial, state, county, township, and village five-level forest pest control reporting system has been improved, and the forecasting and forecasting capability has been comprehensively improved.

The third is to build a sudden emergency response system for forestry pests. In order to improve the ability to prevent and respond to emergencies, the Provincial Forestry Department attaches great importance to and strengthens the construction of forest pest management, early warning and quarantine, disaster prevention, emergency response, and prevention and control laws and regulations. The emergency command organization for forestry alien pests and major incidents, which was led by the government and participated by relevant departments and implemented by various levels of forest defense stations, was established, and emergency plans, materials and technical reserves for the prevention and treatment of pine wood nematode diseases were formulated. In the 20XX year in the battle against alien pests, the provincial forestry forest defense department timely conducted on-site investigation, monitoring, reporting, planning, organizing, and dispatching pharmaceuticals in accordance with the emergency plan to ensure the smooth development of the decontamination work.

The fourth is to build a scientific prevention and control system for forestry pests. Strengthen the investigation of diseases and insect pests such as pine wood nematode, small aphids, pine caterpillars, and pine-footed moths, especially the investigation of the occurrence and damage of drill-bit pests represented by small-scale aphids in Yunnan. And monitoring and prevention have laid the foundation for the implementation of scientific prevention and control of the development of prevention and treatment programs. On the basis of summarizing the investigation of the winter and spring insects in the province in the previous years, the provincial forest defense department compiled the overall planning of prevention and treatment in the province according to the characteristics of its hazards and the difficulties in prevention and control, and proposed the key areas for the management of major forest pests. Live the best opportunity, concentrate capital investment, implement breakthrough measures and other prevention and control measures, so that the area of ​​small locust damage in the province is controlled to a certain extent.

The fifth is to build a target management system. Target management is an effective way to improve the attention and support of government and society for forest pest control. The provincial forest defense department continued to strengthen the implementation of the target management responsibility system. Under the support and attention of all levels of government, the new management system with the content of disaster rate, pollution-free prevention rate, accuracy of measurement and reporting, and quarantine rate of production area is The province has been gradually established, and the “two-line target management responsibility system” has been implemented. The pollution-free prevention rate, accuracy of measurement and reporting, and quarantine rate of production area will be included in the target assessment content of the forestry authorities at all levels in the province, rewards and punishments, reports and major responsibilities. The accident investigation and notification system is also being worked out.

Second, increase four strengths

First, increase administrative enforcement. In 20XX, it was the largest law enforcement force in the 23 years since the establishment of the Yunnan Senfang General Station. The “administrative law enforcement” was mentioned as the primary function of the terminus. The province implemented the uniform dressing law enforcement for the first time and completely solved the XX National Phytosanitary Regulations. Since the promulgation, there has been no problem of dressing up for law enforcement. The staff of the business are sent to participate in the social service of the quarantine of the “Provincial Government Foreign Service Center”. The rate of quarantine seeds, seedlings and timbers in the province was 99%, and the quarantine rate of commercial timber and main forest products reached 95%. At the same time, the source of law enforcement was increased. These quarantine projects transferred to the province were also re-inspected. Intensity, the province has implemented the "Plant Phytosanitary Certificate" and online transmission of the computer to prevent the invasion of forestry pests.

The second is to increase financial support. Funding is a powerful guarantee for advancing the forest pest control process. National and provincial finances have increased the total amount of forest pest control in Yunnan Province year by year. In 20XX, the cost of forest pest control has increased more than four times compared with that in 20XX. By defining the scope of use, earmarking and strengthening management, the management of key areas has been ensured. Funding and investment benefits.

The third is to increase the intensity of publicity and reporting. According to the requirements of the State Forestry Administration to “enhance public opinion propaganda” for forest pest control, the “Yunnan Forestry Pest Control Prevention and Control Reporting Program” was formulated and issued, and the propaganda report tasks, guiding ideology, publicity and reporting focus, ways and forms, and reward mechanism Organizational leaders have made clear regulations, and demanded that the main leaders of the forest defense stations at all levels in the province should, like the prevention and control business, personally grasp, specifically grasp, always grasp and grasp the end.

The fourth is to increase business training. The forest pest control work has strong comprehensive business, high professional level requirements and fast technical knowledge. In order to continuously expand the knowledge of prevention and control business, in 2005, we organized key training courses for quarantine officers, pine wood nematode surveillance, prevention and treatment, coconut leaf beetle prevention, small locust comprehensive control, pine caterpillar virus proliferation and forest control, and strengthened training expertise. More than 500 people, accounting for 35% of the province's full-time part-time forest defense personnel. For pine wood nematode disease, we also invited famous experts from the Chinese Academy of Forestry to hold a special academic lecture in Yunnan.

Third, promote four transformations

In accordance with the requirements of the State Forestry Administration, the new process of “four transformations” has been stepped up in the prevention and control of forest pests, that is, the prevention and control thinking has been changed from re-treatment to prevention, and the prevention and treatment strategy has been based on the treatment of the symptoms and the treatment of the symptoms. The main change is that the prevention and control mode is changed from general control to engineering governance, and the control effect is changed from chemical control to biological control. In 20XX, there was a new leap and advancement, especially the scientific experiment and screening of effective drugs for the control of small aphids, effectively curbing the spread of small aphids and the spread of harmful areas; the research results of the "Protease virus proliferation processing technology" Effective use has enabled Yunnan to find the best method for biological control of pine caterpillars. The famous pine caterpillars in the old disaster areas, Yongren, Maitreya, Yimen and other places can continuously control the disaster for more than 8 years. The new concept of “preventive prevention and control” of forestry pests in the province has undergone a greater transformation. The implementation of new measures for biological control has made greater breakthroughs, and the initiative of disaster prevention and mitigation has been greatly improved. The new low-cost sustainable disaster prevention and control model with “monitoring + preventive prevention + biological control” is being promoted.

Fourth, the "12th Five-Year" new goal

In the “Twelfth Five-Year” XX year, the provincial forest defense department proposed that the province’s forest pest occurrence rate should be controlled below 4%, the disaster rate should be controlled below 5‰, and the pollution-free prevention rate would reach 80% or more. The quarantine rate of product transportation has reached more than 90%, and the quarantine rate of seedlings has reached 98%. It has resolutely curbed the high incidence of forest pest damage and promoted the new goal of rapid and healthy development of forestry in Yunnan. At the same time, it put forward the new highlights of “four”. : Promote a transformation, forestry pest control is changed from “disaster relief” to “prevention-oriented”; grasp an innovation, and gradually push specific prevention and control behaviors to the market in the forest pest control mechanism; Concentrate on the technical manpower of the funds to fight the small locusts to fight the battle; organize two annihilation wars, actively remove the disease and annihilate the major forestry alien pests invading Yunnan.


Part 2: Forest pest control program

First, poplar leaf pests

It is mainly Yang Xiaozhou moth and Yang fan moth, which occurs 5-6 generations per year. The two insects occur at the same time, and at the same time, they are harmful, and the generations overlap. It starts from the beginning of May to the end of October. The larvae of the larvae of the larvae have a jujube red tumor before and after the body, and the leaves are rolled and the leaves come out for feeding at night. The larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the larvae have a yellow longitudinal band and the sarcoma before and after the body is gray, with short short hairs, encroaching on the leaves, leaving only the thick veins and petioles. When the damage is light, the leaves are net-like, with nicks, and the growth of poplars is blocked. When the damage is heavy, the leaves are eaten to form "light stalks" and the growth of poplars is reduced. Its prevention and treatment methods:

1. The adult feathers are trapped with black light to reduce the density of the next generation of insects.

2. Control with 3% hypertonic phenoxycarb 1000 times solution, imidacloprid 100 times solution, and enemy kill 1000 times solution.

3, with Beauveria bassiana high sporopollen, Sen Debao wettable powder spray 15-20 grams per acre spray or powder.

4, in the degree of canopy closure of 0.7 or more, the forest uses 1.2% bitter, emulsifiable milk oil 35-40 grams per acre, the ratio of the drug is 1 part of the drug with 9 parts of diesel, morning or evening control.

Second, Huyou resin disease

Also known as gum disease, the disease is mainly harmful branches, stems, but also harmful leaves, fruit, is a common disease after the freezing of Huyou, the disease is gray-brown, the disease can produce gelatin and smell of distiller's grains, leading to branches, dry Die, even killing the whole tree. Its prevention and treatment methods:

1, the incidence of small branches, cut off burned.

2, the main stem, the main branch of the disease, scraped clean with a knife, brushed with tobuzin.

3, 50% carbendazim 100 times, the same amount of Bordeaux liquid spray.

Third, pear rust

Also known as brown spot disease, the disease usually harms the leaves and new shoots, causing early defoliation. The lesions form a yellow-brown bulge on the opposite side of the leaves, and produce 5-7 thorns. In severe cases, the leaves die, and even the seedlings die. After being invaded, it not only causes deformity, but also is inedible. It begins to occur in mid-May every year and ends in mid-July. Its prevention and treatment methods:

1. No cypress trees can be planted within 5 km around the pear garden, because P. glabrata is a transgenic parasite.

2, strengthen water and fertilizer management, increase the resistance of trees, saplings per plant, urea, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 1-3, the result of the tree 0.5 kg, ditch application, acupoint application.

3. Breeding or planting resistant varieties.

4, 20% triazolone EC 2000-2500 times liquid or 15% powder rust 1500-2000 times liquid, the incidence period can be sprayed once every 10 days, continuous spraying 3 times.

Fourth, pear

Hazardous leaves occur more than 10 generations per year. The leaves at the top of the new shoots are seriously damaged. The damaged leaves are rolled into a horn shape on the front side, shrinking, and the aphids are latent. Affecting photosynthesis, the growth of pear trees is blocked.

Control method: Pear tree germination stage, with 10% imidacloprid 3000 times, 50% anti-Polycarb 2000 times control. 5. Anti-freeze treatment and tree potential restoration of Huyou

Cut off the dead branches, remove the withered leaves, treat the cuts, apply the wounds with paint, vaseline, etc., and use the same amount of Bordeaux mixture, stone sulfur mixture or 1000 times carbendazim spray to control disease infection. Freeze the light tree, use 0.3% urea plus 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, and carry out the root dressing 2-3 times. Freezing heavy trees, applying full-fertilized organic fertilizer, and topdressing should be thinner and more fertilized. Pay special attention to controlling the fertilization period to promote spring and summer and control the autumn slightly, which is conducive to the restoration of the tree.


Part 3: Forest pest control program

In order to effectively prevent and control forest pests and diseases, protect forest resources, promote forestry development, and maintain natural ecological balance, this technical plan is formulated in accordance with the contents of the Forest Law of the People's Republic of China and the Forest Pest Control Regulations.

First, the guiding ideology

To improve the survival rate and preservation rate of afforestation; focus on controlling the occurrence area of ​​diseases, comprehensively use various chemical and physical control measures, strictly control technical regulations, increase prevention and control efforts, and ensure that prevention and control achieve the final results.

Second, the basic principles

Adhere to the principle of “prevention first, scientific prevention and control, legal governance, and promotion of health”.

Adhere to the principle of “who manages, who organizes, who is responsible” and “who operates and who controls”.

Adhere to the principle of combining centralized prevention and decentralized prevention and control.

Adhere to the principle of unifying time, highlighting key points, and comprehensively advancing.

Third, prevention and treatment of objects and priorities

Targets: All new plantations and young forests in the region.

Prevention and treatment focus: poplar gray spot disease.

Fourth, morbid characteristics and characteristics of the disease

1, morbid characteristics. "Populus gray spot disease" can be harmed from the poplar seedling to the whole growth stage of the big tree, but the seedling and sapling are the most serious. The pathogens harm the leaves and young shoots of poplars, and the initial leaves have water stains and quickly become brown. The color of the lesion varies from tree species to greenish brown, grayish green and rust, and has brown edges. There are many small black hair spots on the plaque. This is the conidia heap of the pathogen. The color of the epidermis of the young shoots turned black and eventually died, so it was also called "black neck" disease. The upper part of the lesion is easy to wind, so that the leaves fall off early.

2, the characteristics of the disease. The pathogens overwinter with the leaves on the surface. In the spring of the next year, when the temperature rises, the parting buds sprout, and the initial infestation with airflow and rainwater immerses into the host tissue from the stomata. The pathogen prefers a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, so it is a disease-prone period from July to August, and the occurrence of the disease is closely related to the degree of rainfall and air humidity, and the disease is prone to prevalence when it is rainy. Strain spores with a relative humidity of less than 95% are difficult to germinate. Therefore, in the case of low terrain and high humidity between forests, the disease is early and heavy. The nursery is seriously affected.

V. Prevention measures

Comprehensive use of artificial, biological, chemical and other control measures to ensure the effectiveness of prevention and control.

Strengthen the management of seedlings, scientifically seedlings, remove the bottom leaves, in order to facilitate ventilation and dehumidification, and reduce the source of wintering;

Drainage measures should be made for nursery land preparation to avoid water accumulation and reduce the humidity of nursery and forest land. At the same time, the nursery seedlings are sprayed with drugs to ensure that no diseases occur.

Chemical control from mid-May to early July, spraying 75% concentration of chlorothalonil 200 times solution, 50% concentration 100 times solution; 75% concentration carbendazim 100 times solution. Once in half a month, 3-4 times.

Sixth, safeguard measures

Strengthen leadership and clarify responsibilities. All units must put this prevention and control work on the important agenda as the current and important work in the next period. The main leaders should attach great importance to it. The competent leaders should personally take the first line of prevention and control to conduct comprehensive command, send personnel to take special control, and prevent and control, to ensure the goal of preventing early, preventing and preventing in the effective prevention time.

Scientific formula, reasonable control. All units should reasonably allocate the concentration of the drug according to the concentration of the drug, and must fully grasp the area of ​​the affected forest to ensure that each affected plot can be controlled. According to the different years of afforestation, the prevention and control of young forests should be taken to prevent and control the new forests, and the prevention and control of a piece of forest should be ensured.

Extensive fundraising and active investment. While striving for provincial and municipal pest control drugs, all units must actively raise funds to prevent and control the affected forests. At the same time, they must actively mobilize afforestation households to actively carry out independent prevention and control work to ensure effective control of diseases.

Seven, leadership organization

In order to ensure the smooth implementation of forest pest control, the district government established a leading group for forest pest control.

Leader: Deputy deputy head

Deputy leader: Director of Agriculture and Forestry Bureau

Member: Deputy Mayor of Lama Dian Town

Hung Hom Ranch

Starfire Ranch

Silver Wave Ranch

Forestry stationmaster

The office is located in the Agriculture and Forestry Bureau, and the members are composed of relevant personnel of the forestry station, which is responsible for comprehensive coordination and guidance. Contact number: 6134976


Part 4: Forest pest control program


According to the actual situation of pests and diseases, each management area should pay close attention to the development trend of pests and diseases, do a good job in forecasting and forecasting, and provide a scientific basis for pest control work. The specific programs for pest control are as follows:

First, clear responsibilities and establish a leadership team.

In order to clarify tasks, implement responsibilities, and ensure the high-quality and rapid completion of tasks, each unit is established with a leadership team in charge of the district head, technicians, testers, and team leaders.

Second, governance measures

Based on forestry measures, comprehensive use of chemical, biological, physical and quarantine measures to ensure that pests do not cause disasters and promote the benign development of Mount Tai. In accordance with the "Taishan Forest Fruits Main Pest Control and Prevention Technical Manual", "Taishan Forest Fruit Pest Test and Prevention Calendar" and the damage occurrence of Taishan forest fruit pests and diseases, the implementation measures for this year are formulated. Clear focus: Pest control focuses on: red pine caterpillar, oil pine nest moth, S. sylvestris, rust-colored scutellaria, Monochamus alternatus, chestnut blight, cypress spider and aphid, pine rot, loose Leaf bees, gypsy moth, chestnut stem beetle, cloud spotted beetle, grass scorpion, chestnut scorpion and other pests and diseases.

1. Red pine caterpillar: comprehensive monitoring of the insects, pay close attention to its dynamics, mainly to control the hazards in the key areas with poisonous ropes and light traps.

2. Loose leaf bee, oil pine nest moth: There is spray source prevention in the water source area, and the water source area is mainly controlled by coating ring. Choose safe and efficient pesticides and biological agents to reduce pollution and protect natural enemies.

3. Dry pests such as S. chinensis, Monochamus alternatus, and Cypress sylvestris: based on forest management measures, timely harvesting dead trees, removing insect sources, strengthening tending and thinning, improving forest sanitation and ventilation Light intensity enhances the ability of the stand to resist pests and diseases. Further promote the use of attractants and bait wood to induce and kill insects. For the rust-colored granules, it is necessary to take the hanging bottle and the bio-control to ensure the safety of the ancient scorpion.

4. Red spider, aphid: The old tree is controlled by spraying the biological agent avermectin; the economic forest is controlled by timely spraying the omethoate trunk coating ring.

In addition, other pests and diseases should be strengthened to measure and report, and strive to take effective measures to control disasters before the disaster. For the combination of ancient and famous trees and the combination of pest control, improve the ecological environment around the ancient trees and ensure the safety of ancient and famous trees.

It plans to comprehensively control 42,000 mu of various pests and diseases throughout the year, and the prevention and treatment funds will be checked and accepted according to the completion of the tasks.

Third, work measures

1. Implementing the responsibility system: Strictly implement the “Taishan Scenic Area Management Awards and Punishment Measures”, and each management area strengthens the leadership of pest and disease prevention and quarantine work; the relevant departments should do a good job in supervision and management to ensure that all work responsibilities are in place. The director of the management committee and the head of each management area shall sign the "responsibility for pest control"; Senbao station and each management area jointly sign the "full-time tester responsibility book" with the full-time tester, and each district shall also sign with the construction unit or individual. "Safety Production Responsibility", the implementation of the responsibility system at all levels, the rewards and punishments are strict, to complete the tasks in quality and quantity.

2. Strengthen the monitoring of pests and diseases: First, conduct technical training for full-time testers; secondly, hold regular meetings of full-time testers on time, report on the prevention and control of pests and diseases in the previous month, and deploy the task of measuring and reporting this month; Supervise, establish and improve fixed-standard surveys, study and analyze the occurrence of various major pests and diseases, strengthen regular surveys and report, and make advance forecasting; Fourth, improve comprehensive survey and report, do a good job in pest and disease survey, the main types must be comprehensive and accurate, and timely completion of national-level forecasting The central point, the provincial and municipal surveying and reporting center station's tasks.

3. Do a good job of prevention and control: according to the occurrence of pests and diseases, all units will promptly do a good job in the prevention and control design book, and report the approval of the application of the forest protection station, organize human and material resources, operate in strict accordance with the "Technical Regulations for Prevention and Control", and carry out timely and timely In addition to the work of governance, it is necessary to strengthen the work and technical guidance during the process of elimination. At the same time as Senbao Station prepares for the preparation of medical equipment, it will strengthen technical guidance, supervision, inspection and acceptance work, and do a good job in pre-, post-, and post-prevention services.

4. Do a good job in quarantine: According to the requirements of the “Relevant Issues Concerning Strengthening the Quarantine of Taishan Plants” as determined by the 8th Minutes of the Taishan Management Committee Office Meeting [20XX], the quarantine work at the entrance to the mountain is handled by the management districts and traffic management stations. Each management area shall set up a special quarantine department, and 2-3 full-time quarantine officers shall be responsible for the quarantine inspection of the timber and bamboo and wood products in the forest area. The quarantine inspection of timber, flower seedlings and bamboo and wood products entering and leaving Taishan shall be carried out according to law, and the transportation shall be confirmed after no danger; the quarantine inspection center shall be established as soon as possible and the disposal site shall be disposed of; the professional quarantine law enforcement team shall be established to promptly inspect and supervise the quarantine work of all units; Team training to improve business technology. Comprehensively carry out quarantine of the production area, and conduct regular visits to the American white moth and pine wood nematode disease to ensure the safety of Taishan forest resources.

5. Strengthen scientific research: research, demonstration, and promotion of new technologies, new measures, and new product application work. Strengthen the research on pre-disaster and sustainable development technologies to promote the benign development of Taishan ecosystem and the sustainable use of resources.

6. Strengthening the enforcement of wildlife protection: First, do a good job in propaganda work during the Love Bird Week and Wildlife Conservation Month to raise public awareness of wildlife protection; second, the forestry, functional departments, Senbao Station, and Forestry Public Security Bureau cooperate with each other. Strengthen law enforcement efforts to combat indiscriminate hunting; thirdly, strengthen protection measures, make full use of bird feeding stations, prepare adequate food for birds in winter, and benefit birds overwintering. Protect wild animals and promote the healthy development of Taishan Ecology.


Part V: Forest pest control program

Biological control

Biological control is a method of control that uses beneficial organisms or other organisms to inhibit or eliminate harmful organisms. The content includes: using microbial control. Commonly used are fungi, bacteria, viruses and antibiotics that can secrete antibiotics, such as the application of Beauveria bassiana to control Dendrolimus punctatus, various variants of Bacillus thuringiensis to control a variety of forestry pests, and the crude virus extract to control cypress moth, pine caterpillar, Paulownia moth, etc., 5406 control seedlings blight microsporidia control larvae such as gypsy moth, Taishan No. 1 control Tianniu. Use parasitic natural enemies to control. There are mainly parasitic wasps and parasitic flies. The most common ones are Trichogramma, parasitic flies, and other pests such as pine caterpillars. The swollen leg bees control the beetles, and the horned bees control the pine cones. Use predatory natural enemies to control. There are many such natural enemies, mainly insectivore, rat vertebrate and predatory arthropods. Birds have different insect states such as tits, gray tits, and woodpeckers that prey on pests. Natural enemies of rats such as scutellaria, owls, snakes, etc., predatory natural enemies in arthropods include insects, cockroaches, ants and other insects, as well as spiders and mites.

Apply Bt control

Bt is a broad-spectrum bacterial insecticide that can control hundreds of pests and is particularly effective against lepidopteran pests. And for human and animal safety, no harm to plants, no harm to natural enemies. At present, the production of Bt in foreign production has increased steadily year by year. The area of ​​gypsy moths in North America has reached more than 1.3 million hectares, accounting for 48% of the actual area of ​​prevention and control. Eastern European countries also pay attention to the development of Bt insecticides to control forest pests. In the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period, China has achieved product standardization and has reached the international advanced level in general. Among them, the microcapsule Bt original powder and microcapsule suspension agent have obvious effects on more than 10 kinds of agricultural and forestry pests such as Dendrolimus punctatus. The insecticidal effect, with the dosage of 1500-2250g/hm2, increased the toxicity by 20-30%. In 1997, the Ministry of Forestry identified the key promotion results. In short, due to the arrival of the world knowledge economy and the environmental era, it has become inevitable that biocides will replace chemical pesticides.

Beauveria bassiana

Beauveria bassiana is a fungus-like fungus with vegetative organs - hyphae and reproductive organs - conidia. Beauveria bassiana has a wide range of distribution. It has been found in white mountains from an altitude of several meters to more than 2,000 meters. The existence of the fungus, the parasitic infection of Beauveria bassiana has been found in more than 200 insects in the world, and the use of Beauveria bassiana to control agricultural and forestry pests has been expanded to more than 60 species. Forestry is mainly used to control pests such as pine caterpillars.

The so-called white worm is the conidia of Beauveria bassiana that falls on the insect body. Under high temperature conditions, it can germinate and directly invade the insect body. The blood cells and other tissue cells in the insect body are used as nutrients to proliferate in large quantities. On the body surface, white powdery conidia are produced, so that the pests are white and dead, called white zombies. At present, in the production and control, the application is mainly carried out by spraying the Beauveria bassiana on the ground or by aircraft. It is also possible to collect the live larvae of forest leaf pests from the forest during the rainy season, or to sprinkle the original fungus powder of the fungus, or to prepare the bacterial liquid with a content of 500 million spores/ml, and take the live insects in the bacterial liquid and put them back into the tree. Take up his free crawl. After the death of these insects, many conidia grow out, which forms many epidemics of Beauveria bassiana, which gradually promotes the prevalence of inter-forest pest pests.

Poplar control method

At present, there are mainly the following methods for the prevention and control of poplars:

Forest management measures This is a preventive measure to avoid forest disasters by adjusting the forest structure. From the beginning of afforestation, it is necessary to rationally match tree species according to the principle of suitable land, and to create mixed forests of different forms. Transform existing pure forests, combine forest network renewal, select some insect-resistant and immune tree species, adjust the proportion of tree species, improve environmental conditions, and enhance the self-control ability of forests.

Artificial control In the peak period of adult emergence, the people are mobilized to artificially capture adult beetles, reduce the source of insects, and reduce the ratio of male to female. It was found that the ox egg marks were smashed with a hammer and a stone to reduce the amount of larvae.

Poisonous label control uses this method for low population density and short stature. Make a poisonous sign with zinc phosphide, etc., according to the direction of the insect in the direction of the insect, according to the size of the pupil and the thickness of the wood in the pupil, select the size of the sign, and insert the poison into the fresh drainage hole. Until you can't go deeper. Cut down the insects in the autumn and winter seasons, concentrate the power, cut down the trees that are seriously damaged, and carry out the treatment of fumigation and insecticides such as aluminum phosphide before the adult is feathered.

Spraying chemicals according to the adult larvae have supplementary nutritional habits, spraying 40% omethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate and other pesticides on the crown or branches of the host to kill the adult larvae during the emergence period. Spraying 40% dimethoate or 50% chlorpyrifos EC at the larval hatching stage to control larvae that have not entered the xylem under the bast.

Biological control attracts woodpeckers, protects and utilizes natural enemies, and applies biological control methods such as velvet armor, parasitic wasps and Beauveria bassiana for prevention and control.

Quarantine measures quarantine is an effective means to prevent the spread of Tianniu. Seedlings, timber and crates from infected areas must be transported after quarantine.