Winter holiday social practice survey report

I. Overview:

In recent years, with the implementation of the reform and opening up and the strategy of "rejuvenating the country through science and education", the achievements of China's rural small schools in China are well known and obvious to all. Especially after the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's rural education has entered a healthy track of sound and rapid scientific development.

At present, the nine-year compulsory education free mechanism in the fundamental sense has been widely implemented in rural areas of China, which not only consolidates and strengthens the achievements of rural compulsory education, but also promotes the process of creating a new socialist countryside and a harmonious society.

However, due to the constraints and influence of traditional education, China's rural education structure has been single for a long time, vocational education and adult education are weak, and exam-oriented education is difficult to return. In some places, the rate of higher education is often used as the only goal to evaluate education, resulting in rural education and The local production is out of touch with the people's lives, ignoring the students' innovative consciousness and innovative ability. In the long run, it will definitely affect the improvement of the overall quality of the people.

A series of problems in rural China's small education have gradually surfaced, and have become a huge obstacle to the economic and social development of China's rural areas. To this end, the author conducted a more in-depth investigation of the current situation of rural compulsory education in Baoji Town, Bincheng District, Binzhou City.

Second, the survey method

We chose a combination of interviews and questionnaires. Questionnaire surveys are used to collect standardized quantitative data, and interview surveys are used to collect non-standardized unstructured qualitative data.

Through surveys, we get rich and personalized information. Then, after induction, analysis, synthesis, and sorting, we draw conclusions with regularity. In this survey, we focus on the interview method. It is precisely through this kind of face-to-face conversation that we explore the current situation of rural compulsory education in our town and seek common efforts to improve the compulsory education in our town.

In the selection of interviewers, we adopted a divergent approach based on the principle of typicality and extensiveness, and looked for major subjects that could affect rural compulsory education, and interviewed some students, teachers, and parents.

Third, the status quo and causes of rural China's small education:

Through interviews and questionnaire surveys, after analyzing and sorting out, we summarized the current situation of compulsory education in our town as follows:

Status 1: A serious shortage of education funds

The serious shortage of rural China's small education and teaching resources is first reflected in the serious shortage of education funds. In recent years, the state’s investment in education has only accounted for 2% of gdp. As far as these 2% are concerned, most of them are invested in higher education and urban Chinese education. When the funds that are already very limited are in the hands of the education administrative departments at the district, county and town levels, some of them are fully utilized. This funding, in the urban Daxing "model school", "window school", spared no effort to advertise personal achievements.

In an educational research report, the author saw a small county with a population of only 600,000. Regardless of the opposition of the people, he spent a total of nearly 100 million yuan to rebuild a key middle school that was originally built quite well. This level of deduction, and finally arrived in rural China, especially compulsory education schools, is almost insignificant.

Due to the serious shortage of education funds and the expansion of the performance of some education officials, the lack of teaching facilities in rural China's small basic education is lagging behind, resulting in the inability to carry out normal teaching activities. Many courses such as music and art are due to the lack of teaching facilities. The teaching task cannot be guaranteed, and the so-called modern educational facilities are also embroidered pillows. The sharing of distance education resources has become a dream because of the poor information channels and the proficiency or basic skill of using less than half of the computers.

Status 2: weak faculty

In the towns and towns where the author is located, there are six completely small and medium-sized schools. Apart from the relatively strong strength of the small teachers in the central state, few other small and medium-sized teachers graduated from a formal secondary normal school, and almost all of them are “people turn to public”.

Only a very small number of them have received professional training, and most of them are working on their own accumulated teaching experience. A considerable number of teachers have old teaching methods and backward concepts.

The teacher team as a whole has the problems of older age, aging knowledge structure and narrow knowledge. By consulting the archives of teachers in the townships and towns, it is found that the average age of Chinese small teachers in the town is 47 years old, of which 51.8% are over 50 years old. Not only is the age aging, but the education is low, the knowledge structure is aging, the educational concept is backward, and the teaching methods are outdated.

In the six small and medium-sized countries, the leaders of the city and district disciplines and the teaching experts are almost zero; the schools in the middle school have changed slightly. In the face of quality education in the new situation, in the face of the new curriculum of compulsory education after reform, they often seem to be unable to do so. Imagine that such a team is responsible for the arduous and arduous task of China's small education, talent training and education reform in China. How easy is it? !

There are many reasons for the weakness of rural Chinese teachers. The main reason is that it is difficult to inject “fresh blood” due to the level of economic development and the establishment of business personnel, which has forced some schools to temporarily recruit substitute teachers to solve their urgent needs. .

The status quo three: the test color is rich, the teachers and students are overwhelmed.

"Test, test, test the teacher's magic, divide, divide, divide the student's life root." For decades, rural Chinese teachers have been unable to get out of this cycle of exam-oriented education. The reason is that some district, county, and township education administrative departments have taken the entrance examination rate, non-graduation rate, and pass rate at the end of the school year. The unified ranking, the ranking of the rankings, the quality of the students, is directly related to the teacher's promotion and salary increase.

Therefore, the teachers can't take care of the "quality education that comes out from a long-awaited call." With a sweat and time, there is a saying: "No matter whether it is a black cat or a white cat, a high score is a good cat." The author is located in a remote rural town. The teachers are brightly lit at 5:30 in the morning. They must get up early to help with the class. At night, the teachers in the central part of the country should also tutor to 9:30. One day, the teachers and students are struggling and miserable.

Status 4: Moral education is worrying.

It is a common phenomenon in the teaching of small education in rural China. In some schools, some teachers can publicly tolerate students with excellent grades to make mistakes. A small number of parents give connivance and support when their children conflict with their peers. Many students lack psychological or even psychological distortions. There are only a few phenomena such as group stand, stealing property, entering and leaving Internet cafes, assembling gangs, and insulting teachers and students.

I remember that it was reported not long ago that a school in a certain school had a "stunning case" that shocked the middle school students in the whole country. This shows that some rural primary and secondary school students have a weak legal concept, and the main reason for the deterioration of moral quality is that schools, families, and society have not paid enough attention to it. Especially the serious lack of school moral education.

The status quo five: no hope for further studies, no way to find employment, no wealth.

Rural students “have no hope for further studies, no way to find employment, no wealth for surgery” is the main crux of rural education. According to relevant statistics, more than 60% of junior high school graduates in most rural areas in the country have to return to rural areas, especially in agricultural areas and the central and western regions, which is more than 80%. Most of these students return home to work or go out to work.

However, rural ordinary middle school education, especially curriculum setting, textbook writing and agricultural production and management, urban and rural economic development, the actual needs are out of touch, the basic culture courses learned, even the labor skills class can not solve many rural industrial technology and management issues. . Rural youth after graduation cannot be integrated into the local economic construction as soon as possible, resulting in huge waste and blind flow of rural labor.

Some children who are unable to advance to key high schools after graduation from the middle school are better suited to the torrent of work and do not want to go to vocational education schools for further study. Therefore, there has been an educational cycle of “no hope for further studies, no way to find employment, no wealth for surgery”.

The status quo 6: "State-owned and private-run" education is struggling, and parents choose to be in a dilemma

The Fort Town of Bincheng District, where the author is located, is constrained by the level of local economic development. A few years ago, a “state-owned privately run” experimental school, which was funded by many parties and integrated nine years of education, came into being.

The school, school funding and teacher salaries are all "public" nature, and the integration of the town's best teacher resources, all enriched to the experimental school. The fee standard is "private", which makes the local peasant families who are not rich enough to be overwhelmed. In order to give their children better educational opportunities, they have no choice.

Even though this school has received due attention in a certain period of time, it has also achieved more outstanding school-running benefits. However, the high-cost education based on the 10 million yuan of education on the one hand has caused artificial unfairness to compulsory education schools, students and parents, and increased the economic burden of the local people. On the other hand, it also maliciously competed for those who are worthy of the public. The school's educational resources limit or stifle the survival and development of private schools in the true sense. Today, when compulsory education is compulsory in the country, various problems of such so-called private education are exposed.

Rural parents often want to get high-quality education, learn more knowledge, go out of the countryside, and send their children to expensive private schools to learn, and give up public schools with lower fees or even free.

It is thus known that the state's support for a large amount of education funds in rural areas has not relieved the peasants of the burden in a practical sense. On the contrary, the actual burden of some of them has been greatly aggravated. I am afraid, this is the crux of the problem.

Due to the insufficient timely payment of public funds in rural schools, many rural schools have maintained the normal operation of the school by private loans such as parents. According to the survey, the township experimental school where the author is located has so far had more than 16 million yuan of different debts. It can be seen that the indebtedness of rural schools, especially the “state-owned private schools”, will seriously hinder the sound and rapid scientific development of rural education.

In the face of two kinds of schools, in the face of two kinds of disparity in the quality of education, in the face of the children of the Pearl and the struggling family situation, the parents of Wang Zilong and Wang Nongcheng are in a dilemma.

That is, if you read a free public school, parents will have no financial burden, but because the best quality teachers in this township are forcibly transferred to the "state-owned private" experimental school, the children have to pay their own future; if you read the "state-owned private" experiment Schools, children get a better quality education, but parents have to pay a big sacrifice.

This dilemma is precisely the predicament of rural education. With the gradual improvement of the compulsory education guarantee mechanism, with the continuous advancement of quality education, especially the reform of the senior high school entrance examination system, the risks and survival risks of “private-run” schools like the author's hometown are increasing.

The status quo seven: the phenomenon of the loss of middle school students

In addition to the main objective reasons for students' financial difficulties, teachers' poor professionalism, backward teaching concepts, outdated teaching methods, and low teaching quality are some of the main reasons for students' loss of learning and loss.

In recent years, governments at all levels and the competent departments of education have generally attached importance to the improvement of teachers' treatment in order to introduce and stabilize talents, but they have often relaxed the ideological education work for teachers. Teachers are fascinated by the teacher, the dedication, the selfless dedication, chasing personal fame and fortune, The phenomenon of enthusiasm for job-hopping has occurred from time to time.

The performance of teachers' dislike is not only not conducive to the establishment of a good school spirit, but also one of the important incentives for students to be tired of learning. Parents believe that children have no hope of going to school, and they have transferred their children to district schools through various relationships. If family conditions are poor, they will let their children drop out of school.

V. Strategies for changing the status quo of rural education

According to the survey, the author suggests that in order to change the status quo of rural education, the following strategies should be adopted:

Countermeasure 1: Increase the input of rural education resources and maximize the situation of insufficient rural education resources. First of all, we must focus on the misappropriation of education funds and use limited educational resources. Quickly set up an investigation team to find out the small debt situation of rural China and the implementation of teachers' wages and salaries. For the construction of school buildings due to liabilities, it is necessary to pay through financial allocations to enable schools to operate better. Secondly, improve investment in rural education. The supervision mechanism strictly guards against the gram, move, card, and necessity of the intermediate links, and ensures the earmarking of special funds, and also strives to ensure that the school will have limited expenses, so as to gradually improve the county-based compulsory education fund guarantee mechanism.

Countermeasure 2: Comprehensively improve the overall quality of rural Chinese teachers. Plus the training of masters to promote the professional growth of teachers. Clearing or diverting unqualified teachers, recruiting graduates with college degrees to return to their hometowns to teach, and at the same time, improve the welfare of teachers and other issues according to the actual situation. Improve the allocation of rural education resources, especially teachers, and promote the fairness and justice of rural education.

Countermeasure 3: Thoroughly get rid of the embarrassment of exam-oriented education, and also “burden the burden” for the students while “reducing the burden”. In most of China's rural areas, China is small. Due to the influence of the modern enterprise system, it has been popular for the so-called “last elimination” mechanism. The majority of rural teachers are worried about their own hard-won “iron rice bowl”. He was thrown at the "last place", and he spent a lot of time with the students in the early days, causing the examination-oriented education to intensify, and some students became obsessed with learning and truancy.

Some teachers are afraid of being laid off, and at the cost of overdraft health, long-term self-pressurization, prolonged working hours, and even worse, caused serious psychological obstacles. According to the survey, among the small Chinese teachers in rural areas, because of the fear of the quality of teaching, there are many people who can’t sleep well all day long, especially middle-aged teachers around the age of 45.

In addition, in the rural Chinese small teachers, a considerable part of the "half-side households" due to work pressure, family burdens, personal income is limited, they are often exhausted. Our educational administrative departments at all levels must vigorously carry forward the humanistic spirit and implement humanistic care in rural Chinese teachers, spare no effort to reduce work pressure for them, eliminate psychological barriers, and pave the way for comprehensive quality education in the vast rural areas.

Countermeasure 4: Adhere to the education policy headed by moral education and promote the harmonious development of students' healthy personality.

To strengthen and improve the moral education of rural Chinese primary school students, we must first grasp the characteristics of the young people's physical and mental growth and development in the small education stage in China, grasp the individual psychological characteristics, thoughts and academic foundations of different individual students, so as to target them morally and psychologically. And the cultivation of behavioral habits to help them establish a scientific outlook on life, worldviews, values, and establish healthy and upward goals in life.

Grasping the moral education work of this period will play a vital role in the development of their lives. However, the current social life has undergone complex and profound changes. The traditional world outlook, outlook on life, values, and ethics are constantly being impacted by the tide of the commodity economy. As a result, the work of rural Chinese moral education at this stage is at a loss.

Therefore, our moral education must fully implement the party's educational policy, organically combine traditional virtues, grasp the characteristics of the new era, put moral education work at the forefront of quality education, run through all aspects of education and teaching, and promote and cultivate the nation. Spirit is an extremely important task in the construction of ideological and morality and is incorporated into the whole process of education.

We must organically integrate patriotism education, revolutionary tradition education, Chinese traditional virtue education and democratic legal education into textbooks, actively improve education teaching methods and forms, and combine teaching knowledge, training skills, fostering innovative spirit and developing good behavior habits. stand up. Efforts will be made to create a relaxed, harmonious and enjoyable "three-in-one" moral education environment, laying a good foundation for cultivating the successors of socialist undertakings of all-round development such as morality, intelligence, body, beauty and labor.

Countermeasure 5: Deepen the reform of education and completely change the situation of rural students who “have no hope for further studies, no way to find employment, no wealth for work”. Rural China's small education should be combined with rural reality. The state should focus on reforming rural China's small curriculum and setting up practical courses that embody the characteristics of rural education so that it can better serve the rural economy and social development while improving the overall quality of the rural population.

Countermeasure 6: In view of the difficult situation of the “state-owned privately run” experimental school in our town, it is difficult to run a school, and it has a great impact on the compulsory education public schools, which leads to the unfair distribution of educational resources. It is recommended that the higher authorities in charge fully seek the opinions of teachers, students and parents. On the basis of the law, the acquisition will be carried out according to law, the name of the public school will be restored, and the quality of the teacher resources will be re-integrated with the other compulsory education of China, and the school debt will be repaid in full, and the free mechanism of rural compulsory education will be fully implemented. Promote the comprehensive, healthy and harmonious development of compulsory education in our town, effectively reduce the burden on farmers, and promote the process of creating a socialist harmonious society.

Countermeasure 7: In view of the resurgence of the phenomenon of dropouts among middle school students, on the one hand, it is necessary to increase the propaganda and implementation of compulsory education to ensure that students with difficulties will not learn from poverty; on the other hand, we must promote education and teaching reform, improve the quality of classroom teaching, and activate the classroom atmosphere. Promote students' learning and learning, and ensure that students do not drop out of school because they are tired of learning.

At the same time, it is necessary to improve the evaluation mechanism of school-running level, and effectively incorporate the work of “reduction of burden reduction and control” into the evaluation sequence of education supervision and continuously improve the evaluation index. Therefore, the work of “reducing the burden reduction and control” into the four-in-one chess project of the government, schools, families and society will maximize the control of student loss.

6. Harvest and reflection during the investigation:

Through this social practice, I not only have a clear understanding and analysis of the current situation of China's small rural education in rural areas, but also put forward shallow opinions and suggestions on the reform and development of rural compulsory education in rural areas.

At the same time, it has also enhanced the love and yearning for the hometown, enhanced the confidence and perseverance of studying hard and fighting hard, and laid a good ideological foundation for the future of serving the hometown and serving the motherland. It can be said that the benefits are very slim. Here, I sincerely thank the Youth League Committee for giving me this rare opportunity to receive training and education, and sincerely thank the parents of my hometown for their support.

The road is long and the road is long, and I will search for it. I will cherish the fiery youth and cherish the university time of the book. Under the correct leadership of the party committee and the Youth League Committee of the college, under the mutual encouragement of the teacher and the alumni, I will work hard, be tenacious, and be successful. Dedicated to all the light and heat of creating a harmonious society!