2012 winter vacation social practice survey report
[Essence] Winter Holiday Social Practice Survey Report
Looking at my hometown agriculture
- Winter holiday social practice survey report
Abstract: In recent years, the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” has been the focus of attention. During the winter vacation, some investigations were conducted in the village. This paper puts forward some new ideas on the main problems in agricultural industrialization.
With the ringing of the New Year's bell, the warm spring breeze of 2007 has quietly blown our faces. In the past year, the party and the state continued to implement a series of policies to effectively reduce the burden on farmers and promote the rural economy, education, and The development of medical and other undertakings has promoted the optimal adjustment of the agricultural structure, and the whole society has reached an unprecedented level of attention to the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”. Taking advantage of this Dongfeng, during the winter vacation, I conducted an in-depth and meticulous survey on the production and living conditions of rural farmers in my hometown. Through visiting farmers and other institutions, I learned about the income and expenditure structure of rural farmers and the medical and health conditions in rural areas. . Through the investigation visit, I have gained some valuable practical experience.
Second, the status quo and problems
1. Farmers are generally not optimistic about the increase in income, and the contingency and risk of increasing income are too large.
2. Education investment has become the largest expenditure for ordinary farmers' families.
Through the reform of rural taxes and fees, our county has completely exempted agricultural taxes, special agricultural products taxes, and most other rural administrative fees at the beginning of XX; our county has gradually implemented nine-year compulsory education exemption from the tuition and fees system since XX. . In the past, according to the average peasant family, most families have two or more children. If they are in the small country or the middle school, the reliance on the family’s food and drink can be basically maintained. In the high school stage, it is not in the rural areas. In the region, a high school student needs about 10,000 yuan per year for tuition and daily expenses. The economic situation of the average peasant family can only bear the maximum cost of a child in high school, and it is very difficult; if the child goes to college, many families can not afford the burden.
3. The situation of returning to poverty due to illness is more common, and the rural medical insurance system and the minimum living security system need to be strengthened.
The rural medical insurance system has been implemented in our county for one year. It is generally required that doctors in hospitals at or above the county level can reimburse a certain percentage of the amount of a certain amount or more with valid documents. For most farmers, the general illness is to rely on earthwork or buy some common drugs, and are reluctant to go to the hospital. Medical insurance is ineffective for them. The farmers who actually go to the hospital usually spend one or two thousand. According to the regulations, they can only get one or two hundred insurance premiums, which can only be regarded as a drop in the bucket.
4. The development of financial credit business in rural credit cooperatives lags behind.
In the survey, more than 70% of the farmers thought that “going to a bank credit cooperative to borrow” was troublesome or troublesome. In fact, in most rural areas of the country, ordinary commercial banks take into account the small amount of loans to farmers, difficulty in concentration, and difficulty in repaying loans. In order to avoid risks, loans are not granted to farmers. Basically, they only accept deposits and do not lend loans. The situation of traditional rural credit cooperatives, because of the backward management system, there is no effective loan mechanism for farmers, and it is also “difficult to borrow” for farmers. Although the country has carried out rural financial system reform in response to this situation in the past two years, A lot of new measures have been taken and drastic reforms have been implemented, but it seems that the results have not been effective. When farmers are short of funds, most farmers choose to “borrow from relatives and friends” or “other ways to raise themselves”. Due to the difficulty of borrowing money, the peasants' industrialization management has not developed, and the road to prosperity has become a tortuous road. This has increasingly become an important bottleneck restricting the economic development of rural peasant families.
Investigation of tea situation in my village
Farmers' income increase, rural development, and agricultural modernization are a systematic project, rural tax and fee reform, township financial system reform, township institutional reform, rural financial system reform, rural medical and education system reform, rural democratic political construction, agricultural industrial structure adjustment, new type The construction of peasant cooperative economic organizations and the "Thousand Village Demonstration, Wancun Renovation" project aiming at improving the living environment of peasants in our province... All of this constitutes an organic whole, and it takes a whole body!
1. The current situation of tea industrialization management in this village
After several years of agricultural restructuring and screening and cultivation, our village has formed a leading agricultural industry with tea-based characteristics. There are more than 2,000 acres of tea base, with an output value of 0.1 billion yuan. More than 90% of the farmers in the village are engaged in the tea industry. About 10% of the farmers have set up tea processing enterprises, and the hand-workshop-type processing households are everywhere. Brand awareness has gradually penetrated the hearts of the people. Large-scale enterprises generally attach importance to brand building and strive to establish their own brand. In this regard, the government has also given strong support, and has invested a lot of money to build brands for several years. The rural professional cooperative organization started from XX years and its operation is still relatively loose. Through the operation of the tea industry, the per capita income of farmers in our village has been greatly improved compared with traditional agriculture, reaching more than 6,000 yuan.
2. Main problem
1) Land issues
Among the thousands of acres of tea bases in the village, except for some agricultural bases developed by the main business owners, most of them are “hundreds of clothes” that are directly developed by the farmers to “one acre and three points”. The decentralized operation of farmers has brought great difficulties to standardized and pollution-free production, and has also severely restricted the promotion of science and technology and mechanized production, and increased labor costs. For example, an artificial expenditure often accounts for one quarter of the output value of an acre of green tea, while mechanical tea picking can increase the efficacy by 4-5 times. Moreover, the decentralized operation has enabled most households to independently complete production, supply and marketing, which is incapable of affecting market supply and demand and prices, leading to high risks in the industry. Most professional cooperative organizations operate as “company + farmer”, and have not yet formed a real interest community with farmers. They often have self-sales when the price is high, and the company is reluctant to buy at the agreed price when the price is low. These are also problems in the development of agricultural industrialization and the need for farmers to increase their income.
2) Industry chain issues
Due to the limited base of our own tea processing enterprises in our village, the interest linkage mechanism with farmers is not perfect, and the production, supply and marketing, agriculture, industry and trade are not closely linked, which makes it impossible to expand the scale. Other hand workshops have poor sanitation and loose management, which has led to outstanding quality problems in agricultural products. Due to the limitation of scale, the tea processing capacity of our village has been greatly restricted. The tea grown by many farmers is mainly based on fresh sales. As a result, the huge profits of the processing chain have been given to the tea processing industry in the field. Moreover, due to capital and technology, most processing companies are limited to primary processing, lack of fine processing and in-depth development. Without their own brands, the industrial chain is difficult to extend.
3) Brand issues
It is not enough to build a brand by relying on the government alone. The brand needs large-scale production and specialized sales. It requires the joint efforts of the government, enterprises and farmers. The scale and strength of most enterprises are not required, and there is a lack of a strong peasant tea marketing team, which makes our brand unable to lead the county's tea industry very well, forming a situation where the dragons have no head.
Three countermeasures
In addition to using limited financial resources to increase support for rural development of peasant life, the government is more important to provide guidance and guidance for institutional development and to improve the organization of agricultural industrial cooperation. To provide effective information for farmers, on the one hand, encourage farmers to turn to the secondary and tertiary industries to solve the problem of decentralized land management, and on the other hand, guide the employees of the secondary and tertiary industries to invest in the county's primary industry or provide services to achieve industrial The linkage to form a complete industrial chain structure. Combining the adjustment of rural industrial structure and accelerating the transfer of labor to reduce the rural population to solve the problem of insufficient land, the two magic weapons that solve the problem of increasing farmers' incomes are combined.
Agricultural industrialization must follow the path of sustainable development, closely integrate with “scientific and technological agriculture” and “ecological agriculture” to continuously improve the scientific and technological content of agricultural products and improve resource utilization. For example, with the strength of agricultural science and technology workers, the tea products can be developed in depth while the total tea production in the village is expanded, and biotechnology can be used to extract the unique ingredients in tea to make health products, cosmetics and other related products. It is also necessary to adjust the tea planting plan in a timely manner, implement standardized tea base construction, promote mechanized picking operations, and improve work efficiency and cost.
Four summary
The significance of the investigation lies in the process! On the first day of the investigation, my father told me.
Indeed, the problems in the countryside are very complicated, and what I understand is only some fur, and the results of the investigation are meaningless to the rural problem itself, but the process of investigation is a social experience for me, and the extension of life. !
China currently has a population of 1.3 billion, of which 900 million peasants. In the process of modernization of China's socialist reform and opening up, it is inevitable that such problems will arise. The fundamental solution to the "three rural issues" also requires long-term common efforts of the whole society.
I firmly believe that under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, in the environment in which all Chinese people are eager to promote agricultural development, although the road to China's agricultural development is tortuous, the future of Chinese rural and Chinese peasants is infinitely bright!
Looking at my hometown agriculture
- Winter holiday social practice survey report
Abstract: In recent years, the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” has been the focus of attention. During the winter vacation, some investigations were conducted in the village. This paper puts forward some new ideas on the main problems in agricultural industrialization.
With the ringing of the New Year's bell, the warm spring breeze of 2007 has quietly blown our faces. In the past year, the party and the state continued to implement a series of policies to effectively reduce the burden on farmers and promote the rural economy, education, and The development of medical and other undertakings has promoted the optimal adjustment of the agricultural structure, and the whole society has reached an unprecedented level of attention to the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”. Taking advantage of this Dongfeng, during the winter vacation, I conducted an in-depth and meticulous survey on the production and living conditions of rural farmers in my hometown. Through visiting farmers and other institutions, I learned about the income and expenditure structure of rural farmers and the medical and health conditions in rural areas. . Through the investigation visit, I have gained some valuable practical experience.
Second, the status quo and problems
1. Farmers are generally not optimistic about the increase in income, and the contingency and risk of increasing income are too large.
2. Education investment has become the largest expenditure for ordinary farmers' families.
Through the reform of rural taxes and fees, our county has completely exempted agricultural taxes, special agricultural products taxes, and most other rural administrative fees at the beginning of XX; our county has gradually implemented nine-year compulsory education exemption from the tuition and fees system since XX. . In the past, according to the average peasant family, most families have two or more children. If they are in the small country or the middle school, the reliance on the family’s food and drink can be basically maintained. In the high school stage, it is not in the rural areas. In the region, a high school student needs about 10,000 yuan per year for tuition and daily expenses. The economic situation of the average peasant family can only bear the maximum cost of a child in high school, and it is very difficult; if the child goes to college, many families can not afford the burden.
3. The situation of returning to poverty due to illness is more common, and the rural medical insurance system and the minimum living security system need to be strengthened.
The rural medical insurance system has been implemented in our county for one year. It is generally required that doctors in hospitals at or above the county level can reimburse a certain percentage of the amount of a certain amount or more with valid documents. For most farmers, the general illness is to rely on earthwork or buy some common drugs, and are reluctant to go to the hospital. Medical insurance is ineffective for them. The farmers who actually go to the hospital usually spend one or two thousand. According to the regulations, they can only get one or two hundred insurance premiums, which can only be regarded as a drop in the bucket.
4. The development of financial credit business in rural credit cooperatives lags behind.
In the survey, more than 70% of the farmers thought that “going to a bank credit cooperative to borrow” was troublesome or troublesome. In fact, in most rural areas of the country, ordinary commercial banks take into account the small amount of loans to farmers, difficulty in concentration, and difficulty in repaying loans. In order to avoid risks, loans are not granted to farmers. Basically, they only accept deposits and do not lend loans. The situation of traditional rural credit cooperatives, because of the backward management system, there is no effective loan mechanism for farmers, and it is also “difficult to borrow” for farmers. Although the country has carried out rural financial system reform in response to this situation in the past two years, A lot of new measures have been taken and drastic reforms have been implemented, but it seems that the results have not been effective. When farmers are short of funds, most farmers choose to “borrow from relatives and friends” or “other ways to raise themselves”. Due to the difficulty of borrowing money, the peasants' industrialization management has not developed, and the road to prosperity has become a tortuous road. This has increasingly become an important bottleneck restricting the economic development of rural peasant families.
Investigation of tea situation in my village
Farmers' income increase, rural development, and agricultural modernization are a systematic project, rural tax and fee reform, township financial system reform, township institutional reform, rural financial system reform, rural medical and education system reform, rural democratic political construction, agricultural industrial structure adjustment, new type The construction of peasant cooperative economic organizations and the "Thousand Village Demonstration, Wancun Renovation" project aiming at improving the living environment of peasants in our province... All of this constitutes an organic whole, and it takes a whole body!
1. The current situation of tea industrialization management in this village
After several years of agricultural restructuring and screening and cultivation, our village has formed a leading agricultural industry with tea-based characteristics. There are more than 2,000 acres of tea base, with an output value of 0.1 billion yuan. More than 90% of the farmers in the village are engaged in the tea industry. About 10% of the farmers have set up tea processing enterprises, and the hand-workshop-type processing households are everywhere. Brand awareness has gradually penetrated the hearts of the people. Large-scale enterprises generally attach importance to brand building and strive to establish their own brand. In this regard, the government has also given strong support, and has invested a lot of money to build brands for several years. The rural professional cooperative organization started from XX years and its operation is still relatively loose. Through the operation of the tea industry, the per capita income of farmers in our village has been greatly improved compared with traditional agriculture, reaching more than 6,000 yuan.
2. Main problem
1) Land issues
Among the thousands of acres of tea bases in the village, except for some agricultural bases developed by the main business owners, most of them are “hundreds of clothes” that are directly developed by the farmers to “one acre and three points”. The decentralized operation of farmers has brought great difficulties to standardized and pollution-free production, and has also severely restricted the promotion of science and technology and mechanized production, and increased labor costs. For example, an artificial expenditure often accounts for one quarter of the output value of an acre of green tea, while mechanical tea picking can increase the efficacy by 4-5 times. Moreover, the decentralized operation has enabled most households to independently complete production, supply and marketing, which is incapable of affecting market supply and demand and prices, leading to high risks in the industry. Most professional cooperative organizations operate as “company + farmer”, and have not yet formed a real interest community with farmers. They often have self-sales when the price is high, and the company is reluctant to buy at the agreed price when the price is low. These are also problems in the development of agricultural industrialization and the need for farmers to increase their income.
2) Industry chain issues
Due to the limited base of our own tea processing enterprises in our village, the interest linkage mechanism with farmers is not perfect, and the production, supply and marketing, agriculture, industry and trade are not closely linked, which makes it impossible to expand the scale. Other hand workshops have poor sanitation and loose management, which has led to outstanding quality problems in agricultural products. Due to the limitation of scale, the tea processing capacity of our village has been greatly restricted. The tea grown by many farmers is mainly based on fresh sales. As a result, the huge profits of the processing chain have been given to the tea processing industry in the field. Moreover, due to capital and technology, most processing companies are limited to primary processing, lack of fine processing and in-depth development. Without their own brands, the industrial chain is difficult to extend.
3) Brand issues
It is not enough to build a brand by relying on the government alone. The brand needs large-scale production and specialized sales. It requires the joint efforts of the government, enterprises and farmers. The scale and strength of most enterprises are not required, and there is a lack of a strong peasant tea marketing team, which makes our brand unable to lead the county's tea industry very well, forming a situation where the dragons have no head.
Three countermeasures
In addition to using limited financial resources to increase support for rural development of peasant life, the government is more important to provide guidance and guidance for institutional development and to improve the organization of agricultural industrial cooperation. To provide effective information for farmers, on the one hand, encourage farmers to turn to the secondary and tertiary industries to solve the problem of decentralized land management, and on the other hand, guide the employees of the secondary and tertiary industries to invest in the county's primary industry or provide services to achieve industrial The linkage to form a complete industrial chain structure. Combining the adjustment of rural industrial structure and accelerating the transfer of labor to reduce the rural population to solve the problem of insufficient land, the two magic weapons that solve the problem of increasing farmers' incomes are combined.
Agricultural industrialization must follow the path of sustainable development, closely integrate with “scientific and technological agriculture” and “ecological agriculture” to continuously improve the scientific and technological content of agricultural products and improve resource utilization. For example, with the strength of agricultural science and technology workers, the tea products can be developed in depth while the total tea production in the village is expanded, and biotechnology can be used to extract the unique ingredients in tea to make health products, cosmetics and other related products. It is also necessary to adjust the tea planting plan in a timely manner, implement standardized tea base construction, promote mechanized picking operations, and improve work efficiency and cost.
Four summary
The significance of the investigation lies in the process! On the first day of the investigation, my father told me.
Indeed, the problems in the countryside are very complicated, and what I understand is only some fur, and the results of the investigation are meaningless to the rural problem itself, but the process of investigation is a social experience for me, and the extension of life. !
China currently has a population of 1.3 billion, of which 900 million peasants. In the process of modernization of China's socialist reform and opening up, it is inevitable that such problems will arise. The fundamental solution to the "three rural issues" also requires long-term common efforts of the whole society.
I firmly believe that under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, in the environment in which all Chinese people are eager to promote agricultural development, although the road to China's agricultural development is tortuous, the future of Chinese rural and Chinese peasants is infinitely bright!
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