A Summary of the Social Practice Activities of College Students' Winter Holidays in 2019
Summary of College Students' Winter Holiday Social Practice Activities
Today, after more than two hours of hard work, the summary of social practice has finally been completed, and I still have to take notes. I have to pay close attention to these two days. After the Spring Festival, I have to review the supplementary exams. I guess I have to hang two subjects. Bitter...
In fact, I didn’t practice anything, I just pulled it.... The details are as follows:
Summary of winter vacation social practice activities
——Analysis of the efficiency of Beijing municipal public transport fare reform The common problem encountered in the development of major cities is traffic congestion. When Beijing encounters this problem, Beijing tries to guide people to change the way of travel by reducing the fares of public transport. The specific adjustments to the reform of Beijing Public Transport since January 1 this year are as follows:
Cancel the adult monthly ticket card, the student monthly ticket card and the public transport combined monthly pass card, retain the special monthly pass card for the MRT, and issue ordinary cards and student cards.
The original student monthly ticket card can be used as a student card. The original adult monthly ticket card can be used as a normal card. The original public transport combined with the monthly ticket card can be used as a special monthly ticket for the MRT.
The fare for the urban bus line ticket system is unified: 1 yuan for each single ticket system; 1 yuan for the segment price line within 12 kilometers, and 0.5 yuan for each additional 5 kilometers. There is no discount on cash purchases.
Swipe the card to enjoy the ordinary bus card 40% off, the student card 20% discount; swipe the card to take the original monthly ticket valid section pricing line "discount topping", that is, ordinary card 0.4 yuan per ride, student card every time 0.2 yuan.
Since this public transport fare reform mainly involves road traffic, the MRT is not considered here.
The specific purpose of this reform is to solve the problem of traffic congestion in Beijing. Resolving traffic congestion can reduce the pollution of the exhaust gas to the environment to a certain extent, and can also effectively use highway resources. Beijing mainly promotes public transportation, and reduces bus prices as a means to solve traffic congestion problems.
Let us look at whether this method of motivating people to travel by public transport to reduce the growth of private cars is effective in reducing road congestion and whether it has achieved its intended purpose.
According to a survey conducted by Beijing Zhongguan Economic Survey Co., Ltd. from January 4th to 6th using computer-assisted telephone interviews, about 80% of the residents said that their travel was more convenient. 79.8% of the residents said that the bus reform made it more convenient to travel, and 20.2% of the residents said that the bus reform was not more convenient for travel. This shows that the fare reform of public transport has brought convenience to residents' travel; the survey also shows that the travel expenses of more than 80% of residents are reduced. 83.3% of the residents said that their travel expenses have decreased, 12.5% of the residents' travel expenses have not changed, and 4.2% of the residents' travel expenses have increased. It can be seen that most of the residents have benefited from this reform. The reform of public transportation has reduced their travel costs. At the same time, about 80% of the residents said that they will increase the number of trips by bus. 79.8% of the residents indicated that they will increase the number of bus trips, and 20.2% of residents will not increase the number of bus trips. Through this survey report, it seems that the fare reform of public transport facilitates the travel of citizens, reduces the cost of travel, and plays an incentive role for citizens to use public transport. However, this effectively solves the traffic congestion in Beijing. What is the problem! When we traveled, we were able to find that the traffic congestion problem in Beijing was not solved. Therefore, we need to reflect on whether the government's reform is efficient.
The fare reform of public transport did not stimulate the car owners to give up private cars.
The reform of bus fares is mainly reflected in its price cuts. However, the biggest beneficiaries of this large price cut are not those who have car owners, but the residents who usually take buses, and those who do not have cars and usually do not get buses. Most of these people choose to ride a bicycle or walk. The price cuts of public transport are very irritating to these people. On the contrary, they are very little or even irritating to those who originally drove. The reason is that the person who originally drove the car has a higher evaluation of the way of driving than the bus. This kind of high evaluation is its own, and it is not changed by the government to reduce the bus fare. It is because the travel environment, travel time, and travel flexibility of the two modes of travel are different. Therefore, although the fares of public transport are reduced, it is impossible to change the willingness of car owners to drive, because they are willing to pay more for their own way of travel, rather than how cheap the alternative travel mode is. Therefore, the fare reform of the public transport did not stimulate the car owners to give up private cars.
There was no significant increase in the number of people using public transport.
According to the survey data of the Traffic Commission, there are currently 11 million passengers on the bus every day, and the number of passengers has increased by about 750,000. According to the original average fare of 1 yuan and the current average fare of 0.4 yuan, the demand elasticity of public transport is 0.082, which shows that the demand for public transport is inelastic demand, so it seems that the change in demand for large price changes The reflection will not be obvious or even very small.
The reduction in fares is caused by government subsidies and does not contribute to the effective allocation of resources.
The reduction in fares this time was not caused by market competition, but by government subsidies. It is not denied that the regulation of the Juguan policy can have an immediate effect on economic development. However, in this fare reform, the government’s regulation and control have not been achieved, or in the short term, it has not achieved the purpose of alleviating traffic congestion. Not conducive to the effective allocation of resources. Government subsidies come from taxes. Taxes themselves are involuntary transfers of private property. Taxes are used to improve factors that affect social stability and unity. Previous bus fares are not very high. For most people, in their Within the acceptable range, this is not the main contradiction that affects social stability and unity and affects social progress. Therefore, it is inefficient to use taxation in the form of subsidies to promote the development of public transportation.
The government is still vigorously developing the automobile industry.
The root cause of road congestion is that the growth of road resources cannot meet the rapid growth of vehicles. However, while Beijing is vigorously promoting public transportation, Beijing's automobile industry is also developing rapidly. In recent years, Beijing Automotive Industry has adopted strategic management and Capital operation, initially formed a car represented by Beijing Hyundai Motor Co., a commercial vehicle represented by Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd. and a "three sections" of light off-road vehicles represented by Beijing Jeep. In XX, the system's production, sales and sales revenue ranked fifth in the country. The government's policy of vigorously developing the automobile industry has a negative effect on alleviating traffic congestion.
Some people think that the current fare system cannot improve traffic congestion in the short term, but long-term implementation will play a greater role in improving traffic congestion. I don't think so, the reason is still based on the above four points. In essence, the cause of traffic congestion is not due to the high fares of public transport, but because of people's own understanding of the choice of travel modes. It is generally believed that driving is shorter and more convenient than taking a bus. It is not restricted by the number of trains. Therefore, there is a high evaluation of the way of driving. This high evaluation is reflected in the willingness to pay more for it. It is not how cheap it is. Therefore, it is inefficient to help solve the traffic congestion problem by reforming the public transportation fare system.
Today, after more than two hours of hard work, the summary of social practice has finally been completed, and I still have to take notes. I have to pay close attention to these two days. After the Spring Festival, I have to review the supplementary exams. I guess I have to hang two subjects. Bitter...
In fact, I didn’t practice anything, I just pulled it.... The details are as follows:
Summary of winter vacation social practice activities
——Analysis of the efficiency of Beijing municipal public transport fare reform The common problem encountered in the development of major cities is traffic congestion. When Beijing encounters this problem, Beijing tries to guide people to change the way of travel by reducing the fares of public transport. The specific adjustments to the reform of Beijing Public Transport since January 1 this year are as follows:
Cancel the adult monthly ticket card, the student monthly ticket card and the public transport combined monthly pass card, retain the special monthly pass card for the MRT, and issue ordinary cards and student cards.
The original student monthly ticket card can be used as a student card. The original adult monthly ticket card can be used as a normal card. The original public transport combined with the monthly ticket card can be used as a special monthly ticket for the MRT.
The fare for the urban bus line ticket system is unified: 1 yuan for each single ticket system; 1 yuan for the segment price line within 12 kilometers, and 0.5 yuan for each additional 5 kilometers. There is no discount on cash purchases.
Swipe the card to enjoy the ordinary bus card 40% off, the student card 20% discount; swipe the card to take the original monthly ticket valid section pricing line "discount topping", that is, ordinary card 0.4 yuan per ride, student card every time 0.2 yuan.
Since this public transport fare reform mainly involves road traffic, the MRT is not considered here.
The specific purpose of this reform is to solve the problem of traffic congestion in Beijing. Resolving traffic congestion can reduce the pollution of the exhaust gas to the environment to a certain extent, and can also effectively use highway resources. Beijing mainly promotes public transportation, and reduces bus prices as a means to solve traffic congestion problems.
Let us look at whether this method of motivating people to travel by public transport to reduce the growth of private cars is effective in reducing road congestion and whether it has achieved its intended purpose.
According to a survey conducted by Beijing Zhongguan Economic Survey Co., Ltd. from January 4th to 6th using computer-assisted telephone interviews, about 80% of the residents said that their travel was more convenient. 79.8% of the residents said that the bus reform made it more convenient to travel, and 20.2% of the residents said that the bus reform was not more convenient for travel. This shows that the fare reform of public transport has brought convenience to residents' travel; the survey also shows that the travel expenses of more than 80% of residents are reduced. 83.3% of the residents said that their travel expenses have decreased, 12.5% of the residents' travel expenses have not changed, and 4.2% of the residents' travel expenses have increased. It can be seen that most of the residents have benefited from this reform. The reform of public transportation has reduced their travel costs. At the same time, about 80% of the residents said that they will increase the number of trips by bus. 79.8% of the residents indicated that they will increase the number of bus trips, and 20.2% of residents will not increase the number of bus trips. Through this survey report, it seems that the fare reform of public transport facilitates the travel of citizens, reduces the cost of travel, and plays an incentive role for citizens to use public transport. However, this effectively solves the traffic congestion in Beijing. What is the problem! When we traveled, we were able to find that the traffic congestion problem in Beijing was not solved. Therefore, we need to reflect on whether the government's reform is efficient.
The fare reform of public transport did not stimulate the car owners to give up private cars.
The reform of bus fares is mainly reflected in its price cuts. However, the biggest beneficiaries of this large price cut are not those who have car owners, but the residents who usually take buses, and those who do not have cars and usually do not get buses. Most of these people choose to ride a bicycle or walk. The price cuts of public transport are very irritating to these people. On the contrary, they are very little or even irritating to those who originally drove. The reason is that the person who originally drove the car has a higher evaluation of the way of driving than the bus. This kind of high evaluation is its own, and it is not changed by the government to reduce the bus fare. It is because the travel environment, travel time, and travel flexibility of the two modes of travel are different. Therefore, although the fares of public transport are reduced, it is impossible to change the willingness of car owners to drive, because they are willing to pay more for their own way of travel, rather than how cheap the alternative travel mode is. Therefore, the fare reform of the public transport did not stimulate the car owners to give up private cars.
There was no significant increase in the number of people using public transport.
According to the survey data of the Traffic Commission, there are currently 11 million passengers on the bus every day, and the number of passengers has increased by about 750,000. According to the original average fare of 1 yuan and the current average fare of 0.4 yuan, the demand elasticity of public transport is 0.082, which shows that the demand for public transport is inelastic demand, so it seems that the change in demand for large price changes The reflection will not be obvious or even very small.
The reduction in fares is caused by government subsidies and does not contribute to the effective allocation of resources.
The reduction in fares this time was not caused by market competition, but by government subsidies. It is not denied that the regulation of the Juguan policy can have an immediate effect on economic development. However, in this fare reform, the government’s regulation and control have not been achieved, or in the short term, it has not achieved the purpose of alleviating traffic congestion. Not conducive to the effective allocation of resources. Government subsidies come from taxes. Taxes themselves are involuntary transfers of private property. Taxes are used to improve factors that affect social stability and unity. Previous bus fares are not very high. For most people, in their Within the acceptable range, this is not the main contradiction that affects social stability and unity and affects social progress. Therefore, it is inefficient to use taxation in the form of subsidies to promote the development of public transportation.
The government is still vigorously developing the automobile industry.
The root cause of road congestion is that the growth of road resources cannot meet the rapid growth of vehicles. However, while Beijing is vigorously promoting public transportation, Beijing's automobile industry is also developing rapidly. In recent years, Beijing Automotive Industry has adopted strategic management and Capital operation, initially formed a car represented by Beijing Hyundai Motor Co., a commercial vehicle represented by Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd. and a "three sections" of light off-road vehicles represented by Beijing Jeep. In XX, the system's production, sales and sales revenue ranked fifth in the country. The government's policy of vigorously developing the automobile industry has a negative effect on alleviating traffic congestion.
Some people think that the current fare system cannot improve traffic congestion in the short term, but long-term implementation will play a greater role in improving traffic congestion. I don't think so, the reason is still based on the above four points. In essence, the cause of traffic congestion is not due to the high fares of public transport, but because of people's own understanding of the choice of travel modes. It is generally believed that driving is shorter and more convenient than taking a bus. It is not restricted by the number of trains. Therefore, there is a high evaluation of the way of driving. This high evaluation is reflected in the willingness to pay more for it. It is not how cheap it is. Therefore, it is inefficient to help solve the traffic congestion problem by reforming the public transportation fare system.
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