2019 Accounting Professional Winter Holiday Social Practice Report
During the winter vacation, I was fortunate enough to come to the Shuangliu County Branch of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China for a one-month accounting internship. I learned a lot of knowledge outside of books and benefited a lot. The following is a brief discussion of my real name system for bank savings deposits.
First, the meaning of the real name system of savings deposits
The real-name system of savings deposits refers to the system in which residents must present valid identification when they open an account with a financial institution and handle savings business. Bank employees are obliged to give records and require depositors to leave their names on the deposit slip. Its fundamental purpose is to promote the financial system on the basis of fairness, justice and openness under the premise of effectively protecting personal interests and safeguarding national interests, and to ensure the authenticity and legitimacy of personal financial assets.
In the past 50 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the savings deposit system has been implementing a registered savings system. The name can be a real name, a pseudonym, a code or a name of a relative or friend. In particular, the current savings, the bank only recognizes the deposit and disclaims the person, as long as the payer provides the passbook to show the seal or lose the password to the bank, the payment is made. The real-name system of savings deposits is a financial system that has been implemented by developed countries and is also the financial system implemented by most developing countries.
Second, why do you need real savings deposit real name system?
China's current deposit and deposit registration system can be said to have caused a series of social and economic problems from the source, which has hindered the process of reform and opening up and reached a point where it is difficult to return.
1. The phenomenon of accelerating growth of savings deposits has concealed the shocking social wealth transfer. As of the end of June 1999, the total savings deposits of commercial banks in China amounted to 6.3 trillion yuan. China's household savings deposits have grown geometrically. In 1987, the balance of savings deposits of Chinese residents was only 307.3 billion yuan. In 1992, it exceeded 1 trillion yuan. In 1994, it exceeded 2 trillion yuan. In t995, it exceeded 3 trillion yuan. At the end of 1998, it reached 5.3 trillion yuan, and in just half a year, it reached 6.3 trillion yuan at the end of June 1999. Since 1992, China's gdp growth rate has embarked on a fast-growing channel. The highest year is 14.1% in 1992, and the lowest year is 7.8% in 1998. From 92 to 98, the arithmetic mean The number is only 10.76%, and the growth of gdp is not synchronized with the growth of savings deposits. This shows that two points, one is that the distribution of national income is excessively inclined to individuals. Second, some personal income is not derived from national income, but directly from the loss of state-owned assets.
2, tax collection and management difficulties, tax evasion is serious. Taxation is a citizen's obligation, but under realistic conditions, it is an individual's ability to evade taxation. For many financial managers, tax evasion has become an obligation. The proportion of China's personal income tax in per capita gdp is about 0. .28% or so, far below the average of 2.1% of the developing countries, the excessive loss of tax sources, the root cause is that China's current savings deposit system can not support the collection and supervision of personal income tax, and the imperfect deposit system is not good. In establishing a citizen's credit system, it is impossible to clarify the individual's obligations to the state, and it is impossible to adjust the income gap and the gap between the rich and the poor through tax leverage, alleviate social contradictions, and enable the state to concentrate on doing big things.
3. The relevant adjustment policies of China are at a loss, and the implementation effect is greatly reduced. For example, in response to the lack of domestic demand and weak consumption, the state has introduced a series of policies to stimulate consumption, such as continuously lowering interest rates, encouraging consumer credit, collecting interest income tax on savings, increasing the wage income of civil servants and public institutions, and stimulating education consumption. Wait, but the effect of these policies is not obvious. Why? Because the deposit and deposit registration system masks the gap between the rich and the poor, it is difficult for the legislative and administrative agencies to prescribe the right medicine. For a small number of wealthy people, the income is only a decrease in the number. Money can't be spent on them for a few years, and there are some, so they are numb to the policy of stimulating consumption.
4. The personal credit system cannot be established. The market economy is a credit economy. All economic relations depend on credit to maintain. Without a good credit system, there will be a phenomenon of “unstable trading” and “investment lock-in”. Because of mutual distrust, the trading method will be to cash transactions and goods. The original stereotypes such as goods slipped down, and the pessimistic sentiments of "banks reluctantly lend, enterprises cherish investment, and individuals cherish borrowing" pervaded, causing economic dynamism to decline, and macroeconomic regulation and control policies are difficult to play a role. The establishment of a personal credit system is of course a complicated program involving financial law and regulation construction, financial product innovation, technological innovation and management innovation. However, the real-name system of deposit summer internship report deposits is the most basic and core content.
Third, how to implement the real name system of savings deposits
1. Establish a real-name system for savings deposits based on the existing personal identification number. Credit is the face and passport of citizens living in the world. The quality of personal credit is directly related to whether they can enjoy loans, overdrafts and installment payments, and also affect retirement protection. Under the record and support of the real-name system of savings deposits, every income, transaction, tax payment, loan, and repayment of each person is recorded as the basis for assessing credit.
2. Defining a declaration confirmation period, registering and registering existing personal accounts and personal assets, indicating the legal source that can be calculated, and if the time is not fixed, unclaimed, and unable to explain the legal source, the state will freeze the investigation and the illegal income will be Confiscation and confiscation.
3. The bank account is connected with the taxation authority. The income and expenditure of the individual account are reported to the tax bureau within the scope of authorization. The tax bureau is responsible for the tax payment. The tax bureau is obliged to keep the personal property highly confidential and establish corresponding punishment measures. In order to block cash transactions and evade loopholes in tax inspections, banks should strictly control the number and frequency of large-value deposits and withdrawals, and report them to the tax bureau for abnormal conditions.
4. It is necessary to promote the billing of payment instruments and provide a basis for property registration and legal taxation. In particular, personal accounts need to popularize the check transfer business. The bill clearing must be electronic, instant, and pass-through, and provide “anytime, anywhere, casual” personal transfer business, and gradually change the traditional practice of relying on cash transactions.
First, the meaning of the real name system of savings deposits
The real-name system of savings deposits refers to the system in which residents must present valid identification when they open an account with a financial institution and handle savings business. Bank employees are obliged to give records and require depositors to leave their names on the deposit slip. Its fundamental purpose is to promote the financial system on the basis of fairness, justice and openness under the premise of effectively protecting personal interests and safeguarding national interests, and to ensure the authenticity and legitimacy of personal financial assets.
In the past 50 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the savings deposit system has been implementing a registered savings system. The name can be a real name, a pseudonym, a code or a name of a relative or friend. In particular, the current savings, the bank only recognizes the deposit and disclaims the person, as long as the payer provides the passbook to show the seal or lose the password to the bank, the payment is made. The real-name system of savings deposits is a financial system that has been implemented by developed countries and is also the financial system implemented by most developing countries.
Second, why do you need real savings deposit real name system?
China's current deposit and deposit registration system can be said to have caused a series of social and economic problems from the source, which has hindered the process of reform and opening up and reached a point where it is difficult to return.
1. The phenomenon of accelerating growth of savings deposits has concealed the shocking social wealth transfer. As of the end of June 1999, the total savings deposits of commercial banks in China amounted to 6.3 trillion yuan. China's household savings deposits have grown geometrically. In 1987, the balance of savings deposits of Chinese residents was only 307.3 billion yuan. In 1992, it exceeded 1 trillion yuan. In 1994, it exceeded 2 trillion yuan. In t995, it exceeded 3 trillion yuan. At the end of 1998, it reached 5.3 trillion yuan, and in just half a year, it reached 6.3 trillion yuan at the end of June 1999. Since 1992, China's gdp growth rate has embarked on a fast-growing channel. The highest year is 14.1% in 1992, and the lowest year is 7.8% in 1998. From 92 to 98, the arithmetic mean The number is only 10.76%, and the growth of gdp is not synchronized with the growth of savings deposits. This shows that two points, one is that the distribution of national income is excessively inclined to individuals. Second, some personal income is not derived from national income, but directly from the loss of state-owned assets.
2, tax collection and management difficulties, tax evasion is serious. Taxation is a citizen's obligation, but under realistic conditions, it is an individual's ability to evade taxation. For many financial managers, tax evasion has become an obligation. The proportion of China's personal income tax in per capita gdp is about 0. .28% or so, far below the average of 2.1% of the developing countries, the excessive loss of tax sources, the root cause is that China's current savings deposit system can not support the collection and supervision of personal income tax, and the imperfect deposit system is not good. In establishing a citizen's credit system, it is impossible to clarify the individual's obligations to the state, and it is impossible to adjust the income gap and the gap between the rich and the poor through tax leverage, alleviate social contradictions, and enable the state to concentrate on doing big things.
3. The relevant adjustment policies of China are at a loss, and the implementation effect is greatly reduced. For example, in response to the lack of domestic demand and weak consumption, the state has introduced a series of policies to stimulate consumption, such as continuously lowering interest rates, encouraging consumer credit, collecting interest income tax on savings, increasing the wage income of civil servants and public institutions, and stimulating education consumption. Wait, but the effect of these policies is not obvious. Why? Because the deposit and deposit registration system masks the gap between the rich and the poor, it is difficult for the legislative and administrative agencies to prescribe the right medicine. For a small number of wealthy people, the income is only a decrease in the number. Money can't be spent on them for a few years, and there are some, so they are numb to the policy of stimulating consumption.
4. The personal credit system cannot be established. The market economy is a credit economy. All economic relations depend on credit to maintain. Without a good credit system, there will be a phenomenon of “unstable trading” and “investment lock-in”. Because of mutual distrust, the trading method will be to cash transactions and goods. The original stereotypes such as goods slipped down, and the pessimistic sentiments of "banks reluctantly lend, enterprises cherish investment, and individuals cherish borrowing" pervaded, causing economic dynamism to decline, and macroeconomic regulation and control policies are difficult to play a role. The establishment of a personal credit system is of course a complicated program involving financial law and regulation construction, financial product innovation, technological innovation and management innovation. However, the real-name system of deposit summer internship report deposits is the most basic and core content.
Third, how to implement the real name system of savings deposits
1. Establish a real-name system for savings deposits based on the existing personal identification number. Credit is the face and passport of citizens living in the world. The quality of personal credit is directly related to whether they can enjoy loans, overdrafts and installment payments, and also affect retirement protection. Under the record and support of the real-name system of savings deposits, every income, transaction, tax payment, loan, and repayment of each person is recorded as the basis for assessing credit.
2. Defining a declaration confirmation period, registering and registering existing personal accounts and personal assets, indicating the legal source that can be calculated, and if the time is not fixed, unclaimed, and unable to explain the legal source, the state will freeze the investigation and the illegal income will be Confiscation and confiscation.
3. The bank account is connected with the taxation authority. The income and expenditure of the individual account are reported to the tax bureau within the scope of authorization. The tax bureau is responsible for the tax payment. The tax bureau is obliged to keep the personal property highly confidential and establish corresponding punishment measures. In order to block cash transactions and evade loopholes in tax inspections, banks should strictly control the number and frequency of large-value deposits and withdrawals, and report them to the tax bureau for abnormal conditions.
4. It is necessary to promote the billing of payment instruments and provide a basis for property registration and legal taxation. In particular, personal accounts need to popularize the check transfer business. The bill clearing must be electronic, instant, and pass-through, and provide “anytime, anywhere, casual” personal transfer business, and gradually change the traditional practice of relying on cash transactions.
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