Social Investigation Report on the Three Rural Issues

The issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers has been a hot topic since its introduction. It is related to the improvement of the quality of life of the people. It is the basic starting point and the foothold of our country's construction and the realization of a well-off society. In this context, using the winter vacation in 2019, I returned to Fufeng County as a college student, and carried out the re-promotion of the “three rural” policy and the questionnaire survey on “three rural issues”. Through publicity and investigation, I learned about some situations and found some problems. Based on the survey data, combined with the specific conditions of Fufeng County, I also put forward some of my own views and measures on how to solve the "three rural issues". I hope that our parents can get benefits and improve their lives!
(1) Overview of Fufeng County
1.1 Located in the Weihe River Basin in the eastern part of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province. In the Western Han Dynasty, this place was the seal of the Jingguan Right Wind, and the Tang Dynasty used the name of the Han Dynasty as the county name. The area is 751 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 15 townships, 205 administrative villages and 22 neighborhood committees. The population is 448,000. Fufeng County has jurisdiction over Chengguan Town, Tiandu Town, Wujing Town, Yanke Town, Duanjia Town, Xinglin Town, Zhaogong Town, Famen Town, Nanyang Town, Shangsong Township, Shigu Township, Taibai Township and Huangdui Township. Jianhe Township, Xindian Town. The cultivated land is 49,200 hectares. The cultivated land is 49,200 hectares. The food crops are mainly wheat and corn. The cash crops are mainly cotton, followed by rapeseed, sesame, peanut, hemp, pepper and flue-cured tobacco. It is one of the main producing areas of wheat and cotton in our province. Fufeng County is a large agricultural county. It is a production base for food production in the country and grain, rape, pig, apple, pepper, Qinchuan cattle in Shaanxi Province. The construction of “ton grain field” is 10,133 hectares, the total fruit area is 7,333 hectares, the vegetable area is 1,067 hectares, and the pepper is 2,800 hectares. There are more than 400 acres of natural forest in the north of the county, mainly poplar and scorpion. The economic forest has apples, persimmons, apricots, walnuts, and pears. The main medicinal materials are Atractylodes, habitat, rhubarb, and astragalus. Wild herbs mainly include wind, scutellaria, atractylodes, Bupleurum, mantle, jujube, and hawthorn. Large livestock have cattle, horses, donkeys, and donkeys. “Qinchuan Cattle” and “Guanzhongyu” are widely distributed in plateau and plain towns. There are more than 10 kinds of wild birds and beasts such as hares and golden pheasants. The industry has agricultural machinery, motors, towels, cement, pumps, food processing and other plants.
1.2 The population has jurisdiction over 15 townships, 205 administrative villages and 22 neighborhood committees. The population is 448,000.
1.3 Economic and Social Development and People's Living Indicators Regarding the total economic income of our county, we have not found any reference materials for the past two years so far, but as far as I am concerned, we are indeed a poor county with a relatively backward economy in other brothers and counties. The lack of pillar industries, the area of ​​agricultural irrigation is small, the income of farmers is generally low, and the life of farmers is relatively difficult.
(II) Implementation of the “Three Rural Issues” Policy in Fufeng County
2.1 “Focus on agriculture, paying attention to rural areas and paying attention to farmers”. In the past three summers in the summer, in Fufeng County, a large-scale publicity campaign focused on “Agriculture Concerns Rural Concerns Farmers” was launched. They distributed relevant information on the central "three rural" policies to the vast number of past people, and introduced them to the central "three rural" issues, and they also conducted a questionnaire survey on the "three rural" policy. We researched and analyzed previous data. It is concluded that the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers needs re-investment.

2.2 Questionnaire on “Three Rural Issues”. We did another survey ourselves. We can accurately analyze the previous data. We distributed 120 questionnaires to the people in the past and recovered 109 copies with a recovery rate of 90.833%. Our questionnaire has 11 questions, 8 of which are multiple-choice questions, 2 are fill-in-the-blank questions, and 1 question and answer question. 3 of the 8 multiple choice questions have fixed answers, and 5 answers are uncertain.
2.3 Survey results. Of the 109 questionnaires collected, we extracted 98 valid questionnaires. We conducted a statistical analysis of these questionnaires. Questions are as follows:
1) The “three rural issues” of the “three rural issues” refer to:
a farmer b agriculture c rural d farmer e farmland
2) In recent years, the state has introduced a series of policy measures to increase food production and increase farmers' income. Which of the following has been cancelled:
a agricultural tax b agricultural special product tax c I don't know
3) How do you know about the “three rural” policy?
a watch TV b listen to the broadcast c others told me the d government propaganda
4) Do you support the relevant “three rural” policies issued by the state?
a strong support b support c I don't care d I don't know the results of these policy statistical analysis are as follows:
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Correct Number Error Number Correct Rate Correct Number Error Number Correct Rate a Answer b Answer c Answer d Answer a Answer b Answer c Answer d Answer
62 36 63.265% 72 26 73.469% 56 10 24 8 21 45 21 11
From the data in the above table, we can easily find out that in Fufeng County, 36.735% of the people are not aware of what is “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”; and for which tax is cancelled, only 73.469% of people know In addition, they also have problems in understanding the ways of the “three rural” policy and the degree of attention to the “three rural” policy. Coupled with our investigation and analysis and visits to farmers, combined with the actual situation of Fufeng County, we can easily find the problem: the government's propaganda is not enough, the farmers are not very familiar with the "three rural" policy; the "three rural" policy is not well implemented; The introduction of the "three rural" policy for farmers friends, they do not seem to get any real benefits; farmers continue to increase income is still very difficult, the income gap between urban and rural residents is still very large. I think that the problems reflected are not only the problems of Fufeng County, but also the problems that are widespread in the vast rural areas of China. So how do you solve these problems? What should we do? I will discuss this issue next.
(III) Understanding and Thinking Through this publicity survey, we have a deeper understanding of the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”. I have recognized some problems and obstacles in implementing the “three rural” policy.
The issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is a big problem in China's economic development. A very important issue is related to the success or failure of China's reform, opening up, and modernization drive. "Agricultural prosperity, Baiyexing; peasant wealth, Wanjiafu; rural set, the world is set!" Therefore, we must pay attention to the "three rural" problem, and find ways to solve the "three rural" problem. I think we can start from the following aspects.
3.1 Strengthen the propaganda of the “three rural” policy and earnestly implement the “three rural” policy.
3.2 Increase the full employment of rural surplus labor. To this end, we can take the following approach.
1) Break the dual social and economic structure that creates the opposition between urban and rural areas as soon as possible, and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents. 2) Open up the vast western region of China as a broad battlefield for farmers to fully employ. 3) Further emancipate the mind, increase the intensity of exporting labor to foreign countries, and increase its quantity. 4) Urbanization is the main channel for peasant employment.

3.3 Start from within the rural areas and solve the “three rural issues”. Solving the problem of full employment of farmers is a long-term and arduous task. It is a great and huge system engineering, which requires a relatively long historical process. In my opinion, in addition to the above measures, we can start from the inside of the countryside and further deepen the reform to solve some problems.
3.4 Accelerate the pace of agricultural modernization and take the road of agricultural modernization. Agricultural modernization is a complex system engineering, and achieving agricultural modernization is a long-term and arduous task. According to the current reality in China, we can not take the road characterized by mechanization and chemicalization, which is represented by the United States and Western European countries, and the people who are represented by Japan. Technology is the way to focus. We must choose a road to agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics that emphasizes mechanization, chemicalization and water conservancy, and focuses on biotechnology, based on China's national conditions, national strength, agricultural conditions, and agricultural strength. In the choice of agricultural modernization path, I think the following points are very important.
3.5.1 Innovation of agricultural land system. We can do it from these aspects.
1) Formulate laws and regulations for the paid transfer of agricultural land, establish a land use right transfer system, and ensure that land circulation is carried out in an orderly manner. 2) Establish an agricultural land transfer market to achieve optimal allocation of resources. 3) Establish an alternative mechanism for social security of contracted land. 4) Establish a land compensation mechanism.
3.5 Intensify the training of agricultural high-tech talents, and create more and more advanced agricultural science and technology talents. With the advancement of industrialization and urbanization in China, the reduction of cultivated land will be a big trend. How to solve the problem of Chinese eating in less and less cultivated land, this heavy responsibility can only be accomplished by relying on high-tech agricultural technology. As Mr. Zhen Zhenyuan, Secretary of the Party Committee of China Agricultural University said: “The fundamental way out for agriculture is in science and technology!”
(4) Concluding remarks The issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” is a grand issue. The relationship between the people's livelihood and the national economy involves various aspects of politics, economy, culture and society. The study of this topic should be said to be a challenge, and if we start from the fundamental way out of our peasants. It is a serious challenge to combine agriculture, rural areas and farmers to conduct research. As I was born in rural areas and grew up in the countryside, as a child of the peasants, I have a personal experience of the peasants' sourness and bitterness, and have a deep feeling for the changes in the countryside. I am very concerned about the issue of "three rural"! Of course, my article is definitely not a study, but I saw some phenomena, found some problems, produced some ideas, and then after careful thinking, I read some information, and finally I realized my own ideas and ideas. Expressed in words. As long as our government, farmers, and people from all walks of life work together and take effective measures, the solution to the "three rural issues" will soon become a reality! Realize the gap between urban and rural areas, reduce the occurrence and spread of people's dissatisfaction, maintain the long-term and efficient development of the country, build a harmonious home, and maintain social stability!