Investigation Report on Summer Social Practice Activities--Investigation on the Reform of State-owned Enterprises

Investigation Report on Summer Social Practice Activities--Investigation on the Reform of State-owned Enterprises

Summary:

Today, as globalization and informationization become more and more popular, as China's accession to wto and market economy become mainstream, the state-owned enterprise system under the planned economic system has been greatly impacted, and institutional reform is imperative. The way to reform is to implement a modern enterprise system, that is, the separation of government and enterprise; the separation of ownership and management rights; and the implementation of a public enterprise system. The goal of the restructuring is to enhance the competitiveness of state-owned enterprises, create more wealth for the citizens, and form a set of scientific and standardized systems that can be used for future generations.

Keywords: state-owned enterprise planning economy privatization modern enterprise system mutual benefit transformation

Survey report structure:

Part I: Survey Background and Survey Form

Part II: Text

One. The limitations of the project economy

two. The situation faced by state-owned enterprises today

three. Ways of restructuring state-owned enterprises

four. Notable question

Fives. references

Part III: The feelings of this social practice

The first part of the survey background and survey form

First, the investigation background

Today, as globalization and informationization become more and more popular, as China's accession to wto and market economy become mainstream, the state-owned enterprise system under the planned economic system has been greatly impacted, and institutional reform is imperative. For a country that transitions from a central planning economy to a market economy, because it often has a long-term system and traces of new markets, its effectiveness depends on both the legacy and the past. The new market mechanism introduced. This is the status quo of China. Therefore, in order to fully understand the causes and consequences of the restructuring of state-owned enterprises, we must not only understand what role the market economy plays, but also understand why state-owned enterprises in the central planning economy have also created considerable wealth. And in the analysis must not be able to break away from China's special national conditions, which requires in-depth investigation, analysis and thinking.

Second, the form of investigation

In this social practice, I have consulted a large number of relevant literature, read dozens of related articles, formed some ideas, and with the help of my parents, I have conducted several middle and high-level managers and general employees of state-owned enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises. Prepared for the interview and exchanged views with them. They not only exchanged ideas with me, but also provided me with many valuable front-line materials for my reference. The views of practitioners within state-owned enterprises have had a great impact on my thinking and played an important role in the formation of this investigation report. The views of foreign company employees also provide a good model for thinking about the development direction of state-owned enterprises. Of course, as my personal summer homework, the main ideas of this survey report are formed by my personal thinking in reading, writing, and thinking in the dead of night. There are some sparks of inspiration, which I have checked online, nowadays No other person has raised a similar point of view, which is the highlight of this report.

Interview questions:

1. Do you think that the reform of state-owned enterprises is necessary, and why?

2. What path do you think the state-owned enterprise should adopt?

3. Can you brief me on the restructuring of your company at this stage?

4. What impact do you think your business will have on your career?

5. What problems should you pay attention to when changing?

The second part of the text

First, the limitations of the project economy

For a long period of time, China has implemented the central planning economic system like the Soviet Union in the past and the North Korea today. Even when people generally think that China is already a market economy country, the Chinese have not completely shaken off. The shadow of the economy, the regulation of the giants, the policy guidelines, and the archives of the National Development and Reform Commission... The economic system of the plan is not completely away from us, but it plays a very strong role in the dark. This kind of planning economic system has now become the core issue that restricts the restructuring and development of state-owned enterprises. At the beginning of this investigation report, I must first explain the limitations of the planning economy.

However, unless we can figure out why the project economy has survived and developed, we cannot analyze the internal causes of the planned economic downturn.

There are two main sources of growth in the central planning economy. First, the ruler has a common interest and can use a large part of the output growth in his ruling area to achieve his goals. Second, there are many markets, either explicit or dark, in these societies that enable them to realize some of the benefits from trade. However, as time goes by, the “common interest” is weakening, and the narrow interests of the subordinate small groups are increasing day by day, forming a serious “institutional rigidity syndrome”. Moreover, the order formed in the central planning economy comes from the political and administrative disposition of officials, not the legal rules, which always raises the issue of political and administrative disposition of uncertainty. A fatal flaw in the central planning economy is not simply the misuse or abuse of power, but the fact that it gives a large amount of disposition to political leaders and administrative officials. Lord Acton once said: "Power will bring corruption, and absolute power will bring absolute corruption." Ordinary people, without a large amount of uncertainty about expectations, have no guarantee of individual rights, and cannot formulate their personal plans and realize long-term and complex transactions that can bring a lot of benefits.

It is precisely because the government is indispensable for individual rights that the government may become the greatest threat to these rights. Only the government can expropriate property on a large scale, unilaterally change the conditions of the contract or engage in various transactions that only benefit both parties to the transaction and the public. So far, what we have is a contradictory assumption: sustained economic development requires such a government, which is quite powerful and thus self-sustaining, but subject to various restrictions or restrictions, so that it cannot abuse its supreme power to deprive individuals. s right. Therefore, in order to realize all the benefits from trade, we need a complete legal system and political order to strengthen contracts, protect property rights, enforce mortgage agreements, develop limited liability companies, and foster a more liquid investment and credit. A long-lasting and extensive capital market. It is no coincidence that the most prosperous countries happen to be those that provide the maximum individual rights by virtue of the system. Without these systems, a society cannot enjoy the fruitful fruits of a safe market, and it is difficult to create complex products that can only be created through long-term cooperation among many people, and cannot be obtained from other parties or Profit from the arrangement of multiple periods. Without a proper institutional environment, a country can only be limited to those that are self-disciplined. That is to say, under the planning economic system like the former Soviet Union and North Korea, personal rights and interests are not fully recognized by the system and the law, and people are not motivated to engage in production. At this point, Adam Smith’s private interests drive the public. The argument of interest defeats the socialist point of view: chasing personal interests at the current level of productivity will bring greater benefits than public ownership, enterprises will be more dynamic, and the national economy will be fully developed.

China National Petroleum Corporation is a state-owned and large-scale enterprise. It ranks 39th among the XX Fortune 500 and ranks third in the country. Its net profit ranks first in the country for many years. As a comprehensive energy company integrating oil and gas upstream and downstream business, oil and gas field engineering and technical services, petroleum materials and equipment manufacturing and supply, PetroChina has many business fields and is affiliated with large oil fields such as Daqing and Liaohe. The company has a large organizational structure. There are a large number of inefficient units and personnel, so there was a huge resistance when it went public in 1999. In the subsequent reorganization, PetroChina successfully separated the main business from the support service business and realized the horizontal and vertical integration. Horizontally, the oilfields in each region form a regional company, which realizes the independence of the core business of the oilfield and can be effectively combined with other supporting oilfield service projects. Vertically, the upstream and downstream core businesses are divided into four sectors: exploration and production, refining and sales, chemicals and sales, natural gas and pipelines, and the exploration and development research institutes and international companies have been repositioned in the enterprise structure. What it should do.

Figure 1: Structure of China National Petroleum Corporation.

From the above picture, it is not difficult to see that restructuring and restructuring takes place at the grassroots level of the company's structure, that is, within the framework of business processes. The upper level of restructuring is the change of ownership and management. After the business restructuring is completed, the company can innovate on core issues such as ownership. The way to innovate is to go public.

Publicly issuing stocks and listing corporate ownership is a rather complicated process. The middle involves asset evaluation, consulting companies provide consulting, investment banks underwriting stocks and many other professional links. I will not elaborate here. I only explain the following listings. The effect achieved. Through the listing, state-owned enterprises have completed the reform of the ownership system, that is, from the government to the public by virtue of shareholding, and as a public company, the government can also form part of the equity through investment or restructuring strategies to form the so-called state-owned shareholding limited company . At this point, ownership has been separated from administrative power from the legal level, and then the separation of ownership and management rights. Since the management appointment of a joint-stock company is determined by the board of directors, the board of directors is the representative of the interests of shareholders. In order to maximize its own interests, when appointing management, it will naturally put management's role in the company's profitability first. . In this way, the board of directors, with the help of its own interests, appoints the management who can make the greatest contribution to the company's development and profitability, thereby maximizing the public interest and promoting the coordinated development of the interests of the company and the public. In this process, you may think that the government has given up the ownership of the enterprise that should be profitable, and it is a loss. In fact, the government's functions are no longer related to the management of enterprises, but to the establishment of systems and the use of systems to regulate enterprises. The government itself is profiting from taxes and used to benefit the people. The economy has developed, and the people’s wealth will not only be less than the government’s income, but will increase substantially. That is to say, a successful state-owned enterprise restructuring is beneficial to the state and the individual.

As for the way in which internal publicization and external publicization are combined, I have conceived it myself. At present, it is only a prototype, and I have not heard of any enterprise adopting this restructuring method. I will briefly mention it here. In this way, the company's shares are divided into two parts, which are listed inside and outside the company. The stocks listed in the company need to be regulated within the company to make the shares dynamic among the employees based on the position and performance. The organic distribution, the shares listed on the outside are basically the same as the listing model mentioned in the previous paragraph. In order to keep the value of internal tradable shares and external tradable shares basically equal, without causing confusion in transactions, a unique mechanism is needed to link internal stock trading with public stock trading. This mechanism is very complicated, and I have no current A systematic idea to stay in the future thinking.

Fourth, worthy of attention

It is not difficult to see from the above that the restructuring of state-owned enterprises is not a simple process, and there must be many obstacles and problems. Below I will make a brief analysis of the problems that should be noted in some of the reforms mentioned by the interviewees.

The most frequently mentioned problem is the flow of redundant employees in some units after the reorganization of the company. Laid-off is obviously not the best choice, because many employees have been working in the post for many years, although they become employees beyond the preparation, but this does not mean that they do not have professional skills, on the contrary many people are quite professional technical personnel or professional academic talent. If these talents are not used, they will certainly cause losses to the interests of enterprises and even the economy of the country. Therefore, it is very important to make reasonable use of these talents in non-listed support service units. They should try to make their work related to the original work and maximize their value.

Informatization is also crucial for the restructuring of enterprises. From the reorganization of the listing, the impact of informationization on the entire process is ubiquitous. Informatization not only directly improves work efficiency, reduces costs, but also enables business management and employees to think about issues in a globalized network. This is crucial to improving the core competitiveness of the company.

The innovation of corporate culture is also a problem that should be paid attention to. Before the reform, the corporate culture of state-owned enterprises is generally negative, and the interests of enterprises have nothing to do with personal interests. The view of “eat a big pot of rice” is more common. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a new corporate culture. The establishment of corporate culture is the result of countless experiences, and I will not discuss it here.

The core competitiveness of the enterprise in the future is change. The so-called water is not corrupt, and the hub is not awkward. Only when the enterprise can change can it survive and have a vibrant tomorrow!

V. References

1. Research Report on the Reform and Reorganization of State-Owned Enterprises

2. "China's Growth Model Choice" Wu Jinglian, Shanghai Far East Publishing House

3. Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism by Max Weber

4. Introduction to Modern Enterprise System Zhang Xin, Tongji University Press

5. "China's State-owned Enterprises and Financial System Reform" Lin Yifu / Li Zhiwei China Center for Economic Research, Peking University

6. "Several Key Difficulties in the Reform of State-Owned Enterprises" Li Rongrong

7. "Guide to the Company's Listing Practice" Rao Hongbin / Zeng Yan, China Founder Press

Part III: The feelings of this social practice

In the course of Marx's philosophy in the last semester, the teacher arranged this summer social practice survey report, and then went through the final exam, English level 4, military training, and internship to the holiday. The social survey was really started in September. It’s up. Although the opening of the school is imminent, I think that since I want to write this survey report, I must show my unique thinking and ability to understand the problem, and the report must be objective and dependable. Therefore, I read a lot of literature and designed the problem. With the help of my parents, I conducted in-depth and fruitful exchanges with the management and employees of some state-owned enterprises. Their views also have a great impact on the formation of this report. influences. I would like to thank them for using the break time to communicate with me and accurately express their views. My parents have been most helpful to me. They have worked in state-owned enterprises throughout their careers. The companies they have experienced have undergone a series of processes such as restructuring and listing. They have colluded with me to analyze the data, corrected many of my misconceptions, and unanimously opposed it. I stayed up late, my feelings for them could not be expressed in words here. At the same time, I would like to thank the Humanities Institute for organizing this social investigation. For me, I have always been very concerned about the reform of state-owned enterprises. This assignment gave me an opportunity to think deeply, let me systematically sort out my previous ideas and recognize them. Some errors in thinking. At the same time, as a contemporary college student, I believe that caring for the world of the country is of great significance to the formation of a correct outlook on life and the world. In the future, I will continue to delve into some important issues that have not yet been clarified in this investigation report until I have figured out the correct answer. Thinking brings strength and thinking itself is also a force. I hope that I can use my own thinking and actions to better serve the society, explore the truth, and gain my strength for the prosperity and prosperity of the motherland.