Summer volunteer lecturer practice experience

We all know that the Dunhuang Grottoes are in China, but its reputation is far from the world. Its glory was once again known, and it was a legendary discovery in 19XX. The discovery of the Tibetan Buddhist Cave in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes shocked the world and attracted the attention of the world. The rampage, the cultural relics of the Zangjing Cave were ravaged. The result was that the tens of thousands of documents found in the country were scattered and the most sad chapter in the history of Chinese culture. When the Chinese people are shocked, they look back at Xi Gu. Fortunately, its mother body, the Dunhuang Grotto itself, still stands silently in the depths of the desert, leaving behind a large number of exquisite artworks, which has become the longest and existing scale in the world. The largest and most content-rich collection of Buddhist art and culture.

A hundred years of vicissitudes, the re-emergence of the ancient China has been welcomed in the East of the world; and it shows that the people of the country should not forget the national humiliation, revitalize the Chinese, and create new glory.

In order to give the audience a comprehensive understanding of Dunhuang, our exhibition is divided into the following large blocks: 1. The prelude shows the historical and cultural background of Dunhuang 2. The brilliant and brilliant Dunhuang Grotto art 3, the discovery of Dunhuang Tibetan Buddhist Cave 4, Dunhuang Zongjingdong literature display. And our explanation is to lead everyone to fully appreciate these treasures.

1, prologue shows the historical and cultural background of Dunhuang

There may be such a question, why there are so many cultural heritages left in Dunhuang, which will be traced back to history. The answer is: silk road throat, cultural center. Dunhuang is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province. It is surrounded by the south, with the western region, the Mingsha as the ring, the party and the river as the belt, the former Yangguan and then the Yumen, the control of the west and the desert, which is the important town on the ancient Silk Road and the exchange of economic and cultural exchanges between China and the West. The place of distribution is also a famous historical and cultural city. Since the Western Han Dynasty Zhangyetong Western Region, Hanwu Emperor Yuan Ding has been a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural area since the establishment of Dunhuang County in six years. The civilizations of Eurasia and multiple transportation networks meet here, which is a multi-diverse regional culture of China. The important town is also the region with the most frequent and far-reaching interactions between ancient China and the world civilization.

2, brilliant and brilliant Dunhuang Grotto art

Brilliant and splendid Dunhuang grotto art. This is the largest number of exhibits and the most attractive to the audience. The Dunhuang Grottoes, replica caves, Dunhuang Grottoes, and Dunhuang Grottoes are displayed on the plate. There are 6 replica caves: Mogao Grotto 158, Mogao Grotto 249, Mogao Grotto 220, Mogao Grotto 45, Yulin 29, and Mogao Grotto. Copying the caves except the 158 caves are all 1:1 copying, which is what the caves in the real Dunhuang look like, what we are showing here. These replica caves are representative of the Dunhuang Grottoes. Just like the 249 caves that were excavated in the Western Wei Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the most interesting and interesting part of the cave murals is the murals of the four tops. The top of the bucket-shaped cave, the center is decorated with lotus roots, four drapes "picture world, category group"; the upper part is the sky, is the world of gods, is painting the king of Ashura, the former draped painting Mani orb, are typical Buddhism The theme: the right draped and the left draped painting Dongwanggong and Xiwangmu, more embody the fairy ideology; the four drapes in the lower part of the cave are the scenes of the human life on the ground, such as mountain beasts and hunting, which constitute the imaginary space where the gods and the gods live together.

From a cultural point of view, the contents of the murals here blend the Buddha, the Tao and the ancient Chinese mythology. We can see Ashura in Buddhism, Feixian in the Taoism, the Eastern Palace, the Western Queen, and the four gods of rain and thunder in ancient mythology. These fully demonstrate that Buddhism was introduced to China from ancient India and was deeply influenced by our culture. This may be why our Buddhism is very different from Buddhism in Southeast Asia. It is more reflective of this Chineseization. There is also a picture of the center of the two side walls of this grotto. In the picture, we see four flying clouds. Two of them are typical Western-style flying, and they are characterized by naked upper body; In contrast to them, the Central Plains flying in a large-sleeved robes. We all know that it is our influence on traditional Confucianism that produced the Central Plains flying robes. The blending of culture is once again revealed here. Built in the 220th cave of the early Tang Dynasty, it records the clear excavation time, the typical family cave, and the Yu family has been supported for more than 300 years. The special cave in the Mogao Grottoes was built in the 45th cave of the Tang Dynasty. The Buddhas, disciples, bodhisattvas and statues of the heavenly kings, which are very well preserved, are beautiful and vivid. Here you can appreciate what is called Shengshi Tangfeng. Yulin 29 Grottoes, with a strong Western Xia characteristics, walked into her to bring a sense of mystery. Cave 17 of Mogao Grottoes, her other world-famous name, the Tibetan Buddhist Cave. The jewel of the Chinese civilization, the catastrophe of modern China, from this less than ten meters, the combination of shaping and depicting, showing the human body's skin, facial expressions, fluffy hair, and the texture of the costumes. It is the main body of the grotto art, the main idol of worship, and the grotto architecture and painting together constitute a complete grotto art.

Dunhuang Cave Paintings. Mural is an important part of Dunhuang Grotto art, suitable for expressing complex scenes and rich content. The Buddhist temples, the four walls and the tops of the caves are covered with colorful murals, and the colorful sculptures in the main body complement each other and complement each other to form a complete grotto art. The contents of Dunhuang Grottoes can be roughly divided into: Buddhism statues; Bunsen, karma, Buddhism storytelling; Mythical figure painting; Sutra painting; Buddhist historical painting; Donor painting; Decorative pattern. Most of these murals are based on Buddhist classics, ingesting real life as materials, and after the millennium created colorful murals, in a sense, they represent the life of an ancient society for a thousand years, showing a rich culture of a thousand years. With precious value

3, the discovery and hidden history of the Dunhuang Tibetan Buddhist Cave

From the origin of the Tibetan Buddhist Scriptures, the mystery of the Tibetan Buddhist Scriptures, the discovery of the Tibetan Buddhist Caves, the initial dissolution of the Tibetan Buddhist Scriptures, the Stein Dunhuang catastrophe, the Pelliot and the Dunhuang catastrophe, the robbery, and the robbery, The activities of the Japanese Otani Expedition in Dunhuang, the activities of the Russian Oldenburg expedition in Dunhuang, the Warner Dunhuang robbery, and the final display of the collection of Tibetan Buddhist arteries in the world. Every time I talk about it, my heart is filled with indignation, regret and helplessness. The audience's reaction is also very exciting, and again and again, the experience is that it will beat and revitalize China's ambitions. And this is the mission that every of our descendants should bear. The loss of Tibetan cultural relics, we see that an ancient nation was bleeding in the late Qing Dynasty...

4, Dunhuang Zongjingdong literature display

Here is the collection of the classics from the Dunhuang Academy and the collection of the Tianjin Museum. The profoundness of Buddhism is displayed from the scriptures bit by bit.

I still remember my first explanation. I faced so many different audiences, and I couldn’t speak for myself, but with the explanations, the skills became more and more skilled. In the middle, it will bring some laughter to the audience. The biggest comfort every time is to see the audience smile nodding. Every time I give me the biggest encouragement is to explain the applause of the audience when I finish. At that time, no matter how tired I am, my throat hurts. My heart is always satisfied. After the explanation, some problems of the audience not only interacted with the audience, but more importantly, promoted the welcome, and even heard him talk about the development of Chinese culture, which benefited me a lot.

During the summer of XX, the Dunhuang volunteer lecturer brought me a colorful and meaningful holiday.