2012 Senior Three Physics Review Arrangement
The guiding ideology of the senior physics review is to grasp the physical concepts and their interrelationships through physical review, to master the physical laws, formulas and applications, and to summarize the methods and techniques for solving problems, so as to improve the ability to analyze and solve problems.
First, according to the characteristics of the physics discipline, the physical review is divided into three stages:
The first stage:
The unit review exercises are carried out in units of chapters and festivals. The time is about six months from the first semester of the third year to the middle of the third semester. It is about six months from the first year of September to the beginning of the second year. This stage is mainly for each The analysis, induction and review of unit knowledge points and related knowledge points focus on the basic concepts and their mutual relations, the basic laws and their application. Therefore, in this stage, students are required to grasp the basic concepts, basic laws and basic problem solving methods. With tips.
second stage:
Perform a small comprehensive review exercise according to the knowledge block. It takes about two months from March to April of the second year. This stage is mainly for small comprehensive review of several branches in physics. The focus of review is on this knowledge block. Internal analysis and understanding of the basic concepts and their mutual relations, the basic laws are used in small comprehensive. Therefore, at this stage, students are required to correctly analyze the basic concepts and their interrelationships in each knowledge, summarize the problem-solving methods and techniques of comprehensive problems in a small scope, and initially cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems.
The third phase:
Conduct a comprehensive comprehensive review exercise from May to June of the second year. This stage is mainly for the comprehensive review exercise of knowledge points between the various knowledge points of the physics discipline and between the disciplines of science, chemistry and biology. The focus of the review is The analysis of important concepts and mutual relations, and the application of important laws, therefore, in this stage, students are required to further summarize the methods and techniques of solving problems, and cultivate the ability to analyze and solve comprehensive and complex problems.
II. Review Method After formulating the review plan, it is necessary to select a scientific review method suitable for the specific situation of the person, and to determine different review methods according to different review stages:
The first stage:
When reviewing chapters or related chapters, students are first asked to analyze and summarize the knowledge structure network of the unit, and further enrich, complete, and systematize under the guidance of the teacher. Secondly, it is necessary to analyze the basic concepts of the unit and their mutual relations, analyze and summarize the typical problems and analysis methods of this unit, and focus on the problem solving methods and techniques, and then carry out targeted exercises on the knowledge points of this chapter. However, the practice questions should not be too much. The exercises should be selected, and the sea tactics should not be solved. Finally, a targeted analysis and summary should be made according to the problems in the exercises and exams.
second stage:
At this stage, according to the characteristics of each knowledge block, the relevant content can be divided into several topics, and the topic review can be carried out, focusing on the practice of thinking methods and problem-solving skills.
The third phase:
This stage is mainly a large synthesis of practice knowledge, an analysis method for more complex problems, and the whole physics knowledge is divided into several important major topics, focusing on the application of some important laws, or some important problem-solving methods. Such as: kinetic energy theorem and its application in problem solving, analysis method of variable force work, analysis method of extreme value problem, analysis method of critical problem, hypothesis solving skill and so on.
At this stage, we must emphasize the ability of students to think and analyze problems. The specific methods include a multi-solution, a multi-question, and a multi-question solution. At this stage, a large-scale comprehensive simulation test is required. The test requirements are close to the college entrance examination or meet the requirements of the college entrance examination on the difficulty and coverage. .
Third, deal with several relations in the college entrance examination physics general review to deal with the following relationships:
The relationship between "examination" and "teaching" is "examination", which is the "examination description", which is the program for the college entrance examination review; and the "teaching" is the "syllabus", which is the program of physics teaching in middle school. There are also differences in places. In the general review of the college entrance examination, the "examination" should prevail.
The relationship between textbooks and review materials At present, there are many review materials for college entrance examinations, which often cause you to replace the textbooks with review materials. This is a big mistake and will directly affect the review effect. Therefore, when reviewing the preparation, you should Textbook-based, give full play to the leading role of textbooks, and choose review materials that are suitable for my specific situation, which will help improve the review effect.
The relationship between point and face should not only grasp the important knowledge points of the subject in the college entrance examination review, but also review all the necessary knowledge points in a comprehensive, systematic and complete way, so as to focus on and cover a wide range. Only by doing so can the effect of review be achieved.
The relationship between foundation and ability In the general review of the college entrance examination, we must deal with the relationship with ability. In the first stage of the review process, the focus is on reviewing the basic concepts, basic laws and their application, basic problem solving methods and techniques. Only under the premise of laying a good foundation can we gradually improve our ability to analyze and solve problems. If we ignore basic knowledge and do special problems and strange problems, we will not achieve the purpose of cultivating ability.
Fourth, several abilities to be cultivated to strengthen the practice of information transfer, improve reading ability, comprehension ability and ability to analyze problems.
Information migration problems are generally given a piece of text or picture information, asking to read or solve some physical problems by reading the information. The information migration problem focuses on students' on-the-spot reading, extracting information and processing, processing, and flexible sports basic knowledge. The ability to analyze and solve problems, such as: giving textual information and pictures about the maglev train, asking students to answer and analyze questions about the maglev train by reading the materials.
Strengthen the practice of applying scientific and technological problems and improve the ability to use physical knowledge to analyze and solve practical problems.
The application of science and technology is generally the use of physical science knowledge, principles and methods to solve practical problems in life and production science and technology, such as: using physical science and technology principles to analyze and solve the "South-to-North Water Transfer" and "West-East Power Transmission" implemented in China. Relevant issues in several major projects of “West-East Gas Transmission”.
Strengthen experimental skills exercises and improve experimental skills.
Physics is an experiment-based discipline. The practice of physics experiment skills is an important part of the physical examination of the college entrance examination. You can improve your experimental skills through the following exercises:
1. Practice physical experiments on basic instruments should be completed by various basic instruments. Therefore, only by mastering the construction principles, usage methods and matters needing attention of various basic instruments can various experiments be performed and experimental skills improved.
Such as: to grasp the various principles of electric meters, vernier calipers, spiral micrometers, spring scales, etc., methods of use and matters needing attention.
2, pay attention to the actual operation of the practice of experimental experiments in the physical experiment skills is an important experimental skills, strengthen this practice, help to improve experimental skills.
3. Strengthening the practice of physical experiment ideas, principles, methods and techniques Physical experiment thinking, principles, methods and techniques are the core of measuring students' experimental ability, such as the control method of experimental conditions and experimental error in voltammetric resistance test. The control method, the abandonment of individual points when drawing, the "curve straight" of the graph, etc., can only improve the experimental ability by strengthening the practice in this aspect.
4. Strengthening the practice of design experiments, cultivating students' innovative thinking ability and experimental ability physical design experiment, is to require students to design the experimental principles, methods and steps according to the experimental instruments given, and finally draw the experimental conclusions: Or only give experimental subjects, students choose their own instruments, design their own experimental principles, methods and steps to draw experimental conclusions, which requires students to have strong creative thinking ability and comprehensive analytical skills and experimental skills and skills.
For example, in the electrical experiment, it is required to measure the electromotive force and internal resistance of the power supply, and design the own program and experiment with the optional equipment to see who designed the solution and which plan is the best? Through such exercises, you can cultivate innovative thinking skills and experimental skills.
Strengthening innovative thinking exercises and improving innovative thinking skills. Innovative thinking questions are in recent years, the college entrance examination physics test questions or the science comprehensive ability test questions examine whether students can seek unique and novel, and have social value thinking methods to solve problems without precedent. Ability, most of these questions are open practical questions. The main components of innovative thinking are divergent thinking and concentrated thinking. The so-called divergent thinking is a kind of thinking that seeks as many diverse answers as possible without routineness. It has the characteristics of fluency, flexibility and originality. Concentrated thinking is based on existing information and various ideas. The direction of the solution is to find the best solution and the result of the thinking process, the divergent thinking is mainly to find the various possibilities of solving the problem, and the concentrated thinking chooses and compares the optimal solution among these possible ways. The two are related to each other and are indispensable.
1. The analogy derivation method laterally analogizes the known or newly given principles, knowledge or methods into similar new situations to solve new problems or derive new knowledge, that is, known analogy, and the key is to find a good horizontal The "reference point" of the analog migration.
2. Some problems in physics in reverse thinking are inconvenient to analyze according to conventional positive thinking. At this time, the direction of thinking can be changed. From positive thinking to reverse thinking, the problem can be solved. For example, the reversible principle of optical path in optics When the deceleration motion is reversed, it becomes a uniform acceleration motion.
3, the equivalent thinking method physics, sometimes direct analysis is difficult, at this time, the same effect of the model can be used for equivalent substitution, so that the problem is easy to analyze and solve, such as: flat throw motion can be decomposed into horizontal Uniform linear motion and free fall motion in the vertical direction, force decomposition and synthesis.
Strengthening the practice of infiltration of disciplines and improving the ability of comprehensive analytical problems. Physical science has close ties with chemistry, biology, geography, etc., such as: between thermal and chemical, between optics and biology, between celestial movement and geography. Strong links, as well as issues such as "South-to-North Water Transfer", "West-East Power Transmission", "West-East Gas Transmission", "Qinghai-Tibet Railway" and "Depleted Uranium Bomb" are all problems of comprehensive penetration of physics and other disciplines. Improve the ability to analyze problems comprehensively.
In short, in the physics review of the college entrance examination, strengthening the exercises in the above aspects can cultivate innovative thinking ability and improve the ability to analyze and solve problems.
First, according to the characteristics of the physics discipline, the physical review is divided into three stages:
The first stage:
The unit review exercises are carried out in units of chapters and festivals. The time is about six months from the first semester of the third year to the middle of the third semester. It is about six months from the first year of September to the beginning of the second year. This stage is mainly for each The analysis, induction and review of unit knowledge points and related knowledge points focus on the basic concepts and their mutual relations, the basic laws and their application. Therefore, in this stage, students are required to grasp the basic concepts, basic laws and basic problem solving methods. With tips.
second stage:
Perform a small comprehensive review exercise according to the knowledge block. It takes about two months from March to April of the second year. This stage is mainly for small comprehensive review of several branches in physics. The focus of review is on this knowledge block. Internal analysis and understanding of the basic concepts and their mutual relations, the basic laws are used in small comprehensive. Therefore, at this stage, students are required to correctly analyze the basic concepts and their interrelationships in each knowledge, summarize the problem-solving methods and techniques of comprehensive problems in a small scope, and initially cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems.
The third phase:
Conduct a comprehensive comprehensive review exercise from May to June of the second year. This stage is mainly for the comprehensive review exercise of knowledge points between the various knowledge points of the physics discipline and between the disciplines of science, chemistry and biology. The focus of the review is The analysis of important concepts and mutual relations, and the application of important laws, therefore, in this stage, students are required to further summarize the methods and techniques of solving problems, and cultivate the ability to analyze and solve comprehensive and complex problems.
II. Review Method After formulating the review plan, it is necessary to select a scientific review method suitable for the specific situation of the person, and to determine different review methods according to different review stages:
The first stage:
When reviewing chapters or related chapters, students are first asked to analyze and summarize the knowledge structure network of the unit, and further enrich, complete, and systematize under the guidance of the teacher. Secondly, it is necessary to analyze the basic concepts of the unit and their mutual relations, analyze and summarize the typical problems and analysis methods of this unit, and focus on the problem solving methods and techniques, and then carry out targeted exercises on the knowledge points of this chapter. However, the practice questions should not be too much. The exercises should be selected, and the sea tactics should not be solved. Finally, a targeted analysis and summary should be made according to the problems in the exercises and exams.
second stage:
At this stage, according to the characteristics of each knowledge block, the relevant content can be divided into several topics, and the topic review can be carried out, focusing on the practice of thinking methods and problem-solving skills.
The third phase:
This stage is mainly a large synthesis of practice knowledge, an analysis method for more complex problems, and the whole physics knowledge is divided into several important major topics, focusing on the application of some important laws, or some important problem-solving methods. Such as: kinetic energy theorem and its application in problem solving, analysis method of variable force work, analysis method of extreme value problem, analysis method of critical problem, hypothesis solving skill and so on.
At this stage, we must emphasize the ability of students to think and analyze problems. The specific methods include a multi-solution, a multi-question, and a multi-question solution. At this stage, a large-scale comprehensive simulation test is required. The test requirements are close to the college entrance examination or meet the requirements of the college entrance examination on the difficulty and coverage. .
Third, deal with several relations in the college entrance examination physics general review to deal with the following relationships:
The relationship between "examination" and "teaching" is "examination", which is the "examination description", which is the program for the college entrance examination review; and the "teaching" is the "syllabus", which is the program of physics teaching in middle school. There are also differences in places. In the general review of the college entrance examination, the "examination" should prevail.
The relationship between textbooks and review materials At present, there are many review materials for college entrance examinations, which often cause you to replace the textbooks with review materials. This is a big mistake and will directly affect the review effect. Therefore, when reviewing the preparation, you should Textbook-based, give full play to the leading role of textbooks, and choose review materials that are suitable for my specific situation, which will help improve the review effect.
The relationship between point and face should not only grasp the important knowledge points of the subject in the college entrance examination review, but also review all the necessary knowledge points in a comprehensive, systematic and complete way, so as to focus on and cover a wide range. Only by doing so can the effect of review be achieved.
The relationship between foundation and ability In the general review of the college entrance examination, we must deal with the relationship with ability. In the first stage of the review process, the focus is on reviewing the basic concepts, basic laws and their application, basic problem solving methods and techniques. Only under the premise of laying a good foundation can we gradually improve our ability to analyze and solve problems. If we ignore basic knowledge and do special problems and strange problems, we will not achieve the purpose of cultivating ability.
Fourth, several abilities to be cultivated to strengthen the practice of information transfer, improve reading ability, comprehension ability and ability to analyze problems.
Information migration problems are generally given a piece of text or picture information, asking to read or solve some physical problems by reading the information. The information migration problem focuses on students' on-the-spot reading, extracting information and processing, processing, and flexible sports basic knowledge. The ability to analyze and solve problems, such as: giving textual information and pictures about the maglev train, asking students to answer and analyze questions about the maglev train by reading the materials.
Strengthen the practice of applying scientific and technological problems and improve the ability to use physical knowledge to analyze and solve practical problems.
The application of science and technology is generally the use of physical science knowledge, principles and methods to solve practical problems in life and production science and technology, such as: using physical science and technology principles to analyze and solve the "South-to-North Water Transfer" and "West-East Power Transmission" implemented in China. Relevant issues in several major projects of “West-East Gas Transmission”.
Strengthen experimental skills exercises and improve experimental skills.
Physics is an experiment-based discipline. The practice of physics experiment skills is an important part of the physical examination of the college entrance examination. You can improve your experimental skills through the following exercises:
1. Practice physical experiments on basic instruments should be completed by various basic instruments. Therefore, only by mastering the construction principles, usage methods and matters needing attention of various basic instruments can various experiments be performed and experimental skills improved.
Such as: to grasp the various principles of electric meters, vernier calipers, spiral micrometers, spring scales, etc., methods of use and matters needing attention.
2, pay attention to the actual operation of the practice of experimental experiments in the physical experiment skills is an important experimental skills, strengthen this practice, help to improve experimental skills.
3. Strengthening the practice of physical experiment ideas, principles, methods and techniques Physical experiment thinking, principles, methods and techniques are the core of measuring students' experimental ability, such as the control method of experimental conditions and experimental error in voltammetric resistance test. The control method, the abandonment of individual points when drawing, the "curve straight" of the graph, etc., can only improve the experimental ability by strengthening the practice in this aspect.
4. Strengthening the practice of design experiments, cultivating students' innovative thinking ability and experimental ability physical design experiment, is to require students to design the experimental principles, methods and steps according to the experimental instruments given, and finally draw the experimental conclusions: Or only give experimental subjects, students choose their own instruments, design their own experimental principles, methods and steps to draw experimental conclusions, which requires students to have strong creative thinking ability and comprehensive analytical skills and experimental skills and skills.
For example, in the electrical experiment, it is required to measure the electromotive force and internal resistance of the power supply, and design the own program and experiment with the optional equipment to see who designed the solution and which plan is the best? Through such exercises, you can cultivate innovative thinking skills and experimental skills.
Strengthening innovative thinking exercises and improving innovative thinking skills. Innovative thinking questions are in recent years, the college entrance examination physics test questions or the science comprehensive ability test questions examine whether students can seek unique and novel, and have social value thinking methods to solve problems without precedent. Ability, most of these questions are open practical questions. The main components of innovative thinking are divergent thinking and concentrated thinking. The so-called divergent thinking is a kind of thinking that seeks as many diverse answers as possible without routineness. It has the characteristics of fluency, flexibility and originality. Concentrated thinking is based on existing information and various ideas. The direction of the solution is to find the best solution and the result of the thinking process, the divergent thinking is mainly to find the various possibilities of solving the problem, and the concentrated thinking chooses and compares the optimal solution among these possible ways. The two are related to each other and are indispensable.
1. The analogy derivation method laterally analogizes the known or newly given principles, knowledge or methods into similar new situations to solve new problems or derive new knowledge, that is, known analogy, and the key is to find a good horizontal The "reference point" of the analog migration.
2. Some problems in physics in reverse thinking are inconvenient to analyze according to conventional positive thinking. At this time, the direction of thinking can be changed. From positive thinking to reverse thinking, the problem can be solved. For example, the reversible principle of optical path in optics When the deceleration motion is reversed, it becomes a uniform acceleration motion.
3, the equivalent thinking method physics, sometimes direct analysis is difficult, at this time, the same effect of the model can be used for equivalent substitution, so that the problem is easy to analyze and solve, such as: flat throw motion can be decomposed into horizontal Uniform linear motion and free fall motion in the vertical direction, force decomposition and synthesis.
Strengthening the practice of infiltration of disciplines and improving the ability of comprehensive analytical problems. Physical science has close ties with chemistry, biology, geography, etc., such as: between thermal and chemical, between optics and biology, between celestial movement and geography. Strong links, as well as issues such as "South-to-North Water Transfer", "West-East Power Transmission", "West-East Gas Transmission", "Qinghai-Tibet Railway" and "Depleted Uranium Bomb" are all problems of comprehensive penetration of physics and other disciplines. Improve the ability to analyze problems comprehensively.
In short, in the physics review of the college entrance examination, strengthening the exercises in the above aspects can cultivate innovative thinking ability and improve the ability to analyze and solve problems.
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