Engineering Geology Internship Report

1. Internship profile:
In October 2019, our civil engineering major conducted engineering geology internship. Engineering geology internship is a very important practical part of the whole engineering geology teaching, enabling students to pass the field theory of basic geological phenomena through the study of curriculum theory knowledge. Investigate and practice on the spot, gain perceptual knowledge and consolidate and deepen the curriculum theory, combine theory with practice, and lay a certain foundation for the application of relevant geological data in the design and construction after graduation.

2 Internship purpose

Understand the basic address concepts, understand the basics, and learn the basic skills. Through a brief field address internship, consolidate the content of the "Engineering Geology" that has been studied, and deepen the understanding of the relevant content of the course; in addition, through the internship to cultivate the love of nature, cultivate the sentiment, and improve the interest in the science of address: at the same time fully realize The importance of geological practice to geological science. At the same time, cultivate students' hard work, hard work, discipline, solidarity and other good qualities and enhance the collective concept, master the field operation skills and the ability to write internship reports, sum up the connection between the internship and our major.

3 Internship content:

Changle Crater

The Changle crater, 18 million years ago, is the Cenozoic Tertiary basalt crater. The crater is conical, the stone is reddish-brown, and the momentum is extremely spectacular. Tens of thousands of hexagonal stone columns, from the bottom of the mountain to the top of the mountain, are inserted into the sky.

This crater is a basalt plug filled in a volcanic cylinder. After more than 2 million years of long-term weathering and erosion, it is stripped out of the ground. The columnar joints of the rock bolt develop and radiate, converge upwards and spread downwards, vividly recording the time. The natural landscape of the volcanic eruption shows the magic of nature. According to the research of the Institute of Geology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the crater is the volcanic crater of the Tertiary basalt, dating back more than 18 million years. Its discovery has a great reference value for geophysical and seismic science research. One-color red-brown prismatic stone, pointing to the heavens, all of them reveal obvious eruption texture, which indicates that it is caused by volcanic eruptions. Dozens of hills in nearly 100 square kilometers constitute a magnificent ancient volcanic group. .

Shandong Shanwang National Geological Park

Shandong Shanwang National Geological Park is located about 22 kilometers east of Linyi County, Shandong Province, with an area of ​​about 13 square kilometers. The Geopark is located in the Linyi sag in the Luzhong uplift. The park is composed of two sub-small basins, namely the Jiejiahe Basin and the Baojiahe Basin. The periphery is surrounded by basalt hills and the terrain is undulating. Larger. For seasonal rivers. The Geopark features the world-famous Sanwang ancient fossils and volcanic landscapes that reflect its formation.

The park is rich in various geological relics. The first is the 18th century Mesozoic sedimentary rock formation in the Middle Miocene. The sedimentary thickness is about 25 meters. It has a standard layer profile and has become an international Miocene organism. An important basis for building a hierarchy. Because the layer is as thin as paper, it is slightly weathered, that is, the layers are lifted up, just like a book page, which is likened to the "Wan Juan Book" by the ancients. A large number of fossils of paleontology are contained in it. In particular, the location of the layered section of the Shanwang Formation is composed of the early Niushan Formation basalt, the Tertiary Miocene lacustrine sedimentary rocks, the Quaternary loess and the late volcanic rock immersion. Second, various volcanic geological phenomena such as ancient volcanic cones and lava flow characteristics formed by volcanism during the Cenozoic period, such as Huangshan, Lushan, Momashan and Lingshan, are typical ancient craters, so they are also studying the Cenozoic volcanic rocks. The ideal place. In particular, the rubbing Mashan basalt columnar joints, the diameter is nearly 80cm, the scale is grand, and the momentum is spectacular. On the west side of the Lushan Mountain, the volcanic action formed a high platform, which formed a natural landscape after long-term weathering and erosion. People called it "stone building".

The fossils in the Shanwang Formation are formed during the Tertiary Miocene period of 18 million years ago. There are more than 700 species of animal and plant fossils that have been discovered so far, most of which are extinct species. Plant fossils include fungi, diatoms, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms and algae. Animal fossils include insects, fish, amphibians, crawling, birds and mammals. In particular, the discovery of bird fossils such as Shanwang Shandong Bird and Qilutai Mountain Bird has filled the gap in the Miocene period. Shanwang has become one of the rich fossils of bird fossils in China. It is also the world's most famous deer fossils and the best preserved. Fossil origin. The newly discovered rhinoceros fossil with embryos is the only one in the world and caused a sensation in the international academic community. Plant fossils have the most branches and leaves, and flowers, fruits and seeds are also preserved perfectly.

The Shanwang paleontological fossils are mainly preserved in the diatomaceous soil layer of the Miocene Shanwang Formation. The variety and preservation of the species are rare in the world. At present, there are more than a dozen fossils in more than a dozen categories. Animal fossils include insects, fish, spiders, amphibians, crawling, birds, and mammals. Insect fossil veins are clear, preserved intact, and some retain brilliant colors. There are 11 orders, 46 families, 100 genera and 182 species. Shanwang Bird Fossil is the most abundant source of fossils found in China so far. The triangular ancient deer fossils and the oriental ancestral bear fossils are the most intact specimens of the fossils in the Miocene world. Plant fossils include mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms, and algae. In addition to 100 species of algae, other plants have 143 species, 98 genera and 46 families. They have an important position in the world in the study of paleoecology, paleoclimate, animal and plant evolution. It has been praised by Chinese and foreign experts as a "comprehensive laboratory" for the study of Miocene.

Shandong Underground Grand Canyon

The high gorge is deep and sorrowful. The waterfall flows into the spring, splashing jade beads. Talented fantasy, gestation in mega-years. Drifting in the dark river, thrilling. Rail slides, aggression. Jiangbei cave, the charm.

Located in the south of Lishui County, 8 km southwest of Longgang Mountain, Shandong Underground Grand Canyon is a unique cave kingdom with a length of 6,100 meters. It is the first longest cave in Jiangbei and one of the most famous caves in China. The cave extends along the direction of 290-320 degrees and is formed by a huge karst fissure running northwest/southeast, which is formed from about 65 million years to 230 million years ago.

Features:

The majestic and magnificent, the canyon is nearly 100 meters deep, the two walls are cut, the width is more than 100 meters, and the narrow place can only accommodate the concrete and the underground and the Three Gorges. There are more than 100 landscapes in the cave, such as the river, Jiuquan, Jiugong, Twelve Waterfalls and Twelve Gorges, which constitute a magnificent picture of the magnificent caves in the cave. It is amazing.

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