Surveying and Mapping Engineering Internship Report
Surveying and Mapping Engineering Internship Report---Digital Mapping
I. Internship arrangements
1.1 Nature Objective Graduation Internship is a comprehensive production skill exercise internship after we complete all the courses and internships, experiments and curriculum design as stipulated in the school. Its purpose is to consolidate and apply all the knowledge acquired, especially the theoretical knowledge and curriculum practice of the surveying and mapping profession. Through participating in practical work, understand and master the basic knowledge of the major, and exercise the practical ability to analyze and solve problems.
1.2 Internship Unit Nanyang--Surveying and Mapping Co., Ltd. Nanyang--Surveying and Mapping Company is located in South Industrial Road, Nanyang City. It was established in 2005 with a registered capital of 1 million yuan and an annual output value of 1.5 million yuan. It is one of the only two companies in Nanyang City that have Grade B surveying and mapping qualifications. It mainly undertakes surveying and mapping tasks such as landform surveying and mapping, land and technology, land and resources information, land evaluation, registration agency, real estate, planning and design in Nanyang District. At the same time, the company is also the agent of Japan Pentax Henan, Soka special dealer, Topconcon dealer, Kelida South Henan agent.
1.3 Internship location
The internship location is located in Qiaotou Town, Sheyang, Nanyang, Henan. Qiaotou Town is a major town in the western part of Sheqi County. It is located at the junction of Sheqi, Wancheng and Fangcheng counties. It administers 16 administrative villages, 103 natural villages, 232 villager groups, 43,500 people, 83,800 mu of cultivated land, and the south stationed on the highway. The main channel of the Yahe River runs through the whole area, with convenient transportation, sufficient water supply and abundant products. It is a high-quality cotton producing area in China.
1.4 Project Introduction This internship project is a 1:2000 topographic mapping task of Sheqi Qiaotou Town undertaken by Nanyang--Surveying and Mapping Company. The measured area is about 20 square kilometers, and more than 10 people use the total station automatic tracking measurement mode, and the measurement is completed within 20 days.
1.5 Internship Arrangement I arrived at the internship company on March 1, 2006. When I went to the test area, the control points had been laid, and the area of the survey was nearly 1/3. In the internship company I participated in the remaining mapping tasks.
Second, the internship process
2.1 Preface of internship In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, digital mapping has high accuracy and rapid data collection. The use and maintenance of products are convenient, fast and efficient. It is widely used in surveying and mapping production and land management. , urban planning and other departments, and accepted by the majority of users. It can more easily transmit, process and share digital information, and output the special information required by the user by controlling the graphic layer data, that is, the digital topographic map, which has a positive impact on the geographic information in the information age.
2.2 Working principle The main operation process of digital mapping is divided into three steps: data acquisition, data processing and topographic data output.
The digital operation flow chart is as follows:
The method used in the survey in the internship is the ground digital mapping, using the total station for field digital collection, and using the southern software for data processing on the internal computer.
2.3 Surveying software In this operation, Southern CASS5.0 software is used for internal processing. Southern CASS5.0 is developed based on AUTO CAD platform, all functions of AUTO CAD can be used, and AUTO CAD is the world. The editing function of the recognized drawing platform is obvious to all. It provides three modes of operation: electronic tablet mode, digital image of original image and integration of internal and external industry. Based on CAD, many functions have been developed, such as measuring fixed points, graphic copying, and drawing multi-functional composite lines. In addition, cadastral table drawing and drawing management functions are provided.
2.4 operation process
2.4.1 Operation Introduction Field digital mapping is the most widely used digital mapping method in China. It uses the total station to automatically track the measurement mode, and the station sets up the automatic tracking type total station to select the Japanese Topcon measurement. instrument.
2.4.2 Operation Process We also use the field sketch + indoor interactive editing to complete the mapping work in the mapping. In the process of surveying and mapping, we divided three topographic mapping teams, each of which consisted of 3-4 people. One person observed and recorded and coded on the total station. The two men took the ruler and plotted in the industry.
In the coding method of the point number, we have a coding method for one measurement area. According to the position of the control point and the actual daily workload, the sketch is manually drawn in the field, and the sketch is marked on the sketch, and the point number is exchanged with the station every 10 points to prevent errors. After completing the numbering of each point in the field, you can return to the indoors and display the points transmitted to the computer on the computer screen in the form of display code, and then supplement these points according to the route that the ruler himself has traveled. The number code makes it easier to wire these points. Or by programming the coded boot file to achieve automatic connection. When the work is completed, the maps are taken to the field to measure the various materials that have not been measured on the ground, and then interactively compiled on the computer to obtain the final topographic map.
2.4.3 Precautions
2.4.3.1 The above method is used for the main points of the ruler. The requirements for the observation and the staff of the ruler are relatively high. The first cooperation should be tacit understanding. This is done. The next point should be measured by the mind. The requirements for the input digits and letters of the observers are relatively high, and should generally be completed within 10 seconds. The second division staff is responsible for the indoor drawing work, and is the main personnel in the mapping process. Therefore, it is necessary to know the comprehensive selection of the ground objects, and the line of the running rule should be determined before the running rule to avoid walking. road.
Using such a measurement method requires time and speed. All that is needed on the station is the process of coding and aligning, and the only thing the staff needs to do is to encode and arrange the prism through the intercom. The current total station measures a coordinate, which is basically within 1 second, and some even reach a point of 0.3 seconds. Affected by walking and other reasons, the geodetic object is about 30 seconds at a point and the landform is within 1 minute. It can be said that the main time is from one point to another, and in such a short time, the sketching personnel Basically, I can't keep up with this idea and speed. About 600 to 900 points per day can be measured by my daily measurement hour. Moreover, the success rate of the connection is above 95%.
2.4.3.2 Key points
In the process of measurement, the selection and measurement of the broken points are very important, and the measuring points are too dense, resulting in dense mapping, which is not necessary; the measuring points are too small, and the basic elements of the terrain are not grasped, so for the broken points Be sure to pay attention to the following points.
1. The building can be compared with three points. The fourth point can be done by computer. Many buildings in the south look more square. In fact, it is an irregular polygon, and all the measured points are needed.
2. Irregular landforms should try to measure more points, because some small changes in traditional mapping can be done by hand, but the computer simulation can not reflect the actual terrain.
3. For tiles that are drawn in the order specified in the program, such as bridges, billboards, etc., it is best to measure them in order.
2.4.3.2 Other matters
1. All instruments and equipment to be used must be certified by a qualified department.
2. The division of the mapping unit should be based on natural boundaries, such as rivers, roads, etc., to facilitate the application of topographic maps, and also reduce the problem of edge joints.
3. The points that can be measured are measured as much as possible, and the steel ruler is avoided as much as possible. Because the speed measured by the total station is far less than the measurement of the tape measure, and the accuracy is higher.
4. In the field data collection, if the cooperation is not tacit, and the information is not transmitted by the station, the person who runs the prism should report the information of the terrain and material information to be collected to the station personnel in time to ensure that The authenticity of the data record.
5. Since many of the work of digital mapping is done on a computer, how to strengthen the inspection is solved by each unit. In particular, when the test area is far from the domestic location, certain measures must be taken.
6. Try to collect data in the visual atmosphere of the station. When it is in poor visibility or when you need to observe by lifting the pole, then point to the nearby station to collect data to avoid the pole from deviating from the terrain. Human error caused by the point.
7. When collecting data in the field, we must pay attention to the changes in the landforms on the ground, record as much as possible, and do not bring the doubts back to the internal industry.
Third, the internship experience
Graduation internship is a big exercise that is about to leave the campus and go to the society. It combines the four years of professional study at the university and is a comprehensive application of knowledge. In the short time of Nanyang 3D Surveying and Mapping Co., Ltd., I gained a lot.
First of all, through the graduation survey internship, I learned a lot, such as more proficient in the operation of the instrument, strengthened the understanding and mastery of the knowledge learned, and greatly improved the ability to do hands and brain. The book has a glimpse of the end, knowing that this matter is going to take place. In the internship, the face is a real task, not to push the committee and escape, the fieldwork does not give you the time to go back to the book, everything must be resolved on the spot. Therefore, this makes me deeply understand the importance of theoretical knowledge. During the rest of the school, I have to calmly review and review the theoretical knowledge I have learned, so that there is a gap in the chest and it is clear at a glance. To lay a solid foundation for the actual work in the future.
Second, it expands the ability to communicate and cooperate with others. I am deeply impressed by the successful completion of a measurement work. It is not enough to rely solely on the strength and concept of a person. Only the cooperation and solidarity of the group can be fast and efficient. Therefore, in the future work, while constantly strengthening the business ability, we must learn to get along with our peers, learn to be tolerant, and learn to endure.
Again, through the internship, I also realized the importance of humility. In the work, the companions only have secondary school or middle school education. They are not highly educated. They are often lacking in theoretical knowledge, but their rich experience is a valuable asset. This kind of wealth is not learned in the textbook. Arrived. Therefore, in the future work, it is necessary to learn from the surveying and mapping staff who work in the front line all the year round. Openly ask for advice, study hard, and adhere to the combination of theory and practice, so that you can become a qualified engineering staff faster.
I. Internship arrangements
1.1 Nature Objective Graduation Internship is a comprehensive production skill exercise internship after we complete all the courses and internships, experiments and curriculum design as stipulated in the school. Its purpose is to consolidate and apply all the knowledge acquired, especially the theoretical knowledge and curriculum practice of the surveying and mapping profession. Through participating in practical work, understand and master the basic knowledge of the major, and exercise the practical ability to analyze and solve problems.
1.2 Internship Unit Nanyang--Surveying and Mapping Co., Ltd. Nanyang--Surveying and Mapping Company is located in South Industrial Road, Nanyang City. It was established in 2005 with a registered capital of 1 million yuan and an annual output value of 1.5 million yuan. It is one of the only two companies in Nanyang City that have Grade B surveying and mapping qualifications. It mainly undertakes surveying and mapping tasks such as landform surveying and mapping, land and technology, land and resources information, land evaluation, registration agency, real estate, planning and design in Nanyang District. At the same time, the company is also the agent of Japan Pentax Henan, Soka special dealer, Topconcon dealer, Kelida South Henan agent.
1.3 Internship location
The internship location is located in Qiaotou Town, Sheyang, Nanyang, Henan. Qiaotou Town is a major town in the western part of Sheqi County. It is located at the junction of Sheqi, Wancheng and Fangcheng counties. It administers 16 administrative villages, 103 natural villages, 232 villager groups, 43,500 people, 83,800 mu of cultivated land, and the south stationed on the highway. The main channel of the Yahe River runs through the whole area, with convenient transportation, sufficient water supply and abundant products. It is a high-quality cotton producing area in China.
1.4 Project Introduction This internship project is a 1:2000 topographic mapping task of Sheqi Qiaotou Town undertaken by Nanyang--Surveying and Mapping Company. The measured area is about 20 square kilometers, and more than 10 people use the total station automatic tracking measurement mode, and the measurement is completed within 20 days.
1.5 Internship Arrangement I arrived at the internship company on March 1, 2006. When I went to the test area, the control points had been laid, and the area of the survey was nearly 1/3. In the internship company I participated in the remaining mapping tasks.
Second, the internship process
2.1 Preface of internship In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, digital mapping has high accuracy and rapid data collection. The use and maintenance of products are convenient, fast and efficient. It is widely used in surveying and mapping production and land management. , urban planning and other departments, and accepted by the majority of users. It can more easily transmit, process and share digital information, and output the special information required by the user by controlling the graphic layer data, that is, the digital topographic map, which has a positive impact on the geographic information in the information age.
2.2 Working principle The main operation process of digital mapping is divided into three steps: data acquisition, data processing and topographic data output.
The digital operation flow chart is as follows:
The method used in the survey in the internship is the ground digital mapping, using the total station for field digital collection, and using the southern software for data processing on the internal computer.
2.3 Surveying software In this operation, Southern CASS5.0 software is used for internal processing. Southern CASS5.0 is developed based on AUTO CAD platform, all functions of AUTO CAD can be used, and AUTO CAD is the world. The editing function of the recognized drawing platform is obvious to all. It provides three modes of operation: electronic tablet mode, digital image of original image and integration of internal and external industry. Based on CAD, many functions have been developed, such as measuring fixed points, graphic copying, and drawing multi-functional composite lines. In addition, cadastral table drawing and drawing management functions are provided.
2.4 operation process
2.4.1 Operation Introduction Field digital mapping is the most widely used digital mapping method in China. It uses the total station to automatically track the measurement mode, and the station sets up the automatic tracking type total station to select the Japanese Topcon measurement. instrument.
2.4.2 Operation Process We also use the field sketch + indoor interactive editing to complete the mapping work in the mapping. In the process of surveying and mapping, we divided three topographic mapping teams, each of which consisted of 3-4 people. One person observed and recorded and coded on the total station. The two men took the ruler and plotted in the industry.
In the coding method of the point number, we have a coding method for one measurement area. According to the position of the control point and the actual daily workload, the sketch is manually drawn in the field, and the sketch is marked on the sketch, and the point number is exchanged with the station every 10 points to prevent errors. After completing the numbering of each point in the field, you can return to the indoors and display the points transmitted to the computer on the computer screen in the form of display code, and then supplement these points according to the route that the ruler himself has traveled. The number code makes it easier to wire these points. Or by programming the coded boot file to achieve automatic connection. When the work is completed, the maps are taken to the field to measure the various materials that have not been measured on the ground, and then interactively compiled on the computer to obtain the final topographic map.
2.4.3 Precautions
2.4.3.1 The above method is used for the main points of the ruler. The requirements for the observation and the staff of the ruler are relatively high. The first cooperation should be tacit understanding. This is done. The next point should be measured by the mind. The requirements for the input digits and letters of the observers are relatively high, and should generally be completed within 10 seconds. The second division staff is responsible for the indoor drawing work, and is the main personnel in the mapping process. Therefore, it is necessary to know the comprehensive selection of the ground objects, and the line of the running rule should be determined before the running rule to avoid walking. road.
Using such a measurement method requires time and speed. All that is needed on the station is the process of coding and aligning, and the only thing the staff needs to do is to encode and arrange the prism through the intercom. The current total station measures a coordinate, which is basically within 1 second, and some even reach a point of 0.3 seconds. Affected by walking and other reasons, the geodetic object is about 30 seconds at a point and the landform is within 1 minute. It can be said that the main time is from one point to another, and in such a short time, the sketching personnel Basically, I can't keep up with this idea and speed. About 600 to 900 points per day can be measured by my daily measurement hour. Moreover, the success rate of the connection is above 95%.
2.4.3.2 Key points
In the process of measurement, the selection and measurement of the broken points are very important, and the measuring points are too dense, resulting in dense mapping, which is not necessary; the measuring points are too small, and the basic elements of the terrain are not grasped, so for the broken points Be sure to pay attention to the following points.
1. The building can be compared with three points. The fourth point can be done by computer. Many buildings in the south look more square. In fact, it is an irregular polygon, and all the measured points are needed.
2. Irregular landforms should try to measure more points, because some small changes in traditional mapping can be done by hand, but the computer simulation can not reflect the actual terrain.
3. For tiles that are drawn in the order specified in the program, such as bridges, billboards, etc., it is best to measure them in order.
2.4.3.2 Other matters
1. All instruments and equipment to be used must be certified by a qualified department.
2. The division of the mapping unit should be based on natural boundaries, such as rivers, roads, etc., to facilitate the application of topographic maps, and also reduce the problem of edge joints.
3. The points that can be measured are measured as much as possible, and the steel ruler is avoided as much as possible. Because the speed measured by the total station is far less than the measurement of the tape measure, and the accuracy is higher.
4. In the field data collection, if the cooperation is not tacit, and the information is not transmitted by the station, the person who runs the prism should report the information of the terrain and material information to be collected to the station personnel in time to ensure that The authenticity of the data record.
5. Since many of the work of digital mapping is done on a computer, how to strengthen the inspection is solved by each unit. In particular, when the test area is far from the domestic location, certain measures must be taken.
6. Try to collect data in the visual atmosphere of the station. When it is in poor visibility or when you need to observe by lifting the pole, then point to the nearby station to collect data to avoid the pole from deviating from the terrain. Human error caused by the point.
7. When collecting data in the field, we must pay attention to the changes in the landforms on the ground, record as much as possible, and do not bring the doubts back to the internal industry.
Third, the internship experience
Graduation internship is a big exercise that is about to leave the campus and go to the society. It combines the four years of professional study at the university and is a comprehensive application of knowledge. In the short time of Nanyang 3D Surveying and Mapping Co., Ltd., I gained a lot.
First of all, through the graduation survey internship, I learned a lot, such as more proficient in the operation of the instrument, strengthened the understanding and mastery of the knowledge learned, and greatly improved the ability to do hands and brain. The book has a glimpse of the end, knowing that this matter is going to take place. In the internship, the face is a real task, not to push the committee and escape, the fieldwork does not give you the time to go back to the book, everything must be resolved on the spot. Therefore, this makes me deeply understand the importance of theoretical knowledge. During the rest of the school, I have to calmly review and review the theoretical knowledge I have learned, so that there is a gap in the chest and it is clear at a glance. To lay a solid foundation for the actual work in the future.
Second, it expands the ability to communicate and cooperate with others. I am deeply impressed by the successful completion of a measurement work. It is not enough to rely solely on the strength and concept of a person. Only the cooperation and solidarity of the group can be fast and efficient. Therefore, in the future work, while constantly strengthening the business ability, we must learn to get along with our peers, learn to be tolerant, and learn to endure.
Again, through the internship, I also realized the importance of humility. In the work, the companions only have secondary school or middle school education. They are not highly educated. They are often lacking in theoretical knowledge, but their rich experience is a valuable asset. This kind of wealth is not learned in the textbook. Arrived. Therefore, in the future work, it is necessary to learn from the surveying and mapping staff who work in the front line all the year round. Openly ask for advice, study hard, and adhere to the combination of theory and practice, so that you can become a qualified engineering staff faster.
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