Construction Engineering Internship Report

First, the internship time
June 26, xx - July 17, xx, second place
Xx Project Department III. Internship Production Internship is the second internship after the completion of the sophomore course for the students of the architectural engineering technology of our school. It is an organized, purposeful and in-depth internship after the internship of the freshman. The students went to the site to conduct face-to-face communication and guidance with the workers and technicians on the site, participated in the practice, and comprehensively and systematically understood various construction techniques and construction techniques of the construction project, as well as various management measures. Familiar with the nature of the engineering construction enterprise, the characteristics of the operation, and the operation mode of production management. During the internship process, students can integrate the professional knowledge they have learned in the classroom, gain an in-depth understanding of the knowledge they have acquired, enhance the ability to apply professional knowledge and skills, and enhance their practical and practical concepts; foster students' independent analysis of problems and problem solving. The ability to strengthen professional awareness and professional responsibility has played a substantial guiding role in the study of the third year, laying a solid theoretical and practical foundation for us to move to work in the future.
Fourth, the production internship content project overview
1# Building Location: The Beijing Qinhuangdao Highway Management Office in the west section of Yanshan Street, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao City.
Construction unit: Qinhuangdao Jingqin Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.
Project Name: 1# Building, Residential Building, Qinhuangdao Jingqin Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.
Building function: residential structure form: shear wall structure building layer: underground one floor, main body twelve floors building area: building area 12108.2m2
Underground area 845m2
Above ground area 11263.2m2
Building base area 878m2
Building height: 37.95m
The design level of the project is three, and the building category is high-rise residential building. The fire resistance level is one level underground and one level, the safety level is two, and the seismic fortification intensity is seven degrees. The building has a service life of 50 years.
2# Building Location: The Beijing Qinhuang Expressway Management Office in the west section of Yanshan Street, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao City.
Construction unit: Qinhuangdao Jingqin Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.
Project Name: 2# Building, Residential Building, Qinhuangdao Jingqin Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.
Building area: residential area is 3916.05m2; lower floor is 584.68m2; dormitory is 584.68m2, dining hall, office is 696.62m2, building area is 1097.68m2.
Number of building layers: 6+1 layer structure: brick-concrete structure height: 19.45m
The seismic fortification intensity of this project is seven degrees, and the indoor floor elevation is ±0.000 equivalent to an absolute elevation of 9.90.
Project Introduction Construction unit: Qinhuangdao Jingqin Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.
Construction unit: Qinhuangdao Municipal Engineering Co., Ltd. Construction and Installation Branch.
Design unit; China Metallurgical Jingcheng Engineering Technology Co., Ltd.
Supervisor: Beijing Ri Ri Hao Supervision Co., Ltd.
Building energy efficiency design
1# building energy saving The shape coefficient of this project is 0.248<0.3
1. Roof insulation; this project uses 80 thick extruded board and the thinnest part 60 thick 1:10 cement perlite as roof insulation material.
2. Wall insulation 1 exterior wall with 40 thick extruded board. 40 thick polystyrene board is attached to the stair partition wall.
2 The outdoor window is an insulating glass window of hollow glass. The airtightness level of the insulating glass is not lower than the current national standard “Several testing methods for airtightness classification of exterior windows of buildings” GB/T7107-2002. The insulation performance grade is not lower than the test result specified in the current national standard "Building Exterior Window Insulation Performance Classification and Detection Method" GB-T8484-2002, the heat transfer coefficient of the outer window should not exceed 3.0.
3 Glass selection should be in accordance with JGJ113-97 "Technical Specifications for Building Glass". Glass with doors larger than 1.5 square meters and glass with floor-to-ceiling windows below 1100 should be made of safety glass.
4 The reinforced concrete bay window and the outer wall of the balcony slab are affixed with a 50-thick single-faced cypress board; during the construction process, the slab is cast together with the slab. The basement of the basement is covered with 50 thick extruded panels; the bottom plate of the outdoor air is attached to a 50-thick extruded board.
2# building energy saving
1. The average outdoor temperature division area in the district heating period is grade II.
2. Building shape factor: <0.3
3. The roof insulation material is made of 100 thick polystyrene board and 60 thick cement perlite. The weight of polystyrene board is not less than 15kg/m.
4. 30 thick polystyrene granule insulation mortar on the outer wall; 20 thick polystyrene granule insulation mortar on the inner wall of the stairwell, 40 thick extruded board insulation on the lower roof slab, 50 thick single sided on the reinforced concrete balcony slab Taibai board; cast-in-place with the fence during the construction process. A 50-thick extruded board is attached to the balcony floor of the outdoor air.
5. The external door and window insulation performance grade shall be tested according to the current national standard “Building exterior window insulation performance grading and testing method” GB/T8484-2002. The heat transfer coefficient of the outer window shall not exceed 3.0.
6. The exterior window of the house is made of insulating glass, dark green broken bridge alloy, the glass is solid steel window in the lower room, and the alloy window is used in the stairwell.
(4) Construction of the main project
1# Building 1. The basic project Due to the time, when we arrived at the construction site, the foundation and the basement were all finished, and the construction of the above part was started. However, we also learned some basic technical materials from the drawings. The foundation of the shear wall residential building is a long spiral pressure-filled concrete pile with a pile diameter of 500 mm and a pile length of 3.0 to 10.0 m. The pile foundation is used in consideration of the influence of the soil layer and groundwater. There are two types of piles: one pile has a single bearing capacity design value of 505KN, which is mainly used for stairs and elevators. The foundation under the wall is mainly considering that these parts have large loads. Another model has a single bearing capacity of 615N. The piles, caps, cap beams and connecting beams are all made of C30 concrete, the cushion layer is made of C15 concrete, and the steel bars are made of first-grade steel and second-grade steel. The thickness of the protective layer of the steel bar is 50mm for the pile, 100mm for the cap and 35mm for the foundation beam. The structural requirements are as follows: 1 The upper steel bars of the cap beam should be overlapped within the pile spacing, and the lower steel bars should be overlapped within the pile position. The cross-section area of ​​the upper and lower steel bars of each section should not exceed 25% and 50%. 2 piles extend into the cap 100mm. The length of the pile reinforcement anchored into the cap is 35 times the diameter of the bar. 3 The test pile shall be carried out at the site, and the number of test piles shall not be less than 1% of the total number of piles, and not less than three. 4 If the bottom of the platform and the side of the platform are soft and weak, all non-liquefied soil should be replaced, and the compaction coefficient is not less than 0.94.
2. Since the steel bar engineering is a full shear wall structure, the on-site steel bars and concrete are dominant. And steel bars are the most important thing. The lashing or welding of the steel bars during the whole construction process can be divided into the tying of the wall steel bars, the tying of the beam plates and the tying of the stair bars. Among them, the tying and welding of beam and steel bars is the most complicated and most important. Now I will summarize the points of knowledge I have learned from the construction site as follows:
1 Wall steel reinforcement wall reinforcement can be divided into level steel and vertical steel. When the steel bars are tied, the leveling bars are on the outside of the vertical steel bars, which is also just convenient for workers to construct. The lacing of the wall is arranged according to the secondary steel with a diameter of 6mm and a spacing of 600mm. The design is based on the 135° hook at both ends, but in practice, the steel is cut in consideration of the convenience of construction. It is made up of 135° at one end and a 90° hook at the other end. There are many dark columns in the Jianli wall, which can be divided into corner columns and constrained columns according to their different parts. These dark columns are used to further improve the bearing capacity and stability of the wall. The longitudinal reinforcement of the dark column is tied or welded, and the length of the overlap must meet the requirements. The stirrups of the column are encrypted at the upper and lower ends, mainly considering that the shear forces on the upper and lower sides of the column are relatively large. The placement of the stirrups is also required. The two 135° hooks cannot be placed in the same direction but should be placed in a spaced position, also taking into account the construction requirements. After the shearing of the shear wall is completed, the steel bar whose length is equal to the width of the wall is welded at the lower part. The purpose is to create a protective layer and an internal support when the wall mold is supported. In addition, a black rubber ring, that is, a concrete block, is added to the leveling rib of the wall.
2 Beam and slab reinforcement There are two types of beams in this project: continuous beam and cantilever beam. Nowadays, the reinforcement diagrams of the beam and the plate are all based on the flat method, which greatly simplifies the amount of drawings and also facilitates the construction of the steel workers. When looking at the drawings on the construction site, I know that in the flat method, A means that one end is overhanging, and B means that both ends are overhanging. The steel bars of the beam are mainly at the support at both ends, and the negative bars at both ends are arranged correctly. Generally, the two long ends are attached with two short ribs at the two ends. The stirrup must also be encrypted at both ends, and the encryption length is generally equal to 1.5 times the beam height. The steel bars of the board can be divided into the bottom reinforcement and the negative reinforcement at the support. The residential buildings are designed in two-way panels. The bottom reinforcement is arranged in two layers, the short span reinforcement is arranged on the outer side of the long span steel, and the negative reinforcement at the support is arranged with the distribution rib perpendicular to it and arranged under the negative reinforcement. The negative and negative ribs at the corners of the board are tied to each other without the need to use the distribution ribs. The circumference of the elevator is also arranged in an annular arrangement as required.
3Stairs Rebar The standard floor height of this residential building is 3 meters, so the step size of the stairs is 260×150. The stairs are made of slab stairs and the ribs are separated, which greatly simplifies the construction procedure and speeds up the construction. The steel bars of the stairs mainly have longitudinal ribs along the bottom of the stairway and distribution ribs of the vertical force ribs; the upper frame ribs of the platform beam and the lower longitudinally loaded steel bars and stirrups; the plates above the platform plate in both directions The bottom of the force ribs and the negative ribs at the four sides of the support. Considering the convenience of construction, the negative ribs of the supports in the short-span direction are arranged in length rather than separately, which wastes a small amount of steel but greatly improves the speed and convenience of construction.

3. Formwork construction The concrete pouring during the whole construction process is carried out using the plywood formwork, but considering the cost, it does not use a large template like the golden bay, but is formed by splicing together with small templates. This will leave seams on the walls and slabs, but this does not affect the overall quality of the project. We can see a lot of holes from the wall that has been poured and demolished. These are the bolts left when the wall mold is supported. In the middle of the wall mold, the plastic sleeve is sleeved in the middle of the pull bolt. When the mold is removed, the pull bolt is taken down and the sleeve is left in the wall, leaving a lot of holes that we see now. Later workers used cement mortar to fill holes. It must be noted that a small amount of expansion agent must be added to the cement mortar to prevent cracks from occurring around the hole later. The template must be coated with a release agent on the inside of the template before it is supported, which has facilitated the separation of the later formwork from the concrete and facilitates demoulding. The quality of the formwork project directly affects the quality of the concrete pouring in the later stage, so the quality of the installation must be strictly controlled. We left a lot of steel hoops on the floor we saw on the scene. These were the ones that were poured together when pouring the floor. The purpose is to ensure the stability and firmness of the template we have supported by the fixed position of the steel pipe used for supporting the upper formwork. After the mold is removed, the worker removes it by gas cutting. The seamstress between the template and the template is taped to prevent leakage. The rubber band is also used between the formwork and the reinforced wall to prevent the poured concrete from being secreted from the joint. So how do workers control the templates they are holding are vertical? This depends on the baseline that the lineman played before. Our technicians not only popped the position line of the wall before the mold, but also placed a correction line on the side of the wall. The distance we are offset from the site is 300mm. Workers use this benchmark to use the weight to check whether the wall template they are holding is vertical without distortion.
4. Concrete Engineering When we first entered the construction site, the main project of the 1# building has already achieved the fourth floor. They use ash to pump concrete. At the beginning, the concrete was sent to the construction floor from the ground by pumping. But we can imagine that the long arm of the pumping car has a certain distance. When our house is raised upwards with one layer, if the pump is used to send the ash up, one is not enough pressure, the other one It is the passage of the car is not that long. Therefore, when we poured the house to the ninth floor on the construction site, we used the pump truck to send the concrete that had been made from the concrete mixing plant. When the concrete is transported from the mixing plant to the site by the transporter, the first thing our technicians have to do is to check if our concrete meets our design requirements. So what must be done is two jobs: one is the concrete test block; the other is the slump test. Pumping of concrete can only be carried out if it meets the requirements. However, what we saw at the scene was that our experimenters were doing experiments while the concrete had been sent up there. I just want to say that if the result of this test shows that the concrete is unqualified, what should I do? Perhaps the difference between theory and reality is here. However, the on-site supervision told us that the concrete is generally qualified from the mixing plant, and there will be no major problems, if it is within the error range. Hehe, I don’t know what this sentence means, as if it means that we are doing these experimental work and just walking away from the program.
The pouring of concrete begins with the shear wall and then the slab beam. Many workers cooperate with each other and cooperate with each other and have a close division of labor. The workers were busy with the pouring of several other workers. The wall is a flat vibrator that utilizes a vibrating rod and the floor is utilized. The vibrator is only a preliminary leveling and compaction. The worker has to use a trowel to smooth it and then apply a film on it to prevent the excessive evaporation of moisture from affecting the hydration and condensation of the concrete and affecting the strength. This is also a top priority in the concrete curing process. After the concrete reaches the strength design value, it can be placed on the upper layer.
Due to time, we couldn't see the roofing of the 1# building, but I saw the details of the roof in the construction drawings. The general principle is to achieve the effect of waterproof insulation. The main construction method is to lay 80 thick extruded board and 2 thick polymer coating waterproof layer plus 1.2 thick EPS synthetic polymer waterproofing membrane. The outermost is 20 thick 1:3 cement mortar protective layer. The floor decoration works also have its differences according to the location. Mainly from the living room, bedroom, dining room; kitchen; bathroom, balcony; stairwell and other areas to carry out different construction methods. However, the overall construction process is unchanged, that is, the first 20 thick polystyrene board is then placed on top of 40 thick soy concrete, while the top layer is handled by the user. Just in some places, such as the restroom, etc., taking into account the waterproof requirements, do a waterproof mortar or add a waterproof membrane.

2# Building The residential building has different functions and functions. There is a parking garage for the lower house as well as the dormitory above. The dormitory is divided into single dormitory and married residence. On the east side, there are places where canteens and property factories can be said to be quite full! The whole residential building is a brick-concrete structure. The sintered shale brick is used below ±0.000, the sintered porous brick is used above ±0.000, and the moisture-proof layer of the wall is placed 60mm below the indoor floor. The foundation is made of reinforced concrete strip foundation. There are five types of foundations. Temperature expansion joints are set at the three or four units without settlement joints. The main building, the floor, the stairs, the structural columns, the ring beams and some of the lintels are cast in concrete. The load-bearing wall is made of P-type perforated brick, and the kiln hollow block is partially used.
Reinforced concrete construction requirements: 1 The bottom steel bar of the plate extends into the support ≥5d and not less than 120mm. The negative reinforcement of the edge support should generally extend into the protective layer of the beam outer skin. 2 If the construction joint is to be left when the concrete of the concrete is poured, the construction joint should be left in the through-crossing wall. 3Structural connection between the column and the wall In each case, the horse's fangs and two 6mm diameter ribs are arranged at a distance of 500, and the length of the wall is 1000mm or to the edge of the hole. 4 bundled wire tubes are placed vertically in the 240 wall, where the masonry is changed to C25 concrete, which is the same as the structural column. When the 5th beam and the beam are crossed: the reinforcement is added above the hole and the stirrup is encrypted.
Field engineering experiment
1. Concrete test block The steel mold size used for the test block is 150 × 150 × 150 square. There are six, divided into two groups, each group of three. After the concrete mixer truck enters the construction site, the concrete that has been stirred is taken out from the mixer truck and placed in each steel mold. Note that the steel mold should be wiped with gasoline beforehand, and the purpose is the same as the application of the release agent in advance to facilitate demolding of the test piece afterwards. The concrete poured into the steel mold is to be poured three times, and each layer must be vibrated and compacted. After smoothing, put it in a dry and ventilated place to dry and maintain. After the concrete strength reaches the design value, the number is taken from three to the laboratory for pressure test and the other three stubs.
2. The tool used in the experimental experiment of concrete slump is the slump cylinder. First place the fallen cylinder on the flat ground, use the ruler to position the height of the cylinder, then pour concrete into the cylinder, vibrate while filling, and finally smooth the concrete with a flat ruler and squeeze the cylinder tightly. After grasping the two earrings and lifting them up quickly, take the highest point of the scattered concrete as the boundary, measure the height, and read the difference between the two before and after, which is the slump of the concrete. The on-site supervision told us that the slump on the site was between 14 and 16 cm.

V. Personal Internship Summary The three-week production internship has come to an end. Looking back on these days, I have learned a lot of real things and thought a lot of questions. During the internship at the construction site, I can see the construction process of each team with my own eyes. I can hear the technical staff's discussion on a certain problem, and I can personally see various construction drawings, which makes me have a basic situation for the construction of the building. Sensual understanding also provides a reference direction for the upcoming junior year course. Here are some of the gains, insights and impressions of this internship:
1. Through this internship, the knowledge in the book was digested during the internship process, and some in-depth understanding of some technical terms and specific construction procedures was completed, which consolidated the theoretical knowledge. For example, for the process of steel bar processing, the tying of the column bar is only used to listen to the teacher's explanation and books, but it is not clear for the specific operation. After seeing it on the spot and seeing it, it is very intuitive and the impression is particularly profound.
2. During the construction process, the actual construction operation is not necessarily consistent with the theoretical knowledge in the book. For example, a beam with a width of 300mm has a lower steel bar of 6φ25 3/3. In theory, it is required to ensure that the minimum spacing between the bars is >25mm, but in actual operation, it is often impossible because there are too many reinforcing bars. This requires years of construction experience and integration with theoretical knowledge to make appropriate modifications. We must learn solid theoretical knowledge. Although many things have been learned in the classroom, we have not learned the essence, we have not converted it into our own capital, and we cannot apply what we have learned. Regardless of whether we are engaged in construction or design in the future, we need to pay more attention to it, observe more, and ask more questions. We need to continuously accumulate and collect information extensively. Many things around us are worth learning to think about. Therefore, we need to lay down solid basic skills, firmly grasp the professional knowledge, and cultivate our ability to use theoretical knowledge to solve practical problems, so that we can gain a foothold in our work field.
3. At present, the development of China's construction market is still not perfect, information is lacking, management is not enough, and building codes and related laws and regulations are not thoroughly implemented and implemented. There are also many problems at the internship. For example, the construction preparation is insufficient, the roads and temporary facilities have not met the requirements of the regulations, the rainy season construction measures have not been taken, the steel bars are not paid attention to maintenance, and the waste is serious. I believe that with the development of the system, all kinds of problems should be solved and avoided.
4. Today's society is fiercely competitive. As a newcomer just graduated, we should correct our own attitude and give ourselves a good position. Don't be too self-satisfied or arrogant. Every work must be pragmatic and work hard to create value. People should be eager to deal with the surrounding relationship. The so-called "doing things after being a man first", in the big circle of the construction industry, especially needs the ability to live. And we must learn to learn from others with humility, ask if you don't understand, be sincere, and let others be willing to pass on their accumulation to you. This accumulation of bit by bit can be self-development.
The internship is over. Although the process is hard, it is indeed full and happy. I felt the ups and downs of my work in advance, which made me mentally prepared for my future life and full of yearning and self-confidence. During the internship process, I am very grateful to the help and care of the other 8 students. I am also very grateful to Teacher Wu Jianfeng for his hard work of going back and forth for three weeks to answer questions and guide the construction site!