Guiding ideology, principles and strategic objectives of ecological environment construction
Guiding ideology of ecological environment construction
Holding high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, guided by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Party Committee, with the implementation of the sustainable development strategy and the promotion of economic growth as the center, based on the Beijing ecological environment planning, Science and technology are the forerunners, with laws and regulations as the guarantee, follow the laws of nature and economy, adhere to the combination of ecological environment construction and economic development, combine engineering measures with biological measures, combine governance and protection, and closely focus on soil erosion, sandstorm hazards and conservation. Key issues such as water source and purification water quality are unified planning, classification guidance, mobilization and organization of social forces to promote regional, ecological, economic and social sustainable, coordinated and healthy development, and contribute to the construction of the third green ecological barrier of the capital.
Principles for ecological environment construction
1. Adhere to the principle of sustainable development. Focus on the optimal allocation, utilization, conservation and protection of resources, improve the ecological environment, and achieve the simultaneous growth of social, economic and ecological benefits.
2. Adhere to the principle of overall planning, highlighting key points, and implementing step by step. From the actual situation, adapt to local conditions, do what you can, handle the relationship between the overall and local, long-term and current, Beijing and Fangshan and different construction departments, and prioritize the protection of water resources, natural forest protection and wind and sand fixation in ecologically fragile areas. Ecological environment construction project.
3. Adhere to the system principles of ecological environment construction. Under the guidance of system theory, starting from the overall situation of ecological environment improvement in Yongding River Basin, based on the ecological environment construction zoning, with key projects as the backbone, through the implementation of key remediation projects, the establishment of mountain water source conservation and soil and water conservation, plain sand control and Eco-agriculture and urban greening and beautification of the ecological environment system to achieve the overall optimization of the ecological environment of the region.
4. Highlight the principles of technological innovation. Starting from the principle of “three highs” with high standards, high quality and high efficiency, we will aim at the advanced level of ecological environment construction at home and abroad, make full use of the talent advantage of the capital, strengthen domestic and international exchanges in Fangshan District, and learn from the advanced domestic and international ecological environment. Experience, with science and technology innovation as the forerunner, build a quality demonstration project for ecological environment remediation.
5. The principle of landscape ecological diversity. In view of the beautiful natural environment and many tourist attractions in Fangshan District, the ecological environment construction should follow the principle of landscape ecological diversity, not only to reflect the ecological function, but also to construct a reasonable landscape spatial pattern.
6. The principle of equal emphasis on governance, construction, and protection. With the goal of protecting water resources, forest resources and farmland environment, with afforestation and green barriers as the core, biological, engineering and agricultural measures combined, governance, construction and protection are equally important, based on the key control of soil erosion and sandstorm hazards. To comprehensively rectify the ecological environment of Fangshan District, thus achieving a fundamental improvement in the ecological environment of the whole district.
7. Adhere to the principle of combining ecological environment rectification with accelerating economic development. The ecological environment construction in Fangshan District must adhere to the combination of ecological environment construction and industrial development, peasant income increase, and regional economic development, and strive to build Fangshan District into a new suburb with beautiful environment, urban residents, peasant affluence and social stability.
Ecological environment construction planning target
The overall goal of the ecological environment construction in Fangshan District is: according to the overall arrangement of the state and Beijing, and actively organize the people of the whole region around the overall task of building an international modern metropolitan environment, using policy mechanisms to mobilize the polarities of all parties. After 30 years of Efforts will be made to form a sound forest protection system for water and soil conservation forests, water conservation forests, wind and sand fixation forests, tourist scenic forests, and farmland shelter forests; strengthen ecological environment management, establish and improve ecological environment monitoring and management network systems, and make ecological environmental protection measures effective carried out. Comprehensive control of soil erosion and water pollution, water and soil loss and sandstorm damage in water source protection areas and ecologically fragile areas are controlled to effectively curb the occurrence of wind, sand, mountain and earth flows, so that all kinds of good natural ecosystems and important species can be effectively protected. Promote the rational and scientific use of natural resources and achieve a virtuous cycle of natural ecosystems. The treatment of domestic sewage, industrial sewage, soot emissions and solid waste in urban areas has reached national standards, and gardening has been achieved in major urban areas. Ensure the sustainable development of the national economy and society in Fangshan District.
By 2030, the ecological environment construction plan of Fangshan District is divided into three stages: the short-term, medium-term and long-term.
1. Recent goals
By 2005, basic control of soil erosion and sandstorm damage, water quality of the water source protection zone has been improved and improved. The main goal is to increase the forest area by 14967.68 hectares through artificial afforestation, hillside afforestation and aerial sowing. The artificial forestation increases the forest area by 8301.08 hectares, the hillside afforestation increases the forest area by 5333.3 hectares, the aerial sowing afforestation increases the forest area by 1333.3 hectares, and the new and newly planted forest belt 280 kilometers, all the basic farmland areas have achieved forest network, and the forest network integrity rate has reached more than 95%. 1333.3 hectares of sand wasteland were managed, and some forests were effectively bred; the nature reserve increased by 666.7 hectares and the forest coverage rate reached more than 50%. The output of dried and fresh fruit reached 75 million kilograms, the incidence of forest pests and diseases was controlled below 5%, the control rate reached over 95%, the quarantine rate of seedlings reached 100%, and the coverage of pest detection reached over 90%.
The urban green area increased from 883 hectares to 1,033 hectares, the green coverage rate increased from 40.1% to 42%, the per capita public green space increased from 9.0 square meters to 15 square meters, the green rate was 36.7%, and the newly added urban isolation forest was 133 hectares. Demolition of houses and greening will increase 9 hectares of green space. Concentrate on the management of 22 high-standard, high-quality, high-efficiency demonstration small watersheds. The treatment standards have reached the acceptance criteria of the national “10, 100, and 1000” demonstration projects. The area of soil erosion is 200 square kilometers, and soil erosion has been initially managed. The soil erosion modulus in the mountainous area of Fangshan is 950 tons/km2 before the planned treatment. The annual reduction is 250 tons / square kilometer. year.
Through the construction of various engineering measures, the effect of flood control and sedimentation in the soil erosion control area is over 70%. The flood control standard of major buildings can withstand four hours of heavy rain in 20 years, and the flood control standard of general facilities can withstand 10 years. During the hour of heavy rain, more than 80% of the treated area reached the ministerial standard, and the earth and stone flow was basically controlled.
The development of plain water-saving irrigation area of 3333.3 hectares, 20 km of drainage ditch; development of 6666.7 hectares of mountainous mountain fruit trees and mountain farmland orchard supporting water-saving irrigation equipment; annual treatment of pig manure capacity of 50%, processing organic fertilizer capacity of 30%.
In view of the shortage of water resources in the mountainous areas of Fangshan District, we will strive to gradually realize centralized water supply in five years and focus on solving the problem of people's living water in poverty-stricken areas. First, pilot projects were carried out in Nantun Township, Da'anshan Township, Shidu Town and Changgou Town, and then implemented in other towns and villages in the mountainous areas to achieve the goal of achieving centralized water supply in all mountainous areas.
2. Medium-term goals
The newly added forest land is 8333.3 hectares, and the forest coverage rate is over 55%. Newly planted and renewed forest belts for 400 kilometers, and built a farmland shelterbelt system that is suitable for sustainable development. The sandstorm damage was completely cured; the nature reserve increased 666.7 hectares of forest land; the water conservation forest system was basically completed; the total output of dried fresh fruit reached 100 million kg. The total output value of forestry reached 360 million yuan. Consolidate and improve the recent management achievements, continue to manage 14 small watersheds, and make the soil erosion control area reach 390 square kilometers, and the soil erosion will be completely rectified. All the slope arable land above 25 degrees in the area will be returned to the forests and grasslands, and in the mountainous and hilly areas. The production and construction projects achieved a water and soil conservation program rate and approval rate of 100%. The mountain torrents and soils are comprehensively controlled, and the surface water quality meets the national first- or second-level water standards; the development of mountain-level rainwater collection projects, the promotion of water-saving irrigation techniques in mountainous areas, and the demonstration projects for comprehensive watershed comprehensive treatment demonstration projects and comprehensive water environment management. Make full use of the beautiful ecological environment in Fangshan District to develop pollution-free agriculture and forestry, and achieve coordinated development of urban construction, social economy and protection of land and water resources. The newly added garden green area is 343.8 hectares, the urban green coverage rate is 50%, the per capita public green space is 15 square meters, and the green land rate is 42%.
Agricultural pollution is basically controlled. Vigorously promote the technology of biological and physical control of diseases, insects and grasses, and reduce the use of pesticides. The application rate of organic fertilizer in grain and vegetable fruit reaches 50-70%. In the plain agricultural area, the area of pollution-free green grain and vegetables reached 1,3333.3 hectares. In the treatment of pig manure, the treatment of feces such as cattle and sheep is increased to 100%, and the ability to process organic fertilizer is 80%. It is equipped with 6666.7 hectares of water-saving irrigation equipment; 3333.3 hectares of new water-saving irrigation area and 10 kilometers of drainage ditch.
Do a good job in ecological urban construction. In order to build Fangshan into an ecologically beautiful area, we will strive to build four townships, Shidu, Zhangfang, Puqi and Xiayunling, which are superior in natural environment, into ecological towns in the planned seven years, and do a good job in 20 Construction of an ecological pilot village.
3. Long-term goals
It realizes an ecosystem with reasonable forest structure, stable tree structure and stable forest stand. The forest coverage rate is over 70%; the urban greening realizes the tree species and the population structure is reasonable, the per capita public green space reaches 45 square meters, and the green coverage rate is over 70%; in the streets, residential areas, public places, urban forest greening At the same time, through the demolition of green buildings, green walls, green roofs, roof gardens, vertical greening and other measures, the green coverage rate will be continuously improved, and the ecological barriers in southwestern Beijing will be developed in a multi-level, high-quality and systematic manner. Soil erosion, mountain torrents and earth-rock flow are effectively controlled, and the guaranteed rate of soil and water conservation measures is over 90%.
Construct an ecological agricultural production development system that is compatible with the ecological environment. The area ratio of pollution-free green food and vegetables in the ecological region reaches 70-100%, and all the crops are balanced fertilization and organic fertilizer are applied to ensure that the soil and water sources in the whole area are free from pollution and meet international standards. Crops are mainly based on biological and physical technology, reducing pesticide use by 50-60%; manure treatment and processing of organic fertilizers by 100%. Promote 6666.7 hectares of dry farming and 13333.3 hectares of demonstration fields; standardization of water conservancy irrigation and drainage, standardization of farming techniques, no-tillage coverage, and the rate of returning two straws to 100%.
Establish a sound ecological environment prediction and protection management information system to effectively and quickly monitor and manage the ecological environment of the region.
Holding high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, guided by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Party Committee, with the implementation of the sustainable development strategy and the promotion of economic growth as the center, based on the Beijing ecological environment planning, Science and technology are the forerunners, with laws and regulations as the guarantee, follow the laws of nature and economy, adhere to the combination of ecological environment construction and economic development, combine engineering measures with biological measures, combine governance and protection, and closely focus on soil erosion, sandstorm hazards and conservation. Key issues such as water source and purification water quality are unified planning, classification guidance, mobilization and organization of social forces to promote regional, ecological, economic and social sustainable, coordinated and healthy development, and contribute to the construction of the third green ecological barrier of the capital.
Principles for ecological environment construction
1. Adhere to the principle of sustainable development. Focus on the optimal allocation, utilization, conservation and protection of resources, improve the ecological environment, and achieve the simultaneous growth of social, economic and ecological benefits.
2. Adhere to the principle of overall planning, highlighting key points, and implementing step by step. From the actual situation, adapt to local conditions, do what you can, handle the relationship between the overall and local, long-term and current, Beijing and Fangshan and different construction departments, and prioritize the protection of water resources, natural forest protection and wind and sand fixation in ecologically fragile areas. Ecological environment construction project.
3. Adhere to the system principles of ecological environment construction. Under the guidance of system theory, starting from the overall situation of ecological environment improvement in Yongding River Basin, based on the ecological environment construction zoning, with key projects as the backbone, through the implementation of key remediation projects, the establishment of mountain water source conservation and soil and water conservation, plain sand control and Eco-agriculture and urban greening and beautification of the ecological environment system to achieve the overall optimization of the ecological environment of the region.
4. Highlight the principles of technological innovation. Starting from the principle of “three highs” with high standards, high quality and high efficiency, we will aim at the advanced level of ecological environment construction at home and abroad, make full use of the talent advantage of the capital, strengthen domestic and international exchanges in Fangshan District, and learn from the advanced domestic and international ecological environment. Experience, with science and technology innovation as the forerunner, build a quality demonstration project for ecological environment remediation.
5. The principle of landscape ecological diversity. In view of the beautiful natural environment and many tourist attractions in Fangshan District, the ecological environment construction should follow the principle of landscape ecological diversity, not only to reflect the ecological function, but also to construct a reasonable landscape spatial pattern.
6. The principle of equal emphasis on governance, construction, and protection. With the goal of protecting water resources, forest resources and farmland environment, with afforestation and green barriers as the core, biological, engineering and agricultural measures combined, governance, construction and protection are equally important, based on the key control of soil erosion and sandstorm hazards. To comprehensively rectify the ecological environment of Fangshan District, thus achieving a fundamental improvement in the ecological environment of the whole district.
7. Adhere to the principle of combining ecological environment rectification with accelerating economic development. The ecological environment construction in Fangshan District must adhere to the combination of ecological environment construction and industrial development, peasant income increase, and regional economic development, and strive to build Fangshan District into a new suburb with beautiful environment, urban residents, peasant affluence and social stability.
Ecological environment construction planning target
The overall goal of the ecological environment construction in Fangshan District is: according to the overall arrangement of the state and Beijing, and actively organize the people of the whole region around the overall task of building an international modern metropolitan environment, using policy mechanisms to mobilize the polarities of all parties. After 30 years of Efforts will be made to form a sound forest protection system for water and soil conservation forests, water conservation forests, wind and sand fixation forests, tourist scenic forests, and farmland shelter forests; strengthen ecological environment management, establish and improve ecological environment monitoring and management network systems, and make ecological environmental protection measures effective carried out. Comprehensive control of soil erosion and water pollution, water and soil loss and sandstorm damage in water source protection areas and ecologically fragile areas are controlled to effectively curb the occurrence of wind, sand, mountain and earth flows, so that all kinds of good natural ecosystems and important species can be effectively protected. Promote the rational and scientific use of natural resources and achieve a virtuous cycle of natural ecosystems. The treatment of domestic sewage, industrial sewage, soot emissions and solid waste in urban areas has reached national standards, and gardening has been achieved in major urban areas. Ensure the sustainable development of the national economy and society in Fangshan District.
By 2030, the ecological environment construction plan of Fangshan District is divided into three stages: the short-term, medium-term and long-term.
1. Recent goals
By 2005, basic control of soil erosion and sandstorm damage, water quality of the water source protection zone has been improved and improved. The main goal is to increase the forest area by 14967.68 hectares through artificial afforestation, hillside afforestation and aerial sowing. The artificial forestation increases the forest area by 8301.08 hectares, the hillside afforestation increases the forest area by 5333.3 hectares, the aerial sowing afforestation increases the forest area by 1333.3 hectares, and the new and newly planted forest belt 280 kilometers, all the basic farmland areas have achieved forest network, and the forest network integrity rate has reached more than 95%. 1333.3 hectares of sand wasteland were managed, and some forests were effectively bred; the nature reserve increased by 666.7 hectares and the forest coverage rate reached more than 50%. The output of dried and fresh fruit reached 75 million kilograms, the incidence of forest pests and diseases was controlled below 5%, the control rate reached over 95%, the quarantine rate of seedlings reached 100%, and the coverage of pest detection reached over 90%.
The urban green area increased from 883 hectares to 1,033 hectares, the green coverage rate increased from 40.1% to 42%, the per capita public green space increased from 9.0 square meters to 15 square meters, the green rate was 36.7%, and the newly added urban isolation forest was 133 hectares. Demolition of houses and greening will increase 9 hectares of green space. Concentrate on the management of 22 high-standard, high-quality, high-efficiency demonstration small watersheds. The treatment standards have reached the acceptance criteria of the national “10, 100, and 1000” demonstration projects. The area of soil erosion is 200 square kilometers, and soil erosion has been initially managed. The soil erosion modulus in the mountainous area of Fangshan is 950 tons/km2 before the planned treatment. The annual reduction is 250 tons / square kilometer. year.
Through the construction of various engineering measures, the effect of flood control and sedimentation in the soil erosion control area is over 70%. The flood control standard of major buildings can withstand four hours of heavy rain in 20 years, and the flood control standard of general facilities can withstand 10 years. During the hour of heavy rain, more than 80% of the treated area reached the ministerial standard, and the earth and stone flow was basically controlled.
The development of plain water-saving irrigation area of 3333.3 hectares, 20 km of drainage ditch; development of 6666.7 hectares of mountainous mountain fruit trees and mountain farmland orchard supporting water-saving irrigation equipment; annual treatment of pig manure capacity of 50%, processing organic fertilizer capacity of 30%.
In view of the shortage of water resources in the mountainous areas of Fangshan District, we will strive to gradually realize centralized water supply in five years and focus on solving the problem of people's living water in poverty-stricken areas. First, pilot projects were carried out in Nantun Township, Da'anshan Township, Shidu Town and Changgou Town, and then implemented in other towns and villages in the mountainous areas to achieve the goal of achieving centralized water supply in all mountainous areas.
2. Medium-term goals
The newly added forest land is 8333.3 hectares, and the forest coverage rate is over 55%. Newly planted and renewed forest belts for 400 kilometers, and built a farmland shelterbelt system that is suitable for sustainable development. The sandstorm damage was completely cured; the nature reserve increased 666.7 hectares of forest land; the water conservation forest system was basically completed; the total output of dried fresh fruit reached 100 million kg. The total output value of forestry reached 360 million yuan. Consolidate and improve the recent management achievements, continue to manage 14 small watersheds, and make the soil erosion control area reach 390 square kilometers, and the soil erosion will be completely rectified. All the slope arable land above 25 degrees in the area will be returned to the forests and grasslands, and in the mountainous and hilly areas. The production and construction projects achieved a water and soil conservation program rate and approval rate of 100%. The mountain torrents and soils are comprehensively controlled, and the surface water quality meets the national first- or second-level water standards; the development of mountain-level rainwater collection projects, the promotion of water-saving irrigation techniques in mountainous areas, and the demonstration projects for comprehensive watershed comprehensive treatment demonstration projects and comprehensive water environment management. Make full use of the beautiful ecological environment in Fangshan District to develop pollution-free agriculture and forestry, and achieve coordinated development of urban construction, social economy and protection of land and water resources. The newly added garden green area is 343.8 hectares, the urban green coverage rate is 50%, the per capita public green space is 15 square meters, and the green land rate is 42%.
Agricultural pollution is basically controlled. Vigorously promote the technology of biological and physical control of diseases, insects and grasses, and reduce the use of pesticides. The application rate of organic fertilizer in grain and vegetable fruit reaches 50-70%. In the plain agricultural area, the area of pollution-free green grain and vegetables reached 1,3333.3 hectares. In the treatment of pig manure, the treatment of feces such as cattle and sheep is increased to 100%, and the ability to process organic fertilizer is 80%. It is equipped with 6666.7 hectares of water-saving irrigation equipment; 3333.3 hectares of new water-saving irrigation area and 10 kilometers of drainage ditch.
Do a good job in ecological urban construction. In order to build Fangshan into an ecologically beautiful area, we will strive to build four townships, Shidu, Zhangfang, Puqi and Xiayunling, which are superior in natural environment, into ecological towns in the planned seven years, and do a good job in 20 Construction of an ecological pilot village.
3. Long-term goals
It realizes an ecosystem with reasonable forest structure, stable tree structure and stable forest stand. The forest coverage rate is over 70%; the urban greening realizes the tree species and the population structure is reasonable, the per capita public green space reaches 45 square meters, and the green coverage rate is over 70%; in the streets, residential areas, public places, urban forest greening At the same time, through the demolition of green buildings, green walls, green roofs, roof gardens, vertical greening and other measures, the green coverage rate will be continuously improved, and the ecological barriers in southwestern Beijing will be developed in a multi-level, high-quality and systematic manner. Soil erosion, mountain torrents and earth-rock flow are effectively controlled, and the guaranteed rate of soil and water conservation measures is over 90%.
Construct an ecological agricultural production development system that is compatible with the ecological environment. The area ratio of pollution-free green food and vegetables in the ecological region reaches 70-100%, and all the crops are balanced fertilization and organic fertilizer are applied to ensure that the soil and water sources in the whole area are free from pollution and meet international standards. Crops are mainly based on biological and physical technology, reducing pesticide use by 50-60%; manure treatment and processing of organic fertilizers by 100%. Promote 6666.7 hectares of dry farming and 13333.3 hectares of demonstration fields; standardization of water conservancy irrigation and drainage, standardization of farming techniques, no-tillage coverage, and the rate of returning two straws to 100%.
Establish a sound ecological environment prediction and protection management information system to effectively and quickly monitor and manage the ecological environment of the region.
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