[Boutique] How to write a business plan

Part 1: How to write a business plan

How can I write a good business project plan, which is a headache for many people, because there are many things to be involved in this, there are many points to pay attention to, and some mistakes may bring some The necessary troubles and even serious mistakes lead to the failure of entrepreneurship. Therefore, before the start of entrepreneurship, it is necessary to consider all kinds of unknown events, and to achieve the most basic premise when starting a business.

For venture companies looking for funding, the business plan book is the company's phone call card. The quality of a business plan often determines the success or failure of an investment transaction.

For start-up venture companies, the role of the business plan is particularly important. A project that is brewing is often vague, and the pros and cons are written by developing a business plan book. See it later and then one by one. Entrepreneurs can have a clearer understanding of this project. It can be said that the business plan book first sells the enterprise to be created in the plan to the entrepreneur himself.

Second, the business plan book can also help sell the venture companies in the plan to venture capitalists. One of the main purposes of the company's business plan is to raise funds. Therefore, the business plan must explain:

The purpose of starting a business – why take risks, spend energy, time, resources, and money to start a venture?

How much money is needed to start a business? Why is it so much money? Why are investors worth investing in this? For established venture companies, the business plan can set a more specific direction and focus for the development of the company. This allows employees to understand the company's business objectives and motivate them to work for a common goal. More importantly, it enables the company's funders, suppliers and sellers to understand the company's operating conditions and business objectives, and persuade the funders to fund the further development of the company.

It is for these reasons that the business plan book will be the most important one in the business archives written by entrepreneurs. So how do you develop a business plan book?

Business projects that can neither give investors enough information nor make investors excited, the end result can only be thrown into the trash. In order to ensure that the business plan can “hit the target”, the entrepreneur should do the following:

1. Show your management team

The key factor in turning an idea into a successful venture is to have a strong management team. Members of this team must have high professional and technical knowledge, management skills and years of work experience, to give investors a feeling: "Look, who is in this team! If this company is a football team, They will always enter the World Cup finals!" The manager's function is to plan, organize, control and guide the company's actions to achieve its goals. In the business plan book, we should first describe the entire management team and its responsibilities, but then introduce each manager's special talents, characteristics and accomplishments, and describe in detail how each manager will contribute to the company. Management objectives and organizational chart should also be clearly defined in the business plan book.

2. Excellent project summary

The summary of the plan in the business plan book is also very important. It must be of interest to the reader and eager to get more information, it will leave a lasting impression on the reader. The summary of the project will be the last part of the entrepreneur's writing, but it is the first thing the funder wants to see. It will extract the most relevant details from the plan to raise funds: including the basic situation inside the company, the company The ability and limitations of the company's competitors, marketing and financial strategies, the company's management team, etc. are concise and vivid summary. If the company is a book, it is like the cover of the book. If you do well, you can attract investors. It will give venture capitalists the impression that "this company will become a giant in the industry, and I can't wait to read the rest of the project."

3. Focus on products

In the business plan book, all details related to the company's products or services should be provided, including all surveys conducted by the company. These questions include: What stage of development is the product? What is its uniqueness? What is the way companies distribute products? Who will use the products of the company, and why? What is the production cost of the product, and what is the selling price? What is the plan for a new modern product? Pull the funder into the company's products or services so that the funder will be as interested in the product as the entrepreneur. In entrepreneurial plans, entrepreneurs should try to describe everything with simple words—the definition of goods and their attributes is very clear to entrepreneurs, but others do not necessarily know what they mean. The purpose of developing a business plan book is not only to convince the funder that the company's products will have a revolutionary impact in the world, but also to convince them that the company has the arguments to prove it. The description of the product in the business plan book should make the funder feel: "Hey, how wonderful and exciting this product is!"

4. Dare to compete

In the business plan book, entrepreneurs should carefully analyze the situation of competitors. Who are the competitors and how do their products work? What are the similarities and differences between competitors' products and the company's products? What are the marketing strategies adopted by competitors? To clarify each competitor Sales, gross profit, revenue and market share, and then discuss the competitive advantage of the company relative to each competitor, to show investors that the customer prefers the company because: the quality of the company's products, Fast delivery, moderate positioning, affordable price, etc. The business plan book should make its readers believe that this company is not only a strong competitor in the industry, but also a leader in determining industry standards in the future. In the business plan book, entrepreneurs should also clarify the risks that competitors bring to the company and the countermeasures the company takes.

5. Understand the market

The business plan book should provide investors with in-depth analysis and understanding of the target market. Careful analysis

Economic, geographic, professional, and psychological factors influence consumers' choices to purchase their products, and the role of various factors. The business plan should also include a major marketing plan that outlines the areas in which the company intends to conduct advertising, promotion, and public relations activities, and clarifies the budget and benefits of each activity. The business plan should also briefly describe the company's sales strategy: Does the company use an outside sales representative or internal staff? Does the company use a reseller, distributor or franchisor? What type of sales training will the company provide? The business plan book should also pay special attention to the details of the sale.

6. A guide to action

The company's action plan should be unsolvable. The following questions should be clarified in the business plan book: How do companies bring products to market? How to design production lines, how to assemble products? What raw materials do you need for production? What production resources do you need for production? What are the production and equipment costs? How much? Does the enterprise buy equipment or rent equipment? Explain the fixed and variable costs associated with product assembly, storage, and delivery.

The above is the minimum condition for writing a plan book. Just follow the above method and it is not difficult to write a good business plan. However, the above is just a reference. In the actual creation, we have to develop a special plan that suits our own situation, so that we can write a good plan!

Part 2: How to write a business plan

For start-up companies, the role of the business plan is particularly important. A project that is brewing is often vague. By developing a business plan book, the positive and negative reasons are written and then refined. Entrepreneurs can have a clearer understanding of this project. It can be said that the business plan book first sells the enterprise to be created in the plan to the entrepreneur himself. Secondly, the business plan book can also help sell the risk enterprise in the plan to the venture capitalist, the business plan book. One of the main purposes is to raise funds.

Therefore, the business plan must explain:

(1) The purpose of starting a business - why take risks, spend energy, time, resources, and funds to start a venture

(2) The funds needed to start a business – why is it so much money? Why are investors worth investing in?

For established venture companies, the business plan can set a more specific direction and focus for the company, so that employees understand the company's business objectives and motivate them to work for a common goal. More importantly, it can be the funder and supplier of the company, the seller, etc. to understand the business status and business objectives of the company, and persuade the funders to provide funds for the further development of the company.

It is for these reasons that the business plan book will be the most important of the business files written by entrepreneurs. So, how to formulate a business plan book? How to write a business plan book?

Business projects that can neither give entrepreneurs sufficient information nor enable investors to motivate them, the end result can only be left in the trash. In order to ensure that the business plan can work, entrepreneurs should do the following:

(1) Understand the market. The business plan book should provide investors with in-depth analysis and understanding of the target market. It is necessary to carefully analyze the impact of economic, geographic, professional and psychological factors on the consumer's choice to purchase the company's products, and the role of various factors. The business plan should also include a major marketing plan that outlines the areas in which the company intends to conduct advertising, promotion, and public relations activities, and clarifies the budget and benefits of each activity. The business plan should also briefly describe the marketing strategy of the company: Does the company use external marketing representatives or internal staff? Does the company use resellers, distributors or agents? What type of sales training will the company provide? The business plan book should also pay special attention to the details of the sale.

(2) Focus on products. In the business plan book, all details related to the company's products or services should be provided, including all surveys conducted by the company. These questions include: What stage of development is the product? What is its uniqueness? What is the way for companies to distribute products? Who will use the products of the company, and why? What is the cost of production, and what is the price? What is the product's plan? Pull the funder into the company's products or services, so that the funder will be as interested in the product as the entrepreneur. In the business plan book, entrepreneurs should try to describe everything with short words and objective words, so that readers can accurately grasp what you want to express, and don't make readers ambiguous. The description of the product in the business plan book should make the funder feel: "How exciting this product is!"

(3) Dare to compete. In the business plan book, entrepreneurs should carefully analyze the situation of competitors. Who are the competitors and how do their products work? What are the similarities and differences between competitors' products and the company's products? What are the marketing strategies adopted by competitors? To clarify each competitor's Marketing amount, gross profit, income and market share. Then discuss the competitive advantages of the company relative to each competitor, to show investors that the reasons why customers prefer the company, such as the quality of the company's products, fast delivery, moderate positioning, affordable price, etc. . The business plan book should make its readers believe that the company is not only a strong competitor in the industry, but also a leader in determining industry standards in the future. In the business plan book, entrepreneurs should also clarify the risks that competitors bring to the company and the countermeasures the company takes.

(4) A guideline for action. The company’s action plan should be impeccable. The following questions should be clarified in the business plan book: How do companies bring products to market? How to design production lines, how to assemble products? What raw materials are needed for production? What production resources do enterprises need and what production resources are needed? The cost of production and equipment is How much? Does the enterprise buy equipment or rent equipment? Explain the fixed and variable costs associated with product assembly, storage, and delivery.

(5) Show your management team. The key factor in turning an idea into a successful company is to have a strong management team. The members of this team must have high professional and technical knowledge, management skills and years of work experience. Such a feeling: "Look! Who is in this team! If the company is a football team, they will always enter the finals of the World Cup!" The manager's function is planning, organization, control and coordination. The act of producing factors to achieve organizational goals. In the business plan book, you should first describe the entire management team and its responsibilities, and then introduce each manager's special talents, characteristics and accomplishments, and describe in detail how each manager will contribute to the company. Management objectives and organizational chart should also be clearly defined in the business plan book.

(6) Excellent project summary. The summary of the plan in the business plan book is also very important. It must be of interest to readers and eager to get more information, it will leave a lasting impression on the reader. The summary of the project will be the last part of the entrepreneur's writing, but it is the first thing investors should look at. It will extract the most relevant details from the plan to raise funds: including the basic situation of the company, the company The ability and limitations of the company's competitors, marketing and financial strategies, the company's management team, etc. are concise and vivid summary. If the company is a book, it is like the cover of the book, and if done well, it will attract investors. It will give venture capitalists the impression that "this company will become a giant in the industry and I can't wait to read the rest of the project."

Part 3: How to write a business plan

First, the business plan book

It is a written abstract of the business created by the entrepreneur program.

It is used to describe the internal and external environmental conditions and characteristics of the company to be established, to provide indicators for the development of the business and to measure the progress of the business.

Usually the business plan is a combination of marketing, finance, production, human resources and other functional projects.

Write a good question about the business plan book:

Focus on products

Dare to compete

Understand the market

Policy indicating action

Show your management team

Excellent project summary

Second, the contents of the business plan book

Generally speaking, the business plan should include the type of entrepreneurship, capital planning and fund sources, the proportion of total funds allocated, stage objectives, financial projections, marketing strategies, possible risk assessments, motivations for entrepreneurship, shareholder rosters, and reservations. The number of employees and the specific content generally include the following eleven aspects:

Cover

The design of the cover should be aesthetically pleasing and artistic. A good cover will give the reader an initial good impression and a good first impression.

Project summary

It is the essence of a concentrated entrepreneurial plan.

The project summary covers the main points of the project, so that it can be seen at a glance, so that the reader can evaluate the audit and judge in the shortest time.

The summary of the plan generally includes the following:

Company Profile;

Managers and their organizations;

Main products and business scope;

Market overview;

Marketing strategy;

Sales plan

Production management plan;

Financial plan

The status of funding needs, etc.

The abstract should be as concise and vivid as possible. In particular, explain the differences between your own business and the 捌笠 捌笠 袢 晒 晒 晒 晒 晒 ∫蛩亍 ∫蛩亍?

Company Profile

The purpose of this section is not to describe the entire project, nor to provide another summary, but to introduce your company, so the focus is on your company philosophy and how to set the company's strategic goals.

industry analysis

In the industry analysis, the basic characteristics, competition status and future development trends of selected industries should be correctly evaluated.

Typical questions about industry analysis:

What is the level of development of the industry? What is the current development trend?

What role does innovation and technological advancement play in the industry?

What is the total sales of the industry? What is the total revenue? What is the development trend?

What is the price trend?

How much does economic development affect the industry? How does the government affect the industry?

What factors determine its development?

What is the nature of competition and what strategy will you adopt?

What are the barriers to entry into the industry? How will you overcome it? What is the typical rate of return in the industry?

product description

Product introduction should include the following: product concept, performance and characteristics; main product introduction; product market competitiveness; product research and development process; development of new product planning and cost analysis; product market prospects; Brands and patents, etc.

In the product introduction section, the entrepreneur should make a detailed explanation of the product, indicating that it is accurate and easy to understand, so that investors who are not professionals can understand. In general, product introductions are accompanied by product prototypes, photos or other introductions.

Personnel and organizational structure

In the production activities of enterprises, there are human resource management, technical management, financial management, operation management, product management and so on. Human resource management is one of the most important aspects.

Because society has developed to this day, people have become the most precious resource, which is determined by human initiative and creativity. To manage such resources well, enterprises must follow scientific principles and methods.

In the business plan, it is necessary to clarify the key management personnel, introduce their abilities, their duties and responsibilities in the company, their past detailed experience and background. In addition, in this part of the business plan book, the company structure should also be briefly introduced, including: the organization chart of the company; the functions and responsibilities of each department; the responsible person and main members of each department; the company's compensation system; The list of shareholders, including stock options, proportions and privileges; board members of the company; background information of the directors.

Experience and past success are more convincing than degrees. If you are going to leave a particularly important position to an inexperienced person, you must give a good reason.

market prediction

Should include the following:

1. Demand forecasting;

2. Overview of market forecasting market status;

3. Overview of competitors;

4. Target customers and target markets;

5. The market position of the company's products.

Marketing strategy

The understanding of market errors is one of the most important reasons for business failure.

In the business plan book, the marketing strategy should include the following:

The choice of market institutions and marketing channels;

Marketing team and management;

Promotional plans and advertising strategies;

Price decision.

Manufacturing plan

The manufacturing plan in the business plan book should include the following:

1. Status of product manufacturing and technical equipment;

2. The new product is put into production;

3. Requirements for technical upgrading and equipment renewal;

4. Quality control and quality improvement programs.

financial plan

Financial planning generally includes the following:

The focus is on the cash flow statement, the balance sheet, and the preparation of the income statement.

Liquidity is the lifeline of an enterprise. Therefore, when a company starts or expands, it needs to have a detailed plan for the liquidity and strict control in the process.

The profit and loss statement reflects the profitability of the enterprise. It is the result of the operation of the enterprise after a period of operation. The balance sheet reflects the state of the enterprise at a certain moment. The investor can use the ratio indicator obtained from the data in the balance sheet. Measure the business status of the company and the possible return on investment.

Risk and risk management

What are the basic risks of your company in terms of market, competition and technology?

How are you prepared to deal with these risks?

In your opinion, what kind of additional opportunities does your company have?

How to expand on your capital base?

How is your five-year plan performing in the best and worst situations?

If your estimate is not as accurate, you should estimate how big your error range is. If possible, do the best and worst settings for your key parameters.

Third, the preparation steps of the business plan book

Preparing for a business plan is a process that looks into the future of the project, explores the rational ideas in detail, identifies the necessary resources to implement the project, and then seeks the support you need.

It should be noted that not all entrepreneurial programs must fully include all of the above outlines. The content of entrepreneurship is different, and the difference between them is great.

The first stage: the second stage of experience learning: the third stage of entrepreneurship concept: the fourth stage of market research: drafting the plan

Entrepreneurship plan

Write the full text, add the cover, draw the entire entrepreneurial points out and write them into a summary, and then arrange the full set of entrepreneurial plans in the following order:

Market opportunities and strategies; business management; management team; financial budget;

Others are directly related to the audience; information and materials, such as founders, potential investors, and even family members and spouses.

The fifth stage: the final stage of modification

First, according to your report, make the most important thing into a 1-2 page summary, put it in front. Secondly, check that there are no mistakes such as typos, otherwise people will doubt whether you are doing things rigorously. Finally, design a beautiful cover, write the table of contents and page number, and then print and bind it into a book.

Stage 6: Inspection

It can be checked from the following aspects:

Does your business plan show that you have experience managing a company?

Does your business plan show that you have the ability to repay your loan.

Does your business plan show that you have conducted a complete market analysis?

Whether your business plan is easy to be understood by investors. Entrepreneurship plans should be indexed and cataloged so that investors can easily access the chapters. It should also ensure that the flow of information in the catalog is logical and realistic.

Whether there is a project summary in your business plan and it is at the forefront. The plan summary is equivalent to the cover of the company's business plan book, and investors will look at it first. In order to keep investors interested, the project summary should be written to be fascinating.

Is your business plan book all correct in grammar?

Whether your business plan can dispel investors' doubts about the product.

You can prepare a product model if needed.

College student entrepreneurship planning book essay

"Panzi" will be your store business management plan essay

I. Introduction

In this era of "talent for the people", in order to meet the challenges of the future, as a university student in contemporary society, in order to be able to eat in the future, we must prepare in advance and recharge ourselves.

Of course, there are many ways to exercise yourself. We can go out for an internship, or we can do some part-time work in the spare time to fill our own expenses. But in this era of strict requirements, we must focus on innovation, unique, not to mention first. Those who eat crabs must also have their own style and step on their own path. Only in this way can we adapt to the development of society and make a better contribution to Taizhou and contribute to building a harmonious society.

In today's society, college students' self-employment has become a trend for college students to develop themselves and increase their experience. This kind of behavior can not only exercise themselves, hone their will, and accumulate experience, but also relieve their parents' burdens through their own efforts. Therefore, we should continue to explore and follow this trend, and seek to meet the challenges of the future with better and more practical experience on the basis of adhering to the principle!

To this end, we intend to establish a "pointer" cheap shop, which is convenient for others, but also to meet themselves, from a larger aspect to keep up with the pace of the times and promote the development of society!

This is an era of knowledge, but this era needs talent more. As long as you are willing, there is nothing wrong with it. Believe in yourself----the road is coming out of yourself!

Second, the entrepreneurial background:

1. The changes of the times have given different meanings to contemporary college students. They have also given contemporary college students different lives and ideas. The pursuit of differences is naturally different. The continuous advancement of science and technology, the continuous improvement of living standards, and the potential of human inertia have been motivated, making some college students prefer to spend money rather than doing things themselves. Sometimes they are eager to need a “helper” to help them complete what they want to accomplish. thing.

2, some college students in order to exercise themselves, increase practical experience, do not hesitate to spend all the time outside of their spare time to participate in school activities. So many things have no way and no time to complete, but I have no choice but to imagine that I can have "divided skills."

Third, the purpose of business:

1. It is well known that on university campuses, competence is far more important than knowledge. This requires a platform for us to continuously learn, exercise and express ourselves, thereby increasing our abilities. The associations and students in the school will not be much temptation for us, so we need to start our own business to pave the way for ourselves.

2. Work-study is a thing that many of our college students want to do. It can reduce the burden on parents. Secondly, they can prove their self-reliance and growth to others. But as far as I know, the work-study that can be provided on campus. The post is very limited. This makes it possible for us to open another channel of hard work and help through our own efforts to truly be self-reliant!

Fourth, business projects and content:

1. Business content: It is mainly to help some students who have no time or are unwilling to come forward to complete their work, tasks, and interpersonal communication to fulfill their needs. As a "helper" of them, they will work hard to complete what they have requested. .

2. Main items:

Agent party planning: according to the individual needs of the required, birthday party, class dinner, men and women dating and other projects planning, and complete the task on time;

Writing a text scheme: You can write some text schemes for those who have ideas but cannot express them in words, including planning books, notices, posters, application books, etc.

Substitute items: replace some of the students who do not want to waste time on the road, and keep them on their behalf;

Communication on behalf of the university: The university is like a small society. It is easy for students and friends to make some awkward and unpleasant things. However, because of self-respect, we can’t open the door first. At this time, we can replace the need, and act as an intermediary to help communicate. Make the originally unsatisfactory relationship mediate;

To create ideas: to draw on the good experience of all parties, to provide constructive ideas for those who have difficulties in life, study, and emotional difficulties, so as to solve problems for the need.

V. Operating principles:

1. The principle of truth: treat the help-seekers with courtesy, not bullying, friendly and equal. “Customer is God” is no longer an empty preaching here, but a real feeling;

2. The principle of mutual benefit: on the basis of sincerity, to achieve equal reciprocity between the two parties;

3, the scientific principle: to ensure that the plan provided by the help-seeker, the program is scientific and reliable, and truly practical.

Sixth, service groups:

1. People who are busy with study and have no brains;

2, time is tight, help people without doors;

3. People who are innovative in their own ability and have a single individual ability.

Seven, market analysis:

1. There are no business stores in and out of the university campus. Therefore, in the market competition, we are in a relative position. But because of this, the opening of the market will face a big problem. To a certain extent, many students will have the mentality of alert, so an innovative and persuasive advertising campaign is necessary.

2. In addition, the university is originally a place where individuals are talented. The "points" are all things that come from everyone, so another problem we face is a problem that the students disdain, so we have to have prestige. With quality, truly effective "points", we must first set up a good image in order to open the market faster.

Eight, business strategy:

1. Manpower: Talents with high thinking and unique innovative ideas will enter; at the same time, personnel must have the spirit of hard work and hard work. On this basis, adopt an orderly management model;

2. Propaganda: During the opening of the business, a large number of publicity cards can be issued on the basis of the funds allowed, first attracting the public's attention and entering the dormitory to promote;

3. Operation: In order to make up for the lack of funds, it is also possible to attach a printing and copying business to the store at the same time, which not only can increase the income, but also increase the popularity to a certain extent, so that the students who come to print and copy can understand the business of the store. Scope, expand the publicity;

4. Strategy: 50% discount, free service and other services can be taken during the opening period;

5 storefront: the storefront needs to be located in an eye-catching place, the store design needs to be novel and unique, reflecting the wisdom image;

6, equipment: need two computers, printers, copiers, telephones, tables and chairs, and small office supplies.

IX. Sources and allocation of funds:

1. Source: At the beginning, adopt the shareholding system and bring your own large items such as computers; printers and copiers can purchase second-hand items first to save money.

2. Distribution:

1) Monthly basic salary allocation standard: At the end of each month, 80% of the net remaining income is distributed to employees according to the proportion of the amount of shares;

2) Monthly commission allocation standard: According to the individual acceptance project, completion project and customer satisfaction distribution, the employee's personal performance is divided into three levels: A, B and C, so as to distribute the commission.

Ten, the charging standard:

Agent party planning: according to the difficulty level of planning, the basic fee is 5 yuan, then adjust according to the difficulty, the rest pay according to customer satisfaction;

Write the text plan: pay according to the number of words, the basic fee is 2 yuan, and then adjust according to the difficulty;

Substituting items: According to the distance and the weight of the item, the basic fee is 2 yuan, and then adjusted according to the difficulty, and the custody is kept on the custody, and the custody is charged separately, an average of 1 yuan/day;

Generation communication: According to the final adjustment level and customer satisfaction, the basic fee is 2 yuan, and the first mediation fails, the second adjustment can be made free of charge until the customer is satisfied;

Generation of ideas: the basic cost of 2 yuan, if it is useless to the need, you can avoid the charge;

XI. Anticipation problems and solutions:

In the course of service, customers may be required to pay compensation for dissatisfaction. For this reason, we must adhere to the principle of “customer is God” and try to satisfy the reasonable requirements of customers;

In the course of service, this may also happen, because the dereliction of duty of the store leads to delays in the customer demand project. At this time, we must apologize to the customer and avoid the charge, and promise to serve the customer once for the next time;

Schedule:

Customer registration form

service items

Customer name

contact number

Fee

Service start and end time