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Adjusting the rural and rural economic structure and broadening the field of increasing agricultural income

On July 22nd, a group of 14 people from the "Three Rural Areas" Social Practice Group of our School of Engineering came to Zhoujia Village, Cuijiaji Town, Pingdu City to carry out the summer practice of "three rural areas". During the five days in Zhoujiacun, we carried out many activities, including gathering with primary school students, discussing with local youth, volunteering for primary school students, and investigating and researching among farmers. In the countryside, we learned a lot of things that we couldn't learn in books, and we also saw some problems. This is the first time that we college students are so keen on rural issues and think deeply about rural issues. Among them, the most concerned, and the most discussed, is the development of the rural economy.
Entering the 21st century, China will begin to implement the third-step strategic deployment, build a well-off society in an all-round way, accelerate the process of modernization, and put forward higher requirements for agriculture. Whether China's economic structure can be smoothly adjusted and whether the national economy can develop faster and better depends to a large extent on whether the agricultural foundation is stable. Only by strengthening the agricultural foundation and ensuring the supply of agricultural products can we promote industrialization and urbanization smoothly; only by strengthening the agricultural base and opening up the agricultural market can we support the rapid growth of the national economy.
The issue of agricultural benefits and peasant income is not only related to rural reform, development and stability, but also to the overall situation of national economic and social development. The Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan proposes that we must attach great importance to the issue of peasants' income and make every effort to increase farmers' incomes as the basic goal of doing a new stage of agricultural and rural work and promoting the adjustment of agriculture and rural economic structure.
"Everyday to eat" is the only means of earning a living for Chinese peasants for generations, but with the development of the times, this way obviously cannot meet the needs of the times. After the agricultural development enters a new stage, agricultural production is constrained by resources and markets, and market risks increase. Under the background of economic globalization, China's agriculture will face greater competitive pressure. According to the thought of Comrade Jiang Zemin's "Three Represents", the two committees of Zhoujiacun made a fuss about adjusting the structure of agriculture and rural economy and broadening the income of farmers to increase farmers' income. Attracting foreign capital and introducing advanced foreign technology, leading the villagers On the road to becoming rich, in the case of changes in the relationship between supply and demand of products and intensified market competition, it is necessary to adjust the variety structure of agricultural products, to market, and rely on science and technology to further strengthen the introduction, breeding, breeding and promotion of high-quality varieties. Eliminate and compress inferior varieties as soon as possible, comprehensively optimize the variety structure of crops, and develop high-quality, high-yield and high-efficiency planting. They contacted the villagers to feed South Korea's breeding peppers and watermelons, 2,000 yuan/mu of pepper, 4,000 yuan/mu of watermelon, and 5,000 yuan of zucchini. / acre, around the village also weighed 5,000 persimmon trees, each tree income of more than 200 yuan, the annual per capita income of 3,800 yuan.
Although such a great achievement has been achieved, the two committees of the village have not stood still. They clearly know that "the land is also planted like this. If we want to develop the rural economy, we must find a way to go to the project." I think To broaden the field of increasing agricultural income and increasing farmers' income, we must also find ways to do the following three points:
Developing agricultural socialization services
Encourage farmers to serve organizational innovation, foster brokers, strengthen agricultural quality standards system, agricultural product quality inspection and inspection system and market information system, accelerate the formulation or revision of agricultural industry standards and important agricultural product quality standards, promote the adoption of international standards, and create a batch of agricultural products. Standardized production demonstration base. Strengthen the construction of the rural market system, and plan to build or expand a number of agricultural and sideline products wholesale markets and technology, labor and other factor markets. Do a good job in agricultural services, vigorously promote excellent varieties, guide farmers to develop high-quality and efficient economic crops; do a good job in science and technology education and training for farmers, organize technical personnel to go deep into farmers, and provide technical guidance and services to farmers in a timely manner.
Vigorously promote agricultural industrialization
Agricultural industrialization is an effective way to promote scale management and agricultural modernization on the basis of adhering to household contract management, and is also an important driving force for accelerating the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure.
1. Encourage the adoption of various forms such as company plus farmers and order farming. It is necessary to adopt preferential policies in finance, taxation, credit, etc. to support the development of key leading enterprises. We will provide services to leading enterprises in terms of information, technology and capital, support leading enterprises in building agricultural production, processing and export bases, introduce, develop and promote new varieties and technologies, and support agricultural products processing enterprises, sales enterprises and scientific research units to drive farmers. Enter the market and form an operating mechanism for sharing benefits and sharing risks with farmers. Rationally adjust the regional distribution of agricultural production, develop characteristic agriculture, and form a large-scale and specialized production pattern. Promote agricultural mechanization, increase labor productivity, and reduce agricultural production costs.
2. Improve the processing level and benefits of agricultural products. The transformation of agricultural products is mainly the development of animal husbandry and aquaculture. At present, the level of China's agricultural product processing industry is still very low. Through the use of high technology, deep processing of primary products can be implemented, and it can also provide a very broad market space for the growth of agricultural products. It is necessary to speed up the introduction and development of agricultural product processing technology and equipment, develop industries such as sales, storage, transportation and preservation of agricultural products, actively promote the transformation and processing of primary agricultural products, and continuously develop famous, excellent, special and new varieties, and do a good job in breeding fine varieties.
3. Expand opening up and develop foreign exchange earning agriculture. During the "10th Five-Year Plan" period, China will join the WTO and take this opportunity to do everything possible to introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and management experience to promote the optimization and upgrading of China's agricultural product structure. We will build a foreign exchange earning base for agricultural products, and focus on supporting and expanding the export of labor-intensive industries, specialty products and organic foods such as livestock, poultry, aquatic products, fruits, vegetables, flowers and processed products. It plans to organize labor export and participate in foreign agricultural development and water conservancy project contracting.
Actively and orderly transfer rural surplus labor
Promoting the rural surplus labor gradually shifting from planting to multi-business, township enterprises and small towns is the only way to improve agricultural labor productivity, and it is also an objective need to make full use of rural labor resources and increase farmers' income through multiple channels.
1. Enter the depth and breadth of agriculture. To guide farmers to engage in non-agricultural industries, we must base on the advantages of local resources, focus on the development of processing, storage, preservation, transportation and marketing of agricultural and sideline products, accelerate the transformation of traditional industries, and actively develop labor-intensive industries such as commerce, transportation, food service, and tourism. .
2. Develop individual and private enterprises and township enterprises. Through deepening reforms and improving mechanisms, fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of investors and operators, guiding township and village enterprises to speed up the adjustment of industrial and product structure, accelerating scientific and technological progress and institutional innovation, actively developing high-tech industries and famous, excellent, special and new products, and accelerating The transfer of surplus rural labor will improve the technological level and competitiveness of township enterprises.
3. Accelerate the development of small towns. Small towns are the base for transferring farmers and are the carriers of the secondary and tertiary industries. They have a powerful driving effect on increasing farmers' income. We will selectively cultivate a number of key central market towns, and strive to make breakthroughs in urban investment systems and land use system reforms, making small towns an important growth point for rural economic development.
4. Encourage, support and organize farmers to carry out labor export. We will adopt various forms to organize rural surplus labor through various channels, work in large cities and open coastal cities, and accelerate the transfer of rural labor to non-agricultural industries.
Although the "three going to the countryside" activity has long since ended, it has left us with a lot of thoughts, so that those of us who read "the sages of the sages" are also beginning to care about "outside the window." It reminds us all the time that in the vast rural areas where there are more than 900 million peasants, there are still many problems of one kind or another. The economy there is still not developed enough. The political system there is not perfect enough. We need these college students very much. For the prosperity of the motherland, for the overall improvement of the people's living standards, for the rapid development of the rural economy, do your part and make a contribution that you should make!

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