College students winter holiday bank practice papers

During the winter vacation, I went to the Industrial and Commercial Bank of Rushan City, Shandong Province, and practiced some problems.

First: the bank's stay and bad debt rate is too high. According to the Basel Accord, the capital adequacy ratio is 8%, and the bank has reached 48%. The main reason for the investigation is that the bank's loan recovery rate is very low. In the past few years, the state-owned enterprises accumulated in the previous years have been in arrears with the old accounts. In the process of reforming state-owned enterprises, the banks were affected by the previous years, and they did not dare to lend too much. The bad debt rate was too high, making the banks afraid to lend blindly. Unsecured credit loans, credit currency creation system is largely suppressed. Everyone knows that banks are the core of the economy, and the core is blocked. It will inevitably curb the development of economic sectors, such as insurance and securities industries. It will also adversely affect state-owned enterprises. Reform, and form a vicious circle, of course, there are solutions. First of all, at the source, the most important thing is to solve the reforms of large, medium and small-sized enterprises, and the specific measures for reform. It is necessary for local governments at all levels to adapt to local conditions, learn from the successful experience of some enterprises, and hire professional economists and consultants. Enterprises reassess, inspect, find solutions and measures, enterprises are the most crucial part of the solution, state-owned enterprises have been reformed, and the problem of reinstated laid-off workers has been solved naturally. Workers have money, consumption is naturally strong, and domestic demand is naturally easy to solve. The economic growth rate has naturally increased, and the bank's loans can naturally be repaid.

Second: private enterprise loans are difficult to implement. With the implementation of mortgage loans and mortgage loans, housing and car loans are in full swing, mainly due to the guarantee of property rights. Exceeding the creditor's rights, when the lender is unable to repay the loan, the bank has the right to dispose of the collateral, so that the bank naturally increases the loan strength and actively lends money. It is natural for the housing and car loan in China to increase rapidly. The development of industries related to automobiles, steel and building materials has played a positive role in promoting. However, this does not solve the fundamental problem of excessive bank bad debt rate and high operational risk. After all, the number of loans is limited and the scale is small. Now Sunan and Zhejiang are popular in lending to private enterprises, and banks around the world actively learn from experience. It may not seem feasible:

1. There are good private enterprise management atmospheres in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. There are very few small and medium-sized state-owned enterprises. Many people are willing to be private bosses. In addition, personal credit is high, and bank credit loans can be repaid in time, but whether other regions have this The atmosphere is hard to say.

2. Among the four major factors of microeconomics, labor, land, capital, and entrepreneurial talents are difficult to define. That is to say, when deciding a certain loan, who is more talented? Only when the enterprise develops to a certain scale and has a tendency to expand upwards, or if the entrepreneur has a high reputation before, the bank is likely to issue it. However, how is this situation defined? It can be said that there are many difficulties, and rent-seeking behaviors often occur, resulting in low efficiency of money supply and unfair competition. Moreover, the elimination rate of private enterprises is too high, but the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions are different. As I said before, there are already good legends in that place, not to mention the large private enterprises. "Wenzhou mode" and "Southern mode", which made me think of economists quickly, not only to carry out some qualitative analysis, but more importantly, to design some practical quantitative analysis.

In the above example, if a standard system conforming to the reality of China is established, including the assessment of the future of the enterprise, the evaluation of the individual talents of the entrepreneur, and the evaluation of the reputation of the entrepreneur, the evaluation of the evaluation is similar to that of the developed countries in the West. Parameters, and many economists only do a general discussion, but do not do more sophisticated, more detailed, more detailed calculations, surveys, I think this is also an important reason why economics is not as practical as mathematics and physics in life.