Summer Report on the Practice of College Students in Summer

Summer Social Practice Report for College Students:

"Peasant", this special title, has been destined to form a deep friendship with the land since its birth. The establishment of the great People's Republic of China in 1949 has enabled the peasants to become the masters of exploitation and oppression for thousands of years. Today, when the historical annual rings entered the reform and opening up, the political status and living conditions of the peasants have been greatly improved and improved. But we must also see that China, as a developing country, still has some problems while achieving amazing development speed and reform results.
Located in the Shanxi Province of the Yellow River Basin, farmers have a serious surplus of production, while the coal resources are abundant and the land is relatively infertile. Therefore, the coal industry was once the pillar industry. For a long time, a large number of farmers joined the ranks of coal workers. . Datong Mining Bureau, Yangquan Mining Bureau, Minxi Mining Bureau and other state-owned industries, the three giants, there are huge branches, and many other small coal mines, collecting a large number of farmers nearby employment, engaged in coal mining Digging and transporting, therefore, coal has made a huge contribution to the solution of agricultural surplus population in Shanxi Province.
Due to the poor planning of the previous mining, coupled with the indiscriminate mining of illegal small coal kiln, the coal resources are increasingly scarce, and the importance of environmental protection is increasingly prominent. The sales volume of raw coal has plummeted. The projects and enterprises that have deep processing coal have not yet been established. Therefore, the development of the coal industry was seriously frustrated. A large number of formal workers were laid off, temporary workers and contract workers returned to work in agriculture, and the ranks of farmers were expanded. However, the situation of the land has not changed much, and the problem of overpopulation has re-emerged.
Under such a background and situation, this summer, I specially conducted an investigation into the income level and living conditions of farmers in the eastern and southern areas of my hometown, Pingyao, and found two major factors that plagued farmers.
One of them is natural disasters, mainly droughts and hail. It is no exaggeration to describe our Jinzhong area with "10 years and nine droughts". In the nearly two months from late June to mid-August, dripping rain did not fall in most parts of Pingyao County. This period is a crucial period for the growth of crops such as sorghum. The high price of irrigation water has made the farmers deterred, and they have to watch the crops turn yellow and even die. Some peasants are reluctant to put the time and energy of the previous period to the east, so they have to pay for the water to fertilize and fertilize. This is just to ensure that there is a little bit of gain in the fall, in fact, there is no profit at all. After the investigation, I made the following calculations: The crops in a season are matured at least twice, and the cost is 14 yuan per hour. Under normal circumstances, irrigation is required for 4 hours per acre. In this way, the water fee per acre is about 115 yuan. In addition, about 20 kg of fertilizer per acre, 1.6 yuan per catty; when drought and insects, pesticides cost about 25 yuan per mu, a total of 180 yuan per mu. If the product is taken out for sale, such as soybeans, the yield per mu is about 150 kilograms, about 2 yuan per kilogram, and the income is only 300 yuan. Remove farmland fees, seed fees, transportation fees, agricultural taxes, etc., into the farmers' pockets no more than 30 yuan. Therefore, the hard work of the peasants is basically unpaid work. What's more, there are fewer people, and the food produced can only be consumed by itself, and there is no need to exchange money.