Talking about the Development of Rural Human Resources in Underdeveloped Areas

Talking about the Development of Rural Human Resources in Underdeveloped Areas

The Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee put forward "to adhere to the people-oriented principle, establish a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development concept, and promote the all-round development of the economy, society and people." Today, the whole party and the whole society pay attention to the development and utilization of talents. How to seize opportunities in developed regions, promote the development and utilization of rural human resources, promote rural economic development, and effectively improve the living standards of farmers are new issues that we face and need to be explored in practice.

1. The importance and urgency of rural human resource development in underdeveloped areas

The importance and urgency of rural human resource development in underdeveloped areas mainly lies in: first, to change the status of economic backwardness, and urgently need to innovate in human resources development; second, to change the low quality of rural talents and the lack of talents, and urgently need to accelerate talent development. The third step is to break the old talent concept in rural areas and urgently need to improve the efficiency of human resource development. Although the economy of underdeveloped areas is relatively backward, there are many factors, but the poor development of human resources is undoubtedly an important factor. On the one hand, if the economy is backward, it will inevitably affect the development of human resources. On the other hand, due to the poor development of human resources, it will inevitably affect the development of the economy. Therefore, while vigorously developing the economy of underdeveloped regions, it is a major measure to promote the economic development of underdeveloped regions by improving the development of human resources in underdeveloped regions.

2. Problems existing in the development of rural human resources in underdeveloped areas

According to the relevant information, the ten modernization standards determined by the World Bank have been squandered by Xin, and the smashing of the swords has been circumvented. (17) Purchases? Mei (17) Gu 缴 牟罹 畲螅 畲螅 锵 锵 缴 缴The implementation of 曜嫉?/SPAN>10.7% and 26.3%; secondly, the "non-agricultural employment population" and "urbanization level" two standards, only about 60%. It is easy to see that there are many factors in the gap, but the key factor is that China's vast rural areas are developing slowly, especially in underdeveloped areas. The most important issue is that the low quality of the rural labor force seriously restricts the further development of China's rural economy. The main problems are as follows:

1. Laborers engaged in agriculture in rural areas are generally poorly educated and have poor scientific and cultural qualities. Take Jinyun County as an example: At present, the county has a population of 435,300, of which peasant population is 396,600, rural labor force is 227,300, migrant workers are 55,000, farmers' per capita income is 2,362 yuan, and short-term training is 20%. Only 10% of education, training or education, 4.5% of those who have received secondary technical education, and about 5% of rural peers can enter secondary school. A large number of young and middle-aged farmers do not receive vocational and technical education. It is impossible to play its due role in the countryside.

2. There is a lack of organization in rural human resource development, which is at a low-level and spontaneous stage. At present, the development of human resources in rural areas is far from enough, and there is no strong organization. Its development is still in a low-level, primitive and spontaneous stage. There is still a misunderstanding of human resources, and the relationship between human resources and material sauce is not fully recognized. The dual economic structure is obvious, there are still institutional obstacles in the flow of rural human resources, and the flow has not yet reached the "free" state; the abundant and low quality of rural human resources limits the development of rural areas, farmers and agriculture.

3. The development of rural human resources is too small at the grassroots level, the network is not perfect, and the technology is less to the front line. Judging from the situation in Jinyun County, the rural science and education system is “net, scattered, and short”. The real science and education network has not been established, and there is no main channel at all. Although agricultural science and technology achievements have been developed, technology has not been converted into productivity. The main problem is that rural human resources development has not reached the front line of production. There are few people who have been engaged in rural adult re-education and technology renewal training for a long time. The township agricultural technology station has not played a very good role. Most of the peasants lived a life of "sunrise and sunset", and almost never asked to learn.

4. The quality of management is poor. Due to the long-term influence of the planned economy and the small-scale peasant economy, coupled with the low level of education, the farmers' management quality is poor, the market awareness is relatively weak, the information acceptance and feedback ability is weak, and the ability to adapt and participate in the market is poor. Most farmers have not received education and training on agricultural management and management, and have no basic knowledge of agricultural management, so it is difficult to adapt to the needs of modern agricultural development and participation in international competition.

Third, the countermeasures and suggestions for the development of rural human resources in underdeveloped areas

Human resource development is a social system project. It is necessary to use system theory to grasp the composition of human resources and its formation rules as a whole, and comprehensively improve the capabilities of rural human resources. Only by systematically developing rural human resources can we tap the enormous talent resources potential of the vast number of peasants, thus providing strong talent support for rural development by leaps and bounds.

1. Governments at all levels should raise awareness of the important significance of rural human resources development in the new century, actively explore ways to accelerate the development of human resources in underdeveloped regions, and always develop rural labor as an optimized economic structure and promote coordinated urban and rural development. Important measures to catch. First, we must do a good job in scientific planning. On the basis of investigation and research, and on the basis of finding out the basis, we will make rational planning for the labor force in the region and formulate a target plan in each year. Second, we must strengthen organizational services and provide protection. Take effective measures, raise funds from various sources, formulate practical systems and policies, strengthen leadership, establish and improve corresponding organization networks, coordinate and implement them, and obtain strong policy and administrative support for rural human resources development.

2. Accelerate the construction of rural social insurance system and effectively improve the level of rural human resources protection. Due to the institutional obstacles in the urban-rural dual structure, the majority of farmers still cannot obtain the same social security as the urban people. At the end of 2003, the number of farmers participating in Jinyun County was 42,000, the coverage rate was only 10%, and the per capita premium was less than 200 yuan; the number of regular pensions was only 97, and the monthly per capita pension was 0.9 yuan. Farmers still rely on land security and traditional child support, and the real social pension system has not yet formed, which is a huge obstacle to the rural development by leaps and bounds. It is imperative to implement the reform of the old-age security system in rural areas. The specific practices are as follows: first, establish a nursing home and implement centralized support; second, implement social insurance that is burdened by the state and individuals; it is to implement rural medical insurance. Under the conditions permit, other social insurance such as unemployment insurance, work injury insurance, and maternity insurance will be gradually implemented, so that the social security level of rural human resources will be effectively improved.

3. Actively develop rural vocational and technical education, various forms of professional technology, skills, knowledge and cultural training courses in various forms and channels. It is an important measure to effectively carry out rural human resources in accordance with the principle of “facing the countryside, facing farmers, and facing agriculture”.

4. Strive to build a professional and socialized team of professional and technical personnel to comprehensively improve the scientific and innovative capabilities of rural professional and technical personnel. According to the characteristics of Jinyun County's economic development, we will focus on cultivating a group of specialized talents that are urgently needed by agriculture. Such as high-altitude green food production, Jinyun Ma duck production technology, bamboo products technology, etc. all need a group of technical and technical professionals. It is necessary to select talents in an unconventional manner, actively explore the title reform, adhere to the ability, focus on performance, not only academic qualifications, not only qualifications, and break through the identity restrictions, and rank the titles of “Tian Xiucai” and “earth experts” who are active in the front line of production. Really do a good job of "developing a group of local talents, cultivating a group of leading industries, and getting rich people".

5. Break the traditional urban and rural economic structure and transfer rural labor through multiple channels. Strengthen the exchange of information between the government and farmers, expand the opening up, encourage the flexible flow of talents through the implementation of the personnel agency system, establish a rural talent residence permit system, unblock the “green channel” of exporting and introducing talents, and promote rural surplus labor to non-agricultural Industrial Transfer. Government departments should actively guide and work hard to develop the path of labor export. At the same time, they should start from the aspects of management system, policies and regulations, public opinion atmosphere and logistics support to create a more favorable environment for rural labor transfer.