Project manager’s experience

Part 1: Project Manager's Experience in Safety Production Management

I have been involved in project management for nearly ten years. I have experienced various things in my work over the years. I have learned the lesson and gained experience. Combining my experience, I have summarized eight words. Implementation, you are insisting."
The Shanghai Chongming River Crossing Project is located in the eastern part of Shanghai. The project covers the 5th Ditch of Waigaoqiao East, Pudong New Area, Shanghai. It plans the Wuzhou Avenue--Feidong Avenue Interchange, crossing the Nangang Port of the Yangtze River Estuary, and passing through the new port and land area of ​​Changxing Island. It runs from Beigang in the Yangtze River estuary to the west of Yanjiagang in Chenjia Town, Chongming Island. It consists of the Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel Project and the Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge Project. Among them, the starting point of the Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel Project is connected with the A30 interchange, and the tunnel from Vietnam to Changxing Island is connected with the starting point of the Beigang Bridge Engineering Route; the Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge Project connects Panyuan Interchange and Panyuan Highway on Changxing Island. Cross-planning roundabout North Road, spanning the Beigang waters of the Yangtze River estuary to the end of Chenjia Town, Chongming Island.
The B4 section is located on both sides of the main navigation bridge of Beigang. The span combination is 85m+5×105m+90, with a total of two double frames, which is located in the central area of ​​Beigang water surface.
I am the project manager of the B4 standard steel beam anti-corrosion coating project. The project was processed at the Shenjiawan Island Processing Base in Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, and then shipped to the Hai Chongming construction site for water installation.
Below I combine this project to talk about the personal experience of the project manager's safety production management.
1 Safety technical measures for construction preparation
All the admission workers should carry out "three-level" safety technical education and cross-level implementation, implement all safety technical measures and personal protective equipment, and do not carry out construction without implementation. Safety technology should be submitted before the start of construction of each sub-project.
Implement on-site construction personnel to hold certificates: Project managers, management personnel, inspection and test personnel, surveyors, and special operations personnel on the construction site must be certified to work. Pre-employment training and assessment for all construction workers. It is confirmed by the General Office of the Project Department. Implement construction plans for construction machinery, safety equipment and protective equipment. Handle employee accident insurance. Inspection and acceptance of safety facilities, equipment and protective equipment; development of various safety management systems and organization of learning.
2 Safety technical measures for site layout
Set safety signs and equip and erect safety signs around the project site.
The layout of the construction site is in compliance with the safety regulations for fire prevention, anti-virus, explosion-proof, anti-Taiwan, lightning protection and civilized construction. The production, living office space, warehouse, material storage yard, parking lot, construction workshop, etc. at the construction site shall be approved. The general floor plan is arranged.
The construction and living areas of the site must be equipped with sufficient fire water sources and fire-fighting facilities. Fire-fighting equipment should be managed by a special person. It is necessary to form a voluntary fire brigade of 5-10 people. All construction personnel should be familiar with and master. The performance and use of fire fighting equipment.
The fire safety distance of all kinds of warehouses, storage sheds, material yards, etc. shall comply with the regulations of the state or public security departments. No flammable materials shall be piled up indoors; smoking in construction sites, materials warehouses, paint warehouses, etc. is strictly prohibited; Things should be removed at any time, and it is strictly forbidden to pile up in or near a place where there is a fire.
The temporary power consumption at the construction site shall be strictly implemented in accordance with the provisions of the “Safety Technical Specifications for Temporary Electricity Use at Construction Sites”.
3 Construction safety technical measures
The installation, maintenance and dismantling of power supply lines and electrical equipment at the construction site shall be carried out by professionals. Install the line and equipment in strict accordance with the relevant regulations. The grounding wire shall be installed for the electrical equipment. Unqualified electrical equipment is strictly forbidden.
The on-site lighting wires are well insulated and the wires must not be pulled or tied to the scaffolding. The metal enclosure of the luminaire must be connected to zero. The outdoor lighting fixtures are not less than 3m from the ground, and the indoors are not less than 2.4m from the ground.
The distribution box and switch box use BD type standard electric box. The switchgear in the electric box must be intact, the wiring is correct, the leakage protector is set in the electric box, and the reasonable rated leakage current is used for classification matching. The distribution box is set with the total fuse, sub-switch, power and illumination. The metal case is grounded or zeroed. The switch box and the electrical equipment implement one machine, one gate and one protection. It is strictly forbidden to have two voltage levels of 380V and 220V in the same mobile switch box.
The overhead line must be placed on a dedicated pole. It is strictly prohibited to be placed on the scaffolding. The overhead line is equipped with crossarms and insulators. The overhead line is more than 4m above the ground and the motorway is more than 6m.
The grounding resistance is in compliance with the regulations. The main box and the distribution box must have repeated grounding.
The installation, maintenance or dismantling of temporary power projects must be completed by an electrician. The electrician must be certified to work, implement a regular inspection system, and make inspection records.
Power distribution rooms, workshops, and warehouses have protective measures and complete fire-fighting equipment.
Strengthen the monitoring and inspection work for the electrical equipment that is inflammable, explosive, and dangerous goods storage places, and immediately rectify the problems.
Implement secondary leakage protection for mobile equipment and lighting. And often inspect, repair and maintenance.
Large-scale electrical equipment, large-scale equipment, etc. at the construction site, with special personnel for maintenance and management.
Electricians must be on duty for two nights. In special cases, when necessary, they must be equipped with necessary safety equipment, take reliable safety measures, and designate a professional to monitor. Common common problems in construction electricity must be eliminated.
4 Safety technical measures for construction machinery
All kinds of mechanical operators must hold the operation certificate, and the operator is not allowed to operate the machinery that does not conform to the operation certificate; the mechanical equipment is not allowed to be handed over to the operation without the operation permit, and the mechanical operation personnel should establish the file and manage it by special personnel. Construction equipment such as air compressors, sand blasting machines, arc spraying equipment, high-pressure airless spraying machines, power supplies, air purification devices and other supporting devices, safety and normal operation check before operation, to regulate operation, regular inspection.
The operator must follow the instructions in this manual and strictly follow the pre-work inspection system and the inspection and maintenance system after work observation and work, so as to: pre-work inspection, work observation, and post-work maintenance.
When the mechanical equipment is parked at the construction site, choose a safe parking place, and there should be a special person at night. The machine started with the handle should pay attention to the handle reversed and hurt people. When refueling the machine, it is strictly prohibited to fire. It is strictly forbidden to carry out maintenance, maintenance adjustment and other operations on the running mechanical equipment.
Commanding construction machinery operators must stand in a safe and secure location and clearly specify the command and communication signals.
Regularly organize mechanical and electrical equipment and vehicle safety inspections, investigate and deal with safety problems detected during inspections, and conduct precautionary measures to prevent mechanical accidents according to the principle of “three not letting go”.
Construction machinery operators must be employed with valid documents. Safety devices must be complete, sensitive and reliable.
Use of medium and small machinery: The project department assigns the equipment maintenance manager to be responsible for the acceptance work before the mechanical use, and usually check the mechanical operation. Small and medium-sized mechanical operators must be certified with valid certificates. Set up mechanical protective sheds according to regulations. The mechanical equipment is grounded or connected to zero, and the random switch is sensitive and reliable. Supervise the mechanical operators to do regular inspection, maintenance and repair work, and keep a record of operation and maintenance. The protective devices of mechanical equipment must be complete and effective, and it is strictly forbidden to operate with disease. For fixed mechanical equipment and hand-held mobile power tools, secondary leakage protection must be implemented. Medium and small machinery must be fixed, fixed, and fixed.
5 Fire fighting measures
The fire protection management system shall be established and implemented at the construction site, which shall be the overall responsibility of the project manager and shall be managed by the safety officer.
Flammable items such as paints and thinners should be placed in special warehouses, equipped with fire-fighting facilities such as fire extinguishers and fire-fighting sand boxes. Fireworks are strictly prohibited.
The fire protection facilities that meet the fire protection requirements are set at the construction site and kept in a good standby state. Smoking is prohibited at the paint painting site and nearby areas.
All site personnel should strengthen safety education and understand the necessary fire prevention and fire fighting knowledge.
Fire signs are set on site, and no one may move the signs and fire facilities without permission.
6 Safety measures for water, wind and typhoon construction
The project department set up a hydrometeorological information center and signed a cooperation agreement with the meteorological department to timely grasp the weather and marine hydrological data in the near and medium term as the basis for project planning, organization and production.
Keep in touch with the meteorological department every day and pass the information to the deputy manager of the project in charge of the production as an important material for daily scheduling and production.
Make daily weather records, tide level observations, and provide information for construction organizations.
The construction technology of the superstructure of this project is complex and requires the understanding, support and cooperation of all parties, and it must have a sense of advancement in the coordination work. As a construction unit, we will consider the construction plan, including the water area, construction time, safety measures, and waterway setting, in advance, and consult with relevant departments as soon as possible.
Obey the water construction discipline. The construction procedures on the water are complete, first report, post-construction, and the construction permit for large-scale individual projects. Within the waters of the bridge area, other operations outside the scope of the construction waters shall be carried out after obtaining the consent of the written report to the port supervisor.
Safety education for engineering vessels, hired ship barges and outsourced fleets. Do not encroach on the channel and set a signal light in the section as required to indicate the channel and construction scope.
Closely contact the meteorological department to take preventive measures and prevent wind measures in advance, before the arrival of typhoons and strong winds. The offshore work boat enters the sheltered shelter to avoid the wind.
There are two aspects to the safety of temporary construction. First, the impact of typhoon must be considered in the design; second, reinforcement measures should be taken before the arrival of the typhoon.
The Engineering and Technology Department has formulated the "Safety Rules for the Use and Maintenance of Typhoon Seasonal Machinery" and made technical disclosure before installation; the Safety and Quality Management Department proposed the safety protection facilities plan and the procurement of materials and machinery.
Each operation team takes reinforcement measures before the arrival of the typhoon. After the construction, the self-inspection report is submitted to the safety and quality management department. The safety and quality management department organizes inspection and acceptance according to the Mechanical Equipment Control Program.
The project department fully cooperates with the local departments to do a good job of flood control; the water vessel pays attention to the ferry and strengthens the anchor system; the navigation area is set up in the construction area to ensure the safety of the passing vessels; the water structure is provided with the crossing safety facilities.
The head of the project department is on duty 24 hours a day, and the telephone room is assigned to be on duty; all temporary facilities built on the construction site and in the dormitory must be solid and firm, and effectively resist the typhoon; be sure to maintain and close the construction site before the typhoon comes. , fixed and construction personnel resettlement work. All outdoor construction personnel should stop working and return to a safe protective place.
7 Anti-corrosion coating engineering safety measures
Technical training and safety and technical education will be provided to the employees who have obtained the post-qualification certificate before they can be employed. All construction personnel must abide by the company's "Safety Production Practices for Painting Construction."
There are a number of security personnel responsible for the safety of the construction site, daily safety inspections on the construction site, timely detection of unsafe hidden dangers, implementation of safety measures, and correction of violations.
Proper use of personal protective equipment and safety equipment must be worn in the workpiece and on the bottom of the workpiece. It is forbidden to wear slippers or bare feet to enter the construction site. If it is more than 2 meters away from the ground, it must be operated according to the “Safety Regulations for Work Safety” in the “Safety Production Specifications for Painting Construction”.
Non-construction units may not enter the painting factory without permission to prevent accidental injury. Non-workers who have been allowed to enter the painting plant shall obey the instructions of the staff, and shall not move without permission, and it is strictly forbidden to touch all kinds of equipment.
Scaffolding, protective equipment, safety signs and warning signs on the construction site shall not be dismantled. The need to dismantle is subject to the approval of the site safety officer.
Handling and power tools for rust removal, spray rust removal and removal of old coatings are safe before painting, in accordance with GB7692.
In the painting process, the technical requirements for labor safety and hygiene such as storage, paint preparation, painting and drying shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB6514, and the painting area, fire danger zone and electrical riot zone shall be divided according to the standard.
The safe operation of the aluminum spray equipment, the safety of the operators and the ventilation shall comply with the provisions of GB11375.
Raw materials must be placed in a dedicated warehouse to take fire and anti-theft measures. All raw materials must be taken with you and must not be stored at the construction site.
The insulation of electrical equipment and wiring must be good and checked by electricians. The internal lighting of steel structural parts adopts 36V low-voltage running lights to ensure safe use of electricity; in case of sudden emergency, the staff should first cut off the main power supply or the main valve of the gas source.
The pressure vessel shall be operated and maintained in strict accordance with the operation and maintenance requirements of the pressure vessel in the “Safety Production Practice for Anti-corrosion Construction” to prevent illegal operation.
The painting working surface is set with 4 sets of corresponding fire extinguishers per 100 square meters; the construction site lighting uses miner's lamps and low-pressure explosion-proof bulbs.
The construction personnel fully understand the physical and chemical data of flash point, spontaneous ignition point, explosion limit and dangerous goods of anti-corrosion coating products and supporting thinners. Cotton yarns and abrasive cloths with solvents and coatings should be placed in a covered iron box and should not be thrown away.
Before the painting operation, the site cleaning and isolation measures should be done, and the explosion-proof exhaust fan should be prepared to ensure the air circulation during the construction process. Submit the application form for spraying construction to Party A, and the construction can be carried out after approval by Party A.
Construction workers are strictly forbidden to bring flammable materials such as lighters, matches, cigarettes, etc. into the construction site to prevent fire.
Construction workers wear cotton overalls, and it is strictly forbidden to wear chemical fiber clothing to avoid static sparks.
Cleaning and servicing the console and gun is not permitted without shutting down the entire system, including powering down. The spray gun should be cleaned frequently to avoid accumulation of metal dust.
Construction site, material warehouse, no smoking sign, no fireworks, and adequate fire-fighting facilities such as fire extinguishers.
When sandblasting and aluminum spraying, the construction operator should do their own protection to prevent and avoid damage to the human body caused by high-speed spraying materials.
Construction workers are strictly prohibited from drinking alcohol during the day, and the construction site is closed to play and play.
Seat workers must wear seat belts and safety helmets, and safety covers and safety ropes should be set on the construction work surface.
The working tire frame of the construction workshop and the site should be stable and reliable. Safety cards and buckles should be designed to ensure that the workpiece does not slip during the construction process.
Equipped with engineering emergency vehicles, contact with the rescue center, epidemic prevention station, fire department and other departments where the construction site is located to prevent accidents and prevent accidents.
8 Arc Spray Safety Technology and Safety Protection
Personnel engaged in arc spraying shall comply with the provisions of this chapter in addition to the general safety technology and labor protection regulations. Before the arc spraying operation, the site cleaning and isolation measures shall be taken, and the construction application form shall be submitted to Party A, which may be constructed after being approved by Party A.
Operators must be familiar with safety technology knowledge about live equipment.
When spraying, set the explosion-proof exhaust fan at both ends, and there is a way to achieve the purpose of circulating air.
Guns and parts are not allowed to contain grease or other flammable organic substances.
The compressed air must be separated from oil and water and the oil water separator should be inspected.
Operators should wear long-tube air-supply protective masks, goggles, leather gloves and overalls, and the operation site should be well ventilated.
Special attention should be paid to toxic substances such as aluminum and its oxides. Pay attention to anti-virus protection. Construction workers must wear protective masks, glasses, overalls, gloves and other protective equipment. Oxygen bags are on site.
The operator must not face the spray airflow; after the spraying operation is completed, the clothes should be washed and then eaten or returned.
Food and beverage should not be placed in the workplace.
The pressure vessel used in the construction shall have the manufacturer's production license, certificate of conformity, license for use, etc., and shall be assigned to use, maintain and maintain; the pressure vessel shall be in a dry, ventilated, non-corrosive atmosphere or other sources of corrosion. It is forbidden to stack all kinds of sundries within 1.5 meters around the container. All kinds of oil storage and flammable operation should be more than 5 meters away from the container. Professional management personnel should conduct regular inspections and take timely measures to find problems. After the work is finished, the gas and water in the container should be drained clean.
I personally believe that the key to safe and civilized construction during the construction process is the artificial management and necessary safety production facilities. The implementation of the layers, the responsibility to the people, in the process of implementation without discount, the rewards and punishments are clear, adhere to the daily arrangements, each stage of the arrangement until the end of the project. To sum up with one of my words, it is "to implement, you are insisting!"

Part 2: Project Manager Management Experience

First, the project should be managed as a whole, and the beginning and the end
The whole project should start with the overall project plan. In the whole process of the project, it must always be executed according to the project plan. If there is a change in the project, the impact analysis should be carried out. After the approval, the change plan should be formulated and changed according to the change. Painting execution. The impact of the change, such as: cost, time schedule, etc., should inform the relevant project stakeholders, explain the reasons for the change and the impact.
The first and last work of the project is also an important task in project management. It is necessary to organize and archive the archives generated during the project process; audit and audit the cost and progress of the project, and verify and accept the quality of the project; summarize and exchange the advantages and disadvantages of the whole process of the project.
Change plans are often encountered in software projects. To control the changes of the software project, it is first necessary to determine the starting target of the project. The user needs of the benchmark are clear to determine which changes are needed. Otherwise, the changed things are mixed with the things that are required at the beginning, and the change plan cannot be made, and the boundaries of the changes are not clear.
A project that I have done, started to capture the market and get the contract as soon as possible. Under the condition that the user's needs have not been provided in detail, the contract was signed with the user. Later, not only the cost is limited, but even the time is not enough. In the meantime, the user side always changes the functions and requirements of the software. Because there is no base point, we think it is to change the demand and new features, and the user side thinks it is the scope of the contract, so it can not increase the cost and time. At the beginning of this project, it seems that we have signed the contract and we have taken the initiative. In fact, the demand is not clear, so that we have been passive in the course of the subsequent projects.
Therefore, the project must be planned from the beginning to find out the goals. Only the clear objectives of the project, reasonable time, cost, manpower and other resources, and control of project changes, are the basic conditions to ensure the smooth completion of the project.
Second, the project scope management theory solves the problem of unclear demand at the beginning of the project.
Demand management is a problem in project-wide management because it is actually a prerequisite for all management principles in the development process. Software development can be carried out in a planned and orderly manner only if the objectives of the development are clearly expressed and understood. In fact, there is no need for documentation, and it is very likely that product and requirements will deviate before and after the development work is completed. The principles involved in planning, tracking, configuration management, and software quality assurance in other key processes begin with a stable foundation, which is the documented demand baseline.
What needs? Demand refers to "system requirements assigned to software" or, more succinctly, "distribution requirements." These needs may be technical or non-technical.
It is important to separate demand management and software requirements analysis. Once the distribution requirements are documented and passed by all affected departments, the basic work of requirements management is completed, and the rest is management changes. There is no evidence that the distribution needs themselves are fully clear and complete as the basis for software development. In fact, usually they are not.
Optimizing and accurately describing requirements, filling in vulnerabilities, and making meanings clearer are what software needs analysis needs to do. The results of the analysis are called "software requirements." Thus, the allocation requirements as the output of demand management actually become the input to the software requirements analysis. Demand management is far ahead of the technical actions of software development, while software requirements analysis is the first step in the development of key technology technologies.
From the description here, the activity of demand management is simply too simple and too basic. Obviously no software development organization will not carry out such activities effectively. The problem often lies in the company’s fear of transparency. Customers feel that keeping their needs ambiguous, loose or without formal files can give them more opportunities to say: "That's not what I want, it's not what I think is the meaning of demand." A well-documented requirement may force the user to be responsible for starting the change if the system meets the documented requirements but does not meet actual needs. Similarly, developers feel that ambiguity, loose or no formal file requirements give them more room to allow them to be as close as possible to the budget and schedule, and then say: "This is what we think of the meaning of demand, If you need something else, you have to pay the price. "The need for documented clarity forces developers to take responsibility for meeting these needs and expose them to the risk of inaccurate estimates of progress and progress.
In this way, although the customer and the developer's interests are relatively motivated, they have come together. Each party believes that they are protecting their own interests and consolidating their position of bargaining, but in fact each side is heading for future disappointments and quarrels, and planting a time bomb for the project.
Third, the project time management theory guides us how to grasp the main contradiction in project management
In the past, when project management was carried out, the division of labor was carried out according to the experience and the work characteristics of each person. The software project was basically based on the requirements analysis, summary design, detailed design, code programming, debugging and testing, user acceptance and other major processes. Come on. But the project division is more detailed, the time estimate of each small process is, the whole project can be completed in the shortest time, how to arrange the personnel reasonably, how to grasp the key links in the project, etc., these are not over-extended Analysis and management.
The most intuitive implementation of project management is to shorten project time. There are many examples of shortening the time using project management theories and methods. Louisville
During the overhaul of the chemical plant, the inspection process is carefully decomposed, and the control relationship is established according to the orientation map. They were surprised to find that there was a difference in the total time between the different paths of the overhaul process. By repeatedly compressing the tasks on the longest path, the duration is optimized over time, and finally the repair that usually takes 125 hours is completed in 78 hours, saving 38% of the time. This is the famous time management technology CPM that the project management workers still use today, namely the “critical path method”.
Therefore, in the project management of software, we should also apply the time control theory, combined with the reality of software engineering, to decompose the task in more detail, and use the network diagram to establish the whole work process and estimate the duration of each stage. Identify critical paths and shorten the duration of critical paths to improve ergonomics through rapid follow-up.
Fourth, quality management is the key to the success of the project
In the process of software projects, we have always considered the functional testing of software to be more serious and strict. Each test must have test plans and use cases to be written before testing. The test should have records and records. Into the test report.
However, after this training, I feel that our testing work and quality management requirements are still far from the distance. Quality control should go deep into every project-related person, and go deep into every process of the project. From the very beginning, we must establish the concept of quality first, and each process must be controlled by quality, not to the most. When you are good at testing, you only think about quality before you measure whether it meets the standards.
Standardized design, standardized management is the guarantee of project quality. Participating in the quality system certification will help enterprises improve the management level of the project and help improve the quality of the project. The CMM model has been widely recognized and accepted, and CMMI follows the organization of its model with five levels and 18 elements. Through five levels of certification and enhanced management, the company's management of the project will be improved through five realms: from chaos to milestone inspection, to well-defined management systems and standards, to statistical process control and quantitative management, to the end. Optimization process, evaluation of work processes, and improvement of work processes.
I have previously participated in the design and programming of some functions for Japanese software. Japanese software companies are more meticulous in controlling the quality of a project, and it is simply intolerable to measure with our concept. The detailed design of a module should be described in the standard graphic language provided by them, and the standard design pattern should be used for description. After the design is completed, the relevant personnel will be evaluated to evaluate the design. If there is any problem, the design needs to be modified, and then The code is designed as a design file until the evaluation is passed. After the code is written, it is not finished to see the result. To print out the code, the relevant personnel evaluate the entire implementation process of the code, propose changes, and after the code is modified, it needs to be re-reviewed, and it can be submitted to the code base later. , the assembly of the code.
At that time, it was considered that the Japanese method was too time-consuming and man-made, and the ability of the technicians to personally was too low to improve work efficiency. However, the frequent occurrence of software quality problems is that we continue to realize that it is a waste of time and manpower to control the quality of each detail, which saves a lot of new time and manpower expenditures for solving quality problems. . A lot of software maintenance costs in the late stage of the software are saved. In general, it is accounted for. In order to improve the quality of the project and reduce the cost, we must do a good job of quality control from the beginning of the project.
5. The use of some strategies in communication management can make the project better completed.
Making a project requires contact with the client, and there will be some formal and informal negotiations. Both parties will bargain for their own interests. Good communication with customers is a condition for the smooth progress of the project. There are many strategies in communication that can be used in the actual work in peacetime. The purpose is not to harm others, but to achieve better goals, to achieve the goals set by both parties, and to adopt some artistic means. Communication skills include: issuing deadlines, using surprise methods, using limited rights laws, people who are not face-to-face, fair and reasonable, strategic delays, arguments between the two sides, retreat, unreasonable, fait accompli. I have successfully adopted the strategic delay method, and promptly reminded the client of a project warranty.
There are still a lot of experiences. In short, I have a new understanding of the project management through this study. I will apply these theoretical knowledge to the actual work. In order to improve the management level of the project, improve the quality of the project, reduce the cost of the project, reduce the risk of the project, and ultimately improve the efficiency of the enterprise.

Part 3: Project Manager's experience

1, resisting - value;
2, put down - the pattern;
3. Advance - independence.

Part 4: Experience in Project Management - The Experience of a Project Manager

Manager project management experience is important to understand what is the local conditions: because of the situation, only the most appropriate, nothing is right, what is wrong, manager project management experience is the most taboo is the perfectionist tendency, especially as a technician Born, I like to find standard answers, delay the progress of my work, and I am confused.
I have been working as a manager for project management for many years. I feel that the most important thing to do in this job is to understand what is appropriate for the local conditions, to be motivated by the situation, and to be the most appropriate. There is nothing wrong with it, what is wrong, and the manager’s project management experience is the most taboo. It is the perfectionist tendency, especially for the technical staff, like to find the standard answer, delay the work progress, and also lost myself. The following are some of my personal experiences in doing the project, write them out for your guidance, and work together to improve the level during the discussion.
The beginning of the project is one of the most important phases. Manager project management experience When taking over a new project, first of all, as much as possible to understand the project from all aspects, such as:
Project Management Experience 1: What is the project, what is the specific thing, who proposed it, and what the problem is. In the case that many domestic customers are immature, don't imagine the project's goals based on the name of the project. A project called "office automation" is likely to find out that a customer needs a computer production management auxiliary information system system one month after you enter the market. The more detailed the work in the previous period, the less surprises there will be and the less risk the project will have.
Project Management Experience 2: Who is involved in this project, such as the investor: the specific business stakeholders: the operator after the project is completed: the technical supervisor, etc. In many projects, in addition to the complex structure of the owner, Some other units will also be involved, such as the project supervision company: the owner's industry authority. Manager project management experience needs to understand what each person's views and expectations for this project are. Knowing the opinions and expectations of all parties in advance, you can let you analyze who will support you in what way, and who will object to you for what purpose, so that you can prepare friends in advance. Go against the enemy and let things develop in the direction you want. There is no eternal friend, no eternal enemy, only a consistent interest, this sentence as a manager project management experience must be remembered;
Project Management Experience 3: After a basic understanding of the customer's situation, the following thing is to understand the views of all parties in the company facing this project. The first is whether the top leaders value it. This determines whether the company will provide the strongest support according to your requirements when you need resources. The leadership verb is definitely to say that support, what you need to do is to understand the company's actual expectations of the project management experience, is to want to make the project bigger and bigger or want to make money? Whether you want to do a model project or simply want to perfuse things, the attitude of the company's leadership on the project determines your strategy for doing this project, and this strategic approach will have a direct impact on your project plan;
Project Management Experience 4: Before you do the overall project plan, you should roughly calculate the resources in your hand. The first is time, and now the market is highly competitive, and often many projects are required to be completed in an almost impossible time frame. For this, you should take full account of the project's risk control plan. Secondly, the personnel, according to the project budget and past experience, roughly calculate the number of roles of the future project team, whether each role of the current company is anyone, whether it can be completely used by this project, whether it needs to recruit some additional personnel, preparation for recruitment Start as soon as possible. Finally, the preparation of some equipment, the key equipment required for the project should be scheduled as early as possible. In the future, regardless of the equipment, such as people or people, it is your time to waste;
Project Management Experience 5: It is time to do project management experience. A good project specification not only describes the things to be done clearly, but also explains how to check them thoroughly. In other words, it not only explains what to do, but also lets the customer's business staff know what the project is doing. Simply put, the project description describes what the project does and how much each thing is done and how to check each result.
Project Management Experience 6: Is it time to do the overall project? No, you now know the customer's goals and the resources in your hands. Before you plan, you need to fully communicate resources with your manager and customers. Because many resources are still unclear, you need to write a report detailing the risks of the project and the demand for resources. If some problems cannot be solved, what will happen. If resources are not enough, it is necessary to change the strategy at a high level and increase investment in this project. Some companies will abandon this project even if conditions permit. In short, no one can complete an impossible task. If the manager's project management experience can't find the risk as early as possible, then he can only be a martyr.
Project Management Experience 7: Understand the things to do and the chips in your hands and the overall strategy for your project management experience. Now is the time to set up the project team. Many managers have no experience in project management and they have the right to choose their own members. Then try to use your influence to find the people you want. The composition of the members varies greatly depending on the project. It is difficult to have any specific requirements. However, there must be people who are proficient in the customer's business. In many small projects, this person is the manager of the project management experience, and the large project will be equipped with the industry. Experts, this way to communicate with customers will not speak with the ducks, the two sides can understand each other. What I often see is the technical terminology that our technicians talk to when they talk to customers. The result is that the customer is confused. In turn, he accuses the customer of not knowing the technology. In fact, the customer who knows what he wants to do is already a good customer. I don’t know what I want to do, I don’t know how to do it. I still have customers who are arrogant, but understand that the customer has chosen you, not you. I have chosen a customer. If you have a customer, you will have a salary, and you will be calm and calm.
For customers who need this kind of change every day, you must make good rules in advance:
First, the unified contact, the customer designates a person and the project team to communicate, can not lead the leadership: Wang leaders say a few words, if they disagree, then you only have to offend the choice of the leader, so the project must be set at the beginning My project team only recognizes one opinion. What do you ask for internal reunification and then talk to me? I don't want to get involved in the contradiction between your internal business departments;
Second, all the changes in requirements must have written text, this point to remember! There are many benefits to doing this:
* There is written evidence, and he wants to change later. You have the evidence he had requested before, telling him: You said so before;
* Facilitate the change management of demand, the history of how the demand evolves slowly can be seen clearly, so that the purpose of the customer can be more deeply understood;
* For the customer, the mouth is the most convenient, but you do it, do not spend his resources, so whether the request is reasonable, whether it is consistent with the purpose of the project, he is irresponsible. However, if he is required to write a written request, but also to sign and seal, he must be more cautious, and as soon as he writes, his thoughts will be deeper, and many unreasonable demands will die like this;
Project Management Experience 8: Now you have to face three groups of people: your leader: your team members and your customers, communicate with these people, let them know what you are going to do, and when do you want them to prepare these things will It is your main job. Since communication is so important, it is also important to define the principles of communication in advance. Many communication principles are unspoken rules. If you are working in a department for a long time, it seems that you should use these rules. However, you are now facing multiple departments or even multiple units. Make the communication rules clear and you will suffer in the future. The following things seem boring, but they still work very well: the first is to specify the flow of information and the medium, whether to push or pull. Pushing means that the manager's project management experience will proactively release information, whether by phone: mail or in writing, to ensure that the information is communicated to everyone. This kind of situation is suitable for small projects, few people; pulling means that the manager project management experience is a web server similar, you need to ask him if you need any information. Of course, there is no manager project management experience to make yourself so tired, he will publish information by means of publishing information to the public medium, the simple is the whiteboard, the more complicated is the public information interaction area of ​​the project, the unspoken rule is that I sent Don't say that I didn't tell you if you didn't go see it. It seems boring to say that, in fact, it involves the responsibility of incomplete information communication. Of course, these are all general methods, and do not be absolute. Under normal circumstances, active communication and passive access exist at the same time, especially for leaders, manager project management experience should be more active and communicate with leaders. The second problem is the documentation problem. Many people are afraid to write documents, but the manager's project management experience must bear in mind that "good memory is not as bad as a bad pen". Why is it sometimes unreasonable? It is because there is no evidence. Therefore, the manager's project management experience begins to explain to the customer that some documents must be signed, such as the project log of the manager's project management experience, at least every month to sign the customer, and all the things that have reached consensus, such as meeting minutes, and even The record of the leader’s speech must be written in a document and signed by both parties, so that when it is later, it will be well documented. Remember: If you say it, it’s the same as saying it, it’s only after you write it down and sign it. There are still some problems, such as the report you submitted, and a choice question for the leader. As a result, the leader is not allowed to approve, and you are at a loss, and the result delays the progress. At this time, you can wait, but pay attention to keep records, indicating who is responsible; in addition, if you agree with the leader at the beginning stage: if the approval is not received after three days of submission, even if the other party agrees, then you will take a lot of initiative. . For example, the approval process of different events: What level of things are recorded in the project log: What level of things should be managed by both managers and project managers to sign a memorandum: What level of things should be led by both parties to sign the contract attached files and so on. The more thoughtful you think beforehand, the more active you will be in your future work.
Project Management Experience 9: Well, I did a lot of preliminary work and defined some rules of the game. Now is the time to sit down and do the project. In this section, any book that manages a project will be better than me, so I will write less and say that my own experience is. The first is to find a few key team members, such as customer business experts: system analysts, etc., to do the project module division work. The project is divided into several pieces, each piece is completed, and the information between the modules is exchanged. What the requirements define is what to do, and what is said here is how to do it. One thing to emphasize here is that there are many ways to accomplish a goal. You have to choose the one that you are most familiar with, not the one that looks perfect. This idea will reduce your project's risk. Sometimes customers will be impressed by some new technology, insisting that you adopt that new technology, you should tell him: If you choose me to do this project, you should allow me to do things in my favorite way. The reason why new technology is used It’s tempting, because there are not many people who suffer, I don’t want you to be the first victim. Using a project will make your work more clear. For example, with Microsoft's Project software, after you fill out the form, you can know how many things to do in this project, what resources are needed for each thing, and the relationship between them. How long does it take to consume, what signs are there after completion. All the results are finally expressed in the form of a dry graph. After you finish this table, you will be surprised to find that the end time of the project on the chart will lag far behind the end of your project. Of course, people who have studied project management thldl.org.cn will talk about WBS: the optimization path and the like, but my experience is that you can not optimize the time to arrange these things to the project. End. If you haven't encountered this problem, before I congratulate you for picking up a lighthearted work, please check to see if you have listed all the things to do and correctly assess the time they need. At this time, you have to consider the time to sacrifice some tasks. According to what standard sacrifice? The strategy of this project! The strategy we mentioned in the third section. My experience is that if you keep up with everything, the result may be ten things you didn't do well, think about how failed. So, put resources into your familiar and sure things, the final result is ten things, you have three pieces made of fine, three completed, and four for some reasons, the transcript is beautiful. A lot? The strategy determines the priority, and the priority of correctly arranging things is a major manifestation of a manager's project management experience.