Research learning report

The final report is the “finished” stage of the research project, which is intended to reflect the research process and results of the project. Through the completion of the report, students will be able to communicate, summarize, summarize, reason, and discuss their skills, learn to demonstrate their work and achievements, summarize and reflect on their research work, and constantly improve their own research.

Elements of the final report: The final report is mainly about introducing your own research process and results. The report introduces the following issues:

What did you do.
Who did it.
Why do you want to.
How to do it.
How is it done?
Discussion or experience.
references.

The general format of the final report: generally consists of the title, abstract, research background, body, reference and other parts.

title

The title is a high-level summary of the subject research content, and plays a role in the whole paper. The title should pay attention to the following points: (1) It is eye-catching. The topic should be novel, eye-catching, and accurately express the research content, which appropriately reflects the breadth and depth of the research. Avoid words such as “experience”, “shrinking” and “seeing”, otherwise it will be superficial and tacky. (2) Concise and clear. The number of headlines should be small and go straight to the subject to make people at a glance. If the title is too long, a subtitle can be added. (3) Easy to classify. The title should indicate the main variables of the study, and the scope of the subject and the type of the subject can be seen.

Summary

The abstract is a brief summary of the content of the research and a brief summary of the research results, which can directly explain the problems, methods, processes and main conclusions of the research. After reading the abstract, the reader can understand the overview of the final report to determine whether it is worth reading the full text. The abstract should be short, precise, complete, rigorous and smooth, and generally do not exceed 300 words.

Research Background

The research background is also called the question, the preface, and the introduction. This is the beginning of the research report. The focus is on the research questions and research hypotheses. The logical structure of the introduction is: elaboration of the problem before and after the problem → propose research questions → form research hypothesis. The main contents are as follows: (1) Introduce the research background and purpose, and expound the research results, unresolved problems and research progress of the predecessors in this respect. (2) Introduction to the research methods of this topic. (3) Outline the theoretical and practical significance of the research results of this topic.

text

The text is the main part of the researcher's expression of research results and research process, and it accounts for the majority of the research report. It is required to elaborate the research methods and processes used in this topic, explain the conditions and related factors of the results, and give clear explanations for some places that are not easy to understand. The main body of the text includes methods, results and discussion.

method

The research method is one of the main parts of the research report. Its main contents include: 1 Definition and explanation of the main concepts of the topic. 2 The conditions, quantity, sampling method and time schedule of the research object. 3 analysis of the relationship between the variables. 4 Comparison of operational design and research effectiveness of the study. This part of the content is related to how we selected a research method in one of our previous topics.

result

The result is a summary of the research data and related statistical analysis or survey conclusions, which is another main part of the research report. The main contents include: 1 enumerating the quantity data such as the statistical charts compiled from the original data and the qualitative data summarized. 2 Use logic and statistics to obtain results or conclusions. 3 Briefly describe the link between the results or conclusions and the research hypothesis. There are three points to note when writing this section: First, choose data and phenomenon descriptions to be realistic. Data or sampling should be accurate and representative. The factual materials should be typical. They must not arbitrarily withdraw data or change materials according to subjective wishes, and they must not make fakes. Second, the chart should be small and refined, simple and clear. With the help of the chart, the main results can be clearly, concisely and visually displayed. Therefore, the chart should be carefully designed to make it clear at a glance, but it should not be too much. Generally, it should not exceed 3--4. Third, the results or conclusions should be scientific and rigorous. Analytical problems should follow the law of epistemology, and the conclusions must be able to withstand scrutiny and verification. When writing conclusions, the wording should be rigorous, the logic should be strict, the content should be specific, and the ambiguous terms such as “maybe”, “may”, “probably” and “top” should not be used, and the role should not be exaggerated, such as “reaching the international advanced level”. ", domestic leading" and so on.

discuss

The discussion is the subjective understanding and analysis of the research results. The role of the research is to deepen the understanding of the research results in theory, and to explain the imperfections of the research results, to explore the limitations of the research itself, and to point out the need Further research questions.

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references

References are listed at the end of the study and should indicate the source of the literature cited or referred to in the report. This not only reflects the author's scientific and realistic attitude, but also respects the labor of others. It is also a way of accumulating documents. When using the same information in the future, the reference list is undoubtedly the index of search. References generally refer to regular journals and official publications, and unpublished materials, online materials, and newspapers should not be cited. The reference to the data should list the name of the document, the author, the name and page number of the publication, and the time of publication. There are three ways to sort bibliographic references: (1) in the order mentioned or cited in the research report. (2) According to the chronological order of publication. (3) Sort by last name strokes.

Notes on writing a final report: Writing a final report is a serious and prudent task that must be taken seriously. In addition to the above requirements, the following issues should also be noted.

1. The writing of the thesis should pay attention to science, authenticity and novelty.

Scientificity refers to the reasonable degree of the title and conclusion. It is necessary to write a standard, a clear text, a clear narrative, a clear hierarchy, and a logical rigor. Authenticity refers to whether the original material is complete and whether the paper meets the student's age characteristics and cognitive level. The original material is complete with the original record, with the necessary experimental data, charts, photos, specimens, etc. You can't arbitrarily modify the data or material according to your own subjective wishes, and serve your own point of view. Research-based study papers should not be "adult", the teacher can give the necessary guidance, but can not be more blistering. Novelty is originality, and the results and related data in the paper are obtained through experiments or investigations and are not available to others. In the past, there was a phenomenon of “fake big sky” in student papers. The key was that there were no experimental data and other original materials, or plagiarism from newspapers and magazines. Therefore, we must start from the source, and we must pay attention to the accumulation of raw materials in the research process. The successful experience of the research should be tested and promoted in practice. If the problem is found, the next round of inquiry activities can be carried out and the rolling research can be carried out.

2. It is necessary to be good at using and charting to illustrate that the results of the research are completely written in words, which is not only cumbersome, but sometimes it is not easy to express clearly. If the chart is properly applied in the text, the main results of the study can be expressed in a simple and clear way. The chart can initially process some of the chaotic raw data in the research process, thereby visually reflecting some rules and characteristics of the data, showing the law of development, trend and distribution of things. Commonly used tables include classification tables, frequency frequency distribution tables, cumulative frequency distribution tables, and the like. The use of forms is generally subject to a saliency test, such as a chi-square test. Sometimes in order to express the research results more intuitively, statistical images such as bar charts, circular charts, line charts, etc. can be used. In the paper, if you use the scale and the norm, you must name the name and briefly describe the method of use [1].
3. The length of the paper should be appropriate

To be smooth, not to talk empty words, big words, for some modest and boastful words, general formulas and derivation, general routine experimental methods, etc. can be omitted. Any problem that can be explained by a table does not have to be described in words; if it can be expressed in an image, it is not necessary to use a list. In short, to be simple and simple, the word is not rumored.