[Boutique] Power Plant Internship Report

Catalogue 1 Power Plant Internship Report 2 Power Plant Internship Report 3 Power Plant Internship Report Part 1: Power Plant Internship Report

Internship Location: Zhenjiang Shubi Power Plant, Jiangsu Province

Internship purpose: Cognition of power plant equipment and major systems of the power plant. Internship:

1. Combination of theory and production practice. Through internships, we will fully understand the process of electric energy production and consolidate and expand our knowledge.

2. Initial understanding of the process of production of thermal power plants.

3. A deep understanding of the main equipment of the thermal power plant; including the air supply system, the coal feeding system, the structural characteristics and functions of the ignition system, and other auxiliary equipment should also be known.

4. Familiar with the operating characteristics of the power plant; consolidate and strengthen the theoretical knowledge learned, and lay a good foundation for the future work.

5. Understand the main equipment and form, characteristics and parameters of the power plant's power part, and have a complete concept for power plant production. Internship Content:

As a student of thermal energy and power engineering, we need to study professional technical knowledge, humbly ask for advice, and constantly improve work professional skills. In early November of this year, we were fortunate to visit Zhenjiang Jianbi Power Plant in Jiangsu Province during the internship. We humbly learn from experienced teachers and actively improve our operational skills.

The operational economic indicators of thermal power plants mainly include: thermal efficiency, coal consumption rate, steam consumption rate, heat rate, plant power consumption rate, annual operating hours of installed capacity, and cost. It is a measure of the technical equipment and management standards of power plants.

The raw material of a thermal power plant is raw coal. The raw coal is sent to the coal mill by the coal feeder to be ground into coal powder, and at the same time, hot air is sent to dry and transport the coal powder. After the formed pulverized coal air mixture is separated by the separator, the qualified pulverized coal is sent to the powder conveying pipe through the powder discharging machine, and is injected into the furnace of the boiler through the burner to be burned.

The hot air required for fuel combustion is heated by the blower into the air preheater of the boiler. The preheated hot air is sent to the coal mill for drying and powder feeding through a part of the air duct, and the other part is directly led to the combustion. The device enters the furnace. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion, under the action of the induced draft fan, first flows through the inverted U-shaped flue of the boiler through the furnace, the water wall tube, the superheater, the economizer, the air preheater, and gradually smokes The heat energy of the gas is transmitted to the working medium and the air, and it becomes a low-temperature flue gas. The flue gas purified by the dust remover is extracted by the induced draft fan and discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney. If the power plant burns high-sulfur coal, the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after being purified by the desulfurization device. The ash generated after the combustion of coal, in which large ash will be separated from the gas stream by its own weight, settled into the cold ash hopper at the bottom of the furnace to form solid slag, and finally discharged into the ash slag by the slag discharging device, and then the ash residue Pumped to the ash yard. A large amount of fine ash particles are taken away with the flue gas and sent to the ash ditch after separation by the dust collector. The boiler feed water first enters the economizer to be preheated to near saturation temperature, and then heated to a saturated steam by the heated surface of the evaporator, and then heated to superheated steam through a heat exchanger, which is also called main steam.

After the above process, the fuel delivery and combustion, and the generation of steam are completed.

Treatment and discharge. The main steam from the boiler superheated gas enters the steam turbine expansion work through the main steam passage, and rushes the steam turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity. The spent steam discharged from the turbine is discharged into a condenser where it is condensed and cooled into water, which is called main condensate. The main condensate is sent to the low-pressure heater through the condensate pump, and the steam turbine extracts part of the steam and then enters the deaerator, in which various gases dissolved in the water are removed by further heating. The feed water and the main condensate treated by the chemical workshop sink into the water tank of the deaerator to become the feed water of the boiler, and then sent to the high-pressure heater after being boosted by the feed water pump, and the high-pressure part of the even steam turbine is extracted by a certain steam, and then sent. Into the boiler, so that the working fluid completes a thermal loop. The circulating water pump sends the cooling water to the condenser, absorbs the heat of the exhausted air and returns to the river, which forms an open loop cooling water system.

Through the above process, the process of converting the thermal energy of steam into mechanical energy, electric energy, and boiler feed water supply is completed. Therefore, a thermal power plant is a complex energy conversion power plant consisting of three major parts of furnace, machine and electricity and their respective auxiliary equipment and systems. to sum up:

Through this internship, I have a more detailed and deep understanding of my major, and I have learned a lot of practical knowledge. For the first time, I directly faced the manufacturing plants of the relevant industries in the power plant and learned about the general situation of the thermal power plant. Happening. I have gained a better understanding of the actual operation, enhanced the sensibility of professional knowledge and a new understanding of the majors I have learned. From this internship, I realized that the actual work and the knowledge in the book are at a certain distance, and further study is needed. As the saying goes, the journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. These basic skills cannot be thoroughly understood in books. I feel that I have learned a lot in these days and learned something. Although it is sweet and bitter, I want to be sweeter than bitter. I was both excited and scared when I first entered the factory. After the internship, I got a preliminary understanding of the power plant. This is our first stop in the power system. We are very proud to be here. During this internship, I realized that if we combine the knowledge we have learned in college with more practice, we will have a university student with a strong ability to handle basic practical skills and comparative system expertise. It is the real purpose of our study and internship.

Part 2: Power Plant Internship Report

In order to better understand and understand the professional knowledge and expand the actual knowledge, we visited the XX thermal power plant. Through the initial understanding of the above plants, the understanding of the power plant and related industries has been deepened, and a preliminary understanding of the equipment in the plant has been made.

I. Introduction

Entering the senior year means leaving the school and entering the society, and understanding the internship is of great help to us. In fact, I don’t know a lot of professional knowledge when I understand the internship. However, as a direct contact between the university student and the actual environment, it will definitely help to enter the society and even personal development. This short visit is just a visit and will be of great help to us. This time, I can directly learn the knowledge other than textbooks. Of course, I can't miss it, and I have to grasp it well.

A thermal power plant with an annual generating capacity of 3.3 billion kWh, the XX thermal power plant, will be located in the “XX Industrial Corridor”. After completion, its annual power generation will be equivalent to half of Shenyang's annual power supply, becoming the largest thermal power plant in Shenyang. More importantly, after the addition of power plants, centralized heating will be implemented, and nearly 300 chimneys will be removed in the western part of Shenyang. Yesterday, the feasibility study report of the XX thermal power plant project was officially approved by the National Development and Reform Commission China International Engineering Consulting Corporation to review the project experts. It is planned to start construction in 2007 and be completed and put into production in 2019.

The XX thermal power plant was invested by China Guodian Corporation, and the Shenyang Thermal Power Plant was responsible for planning. The project was divided into two phases, with a total investment of 2.58 billion yuan. It is understood that Shenxi Thermal Power Plant is located in Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone in the southwest of Shenyang City. The site is 13 kilometers away from Shenyang City. It is located in the center of Shenxi Industrial Corridor and covers an area of 246,000 square meters. The Shenxi Thermal Power Plant uses the medium water produced by the Shenyang West Sewage Treatment Center 5.5 km away from the site as the industrial cooling water. The power plant is equipped with its own ash storage plant. In addition, the Xiaolongjin ash storage plant 2 km away from the power plant serves as the accident reserve ash plant. Handle an emergency. In addition, 99% purification can be achieved when treating exhaust gas from power plants, minimizing the impact on various environments such as production wastewater, domestic sewage, ash field leakage and noise.

According to the person in charge of the project of Shenxi Thermal Power Plant, “the use of medium water, fuel waste slag for cement, brick and other building materials, the gypsum used for desulfurization of exhaust gas will also be recycled.” Circle economy and environmental benefits."

Second, the overall understanding of thermal power plants

In the morning, the factory workers gave us a brief introduction to the basic history of the power plant, and the basic principles of power generation. Then we took the lead to visit the various parts of the power plant. The first feeling that a power plant gives is a noisy. We came to the central control room, which can be said to be the best working place in the power plant environment. There is no gray smoke outside the room, no machine rumbling, and there is no outside heat, in the centralized control room, the most noticeable It is a row of machines across the main entrance, which is covered with red lines, red dots, and some green ones. According to the introduction, the circuit diagrams for controlling the power plant equipment and so on are basically automated, and several in the center of the room. The computer is to control him, and the number of staff is only a few. As long as the computer is controlled, the normal and safe operation of the machine can be ensured. Compared with the old power plant, the degree of automation is greatly improved, so the technician of the power plant There are fewer and fewer, of course, the requirements for them are getting higher and higher, and the direct result is that the benefits are getting better and better.

Compared with hydropower plants, thermal power plants are much more lively. Generally, a thermal power plant is built around the city. For example, the Shenxi Thermal Power Plant visited this time is in the suburbs of Tiexi. This is because a thermal power plant is different from a hydropower plant. He does not need to rely on a special geographical environment. In theory, a thermal power plant can be built anywhere. Built around the city, it brings great convenience to the city's power transmission. It does not need to pull long transmission lines or use ultra-high transmission voltage. This has huge savings in transmission costs, and it is also convenient for power supply to the city. .

Third, the production process of thermal power plants

The production process of a thermal power plant is essentially a process of conversion of four energy forms. First, the chemical energy of fossil fuels is converted into heat by combustion. This process is completed in the combustion chamber of a steam boiler or a gas turbine; then thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy. This process is done in a steam engine or a gas turbine; finally, the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by a generator. The raw material of a thermal power plant is raw coal. The raw coal is generally transported by train to the coal storage yard of the power plant, and then transported to the coal hopper by the coal conveyor belt. The raw coal is dropped from the coal and sent to the coal mill by the coal feeder to be ground into coal powder, and at the same time, hot air is sent to dry and transport the coal powder. After the formed pulverized coal air mixture is separated by the separator, the qualified pulverized coal is sent to the powder conveying pipe through the powder discharging machine, and is injected into the furnace of the boiler through the burner to be burned. The hot air required for fuel combustion is heated by the blower into the air preheater of the boiler. The preheated hot air is sent to the coal mill for drying and powder feeding through a part of the air duct, and the other part is directly led to the combustion. The device enters the furnace. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion, under the action of the induced draft fan, first flows through the inverted U-shaped flue of the boiler through the furnace, the water wall tube, the superheater, the economizer, the air preheater, and gradually smokes The heat energy of the gas is transmitted to the working medium and the air, and it becomes a low-temperature flue gas. The flue gas purified by the dust remover is extracted by the induced draft fan and discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney. If the power plant burns high-sulfur coal, the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after being purified by the desulfurization device.

The ash generated after the combustion of coal, in which large ash will be separated from the gas stream by its own weight, settled into the cold ash hopper at the bottom of the furnace to form solid slag, and finally discharged into the ash slag by the slag discharging device, and then the ash residue Pumped to the ash yard. A large amount of fine ash particles are taken away with the flue gas and sent to the ash ditch after separation by the dust collector. The boiler feed water first enters the economizer to be preheated to near saturation temperature, and then heated to a saturated steam by the heated surface of the evaporator, and then heated to superheated steam through a heat exchanger, which is also called main steam. Through the above process, the transportation and combustion of the fuel, the treatment of the generated fuel and the discharge of the fuel are completed. The main steam from the boiler superheated gas enters the steam turbine expansion work through the main steam passage, and rushes the steam turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity. The spent steam discharged from the turbine is discharged into a condenser where it is condensed and cooled into water, which is called main condensate. The main condensate is sent to the low-pressure heater through the condensate pump, and the steam turbine extracts part of the steam and then enters the deaerator, in which various gases dissolved in the water are removed by further heating. The feed water and the main condensate treated by the chemical workshop sink into the water tank of the deaerator to become the feed water of the boiler, and then sent to the high-pressure heater after being boosted by the feed water pump, and the high-pressure part of the even steam turbine is extracted by a certain steam, and then sent. Into the boiler, so that the working fluid completes a thermal loop. The circulating water pump sends the cooling water to the condenser, absorbs the heat of the exhausted air and returns to the river, which forms an open loop cooling water system. In a water-deficient area or a power plant far from the river. A closed-loop water cooling system such as a high-performance cooling tower or a fountain is required to realize a closed loop cooling water system. Through the above process, the process of converting the thermal energy of steam into mechanical energy, electric energy, and boiler feed water supply is completed. Therefore, a thermal power plant is a complex energy conversion power plant consisting of three major parts of furnace, machine and electricity and their respective auxiliary equipment and systems. Main equipment of thermal power plants:

boiler:

The completion of the boiler in a thermal power plant is an energy conversion process that converts the chemical energy of the fuel into heat by combustion. The product of the boiler unit is high temperature and high pressure steam. The energy conversion in a boiler unit involves three processes: the combustion process of the fuel, the heat transfer process, and the vaporization process of the water. The fuel and the oxygen in the air are mixed in the boiler combustion chamber, oxidized and burned to generate high-temperature flue gas, and the process is a combustion process. The high-temperature flue gas transfers heat through the various heating surfaces of the boiler, and transfers the heat energy to the working fluid of the boiler, water. After the water absorbs heat, it vaporizes into saturated steam, and the saturated steam further absorbs heat to become high-temperature superheated steam, which is the heat transfer and water vaporization process.

About the water used in the boiler, the teacher introduced it, it is extremely pure. Robin's pure water is said to have undergone 27 layers of filtration, but in the face of boiler water is only pediatrics, because the boiler water is much purer than it. During the internship, it was recognized that the boiler feed water first entered and then flowed from bottom to top. After heating, it entered the steam drum and then descended to the lower header of the water wall, entering the water wall. Part of the water in the water wall becomes steam to form a soda mixture. The soda-water mixture separates in the drum, where the water continues to remain in the drum for the next round of loops. The boilers use coal. It is the raw material of thermal power plants. Power plants also have high requirements for coal. At present, the power plant generally uses a pulverized coal furnace. The reason is that the pulverized coal has good fluidity and can be fully burned. Before use, hot air is sprayed into the furnace and mixed with air to be suspended and burned in the furnace. The brother of the power plant said that the fineness of coal powder is less than that of hair, mainly to improve combustion efficiency. Today's environmental problems are prominent, which seriously hinders the development of human beings. Therefore, in thermal power plants, the exhaust gas must undergo strict desulfurization before it can be discharged.

Turbine:

Steam turbine working principle:

The steam turbine equipment has a total of 37 stages of flow, the high pressure part consists of 1 set and 11 pressure stages, the medium pressure part consists of 10 presses, and the low pressure part consists of 3 x 5 pressure stages. The main steam from the boiler superheated gas enters the steam turbine to expand work through the main steam passage, and rushes the steam turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity. The spent steam discharged from the turbine is discharged into a condenser where it is condensed and cooled into water, which is called main condensate. The main condensate is sent to the low-pressure heater through the condensate pump, and the steam turbine extracts part of the steam and then enters the deaerator, in which various gases dissolved in the water are removed by further heating. The feed water and the main condensate treated by the chemical workshop sink into the water tank of the deaerator to become the feed water of the boiler, and then sent to the high-pressure heater after being boosted by the feed water pump, and the high-pressure part of the even steam turbine is extracted by a certain steam, and then sent. Into the boiler, so that the working fluid completes a thermal loop.

The loop water pump sends the cooling water to the condenser, which absorbs the heat of the exhaust gas and returns to the cooling tower, which forms a closed loop cooling water system. The steam turbine has eight stages of pumping through the high-pressure, low-pressure heater to warm the condensate and deaerator for deaerator. After use, the spent steam and the over-shooting system operate to condense the vapor in the condenser vapor.

Fourth, the internship summary

Through this internship, I have a more detailed and deep understanding of my major, more understanding of the actual operation, enhanced the sensibility of professional knowledge and a new understanding of the majors I have learned. . From this internship, I realized that the actual work and the knowledge in the book are at a certain distance, and further study is needed. As the saying goes, the journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. These basic skills cannot be thoroughly understood in books. After the internship, I got a preliminary understanding of the power plant. This is our first stop in the power system. We are very proud to be here. During this internship, I realized that if we combine the knowledge we have learned in college with more practice, a university student has a strong ability to handle basic practical skills and comparative system expertise. In the future, I will lay a good foundation for my job.

Part 3: Power Plant Internship Report

I. Internship purpose

Production practice is an important internship teaching link that combines teaching and production practice. In the production internship process, the school also aims to develop students' ability and methods to observe problems, solve problems and learn from production. Cultivate our spirit of solidarity and cooperation, and firmly establish our group consciousness, that is, personal wisdom can only be maximized if it is integrated into the collective.

Through this production internship, I learned the technical management knowledge of electrical equipment operation, the manufacturing process knowledge of electrical equipment, and the internship knowledge that I could not learn in school. When we learn from our workers, we have cultivated our hard and simple style. In the production practice, we have realized that strict discipline, unified organization and coordination are the needs of modern large-scale production, and it is also necessary for our contemporary college students, thus further improving our organizational concept.

During the internship, we learned about the power supply and distribution system of the factory, especially the composition and operation process of the plant substation, laying the foundation for the design of the residential power network design and the construction of the power supply and distribution system. By visiting the automation system of Sichuan First Chemical Group, I have broadened my horizons, broadened my knowledge, and accumulated the necessary emotional knowledge for learning professional courses, which laid a solid foundation for us to make qualitative changes in the future.

Through production internships, we have played an important role in consolidating and deepening our theoretical knowledge, cultivating our independent work ability and strengthening our labor perspective.

Second, the internship content

The bridge hydropower station is located on the west side of Dayushu, Yunlong County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It is the most upstream first-stage power station for the “two reservoirs and eight levels” cascade development in the middle and lower reaches of the Minjiang River. It is also the “cloud power delivery” in Yunnan Province. One of the backbone projects of the “West-to-East Power Transmission” strategy. The normal water storage elevation of the power station is 1307 meters, the dam site controls the drainage area of 97,100 square kilometers, the total installed capacity is 900,000 kilowatts, and the annual average power generation is 4.041 billion kilowatt hours. The hub buildings are mainly composed of barrage dam, power station inlet, underground powerhouse system, flood discharge surface hole and sand discharge and flood discharge bottom hole. The barrage is a RCC gravity dam with a dam crest elevation of 1,310 meters, a maximum dam height of 105 meters and a dam crest length of 356 meters.

The construction of the dam construction of the bridge hydropower station started in August 2019. On November 22, 2019, the river intercepted the river smoothly. On May 10, 2019, the excavation of the foundation pit reached a design elevation of 1205 meters. On May 22 of the same year, the first warehouse concrete was opened. . On July 18, 2019, the dam concrete pouring was capped on the whole line. The actual construction progress was completed ahead of the bidding contract period, and a comprehensive harvest of safety, quality and progress was achieved. On the day of the opening of the gate, the project construction party sent a letter to the 4th Bureau of Hydropower, which highly praised the 16-meter full-line sealing of the 100-meter high dam, the completion of the installation of three-hole arc gates in 45 days, and the achievement of the water storage performance of the lower gates on schedule.

The Qiaoshui Hydropower Station is the first cascade hydropower station in the “two reservoirs and eight ranks” of the downstream section of the main stream of the Lancang River. The upstream is the last step of the middle reaches of the river, the Miaowei Hydropower Station, and the downstream is the Xiaowan Hydropower Station, which has been put into operation. .

The installed capacity of the bridge hydropower station is 900,000 kilowatts, and four vertical shaft mixed-flow turbine generator units with a single unit capacity of 225,000 kilowatts are installed. The reservoir has a normal water storage capacity of 1,307 meters, a storage capacity of 316 million cubic meters, and a storage capacity of 409 million cubic meters. The total investment of the power station is about 8.9 billion yuan. After the project is put into production, the output can be guaranteed to be 151,300 kilowatts, and the annual power generation capacity is 4.041 billion kilowatt hours. It will add a stable power supply point for “cloud power transmission to Guangdong”.

The power station dam is a roller compacted concrete gravity dam with a length of 356 meters and a maximum dam height of 105 meters. The construction of the project is under the responsibility of the 4th Bureau of China Hydropower and the 14th Bureau. The design is the Northwest Hydropower Survey and Design Institute of China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group. The main equipment is manufactured by Toshiba Hydropower Equipment Co., Ltd.

___The power plant is located in the territory of ____ County. It is a large-scale hydropower plant integrating power generation, flood control and shipping. The power station was officially started construction in March of the same year. The first unit was put into operation in September 1992, and the last unit was put into operation in June 1995. The total installed capacity of the power station is 1210mw, the normal water storage level is 223m, the corresponding storage capacity is 26.12×108m3, the dead water level is 204m, and the storage capacity is 15.72×108m3. The reservoir is incompletely adjusted. The maximum head of the power station is 68.5m, the minimum head is 37m, and the design head is 59. .xxxx, the guaranteed output is 242mw, and the annual designed power generation is 56.6×108kw·h. The power station hub is arranged as concrete gravity dam, right bank dam rear type workshop, power station dam height 11xxxx, dam length 52xxxx, main buildings are barrage, power house, switch station and navigation building.

The four main transformers of the power plant are arranged at an elevation of 174.0 m between the upstream sub-plant and the dam. The 500kvgis switch station is placed on the 181.0m elevation of the front dam slope of the plant, and is an indoor closed-type switch station. The 500kv outdoor equipment is placed at a height of 194.5m on the roof of the 500kvgis switch station. The main control room, the computer room and the relay protection screen room are located on the upstream side of the generator floor of the main building.

The main transformer of the power plant is a forced oil loop air cooling transformer produced by ____ Transformer Factory, the model is sfp7—360000/500, the rated capacity is 360000kva, and the rated voltage is 525±2×2.5/15.75kv. The main transformer wiring group is yn, d11. The grounding method of the neutral point is direct grounding or grounding via small reactance, and the neutral point mode is switched according to the number of main transformer inputs.

The power supply generator power supply wiring adopts a unit-to-variable unit wiring and a fully enclosed busbar structure. The 500kv side is connected by 3/2 circuit breaker. During normal operation, the two busbars run at the same time. Any bus fault or any circuit breaker maintenance will not affect the power supply, and it has high power supply reliability and flexibility, but The main wiring method uses more circuit breakers and has a larger investment. In order to increase the flexibility of operation, reduce the frequent operation of the 500kv circuit breaker and the safe operation of the plant power, a sf6 outlet circuit breaker manufactured by Swiss Abb is installed at the exit of the unit.

The 500kv switchgear adopts the sf6 fully enclosed combined electrical equipment produced by Swiss Abb Company. It has small floor space, stable and reliable equipment and small maintenance workload. Under normal operation, the operation mode of four series of 500kv switches is less changed. When the machine is stopped, the outlet switch of the main transformer is disconnected. At this time, the high-voltage transformers on the low-voltage side of the main transformer and the main transformer are still running, which increases the reliability of the plant. The unit can also be connected to the grid with a 500kv switch to ensure that the unit is smoothly turned on and connected to the grid, thus improving the reliability of the system.

The plant power system includes: four high-voltage factory transformers connected to the generator outlet, five-section 10kv busbars, load outlets, fourteen low-voltage factory transformers and 400v busbars. In normal operation, 10kv busbars i, ii, The iii and iv segments were supplied by four high-voltage plants brought by four units to 21tm, 22tm, 23tm and 24tm. 9201qf is the i and ii busbar contact switch, and 9403 is the iii and iv busbar contact switch. In normal operation, each segment of the busbar runs independently, and 9201qf and 9403qf are cut. In order to ensure the reliable use of the plant, the 10kvv segment is powered by the 9.5qf buck station, the 9502qf is the ii, v segment bus tie switch, the 9504qf is the iv, v segment bus tie switch, under normal circumstances 9502, 95040f cut. The input and cut-off of the 10kv system switch have remote computer monitoring system operation and on-site manual operation. Normal operation should be carried out in a remote manner. So from shixi.yjbys.com

According to the structure of the plant's electricity, the power supply for the factory has a very reliable guarantee. The operation mode of the 400v system for low-voltage power plant is also operated by single busbar segmentation. During normal operation, the 400vi~vi busbars in the factory are powered by #1～#6 plants from 41tm to 46tm respectively. Under normal conditions, the busbars of each segment are divided. The segment runs. The i segment and the ii segment bus, the iii segment and the iv segment bus, the v segment and the vi segment bus are respectively contacted by 421zkk, 443zkk, and 465zkk, and are mutually reserved. The 400v standby power supply is automatically put into the device bzt and put into operation under normal conditions. Each section of the busbar is separately powered by the transformers of each low-voltage factory, and the bus-coupled switch has a spare automatic input device, and the operation mode is also relatively reliable.

Lighting power: The power station lighting is divided into work lighting and accident lighting. The working lighting is powered by AC 380/220v lighting, and two lighting transformers are set up, which are mutually standby. The accident lighting is powered by a factory 220v DC power supply.

____The power plant automation level is quite high. It is the first hydropower plant with “unmanned duty and few people on duty”. Under normal operating conditions, only two guards are set up, responsible for routine duty work, and other routine situations. The work under the computer is completed by the computer monitoring system, including 500kv, 10kv switch operation, unit start-stop operation, etc., the central control room does not have a conventional console. The computer monitoring system is relatively well designed, and can realize remote power adjustment and remote control functions such as automatic power control, automatic voltage control, automatic opening and stopping. Under normal circumstances, the operating personnel do not need to participate in the unit's adjustment load, open and stop operations, etc. All functions are dispatched directly by the ____ central dispatching station to issue instructions or load curves.

____ Power plant computer monitoring system was developed by ____ company based on the original US company si, and its software part was designed by ____ company. The automation component retained some automation modules of the former US company si. The computer monitoring system is divided into xxxx local control units, which are unit, 500kv equipment, factory power, and unit auxiliary equipment monitoring. At the same time, the equipment reserves the local control to prevent the computer system from operating when there is a problem. For each unit, there are two sets of control devices, lcu and plc. The unit control AC power is supplied by the inverter power supply to ensure that it is not affected by the system all power outages, and further improve the unit operation reliability. In 1997, the computer monitoring system replaced the conventional control method and signal system. After several years of continuous improvement, the operation was stable and reliable, and basically realized various operation, monitoring and fault handling functions.

Part of the DC power system: ____ DC system of the power plant is a two-stage DC system with three floating charging devices. The DC system is used to control power supply for switching, protection and other equipment. Each power system adopts redundant power supply design, and has main and backup floating charging devices, which are powered by different power sources, which greatly improves the reliability of DC system power supply.

Protection configuration: transformer configuration: heavy gas, light gas, pressure relief, differential, overexcited magnetism, zero sequence overcurrent, overload, negative sequence overcurrent, zero sequence overvoltage, pressure relief protection, main transformer cooler Full stop and other protection. Generators are mainly configured: longitudinal, transverse, interturn, demagnetization, out of step, over voltage, low voltage memory overcurrent, stator grounding, stator overload, negative sequence overcurrent, rotor grounding, field winding overload, etc. Protection; 500kv line protection includes: high frequency distance, high frequency direction, circuit breaker failure, three-phase inconsistency, integrated reclosing, integrated cutting machine, over voltage, zero sequence protection, etc., ____ line adopts integrated protection, ____ line For microcomputer protection. Shixi.yjbys.com

Overvoltage protection: Overvoltage protection is protection against external lightning overvoltage and internal overvoltage. In order to prevent direct lightning damage to electrical equipment and personal safety, the power station mainly uses lightning protection lines and roof lightning protection. For lightning intruding waves, lightning arrester protection is mainly used. Internal overvoltages include power frequency overvoltage, resonant overvoltage, and operating overvoltage. For the power frequency overvoltage and the resonant overvoltage, after calculation, a 150mvar shunt reactor is installed on the opposite side of the ____ line, and 150mvar is installed on the ____ side of the ____ line. Coupling reactors, and ____ power station outlet side can be installed without shunt reactors, which can basically meet the needs of eliminating self-excitation, limiting power frequency over-voltage and resonant over-voltage under various operating modes of the system. For the operation overvoltage, the 500kv busbar and the outgoing side of the power station are equipped with lightning arresters, and the two sets of circuit breakers on the ____ line are equipped with closing resistors. Grounding device: The grounding device of the power station is designed to take into account the safety of the human body and equipment within the power station when the grounding fault occurs in the power grid, and to maintain the reliable operation of the power system. Therefore, the main purpose of the grounding design is to limit the contact voltage, step voltage and transfer potential within the power plant to within safe values. After calculation, the grounding resistance design value of the grounding device of the power station is r≤0.25ω. The total grounding grid consists of the factory and the dam natural grounding grid and the underwater artificial grounding grid. The maximum diagonal length is about 3000m.

The main excitation of the unit adopts the self-excited static controllable 矽 excitation system. The excitation current of the generator is obtained by the excitation transformer through the controllable 矽 rectification device. Main function of main excitation: Provide the excitation power required by the generator under normal operating conditions, maintain the generator terminal voltage as a given value, and prevent over-excitation. Improve the static and dynamic stability of the power system. When the voltage of the power system is short-circuited and the voltage drops sharply, the excitation is automatically forced; when the voltage rises sharply when the unit is under load, the magnetic field is automatically demagnetized. The reactive power difference is adjusted to realize the automatic distribution of reactive load between parallel generators. In the internal fault and accident state of the generator, the magnet can be quickly de-excited to prevent the accident from expanding.

The computer monitoring system adopts a hierarchical distribution structure. The main control level is a dual-host redundant system, and the unit control level is composed of xxxx local control units, which respectively control l#~4# units, 500kv switch station equipment, 10kv factory power equipment, 400v factory power equipment and the whole plant. Utility equipment, overflow dam gates and dam-on substation equipment. The main control level consists of two main computers, four operating personnel workstations and printers, which are arranged in the central control room and computer room. The main functions of the main control level are:

According to the set values and commands of the power system and the operating personnel, coordinate the command xxxx local control unit to automatically collect information and output control commands, including the start and stop control of the unit and its dynamic display, dynamic display of analog measurement and historical trend, program Control local equipment, agc and avc, equipment operation files, printing of various running reports, event recording, dynamic or static display of various graphic screens, accidents, fault alarms, etc. Each local control unit is mainly composed of a pre-processor and a programmable controller.

Its main function is to collect various information of the field device, process it and pass it to the main computer of the main control level, and receive the command of the host computer, and then output it to the controlled field device.

DC system: 220v strong DC system and 48v weak DC system are set. 220v strong electric DC system is mainly used for control and protection of the whole plant and power supply such as 10.5kv circuit breaker closing. 48v weak electric DC system is mainly used for signal power supply of the whole plant. The 220v high-voltage DC system is mainly composed of two sets of gfd-420 fixed explosion-proof lead-acid batteries, two-sided floating charging rectifier screen, one-side charging rectifier screen and two-sided battery feeder screen. The DC bus adopts single busbar segmentation wiring, which is normally floated. The charging mode is running.

___Power plant communication includes power system communication and in-plant communication. Power system communication is divided into power line carrier communication and microwave communication. In-plant communication is divided into factory administrative communication and in-plant production scheduling communication. The 220v AC power supply of the communication system uses the factory 380v/220v AC power supply. When the power supply disappears, 220v AC power is obtained by the factory DC 220v inverter through the inverter. The 48v DC power supply of the communication system is powered by a gel battery.

Seven, internship sentiment

Production practice is an important internship teaching link for Panzhihua College to train high-tech engineering and technical personnel. It is an important way to combine school teaching with production practice and to link theory with practice. The purpose is to enable us to train and train in the aspects of professional knowledge and talents through internships, so as to lay a good foundation for becoming a business backbone as soon as we graduate from work. Shixi.yjbys.com

Through production internship, we have learned and mastered the main structure, production technology and process of the substation; the main tooling equipment used; the technical materials for product production; the management of production organization, etc., to deepen the working principle of the substation, Understanding of basic theories such as design and experimentation. Let us understand and master the knowledge of the working principle and structure of the substation. In order to further learn professional courses, we have laid a good foundation for research and design in this area.

In this production internship process, not only did we deepen our understanding of the knowledge we learned, but more importantly, we corrected our labor perspective and improved our ability to work independently.

[Boutique] Power Plant Internship Report

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