Forest Ecology Internship Report

1. Natural environment characteristics

Qingcheng Mountain Scenic Area is located in the middle and north section of the famous “Huaxi Rain Screen Belt” in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, about 30°54′n and 103°35′e. There are 36 mountain peaks in the whole mountain. The peaks surround the city, the trees are flourishing, and the greenery is green all the year round. 120km around the whole area, the protection area is 1522hm2. The climate in the region is mild and humid, belonging to the subtropical warm and humid climate. The annual average temperature is 15.2 °C, the hottest month extreme temperature is 34.2 °C, the coldest month extreme temperature is 7.1 °C; the average relative humidity is 81%; the annual precipitation is 1225.1 mm; the frost-free period is 271d. The geological features of Qingcheng Mountain are characterized by “Danyan Valley, Chibi Cliff”. The soil type is mainly mountain yellow soil, and the parent rock is the slope of Jurassic purple sandstone, mudstone and conglomerate.

2. Vegetation overview

The main vegetation types in Qingcheng Mountain Scenic Area include subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest and warm coniferous forest.

According to the Qingcheng Mountain sample survey data, the plant species recorded in the field route survey and the Qingcheng Mountain plants recorded in the "China Dujiangyan City Plant List", 346 species of plants were preliminarily estimated, of which 51 species were ferns, belonging to 26 genera and 16 families, seeds. There are 295 species of plants belonging to 90 families of 192 genera. Among them, 7 species of gymnosperm, 6 counts of Qingcheng Mountain, there are 5 families of vascular genus; 252 species of 169 species of dicotyledon are 77 families; 36 species of 22 genera and 8 families of monocotyledonous plants. The flora has a clear transition from subtropical to temperate.

The forest vegetation of Qingcheng Mountain can be divided into two vegetation types and five groups. The evergreen broad-leaved forest type is basically in a stable stage. Although some individual plots are artificially affected, some deciduous deciduous components invade the forest, which makes the community have obvious secondary properties. However, the current evergreen tree species are well developed, and the deciduous components lack the renewed seedlings. It is expected that after a period of time, the community will succeed as the climax community; in the warm coniferous forest, the growth and development of the coniferous species of Chinese fir is poor. The evergreen broad-leaved tree species develop well in the community. Based on this, it can be concluded that the status of Chinese fir in the community will be replaced by evergreen broad-leaved trees, and the warm coniferous forest will be replaced by evergreen broad-leaved forest.

3. Characteristics of interspecific association of forest vegetation in Qingcheng Mountain

Most of the associations between the arbor layer and the shrub layer of the forest vegetation in Qingcheng Mountain have not reached a significant level, and the independence of the species is strong, and the interspecific association is obviously loose. It can be predicted that as the vegetation develops, the relationship between the species within the community will become more complicated, and the species with the same or similar responses to the habitat can use the common resources in the community to form a very significant positive connection, or One species lives on another species and also exhibits positive association; in contrast, two species that respond differently to habitats live in different small environments, forming a significant negative association. In addition, if one species adversely affects the growth and development of the other species, a significant negative association between the species is also formed.

4 Conclusion

The species diversity of forest vegetation in Qingcheng Mountain basically showed the same trend. The species diversity of each forest land is shrub layer, tree layer and herb layer. The species diversity of different vegetation types is larger than that of evergreen broad-leaved forests and warm coniferous forests. For communities with the same vegetation type, the species diversity index is close, and the species with different vegetation types have different species diversity indices. Therefore, species diversity can reflect the differences in species composition and structure of plant communities. In addition to environmental factors affecting the species diversity of forest vegetation in Qingcheng Mountain, the interference of human factors is also large for species diversity. Therefore, strengthening forest protection and reducing human disturbance can effectively protect biodiversity.

The forest vegetation of Qingcheng Mountain Scenic Area is rich in species, rare and endangered plants and endemic plants. The origin of the genus of seed plants is ancient, and the flora is very complex. The temperate and tropical components interact with each other to fully demonstrate the transitional characteristics of their flora.