Summary of new rural construction work

In August this year, the Provincial Political Consultative Conference held the "Promoting the Construction of a New Socialist Countryside" Qualifications Council to provide constructive opinions on solving problems arising in the construction of new rural areas. The relevant CPPCC participating committees, special committees, constituencies and CPPCC members conducted in-depth research on the construction of new countryside, and expressed their views on various trends in the construction of new countryside.

I. Improving the problem of rural human settlements

In the past 30 years of rural reform, the economy has gradually prospered and the society has continued to improve. However, the rural environmental sanitation problem is more prominent. In the survey, the Population Resources and Environment Committee found that except for a few villages and towns, significant changes have occurred, and most of the remaining rural environment is dirty. The difference is still relatively common. There are several reasons for such problems. First, pollution in rural areas is increasing. The continuous increase in rural domestic waste, most of which is dumped and discharged without treatment, accumulates over time and the more piles of garbage. Second, agricultural non-point source pollution cannot be ignored. At present, the effective utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural production is only about 30%, and most of them enter air, soil and water bodies through various channels. Third, the pollution of livestock and poultry farming is increasing, and it has become an important source of pollution in the rural environment. Fourth, the problem of rural industrial and mining pollution is highlighted. Some high-energy-consumption and high-pollution enterprises are accelerating the transfer to rural areas, which brings serious harm to the rural environment. Fifth, the safety of drinking water in rural areas is difficult to guarantee. There are still more than 10 million rural people in the province facing the problem of drinking water environment safety.

The current occurrence of rural environmental problems is the result of long-term accumulation of various factors, rooted in insufficient development or improper development. The Committee on Population, Resources and Environment recommends that the rural cleaning project be listed as a provincial government's livelihood project. It is recommended that party committees and governments at all levels take the opportunity of new rural construction and the central government to vigorously promote rural environmental protection work, and pay more attention to the improvement of rural environmental sanitation, incorporate rural cleaning projects into the government's people's livelihood projects at all levels, and establish and improve corresponding work promotion mechanisms. Effective and effective measures to improve the rural living environment. Second, we should adhere to the plan first, study and formulate rural environmental protection plans, raise funds through multiple channels, and increase investment in rural environmental remediation. It is necessary to speed up the local environmental protection legislation process in rural areas of our province, and formulate and improve laws and regulations and related standards, technical specifications and management regulations on pollution control of livestock and poultry aquaculture, prevention and control of rural living pollution.

Second, enhance the effectiveness of supporting agriculture projects

At present, the construction of new countryside in our province is progressing in an orderly manner. Policies and projects such as Spark Program, Science and Technology Poverty Alleviation, Fine Seed Subsidy, Agricultural Machinery Purchase Subsidy, Grain High-yield Science and Technology Project, and Agricultural Science and Technology Park have played an important role, but during the implementation of the project, The scientific and practical nature of agricultural projects should be given high priority.

In the specific design and implementation process, a few projects lack scientific and rationality, emphasize the construction scale, shorten the implementation period, and exceed the actual conditions and capabilities, making the implementation time of a few project organizations too short, too large, too heavy, and difficult to really Put it in place. For example, in the construction of the demonstration area, the current design period of the project is about 2 years, and in just one year, in a short period of one year, it is necessary to achieve a large scale and achieve the goal of high production. .

The project argument is not sufficient. The survey found that a small number of projects were driven by the government in the implementation process, and the enthusiasm of the farmers was not high and the participation was insufficient. For example, in the implementation process of soil testing and formula fertilization project in our province, when promoting straw rotant products, the government spent a lot of money to purchase a large amount of straw decomposing agent and applied it to various project counties, but actually there is no place to use. The reason is that the time of decomposing is too long, unrealistic, and the farmers do not accept it, which results in waste of project funds and does not have the effect it deserves.

The scientific and rationality of the agricultural project plan is the prerequisite for realizing the effectiveness of the project. The benefit of the project plan is the greatest benefit. The Democratic Progressive Anhui Provincial Committee recommended that in the project design, the scientific and effective unity of the project should be pursued, and the current practice of heavy financial analysis, light economic benefits and environmental benefits should be changed, and indicators and methods of economic benefits and environmental benefits should be incorporated into the design. Category; in the aspect of project argumentation analysis, we should adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts and adapting to local conditions.

Third, the construction of agricultural technology extension system

The current agricultural technology promotion system in our province is gradually formed under the long-term plan economic system. Although the agricultural technology promotion system has been adjusted and reformed in recent years, there are still problems that are not compatible with the market economic system.

Changing attitudes is a precursor, and agricultural technology should be promoted with new ideas. The first is to change from agricultural technology promotion to agricultural technology service concept, to become a comprehensive agricultural consulting service for agricultural comprehensive guidance services, and to gradually turn agricultural technology promotion institutions into an agricultural comprehensive consulting service organization; The concept of service in the whole process of production, post-production and post-production; the third is to establish the concept of technology promotion platform, give full play to the enthusiasm of the main body of multi-technology promotion; the fourth is to establish the concept of diversified support, the government gives project, capital, finance and taxation to agricultural technology promotion And other channels to support the policy.

It is necessary to adapt to the requirements of the market economy and improve the multi-level and diversified agricultural technology promotion system. The government-led agricultural technology extension system should be innovated to separate the law enforcement administrative functions of the government's agricultural technology extension institutions from the public welfare service functions. Public welfare technical services should be the main task of the government's comprehensive technology promotion. Some commercial or quasi-public welfare agricultural technology promotion is carried out by service organizations such as the government commissioned leading enterprises and farmers' professional cooperative organizations.

We should vigorously develop a market-oriented agricultural technology extension system. Formulate preferential policies and actively guide leading enterprises and intermediary organizations to participate in the construction of agricultural technology extension system. Leading enterprises have the advantages of agricultural technology promotion funds and market advantages. Leading enterprises should be encouraged to promote technology and recycle products to farmers in various forms, and to increase the income of farmers through post-production processing and sales services. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation between leading enterprises and agricultural research, education and extension departments, and accelerate the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements.

Fourth, the development of new agricultural cooperative organizations

Accelerating the development of new farmers' professional cooperative organizations in our province is an important and effective way to promote the construction of new countryside. According to statistics, as of the end of March this year, the province has registered 5,077 professional cooperatives of farmers, 41,000 registered members, and promoted more than 4 million farmers. Farmers participating in farmers' professional cooperatives increased their annual income by 22%. The production and operation of professional cooperatives covers the circulation, purchase, sale, processing and technical services of major traditional industries such as crops, poultry, livestock and aquatic products. It has formed a pioneering type of rural people, led by leading enterprises, and led by the government-related agriculture department. The pattern of multi-type cooperation and multi-form development such as social-economic organization-led and cross-village cooperation and joint-type cooperation.

As the areas covered by farmers' professional cooperatives are in backward rural areas, there are still many difficulties and problems in the process of rapid development and quality improvement: First, the legal status remains to be clarified; second, the scale is small and the development is very uneven. At the end of 2019, the average investment of 4024 professional cooperatives in the province was only 940,000 yuan. From the perspective of economic benefits, the members of cooperative economic organizations with good benefits increased their income by 20,000-50,000 yuan, only a few hundred yuan. The development of stamina is insufficient.

The farmers' professional cooperative organization is the "new engine" for the development of agricultural and rural economy at this stage. It should guide the rural areas to actively establish professional cooperative organizations through various forms of propaganda, and guide farmers to actively join professional cooperative organizations. It is recommended to set up a department dedicated to the management of farmers' professional cooperatives, and formulate relevant laws and regulations in line with the actual conditions of the province, including the legal status, purposes and principles of the professional cooperative organizations of farmers, the scope of business activities, the rights and obligations of members, financial management and internal audit, Registration, change, dissolution and liquidation, etc., to ensure its standard operation in all aspects of the system and program.

V. Actively support export-oriented leading enterprises

In recent years, our province has cultivated a number of leading enterprises of export-oriented agricultural industrialization, which has driven the export of agricultural products to grow year by year, and played an active role in promoting agricultural development and increasing farmers' income. However, from a holistic perspective, the development of export-oriented agricultural industrialization leading enterprises in our province lags behind, and there is still a big gap compared with advanced regions.

Last year, there were 323 agricultural export enterprises in the province, of which 102 were exporting more than 1 million US dollars, less than 1/10 of Shandong Province; 3 enterprises exporting 10 million yuan, less than 1/7 of Shandong Weifang City. The export products are relatively single and the grades are not high. It is mainly based on labor-intensive and oil-based crops such as aquatic products, livestock and poultry, fruits and vegetables, tea, and other land-intensive types, with low scientific and technological content and low proportion of processed products with high added value. In addition, the well-known brands are less, the product quality is not stable enough, the ability to withstand market risks is insufficient, and the radiation capacity is not strong, which hinders the leading enterprises to become bigger and stronger.

The development of export-oriented leading enterprises is an urgent need to develop modern agriculture and an inevitable requirement for increasing farmers' income. The CPPCC Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Overseas Chinese and Foreign Affairs Committee recommended that on the one hand, the province should cultivate a number of leading enterprises and implement policies on land, taxation, loan interest subsidy and other policies, such as exempting construction use tax and land use tax, and attracting social capital to invest in deep processing of agricultural products; Accelerate the proliferation of import and export management rights of various agricultural products enterprises in our province, and guide and encourage existing agricultural enterprises to develop export-oriented agriculture. On the other hand, with the help of external forces to expand a number of leading enterprises, increase investment in agriculture, improve the agricultural investment project library, carefully package and launch a number of modern agricultural investment projects, expand and strengthen investment vehicles, choose qualified places Establish a provincial-level export-oriented agricultural comprehensive development zone to promote the development of export-oriented agricultural agglomeration. In addition, we should speed up the construction of agricultural export bases and actively explore overseas markets for agricultural products.