Question opening report
The first part I, the title of the project opening report and the research plan meaning and role opening report, is the subject of the project on the basis of the investigation and research, based on the investigation and research, submitted to the higher-level approved topic selection plan. It mainly explains that this topic should be studied, whether it is conditional for research and how to prepare for research, or it can be said to be the argumentation and design of the subject. The opening report is an important part of improving the quality and level of the topic.
The research plan is the work plan of the whole research project that the researcher has developed before the research is officially established. It preliminarily specifies the specific contents and steps of various aspects of the research. The research program plays a key role in the smooth development of the entire research work, especially for those with less research experience, a good solution can prevent us from starting, or do not know what to do next after a period of time. What is the case, ensuring that the entire research work is carried out in an orderly manner. It can be said that the level of research programs is an important reflection of the quality and level of a topic.
Second, write the basic report of the opening report and research plan. Write the opening report and research plan. On the one hand, we must understand their basic structure and writing, but "the result is that you want to learn poetry, kung fu is outside the poem", write a good question. Reporting and research programs are important to do a lot of basic work. First of all, we need to understand the basic situation of other people's research in this field. The most fundamental characteristic of research work is to be creative and familiar with other people's research in this area. We will not be able to study many and mature situations. Next, repeat the path that others have walked, and stand on the basis of other people’s research, and engage in higher-level and more valuable things to study. Second, we must master the basic theoretical knowledge related to our subject, and the theoretical foundation is solid. Research work can have a solid foundation. Otherwise, without a theoretical foundation, it is difficult for you to study deep into it, and it is difficult to have real creation. Therefore, when we conduct scientific research, we must collect information in many ways and strengthen theoretical study so that when we write reports and programs, we can be more confident, and the reports and programs that are formulated can be more scientific and perfect.
The second part of the research project structure and writing research project mainly includes the following aspects:
The name of the project name is the name of the project. This seems to be a small problem, but in fact, many people write the name of the subject, often write inaccurate and inappropriate, thus affecting the image and quality of the entire subject. This is what people usually say, "only children will be born, they will not name." So how do you name the subject?
The name should be accurate and standardized.
Accuracy is the name of the subject. What is the problem of the research topic? What is the object of the research? For example, we now have a project titled “Foshan City Education Modernization Process Research”. The research object here is Foshan City, the problem of research. It is the issue of education modernization. Sometimes it is necessary to write research methods, such as the "Experimental Study of Pupils' Mental Health Education", which is the primary school student, not the middle school students or college students, the mental health education of the research questions, the main research The method is experimental research, which is very clear. When others look at it, they know what the subject is. However, the names of some subjects are not very accurate. For example, the name "the study of the penetration of moral education in subject teaching" does not make clear the research objects and problems. You are a middle school student or a primary school student or a college student. All subjects are all subjects. Or it is a single language, mathematics, etc. For another example, the name "concentrated literacy breakthrough", I think, if others only look at the topic, they can't see what the problem is, as if it is a language, it seems to be English, it is a middle school or a small country, it is a country. There is no way to see the small senior grade or the junior low school. Later, I looked at the content and learned that it is a study of English teaching in small and medium-sized schools. I think I can change it to the study of the "English language learning model". In short, the name of the subject must be consistent with the content of the research, not too big, not too small, to accurately summarize the objects and problems of your research.
The norm is that the words and sentence patterns used should be standardized and scientific, and the plausible words cannot be used. The slogan and conclusion sentence patterns should not be used. Because we are doing scientific research, we must express our thoughts and opinions in a scientific, normative language. There is a topic called “cultivating students' self-learning ability and improving classroom teaching efficiency.” If the topic is an empirical paper or a research report, I feel good, but as the name of the subject, I think it is not very good. Because the subject is the problem we have to solve, this issue is being explored, and research is starting, and there is no conclusive tone. The article is organized by
Second, the name should be concise and not too long.
No matter the paper or the subject, the name can't be too long. If you can't use the word, try not to use it. Generally, don't exceed 20 words. In this school report form, I see the name is relatively simple, I will not say more.
The purpose and significance of the research of the subject research is why it is worth studying and studying it. This can generally be discussed from the perspective of actual needs. It points out that there is such a problem in reality, and it needs to be studied and solved. What is the practical effect of the research of this topic? Then, the theoretical and academic value of the topic will be written. These must be written in a specific way, targeted, and can not be slogan slogan. Don't write all the general slogans that adhere to the party's educational policy, implement quality education, and improve the quality of education and teaching. Here, I will introduce to you a copy that I think is well written. Foshan Sanzhong Wu Qin’s teacher’s significance in the subject application form is: “After implementing the 3+x program, the chemical discipline is a In the selection of subjects, education and teaching will be affected to some extent. How to further improve the teaching and education level of high school chemistry in the current form is an urgent problem for chemists. This topic is based on 3+ x The influence of high school chemistry teaching is the lead. From 1999 to 2001, it is an observation sample. Using modern educational scientific research methods such as observation, statistics and interviews, ... study how to adjust the teaching mode and improve students in the process of 3+x implementation. The comprehensive quality and other issues have a useful discussion for improving the teaching level of high school chemistry under the new form of teaching reform." This kind of targeted writing makes people feel that they are valuable when they look at it, and they are scientific and practical.
The guiding ideology of the subject research is what direction should be adhered to in the giant view, what requirements are met, etc. This direction or requirement can be philosophy, political theory, government development planning, or guidance on research issues. Sexual opinions, etc. For the topic of a relatively large scope and a long time, everyone has a clear guiding ideology in the general aspect, which can avoid some directional errors in theoretical research. Here, I will introduce to you a paragraph in the guiding ideology of the topic written by Mr. He in the research project of "Foshan Education Modernization Process": "This research should be based on the requirements of the Party Central Committee and the state, and based on the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government. Decided that, according to the decision of the Foshan Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, combined with the national conditions, the market situation and the reality of Foshan's education reform and development, ... strive to reveal the law and expression of the process of education modernization in Foshan City, and serve the practice of education modernization in Foshan City. In addition, there is also a reference for the research and experimental program of the key subject of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" of the Guangdong Education and Scientific Research, "Subject Teaching and Quality Education". The guiding ideology of the project reads: "Insist on Marxism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Guided by the theory, starting from the "two transformations" in China's economic field and the basic requirements for basic education in our province in 2019, we will carry out all-round research on the theoretical and practical issues of implementing quality education in China's small-disciplinary teaching. Reforming experimental and theoretical research, effectively guiding the majority of Chinese teachers to in-depth teaching reform in subject teaching, comprehensively implementing the education policy, comprehensively improving the quality of education, thereby promoting the development of basic education in our province and contributing to the establishment of Guangdong as a strong province of education. ".
The goal of the research of the target research of the subject research is also the specific purpose to be achieved at the end of the project, and what specific problems to solve. Relative to the purpose and guiding ideology, the research objectives are more specific, can not be said in general terms, and must be clearly written. Only when the goal is clear and specific, can we know what the specific direction of the work is, and then know what the research focus is, and the ideas will not be disturbed by various factors. The following are the research objectives of the research project of "Subject Teaching and Quality Education": 1. Through experimental research, summarize the characteristics and laws of quality education in China's small disciplines; 2. Propose the implementation of quality in Chinese small subject teaching 3. Opinions on education; 3. Formulate the objectives and evaluation plans for implementing quality education in China's small-scale education; 4. Initially form the basic theory of Chinese small-disciplinary teaching under the quality education mechanism; 5. Improve the quality of experimental school students and promote experiments. The quality of school education has been greatly improved; 6. Promote the improvement of the quality of teachers in experimental schools and create a high-level research team.
When determining the research objectives of the project, on the one hand, we must consider the requirements of the project itself, and on the other hand, consider the actual working conditions and work levels of the research team.
V. Basic Contents of the Subject Research We have the research objectives of the subject. It is necessary to determine the specific content of our research according to the objectives. The research content should be more specific and clear than the research objectives. And a goal may be achieved through several aspects of research, they are not necessarily one-to-one correspondence. When we determine the content of the research, we often do not consider it very specific. The research content written is particularly general and vague, and the purpose and significance of the research are taken as research content, which is very unfavorable for our entire research. Therefore, we must learn to break down the subject and do it little by little. Here is an example for you: the research project of the “Guangzhou Pickup and Nine-Year” key project “Study and Experiment of Chinese Language Activity Class” pointed out that the focus of this research is how to carry out the Chinese language activities in a scientific, orderly and effective manner. The content includes the following three aspects.
1. According to the situation of the students of all grades in the middle school and the requirements of Chinese teaching, the detailed target regulations for the development of the cognitive, micro, and motor skills of the Chinese language classes will be established, so as to establish the goal of the Chinese language activity curriculum. system.
2. According to the objectives of the language activity class and the characteristics of the language subject in all grades of the country, arrange the content of the language activity class in all grades of the country, and arrange the content to be full, precise and orderly, and initially form a relatively complete activity class content system.
3. According to the target content of the language activity classes of all grades in the middle school and the rational characteristics of the students of all grades in the middle school, explore the learning activities of the Chinese language activity courses, determine the teaching time, space and program of the activity courses, and form a variety of Practical and feasible language activity teaching mode.
6. Steps of the research of the subject The steps of the research of the subject, that is, the arrangement of the subject research in time and sequence. The steps of the research should fully consider the interrelationship and difficulty level of the research content. Under normal circumstances, it starts from the basic problem and is carried out in stages. The time from each time to the end of each stage must be stipulated.
Seven, the method of research research There are many methods of educational research, including historical research methods, research methods, experimental research methods, comparative research methods, theoretical research methods. A large subject often requires multiple methods, and a small subject may be mainly a method, but other methods are also used.
When applying various methods, we must strictly follow the requirements of the method, and we must do it by experience and common sense. For example, we have to investigate and understand the situation. How do we formulate a questionnaire and how to conduct an analysis? It is not a casual form to make a table. It is enough to do some percentages and averages.
Eight, the results of the research The form of the research results include reports, papers, monographs, software, courseware and other forms. Different topics, the content and form of research results are different, but regardless of the form, the research of the subject must have results. Otherwise, this topic will not be completed.
IX. Organization and division of personnel in the research project In the program, the team leader, deputy leader, team members and division of labor shall be written. The leader of the research team is the person in charge of this topic. A research group should include three people, one is the right to the right, the second is the person of insight, and the third is the person with lofty ideals. If you have the right to the subject, you can get more support. If you know the quality and level of the subject, you will have a higher level. If you are interested, you can not be afraid of hard work and do it in a down-to-earth manner. The division of labor of the research team must be clear and reasonable, and strive to let everyone understand their work and responsibilities, not to eat big pots. However, on the basis of the division of labor, we must also pay attention to the cooperation of all personnel, and we will jointly study and discuss together to overcome various difficulties and problems in the research process. The structure and writing of the opening report of the third part mainly includes the following aspects:
The purpose and significance of the research of the subject name The theoretical basis, research level, and development trend of the research topic at home and abroad. The main research content, the method of the research work, the composition of the project participants and the expertise of the existing basic funding estimate, the status quo and level of research at home and abroad The development trend is that no one has studied this topic, what level of research is achieved, what is lacking, and what direction is being developed. The opening report can be used to demonstrate the status and value of the research on the one hand, and on the other hand, whether the researcher has a good grasp of the research of this topic. We carry out any scientific research and must have a clear understanding of the current state of research on this issue, which was discussed in the first part.
The theoretical basis of the subject research is basically the application of research and development research, which requires our research to have some basic theoretical basis to ensure the scientific nature of the research. For example, if we want to conduct experimental research on activity classes, we must use the theory of curriculum, the theory of learning psychology, and the theory of educational psychology as the theoretical basis for research experiments. When we carry out the innovation experiment of teaching mode, we must base on the theory of teaching and the theory of educational experiment.
The composition and expertise of the participants of the project mainly depends on the overall quality and level of the participants, especially the level of the project leader. If the participants and the responsible person have neither theory nor practical experience, the subject cannot be completed well and the project cannot be approved.
The existing foundation is mainly based on personnel and material. Many subjects have relatively high requirements on personnel and equipment. If the basic research conditions are not available, this topic cannot be established.
The estimate of the cost is in which areas the project will use money, how much money to use, how to manage it, etc.
The research plan is the work plan of the whole research project that the researcher has developed before the research is officially established. It preliminarily specifies the specific contents and steps of various aspects of the research. The research program plays a key role in the smooth development of the entire research work, especially for those with less research experience, a good solution can prevent us from starting, or do not know what to do next after a period of time. What is the case, ensuring that the entire research work is carried out in an orderly manner. It can be said that the level of research programs is an important reflection of the quality and level of a topic.
Second, write the basic report of the opening report and research plan. Write the opening report and research plan. On the one hand, we must understand their basic structure and writing, but "the result is that you want to learn poetry, kung fu is outside the poem", write a good question. Reporting and research programs are important to do a lot of basic work. First of all, we need to understand the basic situation of other people's research in this field. The most fundamental characteristic of research work is to be creative and familiar with other people's research in this area. We will not be able to study many and mature situations. Next, repeat the path that others have walked, and stand on the basis of other people’s research, and engage in higher-level and more valuable things to study. Second, we must master the basic theoretical knowledge related to our subject, and the theoretical foundation is solid. Research work can have a solid foundation. Otherwise, without a theoretical foundation, it is difficult for you to study deep into it, and it is difficult to have real creation. Therefore, when we conduct scientific research, we must collect information in many ways and strengthen theoretical study so that when we write reports and programs, we can be more confident, and the reports and programs that are formulated can be more scientific and perfect.
The second part of the research project structure and writing research project mainly includes the following aspects:
The name of the project name is the name of the project. This seems to be a small problem, but in fact, many people write the name of the subject, often write inaccurate and inappropriate, thus affecting the image and quality of the entire subject. This is what people usually say, "only children will be born, they will not name." So how do you name the subject?
The name should be accurate and standardized.
Accuracy is the name of the subject. What is the problem of the research topic? What is the object of the research? For example, we now have a project titled “Foshan City Education Modernization Process Research”. The research object here is Foshan City, the problem of research. It is the issue of education modernization. Sometimes it is necessary to write research methods, such as the "Experimental Study of Pupils' Mental Health Education", which is the primary school student, not the middle school students or college students, the mental health education of the research questions, the main research The method is experimental research, which is very clear. When others look at it, they know what the subject is. However, the names of some subjects are not very accurate. For example, the name "the study of the penetration of moral education in subject teaching" does not make clear the research objects and problems. You are a middle school student or a primary school student or a college student. All subjects are all subjects. Or it is a single language, mathematics, etc. For another example, the name "concentrated literacy breakthrough", I think, if others only look at the topic, they can't see what the problem is, as if it is a language, it seems to be English, it is a middle school or a small country, it is a country. There is no way to see the small senior grade or the junior low school. Later, I looked at the content and learned that it is a study of English teaching in small and medium-sized schools. I think I can change it to the study of the "English language learning model". In short, the name of the subject must be consistent with the content of the research, not too big, not too small, to accurately summarize the objects and problems of your research.
The norm is that the words and sentence patterns used should be standardized and scientific, and the plausible words cannot be used. The slogan and conclusion sentence patterns should not be used. Because we are doing scientific research, we must express our thoughts and opinions in a scientific, normative language. There is a topic called “cultivating students' self-learning ability and improving classroom teaching efficiency.” If the topic is an empirical paper or a research report, I feel good, but as the name of the subject, I think it is not very good. Because the subject is the problem we have to solve, this issue is being explored, and research is starting, and there is no conclusive tone. The article is organized by
Second, the name should be concise and not too long.
No matter the paper or the subject, the name can't be too long. If you can't use the word, try not to use it. Generally, don't exceed 20 words. In this school report form, I see the name is relatively simple, I will not say more.
The purpose and significance of the research of the subject research is why it is worth studying and studying it. This can generally be discussed from the perspective of actual needs. It points out that there is such a problem in reality, and it needs to be studied and solved. What is the practical effect of the research of this topic? Then, the theoretical and academic value of the topic will be written. These must be written in a specific way, targeted, and can not be slogan slogan. Don't write all the general slogans that adhere to the party's educational policy, implement quality education, and improve the quality of education and teaching. Here, I will introduce to you a copy that I think is well written. Foshan Sanzhong Wu Qin’s teacher’s significance in the subject application form is: “After implementing the 3+x program, the chemical discipline is a In the selection of subjects, education and teaching will be affected to some extent. How to further improve the teaching and education level of high school chemistry in the current form is an urgent problem for chemists. This topic is based on 3+ x The influence of high school chemistry teaching is the lead. From 1999 to 2001, it is an observation sample. Using modern educational scientific research methods such as observation, statistics and interviews, ... study how to adjust the teaching mode and improve students in the process of 3+x implementation. The comprehensive quality and other issues have a useful discussion for improving the teaching level of high school chemistry under the new form of teaching reform." This kind of targeted writing makes people feel that they are valuable when they look at it, and they are scientific and practical.
The guiding ideology of the subject research is what direction should be adhered to in the giant view, what requirements are met, etc. This direction or requirement can be philosophy, political theory, government development planning, or guidance on research issues. Sexual opinions, etc. For the topic of a relatively large scope and a long time, everyone has a clear guiding ideology in the general aspect, which can avoid some directional errors in theoretical research. Here, I will introduce to you a paragraph in the guiding ideology of the topic written by Mr. He in the research project of "Foshan Education Modernization Process": "This research should be based on the requirements of the Party Central Committee and the state, and based on the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government. Decided that, according to the decision of the Foshan Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, combined with the national conditions, the market situation and the reality of Foshan's education reform and development, ... strive to reveal the law and expression of the process of education modernization in Foshan City, and serve the practice of education modernization in Foshan City. In addition, there is also a reference for the research and experimental program of the key subject of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" of the Guangdong Education and Scientific Research, "Subject Teaching and Quality Education". The guiding ideology of the project reads: "Insist on Marxism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Guided by the theory, starting from the "two transformations" in China's economic field and the basic requirements for basic education in our province in 2019, we will carry out all-round research on the theoretical and practical issues of implementing quality education in China's small-disciplinary teaching. Reforming experimental and theoretical research, effectively guiding the majority of Chinese teachers to in-depth teaching reform in subject teaching, comprehensively implementing the education policy, comprehensively improving the quality of education, thereby promoting the development of basic education in our province and contributing to the establishment of Guangdong as a strong province of education. ".
The goal of the research of the target research of the subject research is also the specific purpose to be achieved at the end of the project, and what specific problems to solve. Relative to the purpose and guiding ideology, the research objectives are more specific, can not be said in general terms, and must be clearly written. Only when the goal is clear and specific, can we know what the specific direction of the work is, and then know what the research focus is, and the ideas will not be disturbed by various factors. The following are the research objectives of the research project of "Subject Teaching and Quality Education": 1. Through experimental research, summarize the characteristics and laws of quality education in China's small disciplines; 2. Propose the implementation of quality in Chinese small subject teaching 3. Opinions on education; 3. Formulate the objectives and evaluation plans for implementing quality education in China's small-scale education; 4. Initially form the basic theory of Chinese small-disciplinary teaching under the quality education mechanism; 5. Improve the quality of experimental school students and promote experiments. The quality of school education has been greatly improved; 6. Promote the improvement of the quality of teachers in experimental schools and create a high-level research team.
When determining the research objectives of the project, on the one hand, we must consider the requirements of the project itself, and on the other hand, consider the actual working conditions and work levels of the research team.
V. Basic Contents of the Subject Research We have the research objectives of the subject. It is necessary to determine the specific content of our research according to the objectives. The research content should be more specific and clear than the research objectives. And a goal may be achieved through several aspects of research, they are not necessarily one-to-one correspondence. When we determine the content of the research, we often do not consider it very specific. The research content written is particularly general and vague, and the purpose and significance of the research are taken as research content, which is very unfavorable for our entire research. Therefore, we must learn to break down the subject and do it little by little. Here is an example for you: the research project of the “Guangzhou Pickup and Nine-Year” key project “Study and Experiment of Chinese Language Activity Class” pointed out that the focus of this research is how to carry out the Chinese language activities in a scientific, orderly and effective manner. The content includes the following three aspects.
1. According to the situation of the students of all grades in the middle school and the requirements of Chinese teaching, the detailed target regulations for the development of the cognitive, micro, and motor skills of the Chinese language classes will be established, so as to establish the goal of the Chinese language activity curriculum. system.
2. According to the objectives of the language activity class and the characteristics of the language subject in all grades of the country, arrange the content of the language activity class in all grades of the country, and arrange the content to be full, precise and orderly, and initially form a relatively complete activity class content system.
3. According to the target content of the language activity classes of all grades in the middle school and the rational characteristics of the students of all grades in the middle school, explore the learning activities of the Chinese language activity courses, determine the teaching time, space and program of the activity courses, and form a variety of Practical and feasible language activity teaching mode.
6. Steps of the research of the subject The steps of the research of the subject, that is, the arrangement of the subject research in time and sequence. The steps of the research should fully consider the interrelationship and difficulty level of the research content. Under normal circumstances, it starts from the basic problem and is carried out in stages. The time from each time to the end of each stage must be stipulated.
Seven, the method of research research There are many methods of educational research, including historical research methods, research methods, experimental research methods, comparative research methods, theoretical research methods. A large subject often requires multiple methods, and a small subject may be mainly a method, but other methods are also used.
When applying various methods, we must strictly follow the requirements of the method, and we must do it by experience and common sense. For example, we have to investigate and understand the situation. How do we formulate a questionnaire and how to conduct an analysis? It is not a casual form to make a table. It is enough to do some percentages and averages.
Eight, the results of the research The form of the research results include reports, papers, monographs, software, courseware and other forms. Different topics, the content and form of research results are different, but regardless of the form, the research of the subject must have results. Otherwise, this topic will not be completed.
IX. Organization and division of personnel in the research project In the program, the team leader, deputy leader, team members and division of labor shall be written. The leader of the research team is the person in charge of this topic. A research group should include three people, one is the right to the right, the second is the person of insight, and the third is the person with lofty ideals. If you have the right to the subject, you can get more support. If you know the quality and level of the subject, you will have a higher level. If you are interested, you can not be afraid of hard work and do it in a down-to-earth manner. The division of labor of the research team must be clear and reasonable, and strive to let everyone understand their work and responsibilities, not to eat big pots. However, on the basis of the division of labor, we must also pay attention to the cooperation of all personnel, and we will jointly study and discuss together to overcome various difficulties and problems in the research process. The structure and writing of the opening report of the third part mainly includes the following aspects:
The purpose and significance of the research of the subject name The theoretical basis, research level, and development trend of the research topic at home and abroad. The main research content, the method of the research work, the composition of the project participants and the expertise of the existing basic funding estimate, the status quo and level of research at home and abroad The development trend is that no one has studied this topic, what level of research is achieved, what is lacking, and what direction is being developed. The opening report can be used to demonstrate the status and value of the research on the one hand, and on the other hand, whether the researcher has a good grasp of the research of this topic. We carry out any scientific research and must have a clear understanding of the current state of research on this issue, which was discussed in the first part.
The theoretical basis of the subject research is basically the application of research and development research, which requires our research to have some basic theoretical basis to ensure the scientific nature of the research. For example, if we want to conduct experimental research on activity classes, we must use the theory of curriculum, the theory of learning psychology, and the theory of educational psychology as the theoretical basis for research experiments. When we carry out the innovation experiment of teaching mode, we must base on the theory of teaching and the theory of educational experiment.
The composition and expertise of the participants of the project mainly depends on the overall quality and level of the participants, especially the level of the project leader. If the participants and the responsible person have neither theory nor practical experience, the subject cannot be completed well and the project cannot be approved.
The existing foundation is mainly based on personnel and material. Many subjects have relatively high requirements on personnel and equipment. If the basic research conditions are not available, this topic cannot be established.
The estimate of the cost is in which areas the project will use money, how much money to use, how to manage it, etc.
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