Subject experiment opening report
First, the background of the study
1. Internationally: The Convention on Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment of Disabled Persons, published by the ILO General Assembly in 1983, defines the theme as “full participation and equality”, which emphasizes the following: a comprehensive world of persons with disabilities The action plan provides effective measures at the international and national levels to achieve the goal of “full participation” of persons with disabilities in social life and social development, as well as the goal of “equality”, and taking into account that these developments have made it possible to adopt new International standards, these new standards take into account, in particular, the need to ensure equal opportunities and treatment for employment and social integration of persons with disabilities in urban and rural areas, and have decided to adopt the fourth item of the agenda of this session on occupational rehabilitation. It is proposed and determined that these proposals should take the form of international conventions. The following conventions were adopted on June 20, 1983, and were referred to as the 1983 Convention on Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment. Article 7 The competent authority shall take measures to provide and evaluate vocational guidance, vocational training, resettlement, employment and other related services so that persons with disabilities can obtain and maintain their careers and be promoted; existing services for general workers, as long as Possible and appropriate, they should be used after necessary adjustments. Article 8 Measures shall be taken to promote the establishment and development of vocational rehabilitation and employment services for the disabled in rural and remote areas.
Article 9 Member States shall endeavour to ensure the provision of training and rehabilitation consultants and other appropriate qualified staff responsible for vocational guidance, vocational training, placement and employment of persons with disabilities.
2. Domestic: Article 15 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Disabled Persons The government and relevant departments have plans to set up rehabilitation medicine departments in hospitals, organize necessary specialized rehabilitation institutions, carry out rehabilitation medical treatment and training, scientific research, and personnel training. And technical guidance work. People's governments at all levels and relevant departments shall organize and guide urban and rural community service networks, medical preventive health care networks, disabled people's organizations, disabled families and other social forces to carry out community rehabilitation work. Educational institutions for the disabled, welfare enterprises and institutions, and other institutions that serve the disabled shall create conditions for rehabilitation training activities. Under the guidance of professional staff and the help of relevant staff, volunteers and relatives, disabled persons should strive to train their functions, self-care and labor skills.
Article 20: Education for persons with disabilities shall adopt a policy of combining popularization with improvement and focusing on popularization, focusing on the development of compulsory education and vocational and technical education, actively carrying out preschool education, and gradually developing advanced secondary education.
3. In Beijing's “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, the development plan for the disabled is: “Build a supportive and protective “hand in hand” vocational rehabilitation station in the community, and properly arrange mentally disabled, mentally disabled and moderately and severely disabled. People carry out skills training and vocational rehabilitation."
4. Basic Status of Research The Special Education Branch of the China Education Society held the “National Special Education School Vocational Education Seminar” in June 1st, XX, in Shenzhen City and June XX in Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province. Job-based training and vocational rehabilitation education for students with disabilities have been carried out to varying degrees in special education schools across the province. The Pinggu District Special Education Center is one of the 18 special suburban counties in Beijing. Since the deaf education in 1976 and the admission of students with intellectual disabilities in XX, it has become a comprehensive and weak integration. Special education schools always take the responsibility of cultivating students to master the skills. However, with the decreasing number of students with hearing impairment and mild intellectual disabilities, some of the advantages of training programs such as paper-cutting, handicrafts, crocheting, repairing, and haircuts have been made. The courses have been shocked to a certain extent, looking for new breakthroughs, placed in front of our special education.
In XX, our school re-adjusted the work of vocational and technical education. In the school, it is based on the "playing middle school" and "art production" in the lower grades; the middle and upper grades carry out the unique "绢花制作". Outside the school, we are not only based on Pinggu, but also the convenience of “Taoxiang” in Beijing and even the whole country; its unique water system and soil have also enabled our vegetable breeding industry to develop. To this end, we seek the support of the government departments, and in March 2019 we established our own labor rehabilitation training base, so that our poor and weak senior students can receive more systematic labor education and training before the end of nine-year compulsory education. . In addition, in September XX, in cooperation with the Pinggu District Disabled Persons' Federation, we established the first vocational rehabilitation labor station for adults with intellectual disabilities in Pinggu District. This labor station absorbed the graduation of our school. Children who have been unable to find a job and have no skills, are all over 16 years of age. It is precisely because we have our own labor rehabilitation training practice base, with our different research objects from society and schools, we are able to determine our own research ideas and directions.
Second, the purpose of the research of the purpose of our education - people with intellectual disabilities, as a member of society, and we are eager to live a happy life, and they also have the equal desire to participate in social life and their rights, they There is also the expectation that we will become the creators of social wealth like us. Enjoy the same rights and dignity as normal people, and only through their own labor and efforts can they be recognized by others. In the 21st century, we are also facing intense and fierce competition. The natural law of “survival of the fittest” is ruthlessly placed in these special groups that need people to support. It is our responsibility to engage in special education workers by providing them with viable education, targeted vocational rehabilitation training, and improving their employability so that they can participate in social life on an equal footing.
Therefore, the significance of this topic lies in: 1. Enriching the new ideas of vocational and technical education in special education schools in China and improving our special education system. 2. Help students in special education schools to conduct targeted pre-employment job training. 3. Expand the education content of special education schools to the training and education of adult obstacles that need to be supported by the whole society, and take the road of combining with society. 4. The research results of this subject can be directly applied to the educational practice activities of special education schools. It has important practical significance for transforming teachers' ideological concepts, improving the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities, and comprehensively promoting quality education.
III. Theoretical Basis The research on vocational rehabilitation training for young intellectual disabled persons in special education schools is in line with Marxism-Leninism's theory of "combination of education and production labor".
Carrying out targeted labor skills education and vocational rehabilitation training education in rural special education schools is an important way to implement the party's educational policy and realize the combination of education and production labor. Marx pointed out in "Capital": "Future education is a combination of productive labor and intellectual education and sports for all children of a certain age. It is not only a way to improve social production, but also a person who has made comprehensive development. The only way to do it." Marx's scientific thesis points out the importance of labor in the overall development of human beings. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out at the National Education Work Conference in April 1978; "In order to cultivate qualified personnel needed for socialist construction, we must seriously study how to better implement the policy of combining education with productive labor under new conditions. The rapid development of economy and technology requires the rapid development of education quality and educational efficiency, requires the rapid improvement of education quality and educational efficiency, and requires us to continuously develop new content and methods in the combination of education and production labor." Comrade xx pointed out at the National Education Work Conference in 1994: "Labor education is an important part of China's education policy and a basic measure for adhering to the direction of socialist education."
The study of vocational education in rural Peizhi schools is a major part of implementing the party's education regulations.
In March 1985, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China stated in the "Decision on the Reform of the Education System" that "the practice link is not taken seriously, which is a major drawback of China's current education system." “Education must overcome the tendency to deviate from the actual and one-sided pursuit of higher education rates.” Further indicates that the combination of education and productive labor is one of the ways to solve this problem. In February 1993, the Party Central Committee and the State Council emphasized in the "Outline of China's Education Reform and Development" that "enhancing the education of labor and labor skills is an important way and content to achieve the goal of school training. All levels of schools must Labor education is included in the teaching plan, and it is gradually institutionalized and serialized."
Our party's education policy is "to persist in education for socialism to serve the people, to adhere to the combination of education and social practice, to improve the quality of the people as the fundamental purpose, to focus on cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability, to strive to create ideals, Morality, culture, discipline, moral education, intellectual education, sports, aesthetic education and other comprehensive development of socialist builders and successors."
The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made an important strategic decision to "prioritize the development of education and build a country with strong human resources." It put forward a new goal of "trying to make all the people learn to teach" and stressed that "education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation. Education Fairness is an important foundation for social equity." At the just-concluded 11th National People's Congress meeting, Prime Minister xx re-emphasized in the "Government Work Report" that "to vigorously develop vocational education" and "train high-quality skilled talents."
The study of vocational education in rural schools is a new need for the development of special education in the new situation.
Former Soviet educator Suhomlinski said: "The intellectual richness of school life depends, in most cases, on the combination of intellectual activity and physical labor." "Creation in labor is the most powerful way to develop students' intelligence. One of the stimuli." These all indicate that intelligence is formed and developed in the process of mastering knowledge and skills, and labor education has promoted the development of intelligence.
In the early 1920s, Mr. Tao Xingzhi, an educational practicer in China, attached great importance to labor education, paid attention to the cultivation of students' labor habits, and regarded labor education as a compulsory course for students. He believed that "only the education that works hard on labor can create The human beings who work hard on labor can conquer the natural forces and create the Datong society." Therefore, the great "teaching and integration" life education theory is put forward. It can be seen that through practical activities, it is an effective means to strengthen labor education. The practical activities of labor education should have purpose, content, method and position.
The "Nine-Year Compulsory Education Curriculum Project" stipulates that the main task of labor education is to "provide students with basic labor knowledge and skills and cultivate correct labor through self-service labor, housework, public welfare labor, and simple production labor." Concept, good working habits, love of labor and the feelings of working people." This shows that strengthening student labor education is an important issue.
The development and practice of targeted vocational rehabilitation training bases in rural special education schools is in line with the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government's implementation of the Party’s 17th National Congress’s strategic goal of “promoting the humanitarian spirit and developing the cause of the disabled”, in line with Beijing Municipality. In the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", it is necessary to achieve the goal of "rehabilitation services for all" for people with rehabilitation needs in 2019, so that disabled people with employment needs generally receive vocational skills training.
The training of vocational rehabilitation labor projects for mentally handicapped youths is carried out by the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission, the Civil Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Labor Security Bureau, the Municipal Health Bureau, and the Municipal Disabled Persons' Federation. In the notice of the "Opinions on the Development of Vocational Rehabilitation Labor Projects for Disabled Persons in the City", the promotion of employment within the working age group
1. Internationally: The Convention on Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment of Disabled Persons, published by the ILO General Assembly in 1983, defines the theme as “full participation and equality”, which emphasizes the following: a comprehensive world of persons with disabilities The action plan provides effective measures at the international and national levels to achieve the goal of “full participation” of persons with disabilities in social life and social development, as well as the goal of “equality”, and taking into account that these developments have made it possible to adopt new International standards, these new standards take into account, in particular, the need to ensure equal opportunities and treatment for employment and social integration of persons with disabilities in urban and rural areas, and have decided to adopt the fourth item of the agenda of this session on occupational rehabilitation. It is proposed and determined that these proposals should take the form of international conventions. The following conventions were adopted on June 20, 1983, and were referred to as the 1983 Convention on Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment. Article 7 The competent authority shall take measures to provide and evaluate vocational guidance, vocational training, resettlement, employment and other related services so that persons with disabilities can obtain and maintain their careers and be promoted; existing services for general workers, as long as Possible and appropriate, they should be used after necessary adjustments. Article 8 Measures shall be taken to promote the establishment and development of vocational rehabilitation and employment services for the disabled in rural and remote areas.
Article 9 Member States shall endeavour to ensure the provision of training and rehabilitation consultants and other appropriate qualified staff responsible for vocational guidance, vocational training, placement and employment of persons with disabilities.
2. Domestic: Article 15 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Disabled Persons The government and relevant departments have plans to set up rehabilitation medicine departments in hospitals, organize necessary specialized rehabilitation institutions, carry out rehabilitation medical treatment and training, scientific research, and personnel training. And technical guidance work. People's governments at all levels and relevant departments shall organize and guide urban and rural community service networks, medical preventive health care networks, disabled people's organizations, disabled families and other social forces to carry out community rehabilitation work. Educational institutions for the disabled, welfare enterprises and institutions, and other institutions that serve the disabled shall create conditions for rehabilitation training activities. Under the guidance of professional staff and the help of relevant staff, volunteers and relatives, disabled persons should strive to train their functions, self-care and labor skills.
Article 20: Education for persons with disabilities shall adopt a policy of combining popularization with improvement and focusing on popularization, focusing on the development of compulsory education and vocational and technical education, actively carrying out preschool education, and gradually developing advanced secondary education.
3. In Beijing's “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, the development plan for the disabled is: “Build a supportive and protective “hand in hand” vocational rehabilitation station in the community, and properly arrange mentally disabled, mentally disabled and moderately and severely disabled. People carry out skills training and vocational rehabilitation."
4. Basic Status of Research The Special Education Branch of the China Education Society held the “National Special Education School Vocational Education Seminar” in June 1st, XX, in Shenzhen City and June XX in Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province. Job-based training and vocational rehabilitation education for students with disabilities have been carried out to varying degrees in special education schools across the province. The Pinggu District Special Education Center is one of the 18 special suburban counties in Beijing. Since the deaf education in 1976 and the admission of students with intellectual disabilities in XX, it has become a comprehensive and weak integration. Special education schools always take the responsibility of cultivating students to master the skills. However, with the decreasing number of students with hearing impairment and mild intellectual disabilities, some of the advantages of training programs such as paper-cutting, handicrafts, crocheting, repairing, and haircuts have been made. The courses have been shocked to a certain extent, looking for new breakthroughs, placed in front of our special education.
In XX, our school re-adjusted the work of vocational and technical education. In the school, it is based on the "playing middle school" and "art production" in the lower grades; the middle and upper grades carry out the unique "绢花制作". Outside the school, we are not only based on Pinggu, but also the convenience of “Taoxiang” in Beijing and even the whole country; its unique water system and soil have also enabled our vegetable breeding industry to develop. To this end, we seek the support of the government departments, and in March 2019 we established our own labor rehabilitation training base, so that our poor and weak senior students can receive more systematic labor education and training before the end of nine-year compulsory education. . In addition, in September XX, in cooperation with the Pinggu District Disabled Persons' Federation, we established the first vocational rehabilitation labor station for adults with intellectual disabilities in Pinggu District. This labor station absorbed the graduation of our school. Children who have been unable to find a job and have no skills, are all over 16 years of age. It is precisely because we have our own labor rehabilitation training practice base, with our different research objects from society and schools, we are able to determine our own research ideas and directions.
Second, the purpose of the research of the purpose of our education - people with intellectual disabilities, as a member of society, and we are eager to live a happy life, and they also have the equal desire to participate in social life and their rights, they There is also the expectation that we will become the creators of social wealth like us. Enjoy the same rights and dignity as normal people, and only through their own labor and efforts can they be recognized by others. In the 21st century, we are also facing intense and fierce competition. The natural law of “survival of the fittest” is ruthlessly placed in these special groups that need people to support. It is our responsibility to engage in special education workers by providing them with viable education, targeted vocational rehabilitation training, and improving their employability so that they can participate in social life on an equal footing.
Therefore, the significance of this topic lies in: 1. Enriching the new ideas of vocational and technical education in special education schools in China and improving our special education system. 2. Help students in special education schools to conduct targeted pre-employment job training. 3. Expand the education content of special education schools to the training and education of adult obstacles that need to be supported by the whole society, and take the road of combining with society. 4. The research results of this subject can be directly applied to the educational practice activities of special education schools. It has important practical significance for transforming teachers' ideological concepts, improving the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities, and comprehensively promoting quality education.
III. Theoretical Basis The research on vocational rehabilitation training for young intellectual disabled persons in special education schools is in line with Marxism-Leninism's theory of "combination of education and production labor".
Carrying out targeted labor skills education and vocational rehabilitation training education in rural special education schools is an important way to implement the party's educational policy and realize the combination of education and production labor. Marx pointed out in "Capital": "Future education is a combination of productive labor and intellectual education and sports for all children of a certain age. It is not only a way to improve social production, but also a person who has made comprehensive development. The only way to do it." Marx's scientific thesis points out the importance of labor in the overall development of human beings. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out at the National Education Work Conference in April 1978; "In order to cultivate qualified personnel needed for socialist construction, we must seriously study how to better implement the policy of combining education with productive labor under new conditions. The rapid development of economy and technology requires the rapid development of education quality and educational efficiency, requires the rapid improvement of education quality and educational efficiency, and requires us to continuously develop new content and methods in the combination of education and production labor." Comrade xx pointed out at the National Education Work Conference in 1994: "Labor education is an important part of China's education policy and a basic measure for adhering to the direction of socialist education."
The study of vocational education in rural Peizhi schools is a major part of implementing the party's education regulations.
In March 1985, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China stated in the "Decision on the Reform of the Education System" that "the practice link is not taken seriously, which is a major drawback of China's current education system." “Education must overcome the tendency to deviate from the actual and one-sided pursuit of higher education rates.” Further indicates that the combination of education and productive labor is one of the ways to solve this problem. In February 1993, the Party Central Committee and the State Council emphasized in the "Outline of China's Education Reform and Development" that "enhancing the education of labor and labor skills is an important way and content to achieve the goal of school training. All levels of schools must Labor education is included in the teaching plan, and it is gradually institutionalized and serialized."
Our party's education policy is "to persist in education for socialism to serve the people, to adhere to the combination of education and social practice, to improve the quality of the people as the fundamental purpose, to focus on cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability, to strive to create ideals, Morality, culture, discipline, moral education, intellectual education, sports, aesthetic education and other comprehensive development of socialist builders and successors."
The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made an important strategic decision to "prioritize the development of education and build a country with strong human resources." It put forward a new goal of "trying to make all the people learn to teach" and stressed that "education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation. Education Fairness is an important foundation for social equity." At the just-concluded 11th National People's Congress meeting, Prime Minister xx re-emphasized in the "Government Work Report" that "to vigorously develop vocational education" and "train high-quality skilled talents."
The study of vocational education in rural schools is a new need for the development of special education in the new situation.
Former Soviet educator Suhomlinski said: "The intellectual richness of school life depends, in most cases, on the combination of intellectual activity and physical labor." "Creation in labor is the most powerful way to develop students' intelligence. One of the stimuli." These all indicate that intelligence is formed and developed in the process of mastering knowledge and skills, and labor education has promoted the development of intelligence.
In the early 1920s, Mr. Tao Xingzhi, an educational practicer in China, attached great importance to labor education, paid attention to the cultivation of students' labor habits, and regarded labor education as a compulsory course for students. He believed that "only the education that works hard on labor can create The human beings who work hard on labor can conquer the natural forces and create the Datong society." Therefore, the great "teaching and integration" life education theory is put forward. It can be seen that through practical activities, it is an effective means to strengthen labor education. The practical activities of labor education should have purpose, content, method and position.
The "Nine-Year Compulsory Education Curriculum Project" stipulates that the main task of labor education is to "provide students with basic labor knowledge and skills and cultivate correct labor through self-service labor, housework, public welfare labor, and simple production labor." Concept, good working habits, love of labor and the feelings of working people." This shows that strengthening student labor education is an important issue.
The development and practice of targeted vocational rehabilitation training bases in rural special education schools is in line with the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government's implementation of the Party’s 17th National Congress’s strategic goal of “promoting the humanitarian spirit and developing the cause of the disabled”, in line with Beijing Municipality. In the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", it is necessary to achieve the goal of "rehabilitation services for all" for people with rehabilitation needs in 2019, so that disabled people with employment needs generally receive vocational skills training.
The training of vocational rehabilitation labor projects for mentally handicapped youths is carried out by the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission, the Civil Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Labor Security Bureau, the Municipal Health Bureau, and the Municipal Disabled Persons' Federation. In the notice of the "Opinions on the Development of Vocational Rehabilitation Labor Projects for Disabled Persons in the City", the promotion of employment within the working age group
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