Thoughts and Analysis on the Strategic Adjustment of Rural Industrial Structure in Our District

I. Problems Existing in Rural Industrial Structure in Pingliang Region Since the reform and development, the rural industrial structure in our district has undergone many adjustments from planning guidance to market selection, and the industrial structure has undergone profound changes. The comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been continuously improved, and the transformation from total insufficient to high-yield self-sufficiency has been realized. However, comparing Pingliang in the big pattern of the whole province and even the whole country, the development of the rural economy in the whole district is still partial and low-level. The main problems of its existence are:
1 "The continued development of agriculture has encountered difficulties. Although Pingliang's rural industrial structure has certain changes, it is still not suitable for the sustainable development of agriculture. In particular, the price of agricultural production materials has risen this year, and the sales price of agricultural products has been basically balanced by the influence of market supply and demand. The price reduction of some products is still relatively large. For example, in recent years, the price of flue-cured tobacco, apples and pork has been relatively large. There is a situation of selling difficulties. This aspect is related to the quality of the product, and on the other hand, the industrial structure is unreasonable. The phenomenon of selling agricultural products has damped the enthusiasm of farmers for production and affected farmers' investment in agriculture. The sustainable development of agriculture is facing a huge test.
2 The structure of the three industries in rural areas is irrational and the level of economic structure is low. According to the information of Pingliang Forum, as a whole, as of the end of 1999, the proportion of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in the total economic aggregate was adjusted from 64:36:0 in 1978 to 36 in 1999: 30:34. It can be seen that the overall characteristics of the Pingliang industrial structure are: the primary industry still occupies an important position, and the development of the secondary and tertiary industries is seriously lagging behind, directly affecting the sustainable development of agriculture in our region. In short, from the perspective of the agricultural structure, the proportion of planting industry accounts for more than 80%, the foundation of aquaculture industry is poor, the economic output of forestry is low, and the overall agricultural economy is still running smoothly; from the perspective of agricultural product variety structure, the structure is single. The names of food, animal husbandry, vegetables and other industries are few, and the products are not suitable for market diversification. Some products are structurally and regionally temporary surpluses, resulting in falling prices and slow growth of farmers' income. The production scale of most products in agricultural products is small, the added value of products is extremely low, and there is no obvious scale benefit.
3) Rural industry has great development, but there are still many problems: First, the repetition rate of rural industry and urban industry is very high, second, the connection between rural industry and agriculture is very low, and third, there are many serious problems in rural industry. Self-constraints, such as extensive management, environmental pollution, waste of resources, etc. Fourth, technical equipment is backward, and regional development is uneven.
The above situation shows that due to the unbalanced development of the three industries and the irrational internal composition of each industry, the problem of unreasonable rural industrial structure still exists. The main reason is that, first of all, the contradiction of the dual economic structure determines that the agricultural industrial structure in our district is prone to unreasonable conditions. Second, the imbalance of market economy allocation resources is an economic reason for the irrational structure of rural industries. Third, the unreasonable factors in government behavior are the main causes of structural imbalances.

Second, the overall concept of optimizing the adjustment of rural industrial structure The essence of rural economic development is the process of gradual optimization and improvement of industrial structure. Faced with the new form of the current buyer's market, it is necessary to take the market as a guide and implement a strategic adjustment of the rural industrial structure on a qualitative basis in accordance with new ideas. This is not only an objective requirement for market development, but also an important part of further deepening rural reform.
First, we must adjust the basic direction of the rural industrial structure. We must adhere to the market-oriented, increase farmers' income as the core, and use science and technology as a breakthrough; continue to stabilize grain production areas, expand the proportion of economic crops and feed crops, and increase the proportion of animal husbandry in the agricultural economy; In the field, increase the volume of goods; also pay attention to the sustainable development of agriculture. Secondly, the adjustment of rural industrial structure should pay attention to some rules. First, the principle of market orientation, and rationally arrange the production and production scale of each industry according to the needs of the market. The second is the principle of coordinated development, that is, each industry must support each other and develop together. The third is the principle of consistency with productivity. The fourth is to develop its own advantageous industries based on the principle of adapting to local conditions. The fifth is the principle of unity of quantity expansion and quality improvement. Third, the key content of rural industry adjustment is four. First, the rural industrial structure is constantly adjusted according to market changes. The second is to optimize the regional structure according to local conditions. The third is to promote the processing and circulation of agricultural products and increase the proportion of rural secondary and tertiary industries. The fourth is to improve the scientific and technological content of agricultural products and vigorously develop the production of high-quality agricultural products.

Third, the main measures to accelerate the adjustment of rural industrial structure The adjustment of the rural industrial structure in our district, mainly with the emergence of the buyer's market, will continue to advance with the improvement of the entire market. I believe that to speed up the pace of adjustment, the following measures should be implemented:
1 "Change the concept, strengthen leadership, and increase the intensity of the rural industrial structure strategic adjustment work. The government must give full play to the macro-control.
2) Establish and improve the agricultural industrial system in our district to ensure the income of farmers. Our agriculture has not yet got rid of the shackles of a single production link. On the whole, there is a lack of structure with processing and circulation, and there is no complete agricultural industrial system. Therefore, to promote adjustment, an important task is to solve the problem of structural vacancies, and gradually establish the production, processing, circulation and other links of agricultural products into a unified, coordinated industrial system. First, we must develop agricultural industrialization. Second, we must vigorously develop animal husbandry and agricultural product processing industries, and increase the added value of primary products at multiple levels. Third, we must create a distribution relationship that fully reflects the interests of farmers and establish enterprises that ensure production, processing, and circulation. The interest mechanism for increasing economic returns.
3" adhere to the market-oriented, follow the economic laws. Government departments should consciously conform to the development trend of the market economy, use economic means, market means to guide production, and respect farmers' willingness and production autonomy. In addition, government departments should also do a good job in policy guidance, information services and technical support, and be a leader in industrial restructuring.
4" Science and technology as the guide, adhere to the variety, quality and work. To this end, we must actively promote the brand strategy of agricultural products, accelerate the renewal of varieties, and improve the quality of products; second, we must vigorously promote model cultivation, water-saving agriculture, high-efficiency feed and pollution-free pesticides, and improve the scientific and technological content of agriculture; Processing, storage, preservation and grading treatment technologies to achieve value-added processing; Fourth, we must accelerate the pace of technological transformation of township and village enterprises and promote the upgrading of industrial structure; Fifth, we must vigorously develop vocational and technical education for farmers and promote the development and cultivation of agricultural science and technology talents.
5" Develop regional characteristic economy, create comparative advantages, and form characteristic industries. The regional structure of agriculture is similar, and the decline of comparative advantage is an important reason for the difficulty in selling agricultural products. Therefore, we must develop the superior agricultural products in our region, and gradually form agricultural leading products and pillar industries with local characteristics, so that "people have no me, people have me, people are excellent, and people are special." Only in this way can we create our own comparative advantages in the fierce market competition and obtain better economic benefits.