Summary of rice pest control work in Guangdong Province
In order to ensure the safety of food production , combined with the national rice aphids and other major pest control projects, this year's rice pest control work in our province, focusing on rice safety production , increasing food production, increasing farmers' income as the center, actively carrying out technical publicity, training farmers, improving Comprehensive prevention and control technology, research on the distribution of major pests and diseases such as rice aphids and the occurrence of damage, etc., through the establishment of a comprehensive pest control demonstration area such as rice aphids, further promote the application of advanced applicable technologies. In the past year, rice pests and diseases have become more serious, especially in the case of the sixth and seventh generation rice leaf roller, which has occurred in the province. Because the disease and insect forecast is timely and accurate, the prevention and control measures have been put in place to ensure rice. Safe production . The organization and implementation of major pest and disease control projects such as rice aphids have also begun to show results. In the past year, it is estimated that the area of rice pests and diseases in the province is 81 million mu, the area of prevention and control is 83 million mu, and the recovery of rice is 2 billion kg. Twenty-one rice pest control comprehensive demonstration zones, with a demonstration area of more than 600,000 mu, effectively promoted the comprehensive implementation of comprehensive pest control work in the province, and achieved good social, economic and ecological benefits, and made due for food production. Contribution.
I. Overview of rice pests and diseases This year, the province's rainfall is about 30% less than normal years. No typhoon-free period is a rare year. Due to factors such as weather and other factors, the occurrence of rice pests this year is characterized by: insect pests are more serious than diseases, and migratory pests are serious. The area of rice pests and diseases in the province is about 81 million mu. Among them, the sheath blight occurred 18 million mu times, which is a common disease, and the area of occurrence is the same as that of previous years, and the degree of occurrence is slightly lighter than in previous years. The rice blast occurs 1.5 million mu times, and the individual varieties of late rice in the historical ward are heavier. For example, Qiuyou 998 is planted in Qingyuan City, and lesions appear in the seedling stage. After the transplant, it is cloudy and rainy, and the disease spreads rapidly, in the middle and late August. The whole plant is dead. There are 22 million mu of rice leaf roller, because of its large number of peaks and large amount of insects, which poses a great threat to the growth of early and late rice, especially in August-September. - 4 moved into the peak, there are 5 immigration peaks in the eastern part of Guangdong. The average amount of moths is 600-6000 heads, the height is more than 30,000 heads, the number of eggs per mu is 30,000-70,000, and the height is 100,000 or more. It is rare in recent years. There are 9 million mu of rice blasts, mainly sorghum, and Taiwan rice blast and stem borer have rebounded in some areas. There were 19 million mu of rice planthoppers, and the early rice moved into the early stage. The amount of migration was small, and it was younger. The late rice was affected by the dry weather and it was lighter.
II. Pest control measures and effects The characteristics of crop pests and diseases are affected. The agricultural departments at all levels closely follow the grain production targets put forward by the provincial party committee and the provincial government, and give full play to the functions of plant protection, disaster prevention and mitigation in the process of promoting agricultural industrialization. Timely and accurate grasp of the dynamics of crop pests and diseases and put forward effective countermeasures and technical measures. Especially in the critical period of pest control, through various channels and forms, extensive publicity and training work will be carried out to effectively implement pest control technologies in the field.
1. Leaders attach great importance to ensuring the implementation of technical measures This year, it is a year of attaching great importance to food production . Governments at all levels in our province regard grain production as the top priority of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” and put plant protection work on the table. In an important position, Governor Huang Huahua put forward at the provincial agricultural and food work conference: “Accelerate the promotion of integrated pest control technology for rice.” Xie Yuexin, at the provincial agricultural director meeting, explained the plant protection work in food safety production. The role. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, prevention and control work. Through joint efforts, the province's demonstration zones set up 18 leading groups, set up 21 demonstration area signs, more than 600,000 mu of demonstration areas, trained more than 110 agricultural technicians in 15 games, trained farmers more than 1600 people in 56 games, and drove radiant area 120. Ten thousand acres. The implementation of the project has greatly improved the enthusiasm of the comprehensive rice prevention and control work in various places. For example, the provincial station has issued a demonstration area for the Shaoguan City Agriculture Bureau. They set up a central demonstration area in Wengyuan from the actual situation on the ground. Qujiang, Nanxiong and Lechang have established three demonstration zones. The demonstration area of the city is 120,000 mu, accounting for 13% of the planted area and the radiation area is more than 400,000 mu. In order to cooperate with the promotion of comprehensive prevention and control technology, farmers can better master the integrated pest control technology. This year's organized, planned, and large-scale comprehensive prevention and control of rice pests and diseases has been the most successful in promoting integrated rice prevention and control work for many years. The establishment of the comprehensive prevention and control demonstration zone has changed the concept of producers , improved the production technology level of the people, and promoted the extensive application of comprehensive prevention and control technologies.
4. Actively explore comprehensive prevention and control technologies and improve the level of pest control technology. There are many types of rice pests and diseases in our province, with high frequency and strong resistance. At the same time, due to many factors such as weather, the occurrence of pests and diseases is variable, bringing prevention and treatment work. It is a big difficulty. In order to effectively control the occurrence of pests and diseases, we have carried out work such as drug screening test, aphid population research, and comprehensive management technology.
(1) In view of the difficulty in the prevention and control of rice leaf roller, the screening of rice leaf roller is more algebraic in our province, and there are many peaks and large amount of occurrence, which poses a great threat to rice production . At the same time, the resistance level of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis to conventional medicinal agents is high. According to the monitoring of relevant departments, the resistance level of insecticidal bismuth is increased by nearly 100 times, the methylamine phosphate is increased by nearly 200 times, and the triazophos is increased by 100 times. . In order to effectively control the rice leaf roller, I have set up three drug screening test sites in Meizhou, Huizhou and Wengyuan. For 5% Regent suspension, 80% Regent water dispersible granules, 18% kill The efficacy of the insect double water agent, 20% triazophos EC and 20% triazophos EC was compared. The results showed that the optimal control effect could be achieved by grasping the peak of the rice leaf curling. Missed control period, you can choose 5% Ruijin special suspension agent 1000-1200 times liquid spray control.
(2) Conducting research on rice aphid population and providing scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures Over the past decade, the rice varieties, farming systems and methods in our province have undergone major changes, causing large differences among many pests, especially rice aphids. Work has brought difficulties. In order to find out the population dynamics and distribution of rice aphids, we selected a representative aphid occurrence area and a main production area for a spot check. A total of 21 counties were randomly selected, and each county randomly selected more than 300 rice blasts. The results showed that: Sanhua carp was still the dominant population of rice aphids in our province, accounting for 88.9% of the population; in turn, Taiwan rice blast accounted for 6.8%; Datun accounted for 2.7%, and sputum accounted for 1.7%. Taiwan's rice blast has a higher proportion in individual regions, such as 314 locusts in Luoyang Town, Boluo County, and 138 rice blasts in Taiwan, accounting for 43.9% of the population. In some areas, the proportion of Chilo suppressalis is higher than the province's average. For example, Chengdong Town of Meixian County has 348 locusts and 36 mites, accounting for 10.3%. To find out the occurrence area of rice blast, it provides a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies and classifying and guiding prevention.
(3) Conducting surveys on weeds in rice fields to provide evidence for scientific weeding. We also conducted surveys on weeds in rice fields in different ecological regions, and surveyed Meizhou, Gaoming, Gaoyao, Yingde, Qujiang and Chenghai. The survey results show that rice fields and rice have Competitive weeds are mainly weeds. The density of field grasses without herbicides is 20-166 plants/m2, and the effect on yield is generally 3%-25%. The field of herbicides has a very low density of alfalfa. The base is mainly uncompetitive weeds such as ragwort and dwarf mushroom, and the density is generally 5-35 plants/m2.
(4) Do a good job in the combination and promotion of comprehensive prevention and control technologies From the perspectives of agro-ecology, agricultural environmental protection and economics, we have formulated comprehensive prevention and control technologies based on agricultural prevention and control, protecting and utilizing natural enemies and promoting ecological balance, and scientific use of chemical prevention and control. And widely promoted in the province.
Agricultural control: mainly promote the prevention of pests and diseases, throwing sputum technology, proper close planting, increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, controlling nitrogen fertilizer, early fertilization, strengthening field fertilizer and water management, shallow irrigation, timely exposure to the field, and reducing ineffective tillers. By timely plowing the field, clearing the sclerotia of the rice field, manually removing the egg mites from the scorpion, and cultivating the disease-free worms and the unified cultivars, and reducing the bridge fields in the same period of maturity.
Protection and utilization of natural enemies: no insecticides will be applied within 30 days after the insertion of the cockroaches; good breeding habitats will be created for beneficial organisms, and the control of natural enemies will be better played. After the early rice harvest, Tian Hao left the grass, and every 3 meters, create an environment suitable for natural enemies to cross the summer.
Chemical control: Safe and scientific use of pesticides, promotion of high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue pesticide varieties. Three days before the rice transplant, the pesticides were selected for the pests and diseases, and the “give medicine” was applied to ensure that no pests and diseases were entered into Honda. After 5-8 days of throwing, the topdressing was combined with herbicides, and herbicides such as butyl bromide, dibenzyl bromide and benzyl bromide were used to control weeds in rice fields. Rice leaf roller and rice mites are in the peak of egg hatching, and they are controlled by insecticides, rutin, triazophos, etc.; rice planthoppers are controlled at a density of 1500 insects/encyclopedia, using imidacloprid and other agents. Prevention and control; rice sheath blight first clean up the bacterial source when the field is cleaned. Secondly, when the incidence rate of the disease is 30%, the Jinggangase, Tetaseqing and other agents are used for prevention and control; the control of the panicle neck is controlled in the rice break period. Tricyclazole, sputum and other agents are used for prevention and treatment. Use the rodent-killing fan, the enemy sodium salt, etc. to prepare the poisonous valley, and do a good job in the rodent control in the agricultural area.
5. Funds for prevention and control of major pests such as rice aphids have played their due role. In the budget of the province's financial resources, about 200,000 yuan is arranged for the prevention and control of major pests and diseases every year. Special funds are also allocated for pest control at all levels. This year, the central government gave Guangdong strong support and arranged 1.5 million yuan for the prevention and control of major pests such as rice aphids, which played a proper role in controlling rice pests and diseases. The funds are mainly used to establish 21 demonstration zones, to carry out comprehensive prevention and control technology exploration, locust population research and publicity training. Among them, the city and county demonstration areas will be arranged for 1.35 million yuan, the South China Agricultural University will carry out research on prevention and control technology of 50,000 yuan, the provincial station will purchase the "color chart of rice pest control technology" and the "China Plant Protection Handbook - Rice Pest Control" 54,000 Yuan, printed and comprehensive technical information of 46,000 yuan, a total of 300,000 copies to cities and counties. The funds for each demonstration area are mainly used for propaganda and training of farmers, and the exploration and promotion of new technologies are carried out.
(1) The public has benefited a lot. Since the implementation of the household contract system, most people only get prevention and control knowledge from the notices of pest control posted by books, television or agriculture bureaus. Due to the lack of communication with technicians, there is a big blindness in pest control. Carry out comprehensive prevention and control demonstrations, strengthen the contact between technical personnel and the public, and allow more farmers to directly receive knowledge on pest control. Farmers in Lechang City reflected that it is really good to have a demonstration area and have the opportunity to participate in three training sessions, each with new content. I have been cultivating the field for more than ten years, and I have the knowledge of scientific farming for the first time. I hope that I can continue to do more and learn more.
(2) Pests and diseases are effectively controlled. Due to the specific technology of the demonstration and the training work in place, the public has a strong sense of participation, and the pest control measures are effectively implemented in the field. According to our survey, the total loss rate of pests and diseases in the demonstration area is controlled within 3%, which is significantly lower than 6.5% in non-demonstration areas.
(3) Reduce the amount of pesticides and reduce the cost of prevention. The demonstration area will be applied 2-3 times, which is 2-3 times less than the non-comprehensive control area, with an average of 290 grams of pesticide per acre, which is 52.5% of the non-demonstration area, which saves time and labor, saves costs and reduces pollution.
(4) Increased rice yield and quality. According to the survey, the yield per mu is 453 kg/mu, which is 431 kg more than the non-demonstration area and 22 kg per mu. According to the demonstration area of 600,000 mu, the total output increased by 13.2 million kg and the income increased by 18.5 million yuan. At the same time, by promoting the use of high-efficiency, safe, low-toxic, low-residue pesticides and scientific use of pesticides, it is believed that the quality of rice is improved.
III. Problems and Suggestions Although major pest control projects such as rice aphids have promoted the promotion of comprehensive prevention and control technologies in our province, and achieved initial results, the province has a large east-west span, large rice planting area, and species of pests and diseases. More, the frequency of occurrence is high, there are large differences in pests and diseases in different ecological regions, and demonstration work on pest control needs to be continuously strengthened.
1. The demonstration area is small and it is difficult to cover 21 demonstration areas that we have established this year. The demonstration area is 600,000 mu, but it is 31% relative to the province, accounting for only 2%. It is planned to add another 10 demonstration areas next year to expand Demonstrate the area and strive to demonstrate an area of 1 million mu.
2. The major pests such as aphids are changeable, and the comprehensive control technology needs to be further improved. Rice blast, rice leaf roller, rice planthopper, and sheath blight are the main pests and diseases of rice in our province. Due to the large span of the territory, many pests and diseases Changes, annual differences, etc., require prevention and control technology to be continuously improved. Based on the original comprehensive prevention and control technology, the project aims to improve the prevention and control techniques for pests and diseases that are difficult to control.
3, drug screening and rational use must mention important positions in the comprehensive prevention and control technology, chemical control is a rapid and effective method to control pests and diseases, because of this, people tend to have strong dependence on drugs, causing pests and diseases Problems such as drug resistance, recurrence and pollution have become unclear. People often increase the amount of drugs, increase the concentration, and increase the number of applications, making the problem more and more prominent. Therefore, we must screen out high-efficiency and safe varieties in a wide range of pharmaceuticals, and let farmers use reasonable methods through publicity and training.
I. Overview of rice pests and diseases This year, the province's rainfall is about 30% less than normal years. No typhoon-free period is a rare year. Due to factors such as weather and other factors, the occurrence of rice pests this year is characterized by: insect pests are more serious than diseases, and migratory pests are serious. The area of rice pests and diseases in the province is about 81 million mu. Among them, the sheath blight occurred 18 million mu times, which is a common disease, and the area of occurrence is the same as that of previous years, and the degree of occurrence is slightly lighter than in previous years. The rice blast occurs 1.5 million mu times, and the individual varieties of late rice in the historical ward are heavier. For example, Qiuyou 998 is planted in Qingyuan City, and lesions appear in the seedling stage. After the transplant, it is cloudy and rainy, and the disease spreads rapidly, in the middle and late August. The whole plant is dead. There are 22 million mu of rice leaf roller, because of its large number of peaks and large amount of insects, which poses a great threat to the growth of early and late rice, especially in August-September. - 4 moved into the peak, there are 5 immigration peaks in the eastern part of Guangdong. The average amount of moths is 600-6000 heads, the height is more than 30,000 heads, the number of eggs per mu is 30,000-70,000, and the height is 100,000 or more. It is rare in recent years. There are 9 million mu of rice blasts, mainly sorghum, and Taiwan rice blast and stem borer have rebounded in some areas. There were 19 million mu of rice planthoppers, and the early rice moved into the early stage. The amount of migration was small, and it was younger. The late rice was affected by the dry weather and it was lighter.
II. Pest control measures and effects The characteristics of crop pests and diseases are affected. The agricultural departments at all levels closely follow the grain production targets put forward by the provincial party committee and the provincial government, and give full play to the functions of plant protection, disaster prevention and mitigation in the process of promoting agricultural industrialization. Timely and accurate grasp of the dynamics of crop pests and diseases and put forward effective countermeasures and technical measures. Especially in the critical period of pest control, through various channels and forms, extensive publicity and training work will be carried out to effectively implement pest control technologies in the field.
1. Leaders attach great importance to ensuring the implementation of technical measures This year, it is a year of attaching great importance to food production . Governments at all levels in our province regard grain production as the top priority of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” and put plant protection work on the table. In an important position, Governor Huang Huahua put forward at the provincial agricultural and food work conference: “Accelerate the promotion of integrated pest control technology for rice.” Xie Yuexin, at the provincial agricultural director meeting, explained the plant protection work in food safety production. The role. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, prevention and control work. Through joint efforts, the province's demonstration zones set up 18 leading groups, set up 21 demonstration area signs, more than 600,000 mu of demonstration areas, trained more than 110 agricultural technicians in 15 games, trained farmers more than 1600 people in 56 games, and drove radiant area 120. Ten thousand acres. The implementation of the project has greatly improved the enthusiasm of the comprehensive rice prevention and control work in various places. For example, the provincial station has issued a demonstration area for the Shaoguan City Agriculture Bureau. They set up a central demonstration area in Wengyuan from the actual situation on the ground. Qujiang, Nanxiong and Lechang have established three demonstration zones. The demonstration area of the city is 120,000 mu, accounting for 13% of the planted area and the radiation area is more than 400,000 mu. In order to cooperate with the promotion of comprehensive prevention and control technology, farmers can better master the integrated pest control technology. This year's organized, planned, and large-scale comprehensive prevention and control of rice pests and diseases has been the most successful in promoting integrated rice prevention and control work for many years. The establishment of the comprehensive prevention and control demonstration zone has changed the concept of producers , improved the production technology level of the people, and promoted the extensive application of comprehensive prevention and control technologies.
4. Actively explore comprehensive prevention and control technologies and improve the level of pest control technology. There are many types of rice pests and diseases in our province, with high frequency and strong resistance. At the same time, due to many factors such as weather, the occurrence of pests and diseases is variable, bringing prevention and treatment work. It is a big difficulty. In order to effectively control the occurrence of pests and diseases, we have carried out work such as drug screening test, aphid population research, and comprehensive management technology.
(1) In view of the difficulty in the prevention and control of rice leaf roller, the screening of rice leaf roller is more algebraic in our province, and there are many peaks and large amount of occurrence, which poses a great threat to rice production . At the same time, the resistance level of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis to conventional medicinal agents is high. According to the monitoring of relevant departments, the resistance level of insecticidal bismuth is increased by nearly 100 times, the methylamine phosphate is increased by nearly 200 times, and the triazophos is increased by 100 times. . In order to effectively control the rice leaf roller, I have set up three drug screening test sites in Meizhou, Huizhou and Wengyuan. For 5% Regent suspension, 80% Regent water dispersible granules, 18% kill The efficacy of the insect double water agent, 20% triazophos EC and 20% triazophos EC was compared. The results showed that the optimal control effect could be achieved by grasping the peak of the rice leaf curling. Missed control period, you can choose 5% Ruijin special suspension agent 1000-1200 times liquid spray control.
(2) Conducting research on rice aphid population and providing scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures Over the past decade, the rice varieties, farming systems and methods in our province have undergone major changes, causing large differences among many pests, especially rice aphids. Work has brought difficulties. In order to find out the population dynamics and distribution of rice aphids, we selected a representative aphid occurrence area and a main production area for a spot check. A total of 21 counties were randomly selected, and each county randomly selected more than 300 rice blasts. The results showed that: Sanhua carp was still the dominant population of rice aphids in our province, accounting for 88.9% of the population; in turn, Taiwan rice blast accounted for 6.8%; Datun accounted for 2.7%, and sputum accounted for 1.7%. Taiwan's rice blast has a higher proportion in individual regions, such as 314 locusts in Luoyang Town, Boluo County, and 138 rice blasts in Taiwan, accounting for 43.9% of the population. In some areas, the proportion of Chilo suppressalis is higher than the province's average. For example, Chengdong Town of Meixian County has 348 locusts and 36 mites, accounting for 10.3%. To find out the occurrence area of rice blast, it provides a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies and classifying and guiding prevention.
(3) Conducting surveys on weeds in rice fields to provide evidence for scientific weeding. We also conducted surveys on weeds in rice fields in different ecological regions, and surveyed Meizhou, Gaoming, Gaoyao, Yingde, Qujiang and Chenghai. The survey results show that rice fields and rice have Competitive weeds are mainly weeds. The density of field grasses without herbicides is 20-166 plants/m2, and the effect on yield is generally 3%-25%. The field of herbicides has a very low density of alfalfa. The base is mainly uncompetitive weeds such as ragwort and dwarf mushroom, and the density is generally 5-35 plants/m2.
(4) Do a good job in the combination and promotion of comprehensive prevention and control technologies From the perspectives of agro-ecology, agricultural environmental protection and economics, we have formulated comprehensive prevention and control technologies based on agricultural prevention and control, protecting and utilizing natural enemies and promoting ecological balance, and scientific use of chemical prevention and control. And widely promoted in the province.
Agricultural control: mainly promote the prevention of pests and diseases, throwing sputum technology, proper close planting, increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, controlling nitrogen fertilizer, early fertilization, strengthening field fertilizer and water management, shallow irrigation, timely exposure to the field, and reducing ineffective tillers. By timely plowing the field, clearing the sclerotia of the rice field, manually removing the egg mites from the scorpion, and cultivating the disease-free worms and the unified cultivars, and reducing the bridge fields in the same period of maturity.
Protection and utilization of natural enemies: no insecticides will be applied within 30 days after the insertion of the cockroaches; good breeding habitats will be created for beneficial organisms, and the control of natural enemies will be better played. After the early rice harvest, Tian Hao left the grass, and every 3 meters, create an environment suitable for natural enemies to cross the summer.
Chemical control: Safe and scientific use of pesticides, promotion of high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue pesticide varieties. Three days before the rice transplant, the pesticides were selected for the pests and diseases, and the “give medicine” was applied to ensure that no pests and diseases were entered into Honda. After 5-8 days of throwing, the topdressing was combined with herbicides, and herbicides such as butyl bromide, dibenzyl bromide and benzyl bromide were used to control weeds in rice fields. Rice leaf roller and rice mites are in the peak of egg hatching, and they are controlled by insecticides, rutin, triazophos, etc.; rice planthoppers are controlled at a density of 1500 insects/encyclopedia, using imidacloprid and other agents. Prevention and control; rice sheath blight first clean up the bacterial source when the field is cleaned. Secondly, when the incidence rate of the disease is 30%, the Jinggangase, Tetaseqing and other agents are used for prevention and control; the control of the panicle neck is controlled in the rice break period. Tricyclazole, sputum and other agents are used for prevention and treatment. Use the rodent-killing fan, the enemy sodium salt, etc. to prepare the poisonous valley, and do a good job in the rodent control in the agricultural area.
5. Funds for prevention and control of major pests such as rice aphids have played their due role. In the budget of the province's financial resources, about 200,000 yuan is arranged for the prevention and control of major pests and diseases every year. Special funds are also allocated for pest control at all levels. This year, the central government gave Guangdong strong support and arranged 1.5 million yuan for the prevention and control of major pests such as rice aphids, which played a proper role in controlling rice pests and diseases. The funds are mainly used to establish 21 demonstration zones, to carry out comprehensive prevention and control technology exploration, locust population research and publicity training. Among them, the city and county demonstration areas will be arranged for 1.35 million yuan, the South China Agricultural University will carry out research on prevention and control technology of 50,000 yuan, the provincial station will purchase the "color chart of rice pest control technology" and the "China Plant Protection Handbook - Rice Pest Control" 54,000 Yuan, printed and comprehensive technical information of 46,000 yuan, a total of 300,000 copies to cities and counties. The funds for each demonstration area are mainly used for propaganda and training of farmers, and the exploration and promotion of new technologies are carried out.
(1) The public has benefited a lot. Since the implementation of the household contract system, most people only get prevention and control knowledge from the notices of pest control posted by books, television or agriculture bureaus. Due to the lack of communication with technicians, there is a big blindness in pest control. Carry out comprehensive prevention and control demonstrations, strengthen the contact between technical personnel and the public, and allow more farmers to directly receive knowledge on pest control. Farmers in Lechang City reflected that it is really good to have a demonstration area and have the opportunity to participate in three training sessions, each with new content. I have been cultivating the field for more than ten years, and I have the knowledge of scientific farming for the first time. I hope that I can continue to do more and learn more.
(2) Pests and diseases are effectively controlled. Due to the specific technology of the demonstration and the training work in place, the public has a strong sense of participation, and the pest control measures are effectively implemented in the field. According to our survey, the total loss rate of pests and diseases in the demonstration area is controlled within 3%, which is significantly lower than 6.5% in non-demonstration areas.
(3) Reduce the amount of pesticides and reduce the cost of prevention. The demonstration area will be applied 2-3 times, which is 2-3 times less than the non-comprehensive control area, with an average of 290 grams of pesticide per acre, which is 52.5% of the non-demonstration area, which saves time and labor, saves costs and reduces pollution.
(4) Increased rice yield and quality. According to the survey, the yield per mu is 453 kg/mu, which is 431 kg more than the non-demonstration area and 22 kg per mu. According to the demonstration area of 600,000 mu, the total output increased by 13.2 million kg and the income increased by 18.5 million yuan. At the same time, by promoting the use of high-efficiency, safe, low-toxic, low-residue pesticides and scientific use of pesticides, it is believed that the quality of rice is improved.
III. Problems and Suggestions Although major pest control projects such as rice aphids have promoted the promotion of comprehensive prevention and control technologies in our province, and achieved initial results, the province has a large east-west span, large rice planting area, and species of pests and diseases. More, the frequency of occurrence is high, there are large differences in pests and diseases in different ecological regions, and demonstration work on pest control needs to be continuously strengthened.
1. The demonstration area is small and it is difficult to cover 21 demonstration areas that we have established this year. The demonstration area is 600,000 mu, but it is 31% relative to the province, accounting for only 2%. It is planned to add another 10 demonstration areas next year to expand Demonstrate the area and strive to demonstrate an area of 1 million mu.
2. The major pests such as aphids are changeable, and the comprehensive control technology needs to be further improved. Rice blast, rice leaf roller, rice planthopper, and sheath blight are the main pests and diseases of rice in our province. Due to the large span of the territory, many pests and diseases Changes, annual differences, etc., require prevention and control technology to be continuously improved. Based on the original comprehensive prevention and control technology, the project aims to improve the prevention and control techniques for pests and diseases that are difficult to control.
3, drug screening and rational use must mention important positions in the comprehensive prevention and control technology, chemical control is a rapid and effective method to control pests and diseases, because of this, people tend to have strong dependence on drugs, causing pests and diseases Problems such as drug resistance, recurrence and pollution have become unclear. People often increase the amount of drugs, increase the concentration, and increase the number of applications, making the problem more and more prominent. Therefore, we must screen out high-efficiency and safe varieties in a wide range of pharmaceuticals, and let farmers use reasonable methods through publicity and training.
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