Preparation before graduation thesis defense
Graduation thesis defense is an important form of a more formal review paper that is organized, prepared, planned, and identified. In order to solve the graduation thesis defense, the school, the defense committee, and the respondent must be fully prepared before the defense meeting.
First, the preparatory work to be done by the school
The preparation before the defense, for the school, is mainly to do the organization work before the defense. The main tasks of these organizations are: certifying the qualifications of the participants to participate in the thesis defense, organizing the defense committee, formulating the grade standards for the graduation thesis, and arranging the defense meeting venue.
Review the qualifications of participants to participate in graduation thesis defense
Students who participate in the thesis defense must have certain conditions. These conditions are:
1. It must be a fresh graduate who has completed all the courses prescribed by the institutions of higher learning and the previous students who have met the relevant regulations and approved by the school.
2. The courses that students must take must be all exams and pass examinations; for schools that implement the credit system, students must obtain credits for the school to graduate.
3. The graduation thesis written by the student must be guided by the instructor and have the guidance of the instructor to sign and agree to participate in the defense.
The above three conditions must be available at the same time, and they are indispensable. Only those students who have the above three conditions are eligible to participate in the thesis defense. On the other hand, college students who have the above three conditions, except those who have been approved by special circumstances, will be allowed to graduate only after they have been answered and passed.
Organizing a reply committee or a reply group
In the defense of a thesis, a defense committee or a defense team must be established. The Defence Committee is an important organizational guarantee for reviewing and impartially evaluating graduation thesis and assessing the results of graduation thesis.
The defense committee is organized by the relevant departments of the school and the school. The defense committee generally consists of three to five people. Two or more of them must have senior or intermediate titles. From this, a member with a higher academic level is determined to be the chairman and responsible for the convening of the meeting of the defense committee.
Formulating graduation thesis standards
After the graduation thesis defense, the defense committee should evaluate the results of the thesis based on the graduation thesis and the author's defense. In order to make the scores moderate and moderate, the school should establish a common scoring principle or scoring standard in advance.
The grades of graduation thesis are generally divided into five grades: excellent, good, medium, passing, and failing. The Correspondence School of the Central Party School of the Communist Party of China adopts a four-level scoring system, which is excellent, good, passing, and failing. The specific rating criteria for Level 4 can be found in Chapter 10 of this book.
Arrangement of the defense meeting place
The layout of the graduation thesis defense meeting will affect the atmosphere of the thesis defense meeting and the respondent's emotions, which will affect the quality and effectiveness of the defense meeting. Therefore, schools should pay attention to the design and layout of the defense venue and try to create a good environment for reply.
2. Preparation of members of the defense committee
After the members of the defense committee are determined, it is generally necessary to distribute the papers to be answered to the members of the defense committee half a month before the defense meeting. After receiving the papers, the members of the defense committee must carefully and carefully review each article to be answered. The paper finds out the unclear, unclear, inaccurate, incomplete and self-contradictory and worthwhile discussion in the paper, and draws up the questions that the author of the paper needs to answer or further elaborate in the paper defense meeting.
In the defense, how many questions will the questioner ask and what questions will be raised? This is a question that every student who needs to participate in the defense is very concerned about, and this is a very complicated and difficult problem to grasp. Because each paper has its own content, form, characteristics and deficiencies. According to the different situations of the thesis, the question that the respondent has to ask questions will inevitably be different. on the other hand. Even with the same paper, the focus of the questions asked by different respondents will be different. Therefore, as far as a paper is concerned, it is difficult to say what the main answering teacher will ask, and guess it. When the author of the paper prepares the defense, guessing the question is unnecessary and has no benefit. But this does not mean that the answering teacher's question is arbitrary and has no rules to follow. The student does not need to prepare. In fact, the answer to the question by the teacher is to have a certain scope and follow certain principles. It is helpful to answer the questions and principles of the arguing teacher and how to prepare the defense. Here are some explanations for the rules of the teacher's question. First of all, the answering teacher's question is strictly defined. That is, the question raised by the responding teacher in the thesis defense meeting is only the problem within the academic scope of the paper. Generally, it cannot and cannot be related to the content of the paper. The question, this is a wide range of questions answered by the teacher. In this broad scope, the main defense teacher generally puts forward three questions from the aspects of verifying the authenticity, detecting ability and making up for the shortcomings. To test the authenticity question is to ask questions about the authenticity of the graduation thesis. Its purpose is to check whether the paper is written by the students themselves. If the paper is not written by one's hard work, it is just copying the results of others, or it is written by others, it is difficult to answer such questions. The detection level question, which refers to the main content of the thesis, detects the level of the students, whether the basic knowledge is solid, and how to grasp the breadth of the knowledge to ask questions, mainly the basic concepts, basic theories and Apply basic principles and other issues. To make up for the inadequacy, this refers to the weak links in the graduation thesis, such as the unclear, incomplete, incomplete, inaccurate and contradictory questions in the paper, please add or elaborate in the defense. Explanation. For example, in a paper entitled "Introducing the Shareholding Cooperative System into the Development of Agriculture", during the defense, the main reply teacher raised the following three questions: Please briefly talk about the academic dispute on the nature of the shareholding cooperation system. . What is the difference between a cooperative economy and a joint-stock economy? Is there a contradiction between the stable household contract responsibility system and the development of the shareholding cooperation system? Please briefly explain the reasons. For example, in the article "Thoughts and Countermeasures for Bringing the Mountain Economy to the Market", during the defense, the three questions raised by the main respondent teacher are: What information was collected when you wrote this paper, how was it collected? How does the market have a lot of meaning? In connection with this, how do you understand the market economy? Please talk about the favorable conditions and unfavorable factors for bringing the mountain economy to market. Of course, in the process of defense, according to the content of the paper and the specific circumstances of the defense, the defense teacher can also intervene appropriately. For example, in the first paper mentioned above, the defense teacher felt that the students were very vague about the cooperative economy. After the students answered the second question, they interrogated. "Please talk about the cooperation between the rural areas in China in the 1950s. The question of the form, the difference in their nature." Through questions and defenses on these questions, the defense committee will understand whether the thesis is written by the trainees themselves, that is, to check the authenticity of the papers; and to understand the depth of the students’ knowledge. As well as the ability of the students to cope on the spot and the thorough understanding of knowledge; it is also possible to find out the reasons for the weak links in the paper. Therefore, it is beneficial to make a reasonable and fair evaluation of the quality of the paper and the knowledge ability of the students.
The main defense teacher also needs to follow the following principles in the specific process:
First, the principle of combining theoretical and applied questions. Generally speaking, among the three questions, one should be a topic about basic theoretical knowledge, and one is to ask students to use the knowledge they have learned to analyze and solve real problems.
Second, the principle is moderate and difficult to match. That is to say, in the three questions, there must be a question that is easier to answer, but also a certain depth and difficulty. At the same time, the difficulty level of the questions raised in a paper should be linked to the advice of the instructor. All the essays recommended by the instructor are excellent, and the difficulty of answering the questions raised by the teacher should be greater; if the papers with a passing grade are recommended, the respondent should mention relatively shallow and easier to answer some questions.
Third, the combination of point and face, the principle of deep and wide connection.
Fourth, the principle of various forms and sizes.
Third, the respondent's preparation
The preparation before the defense, the most important thing is the preparation of the respondent. The key to ensuring the quality and effectiveness of the thesis defense is on the side of the respondent. The author of the paper should reply in sequence, and after submitting the paper, don't have a sigh of relief. Instead, take the time to actively prepare the thesis defense. So, what should the respondent prepare before answering the defense?
First of all, to write a brief introduction to the graduation thesis, the main content should include the title of the thesis, the name of the instructor, the motivation to choose the topic, the main arguments, arguments and writing experience of the thesis, as well as the theoretical and practical significance of the topic.
Secondly, you should be familiar with the full text of the papers you have written, especially to familiarize yourself with the content of the main part and the conclusion part, clarify the basic viewpoints of the paper and the basic basis of the subject; understand the exact meaning of the main concepts used in the paper. The main content of the basic principles used; at the same time, it is necessary to carefully examine and re-examine whether there are contradictions, fallacies, one-sided or ambiguous places in the article, whether there is any conflict with the party's policy guidelines, and so on. If you find any of the above problems, you must be fully prepared - supplement, correction, explanation, etc. As long as you carefully guard against and block all loopholes, you can do a lot of things in the process of defense, and you will be flustered and calm.
Third, we must understand and master the knowledge and materials associated with the papers we have written. What level of research has been reached in the academic world as studied by myself? At present, what are the controversies? There are several representative views? What representative works and articles are there? What kind of viewpoints and reasons have been favored; the source and version of important citations; the source of the evidence material, and so on. Knowledge and materials in these areas must be better understood and mastered before the defense.
Fourth, what other papers should be involved or solved, but those that have not been touched because of their power, and which ones are not involved or rarely involved in the paper, and the research process has already been touched and has certain The opinion is only because it feels that the center of the paper is not related to the center of the paper and is not written.
Fifth, for the authors of excellent papers, it is necessary to find out which viewpoints inherit or draw on the research results of others, which are their own innovative ideas, how these new ideas and new insights are formed, and so on.
For the above content, the author must be well prepared before the defense. After thinking, sorting, writing an outline, and remembering it in the brain, you can do it in your reply and answer it with ease.
First, the preparatory work to be done by the school
The preparation before the defense, for the school, is mainly to do the organization work before the defense. The main tasks of these organizations are: certifying the qualifications of the participants to participate in the thesis defense, organizing the defense committee, formulating the grade standards for the graduation thesis, and arranging the defense meeting venue.
Review the qualifications of participants to participate in graduation thesis defense
Students who participate in the thesis defense must have certain conditions. These conditions are:
1. It must be a fresh graduate who has completed all the courses prescribed by the institutions of higher learning and the previous students who have met the relevant regulations and approved by the school.
2. The courses that students must take must be all exams and pass examinations; for schools that implement the credit system, students must obtain credits for the school to graduate.
3. The graduation thesis written by the student must be guided by the instructor and have the guidance of the instructor to sign and agree to participate in the defense.
The above three conditions must be available at the same time, and they are indispensable. Only those students who have the above three conditions are eligible to participate in the thesis defense. On the other hand, college students who have the above three conditions, except those who have been approved by special circumstances, will be allowed to graduate only after they have been answered and passed.
Organizing a reply committee or a reply group
In the defense of a thesis, a defense committee or a defense team must be established. The Defence Committee is an important organizational guarantee for reviewing and impartially evaluating graduation thesis and assessing the results of graduation thesis.
The defense committee is organized by the relevant departments of the school and the school. The defense committee generally consists of three to five people. Two or more of them must have senior or intermediate titles. From this, a member with a higher academic level is determined to be the chairman and responsible for the convening of the meeting of the defense committee.
Formulating graduation thesis standards
After the graduation thesis defense, the defense committee should evaluate the results of the thesis based on the graduation thesis and the author's defense. In order to make the scores moderate and moderate, the school should establish a common scoring principle or scoring standard in advance.
The grades of graduation thesis are generally divided into five grades: excellent, good, medium, passing, and failing. The Correspondence School of the Central Party School of the Communist Party of China adopts a four-level scoring system, which is excellent, good, passing, and failing. The specific rating criteria for Level 4 can be found in Chapter 10 of this book.
Arrangement of the defense meeting place
The layout of the graduation thesis defense meeting will affect the atmosphere of the thesis defense meeting and the respondent's emotions, which will affect the quality and effectiveness of the defense meeting. Therefore, schools should pay attention to the design and layout of the defense venue and try to create a good environment for reply.
2. Preparation of members of the defense committee
After the members of the defense committee are determined, it is generally necessary to distribute the papers to be answered to the members of the defense committee half a month before the defense meeting. After receiving the papers, the members of the defense committee must carefully and carefully review each article to be answered. The paper finds out the unclear, unclear, inaccurate, incomplete and self-contradictory and worthwhile discussion in the paper, and draws up the questions that the author of the paper needs to answer or further elaborate in the paper defense meeting.
In the defense, how many questions will the questioner ask and what questions will be raised? This is a question that every student who needs to participate in the defense is very concerned about, and this is a very complicated and difficult problem to grasp. Because each paper has its own content, form, characteristics and deficiencies. According to the different situations of the thesis, the question that the respondent has to ask questions will inevitably be different. on the other hand. Even with the same paper, the focus of the questions asked by different respondents will be different. Therefore, as far as a paper is concerned, it is difficult to say what the main answering teacher will ask, and guess it. When the author of the paper prepares the defense, guessing the question is unnecessary and has no benefit. But this does not mean that the answering teacher's question is arbitrary and has no rules to follow. The student does not need to prepare. In fact, the answer to the question by the teacher is to have a certain scope and follow certain principles. It is helpful to answer the questions and principles of the arguing teacher and how to prepare the defense. Here are some explanations for the rules of the teacher's question. First of all, the answering teacher's question is strictly defined. That is, the question raised by the responding teacher in the thesis defense meeting is only the problem within the academic scope of the paper. Generally, it cannot and cannot be related to the content of the paper. The question, this is a wide range of questions answered by the teacher. In this broad scope, the main defense teacher generally puts forward three questions from the aspects of verifying the authenticity, detecting ability and making up for the shortcomings. To test the authenticity question is to ask questions about the authenticity of the graduation thesis. Its purpose is to check whether the paper is written by the students themselves. If the paper is not written by one's hard work, it is just copying the results of others, or it is written by others, it is difficult to answer such questions. The detection level question, which refers to the main content of the thesis, detects the level of the students, whether the basic knowledge is solid, and how to grasp the breadth of the knowledge to ask questions, mainly the basic concepts, basic theories and Apply basic principles and other issues. To make up for the inadequacy, this refers to the weak links in the graduation thesis, such as the unclear, incomplete, incomplete, inaccurate and contradictory questions in the paper, please add or elaborate in the defense. Explanation. For example, in a paper entitled "Introducing the Shareholding Cooperative System into the Development of Agriculture", during the defense, the main reply teacher raised the following three questions: Please briefly talk about the academic dispute on the nature of the shareholding cooperation system. . What is the difference between a cooperative economy and a joint-stock economy? Is there a contradiction between the stable household contract responsibility system and the development of the shareholding cooperation system? Please briefly explain the reasons. For example, in the article "Thoughts and Countermeasures for Bringing the Mountain Economy to the Market", during the defense, the three questions raised by the main respondent teacher are: What information was collected when you wrote this paper, how was it collected? How does the market have a lot of meaning? In connection with this, how do you understand the market economy? Please talk about the favorable conditions and unfavorable factors for bringing the mountain economy to market. Of course, in the process of defense, according to the content of the paper and the specific circumstances of the defense, the defense teacher can also intervene appropriately. For example, in the first paper mentioned above, the defense teacher felt that the students were very vague about the cooperative economy. After the students answered the second question, they interrogated. "Please talk about the cooperation between the rural areas in China in the 1950s. The question of the form, the difference in their nature." Through questions and defenses on these questions, the defense committee will understand whether the thesis is written by the trainees themselves, that is, to check the authenticity of the papers; and to understand the depth of the students’ knowledge. As well as the ability of the students to cope on the spot and the thorough understanding of knowledge; it is also possible to find out the reasons for the weak links in the paper. Therefore, it is beneficial to make a reasonable and fair evaluation of the quality of the paper and the knowledge ability of the students.
The main defense teacher also needs to follow the following principles in the specific process:
First, the principle of combining theoretical and applied questions. Generally speaking, among the three questions, one should be a topic about basic theoretical knowledge, and one is to ask students to use the knowledge they have learned to analyze and solve real problems.
Second, the principle is moderate and difficult to match. That is to say, in the three questions, there must be a question that is easier to answer, but also a certain depth and difficulty. At the same time, the difficulty level of the questions raised in a paper should be linked to the advice of the instructor. All the essays recommended by the instructor are excellent, and the difficulty of answering the questions raised by the teacher should be greater; if the papers with a passing grade are recommended, the respondent should mention relatively shallow and easier to answer some questions.
Third, the combination of point and face, the principle of deep and wide connection.
Fourth, the principle of various forms and sizes.
Third, the respondent's preparation
The preparation before the defense, the most important thing is the preparation of the respondent. The key to ensuring the quality and effectiveness of the thesis defense is on the side of the respondent. The author of the paper should reply in sequence, and after submitting the paper, don't have a sigh of relief. Instead, take the time to actively prepare the thesis defense. So, what should the respondent prepare before answering the defense?
First of all, to write a brief introduction to the graduation thesis, the main content should include the title of the thesis, the name of the instructor, the motivation to choose the topic, the main arguments, arguments and writing experience of the thesis, as well as the theoretical and practical significance of the topic.
Secondly, you should be familiar with the full text of the papers you have written, especially to familiarize yourself with the content of the main part and the conclusion part, clarify the basic viewpoints of the paper and the basic basis of the subject; understand the exact meaning of the main concepts used in the paper. The main content of the basic principles used; at the same time, it is necessary to carefully examine and re-examine whether there are contradictions, fallacies, one-sided or ambiguous places in the article, whether there is any conflict with the party's policy guidelines, and so on. If you find any of the above problems, you must be fully prepared - supplement, correction, explanation, etc. As long as you carefully guard against and block all loopholes, you can do a lot of things in the process of defense, and you will be flustered and calm.
Third, we must understand and master the knowledge and materials associated with the papers we have written. What level of research has been reached in the academic world as studied by myself? At present, what are the controversies? There are several representative views? What representative works and articles are there? What kind of viewpoints and reasons have been favored; the source and version of important citations; the source of the evidence material, and so on. Knowledge and materials in these areas must be better understood and mastered before the defense.
Fourth, what other papers should be involved or solved, but those that have not been touched because of their power, and which ones are not involved or rarely involved in the paper, and the research process has already been touched and has certain The opinion is only because it feels that the center of the paper is not related to the center of the paper and is not written.
Fifth, for the authors of excellent papers, it is necessary to find out which viewpoints inherit or draw on the research results of others, which are their own innovative ideas, how these new ideas and new insights are formed, and so on.
For the above content, the author must be well prepared before the defense. After thinking, sorting, writing an outline, and remembering it in the brain, you can do it in your reply and answer it with ease.
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