Japanese enterprise informationization investigation report
Japanese enterprise informationization investigation report
From March 27 to April 5, 2001, a group of four people from the Economic Information Center of the State Economic and Trade Commission, “Enterprise Informationization Visiting Japan”, conducted an eight-day study in Japan. The delegation visited the Japan Trade and Development Association, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, SAP Japan, Deloitte and other pine consulting companies, the Japanese electric company Tokyo Hibiya Exhibition Hall and the Hitachi Production Center Yokohama Data Center. Through investigation, we have a preliminary understanding of the status quo of information technology in Japan, the latest strategies and policy measures of the government in promoting informationization, the effectiveness of enterprises in information construction and the lessons to be learned.
I. The status quo of information technology in Japan
On the whole, although Japan's national economy and social informatization are developing at a faster pace, there are still some gaps compared with the developed countries of the United States and Europe. At present, the Internet penetration rate of the whole society in Japan is 20%, of which 10 million people access the Internet via mobile phones. The digitalization of broadcasting and television, the level of information confidentiality, etc. are all behind the United States and the United Kingdom, and the shortage of information technology professionals is more prominent. The digitalization and networking of public areas such as government, cultural welfare, and civil society have just begun.
In recent years, Japanese companies have done a lot of work in using advanced information technology to transform production management models. However, because ERP and other European and American management methods have conflicts with Japanese traditional lifelong employment systems, there are few examples of complete success. Most of them. In terms of e-commerce, Japanese companies have started very well, but compared with the United States, e-commerce accounts for a small proportion of total transaction volume and is small. In 2000, the market size of the Japanese BB trade was 20 trillion yen, and the market size of the BC trade was 1 trillion yen.
At present, the Japanese government and enterprises have realized the gap between the information technology and Europe and the United States and the adverse impact of this gap on Japan's development. They are actively taking measures to accelerate the informationization process. It is hoped that by 2005, it will be highly developed. The information network society has become an advanced country in information technology.
Second, the Japanese government's measures to promote information technology
1. Improve laws and regulations, strengthen organizational leadership, and implement informatization strategies to promote informationization. In 2000, the Japanese National Assembly passed the "Basic Law on the Formation of Japan's Highly Information Network Society," which clarified the basic principles, leadership, and informatization of informationization. Promote the focus. The law provides a legal basis for the Japanese government to take corresponding measures.
In accordance with the provisions of the Basic Law, the basic policy for formulating policies and measures to promote informatization construction is to further develop information networks, expand the application of information networks, enrich the content of network information, and build a world-class information and communication network.
The Japanese government has also set up a strategic headquarters for building a highly informational online society in accordance with the Basic Law. The Prime Minister, the Minister of State and outstanding professionals are ministers, deputy ministers and committee members to review and implement the key programs of informatization.
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan has not revised its economic development plan for a long time. In 2000, it developed the "e-Japan Strategy" in one year. In 2001, the "E-Japan Key Project Summary" was formulated based on the "e-Japan Strategy" and was approved by the Strategic Headquarters on March 29. The "e-Japan Strategy" clearly states that the overall strategic goal of Japan's informatization is "to make Japan the most advanced informatized country in the world within five years"; to strengthen information knowledge education by establishing the world's most advanced high-speed information communication network Promote the development of e-commerce, promote a series of strategic initiatives such as government informationization in the public domain, and ensure information security to ensure the realization of strategic goals.
2. Clarify the role of government and non-government organizations in informatization construction The Basic Law and the e-Japan Strategy clearly stipulate that private institutions are the main body of informatization and play a leading role in informatization construction. The government mainly plays the role of two aspects: First, it provides necessary environmental conditions for private institutions to play an informatization leading role, such as revising relevant laws and regulations that hinder informationization, and constantly improving and improving policy measures. Second, the promotion of civil institutions cannot Informatization construction of the field, such as government informationization, eliminating the digital divide between various social strata, research and development of scientific research projects that private institutions cannot independently carry out.
In terms of government informationization, the e-Japan Key Project Summary requires the central government to establish an e-government in 2003. However, there is no clear regulation on the informationization process of 3,300 local governments at all levels. Rather, they hope that they can implement government informationization in 2005 with reference to the e-Japan Key Project Summary.
3. Breaking monopoly and introducing competition To promote the development of information infrastructure and related services, the Japanese government has adopted a series of policies to encourage free competition. For example, the establishment of an electrical communication dispute handling committee, the establishment of a monopoly prohibition law, and the strengthening of the functions of the Fair Trade Commission. In 2001, the Japanese government also enacted "asymmetric regulations" to implement special government regulations on the largest telecommunications company, Japan Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, to reorganize the 60% of the state-owned shares, with the aim of eliminating its monopoly position and implementing freedom in the communications industry. The competition promotion policy introduces a free competition mechanism and enhances the international competitiveness of the industry.
4. Strengthening the universal education of informatization knowledge and cultivating high-level professionals through multiple channels In order to achieve the goal of personal penetration of the Internet in 2005 exceeding 60%, the Japanese government has increased the education of informatization knowledge. In 2001, it planned to hold 5.5 million person-time information basic knowledge lectures, 1.4 million information technology vocational trainings, and equipped computers for 7,000 libraries and popular cultural activities.
At the same time, it also strengthened the information technology education of the school, added relevant courses, expanded the training of highly educated information technology talents, established the information security technology qualification system, and improved the mechanism for attracting foreign professionals. It is planned to attract 30,000 in 2005. Foreign information technology professionals provide talent and technical support for the scientific research level of Japanese information technology.
III. Measures for the Japanese Government to Promote Enterprise Informatization The Japanese government has no special policy measures for the construction of information technology for large enterprises. However, it will provide certain financial support for informatization projects affecting certain industries, especially for the informationization of small and medium-sized enterprises. Provide a wide range of support services.
At present, the central government provides a part of subsidies dedicated to information construction to local governments, industries, and academia. Since 2001, the focus of the subsidy has shifted from the previous computerization to individual companies or chambers of commerce to projects that support the entire region and industry and major research and development issues that benefit the whole society. For example, the government provided some financial assistance for the EDI project in the steel industry. Under normal circumstances, the government provides subsidies through three methods of informationization. First, the government subsidizes 50% of the project and the company raises 50%. Second, the government pays the full cost of scientific research projects, and the scientific research results are shared by the government and developers. The government issues low-interest or interest-free loans to the project.
In order to promote the informationization of small and medium-sized enterprises, the Japanese government provides support and services from various aspects, and uses existing chambers of commerce to hold informational knowledge lectures for small and medium-sized enterprises, and provides legal consultation services for informationization through the existing legal consultation window.
Fourth, the content and effectiveness of Japanese enterprise informationization The Japanese enterprise informationization process can be summarized as the "three times unified" process. In the process of informationization, Japanese companies first unify the internal production and operation processes of the enterprise, realize the optimal allocation of resources, and improve work efficiency. The second is to realize the unification of business processes between enterprises and suppliers and sellers, and to improve the market resilience of enterprises. Finally, the business processes of enterprises within the industry are unified, forming a unified industry trading market and business model, and improving the overall international market competitiveness of the industry.
The effectiveness of information technology in some enterprises in Japan is also very obvious. For example, after Sharp used SAP management software, the lead time for the production plan was reduced from 3 months to 2 weeks, and the inventory-delivery time was reduced from 2.2 months to 0.9 months. Nissan estimates that using SAP management software will reduce procurement costs by 20%. At present, SAP's "Electricity-Related Materials and Assets Electronic Trading Market", which was developed in cooperation with the US's number one CommerceOne company, has been put into operation in Japan, initially forming a unified trading market for the Japanese power industry.
According to the estimation of enterprises with better information construction in Japan, the use of advanced information technology has greatly improved the efficiency of production planning, inventory management, customer management, online procurement, etc. The effect is very obvious, generally reducing costs. 30%.
Japanese information technology companies are also constantly innovating in providing information technology services. For example, Nippon Electric Company put forward the concept of “five i”, that is, the combination of imagination, inspiration, ideas, information and the Internet. The goal is to realize “i society” by means of broadband internet and mobile terminals. NEC also launched "Internet Radio", which transmits the current status of designated cities, buildings or landscapes according to the proportion of customers' requests through digital cameras located in various parts of Japan. It also provides online shopping services through cooperation with manufacturers and express delivery companies. A 24-hour convenience store cooperates to jointly develop BC business.
V. Lessons from Japanese enterprises' informatization construction
In the process of informatization, Japanese companies also have some lessons to learn. The process of transforming production management by using information technology is also the process of transforming existing business processes with advanced management methods and means. The success of business process reengineering is directly related to the effect of informationization and even success or failure. The reason why the effect of partial enterprise enterprise information construction is not satisfactory is mainly because when the advanced computer management mode is introduced, it is not a top-down overall design method. The scientific business method is used to transform the existing business processes of the enterprise, so that the production management system is systematized. However, according to traditional habits, the management software has been greatly modified, and advanced means have been adapted to the past work habits, that is, “wearing new shoes and walking the old road”, so that the scientific and advanced management software loses unity and advancement and cannot be fully utilized. Its role has led to the unsatisfactory results of many enterprises. This is especially worthy of Chinese companies.
Six inspirations for the construction of information technology in China's enterprises
1. Strengthening network construction and expanding network application To accelerate the process of informationization, Japan has vigorously developed fiber-optic communication. Although it started late but progressed rapidly, it has achieved fiber-to-the-home in some areas, and began to provide fiber in China in March 2001. Internet services have greatly facilitated the adoption of the Internet. At present, China's network infrastructure construction is still relatively backward, the transmission speed is slow, and the use cost is high, which makes many network applications unable to be carried out, directly hindering the enterprise informationization process. Therefore, to promote enterprise information, network construction must go ahead. It is necessary to increase investment in the field of network construction, eliminate monopoly, introduce competition, give full play to the role of the government and enterprises, mobilize funds in all aspects, accelerate the construction of high-speed information networks, expand network coverage, and reduce the cost of use. It is necessary to speed up the resolution of the "last mile" problem and realize the interconnection between high-speed information networks and enterprises as soon as possible.
2. Strengthening training and education, popularizing informational knowledge At present, one of the main reasons for the low level of informationization in China's enterprises is that business management personnel lack the necessary informational knowledge and have insufficient understanding of the role of information technology in transforming enterprises' production management. . Therefore, the government must adopt a variety of forms to carry out multi-level informationization knowledge promotion, training and promotion through various channels. In particular, it is necessary to increase the training of information technology for small and medium-sized enterprises, enterprises in backward areas and traditional labor-intensive enterprises, increase the information awareness and knowledge of such enterprises, and raise the level of understanding of informationization.
3. Enriching information resources and improving information services The experience of Japanese enterprises in informatization construction shows that the enterprise's set of standards for the network is not only related to the network infrastructure, but also closely related to the abundance of network information resources and the level of information services. . At present, China's government and enterprises have low Internet standards, and the network information resources are not rich enough. The information, form, content, and other aspects of information cannot meet the various needs of enterprises. The methods and standards of information services need to be further improved. Therefore, we must continue to promote government and enterprises to access the Internet, enrich policy information and business information; promote the development of Internet-based information service intermediaries, increase the variety of information services, and improve the quality of information services.
4. Give full play to the advantages of specialization and avoid duplication of construction. In the process of enterprise information construction, Japanese companies deeply feel that the extensive application of ERP is a project with large investment and slow effect. Therefore, it has embarked on the specialization of ASP. Road, the implementation of business outsourcing. ASP involves customer relationship management, e-commerce applications, enterprise resource planning, electronic application integration, online remote monitoring services, data centers, customer support and other fields, with strong professionalism and economies of scale. The specialized ASP business model enables customers to realize the “three essentials” of production and operation activities through the network, namely the necessary content, the necessary time and the necessary quantity, thus innovating the enterprise workflow and improving operational efficiency. Chinese enterprises should take advantage of the experience of Japanese companies in this respect. In the construction of informatization, they should also avoid “big and complete, small and complete”, expand business outsourcing, take the road of ASP professional management, share professional business interests, and improve information. Construction level.
Attached file one:
Main contents of Japan's "Basic Law on the Formation of a Highly Information Network Society"
In order to speed up the pace of Japanese social informationization, the Japanese government established Japan as a highly information society as soon as possible. In 2000, the "Basic Law on the Formation of a Highly Information Network Society" was formulated. The law clarifies the basic guidelines for the formulation of information policies, and the basic content of the implementation of the informatization strategy leadership and informationization priorities is the legal basis for the Japanese government to formulate measures to promote informatization policies.
The Basic Law is divided into four chapters and thirty-five. The first chapter is the general rule, the second chapter is the basic policy for formulating policy measures, the third chapter is the setting of the leadership organization, and the fourth chapter is the main content of the key plan.
1. The main content of the general rules. The Japanese government believes that the rapid development of information network technology and the universal application in the world will profoundly change the economic and social structure. In the face of this situation, the central government, local governments and social organizations have the responsibility and responsibility to take relevant measures. Promote the formation of a highly information network society. Through the establishment of legal measures, a world-scale, diversified, free and flexible information network will be formed in Japan to maximize the role of the information network so that citizens can fully and conveniently use the information network. Through e-commerce, we must improve the efficiency of production and operation of small and medium-sized enterprises, create employment opportunities, promote economic restructuring, enhance the international competitiveness of industries, increase the convenience and diversity of national life, expand regional economic exchanges, and activate local economies.
The basic principle of building a highly information network society is: taking enterprises as the main body, the central government, local governments and public organizations have a clear division of labor, taking relevant measures to improve the environment and eliminating barriers that are not conducive to informationization caused by geography, age and physical health. To give everyone an equal opportunity to use the information network.
The Basic Law believes that the formation of an information society will inevitably lead to changes in the socio-economic structure and new problems in various fields such as labor and employment. In this regard, we must take active and appropriate measures to resolve them. Government departments shall formulate and implement corresponding legal and fiscal promotion measures in accordance with the basic guidelines stipulated in this Law; they shall, through various forms, publicize the relevant information for promoting informatization to the public at any time; help the nationals to understand the information network through various publicity activities. society. All localities and organizations shall take corresponding promotion measures in accordance with the basic policies and specific circumstances set forth in this Law. The central government, local governments, and social organizations must work together and advance together when implementing policy measures with emphasis.
2. The basic policy for formulating and implementing policy measures. The basic policy for formulating and implementing policy measures is to further develop information networks, expand the application of information networks, provide various information such as text, voice, and images on the Internet, and promote the integration of information technology and information content to build a world-wide Level information communication network.
To this end, measures should be taken to promote fair competition; various training methods should be adopted to cultivate talents with specialized skills and innovative capabilities; formulate and amend relevant laws and regulations, protect intellectual property rights, protect consumer rights; actively develop e-commerce, and use electronic Business conducts social and economic activities; national, local, and public organizations should simplify administrative procedures, improve work efficiency, increase work transparency, and provide convenient, high-quality, and diversified public services for citizens; and take measures to ensure the security of information networks. And reliability; cooperation in a wide range of areas including international standards, research and development, technical collaboration and international assistance. The central government, local governments, public organizations, universities, and enterprises and institutions must closely cooperate to strengthen the information network foundation, strengthen research and development, and enhance the international competitiveness of the industry.
3. Strategic headquarters setting. The Japanese government has set up a strategic headquarters for building a highly information network society in the cabinet. The main responsibility of the headquarters is to formulate and implement the information network social key project, review the major implementation plans of informatization and formulate and promote measures. Strategic Headquarters, Deputy Minister and Member. The Minister is headed by the Prime Minister of the Cabinet and is responsible for overall work. The Deputy Minister is served by the Minister of State and assists the Minister. The Prime Minister has appointed outstanding professionals to serve as members. The Strategic Headquarters has the right to request assistance and work materials from relevant departments in accordance with relevant laws.
4. About the key projects. The main contents of the construction of a high-information network social key project: First, the basic policy of building a highly information network society; second, to form a world-class information and communication network; third, to strengthen training and education; fourth, to develop e-commerce extensively The fifth is to promote the application of information technology in the public domain; the sixth is to improve the security and reliability of the network. In principle, it is important to clarify the specific goals and the time to complete the goals. The key projects formulated by the strategic headquarters should be announced to the public in a timely manner through various means such as the Internet. The strategic headquarters will follow up on the implementation status according to the project objectives and publish the results in a timely manner.
The Basic Law was implemented on January 6, 2001. Within three years, the government will discuss the status of the implementation of the law and take corresponding countermeasures based on the implementation results.
From March 27 to April 5, 2001, a group of four people from the Economic Information Center of the State Economic and Trade Commission, “Enterprise Informationization Visiting Japan”, conducted an eight-day study in Japan. The delegation visited the Japan Trade and Development Association, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, SAP Japan, Deloitte and other pine consulting companies, the Japanese electric company Tokyo Hibiya Exhibition Hall and the Hitachi Production Center Yokohama Data Center. Through investigation, we have a preliminary understanding of the status quo of information technology in Japan, the latest strategies and policy measures of the government in promoting informationization, the effectiveness of enterprises in information construction and the lessons to be learned.
I. The status quo of information technology in Japan
On the whole, although Japan's national economy and social informatization are developing at a faster pace, there are still some gaps compared with the developed countries of the United States and Europe. At present, the Internet penetration rate of the whole society in Japan is 20%, of which 10 million people access the Internet via mobile phones. The digitalization of broadcasting and television, the level of information confidentiality, etc. are all behind the United States and the United Kingdom, and the shortage of information technology professionals is more prominent. The digitalization and networking of public areas such as government, cultural welfare, and civil society have just begun.
In recent years, Japanese companies have done a lot of work in using advanced information technology to transform production management models. However, because ERP and other European and American management methods have conflicts with Japanese traditional lifelong employment systems, there are few examples of complete success. Most of them. In terms of e-commerce, Japanese companies have started very well, but compared with the United States, e-commerce accounts for a small proportion of total transaction volume and is small. In 2000, the market size of the Japanese BB trade was 20 trillion yen, and the market size of the BC trade was 1 trillion yen.
At present, the Japanese government and enterprises have realized the gap between the information technology and Europe and the United States and the adverse impact of this gap on Japan's development. They are actively taking measures to accelerate the informationization process. It is hoped that by 2005, it will be highly developed. The information network society has become an advanced country in information technology.
Second, the Japanese government's measures to promote information technology
1. Improve laws and regulations, strengthen organizational leadership, and implement informatization strategies to promote informationization. In 2000, the Japanese National Assembly passed the "Basic Law on the Formation of Japan's Highly Information Network Society," which clarified the basic principles, leadership, and informatization of informationization. Promote the focus. The law provides a legal basis for the Japanese government to take corresponding measures.
In accordance with the provisions of the Basic Law, the basic policy for formulating policies and measures to promote informatization construction is to further develop information networks, expand the application of information networks, enrich the content of network information, and build a world-class information and communication network.
The Japanese government has also set up a strategic headquarters for building a highly informational online society in accordance with the Basic Law. The Prime Minister, the Minister of State and outstanding professionals are ministers, deputy ministers and committee members to review and implement the key programs of informatization.
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan has not revised its economic development plan for a long time. In 2000, it developed the "e-Japan Strategy" in one year. In 2001, the "E-Japan Key Project Summary" was formulated based on the "e-Japan Strategy" and was approved by the Strategic Headquarters on March 29. The "e-Japan Strategy" clearly states that the overall strategic goal of Japan's informatization is "to make Japan the most advanced informatized country in the world within five years"; to strengthen information knowledge education by establishing the world's most advanced high-speed information communication network Promote the development of e-commerce, promote a series of strategic initiatives such as government informationization in the public domain, and ensure information security to ensure the realization of strategic goals.
2. Clarify the role of government and non-government organizations in informatization construction The Basic Law and the e-Japan Strategy clearly stipulate that private institutions are the main body of informatization and play a leading role in informatization construction. The government mainly plays the role of two aspects: First, it provides necessary environmental conditions for private institutions to play an informatization leading role, such as revising relevant laws and regulations that hinder informationization, and constantly improving and improving policy measures. Second, the promotion of civil institutions cannot Informatization construction of the field, such as government informationization, eliminating the digital divide between various social strata, research and development of scientific research projects that private institutions cannot independently carry out.
In terms of government informationization, the e-Japan Key Project Summary requires the central government to establish an e-government in 2003. However, there is no clear regulation on the informationization process of 3,300 local governments at all levels. Rather, they hope that they can implement government informationization in 2005 with reference to the e-Japan Key Project Summary.
3. Breaking monopoly and introducing competition To promote the development of information infrastructure and related services, the Japanese government has adopted a series of policies to encourage free competition. For example, the establishment of an electrical communication dispute handling committee, the establishment of a monopoly prohibition law, and the strengthening of the functions of the Fair Trade Commission. In 2001, the Japanese government also enacted "asymmetric regulations" to implement special government regulations on the largest telecommunications company, Japan Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, to reorganize the 60% of the state-owned shares, with the aim of eliminating its monopoly position and implementing freedom in the communications industry. The competition promotion policy introduces a free competition mechanism and enhances the international competitiveness of the industry.
4. Strengthening the universal education of informatization knowledge and cultivating high-level professionals through multiple channels In order to achieve the goal of personal penetration of the Internet in 2005 exceeding 60%, the Japanese government has increased the education of informatization knowledge. In 2001, it planned to hold 5.5 million person-time information basic knowledge lectures, 1.4 million information technology vocational trainings, and equipped computers for 7,000 libraries and popular cultural activities.
At the same time, it also strengthened the information technology education of the school, added relevant courses, expanded the training of highly educated information technology talents, established the information security technology qualification system, and improved the mechanism for attracting foreign professionals. It is planned to attract 30,000 in 2005. Foreign information technology professionals provide talent and technical support for the scientific research level of Japanese information technology.
III. Measures for the Japanese Government to Promote Enterprise Informatization The Japanese government has no special policy measures for the construction of information technology for large enterprises. However, it will provide certain financial support for informatization projects affecting certain industries, especially for the informationization of small and medium-sized enterprises. Provide a wide range of support services.
At present, the central government provides a part of subsidies dedicated to information construction to local governments, industries, and academia. Since 2001, the focus of the subsidy has shifted from the previous computerization to individual companies or chambers of commerce to projects that support the entire region and industry and major research and development issues that benefit the whole society. For example, the government provided some financial assistance for the EDI project in the steel industry. Under normal circumstances, the government provides subsidies through three methods of informationization. First, the government subsidizes 50% of the project and the company raises 50%. Second, the government pays the full cost of scientific research projects, and the scientific research results are shared by the government and developers. The government issues low-interest or interest-free loans to the project.
In order to promote the informationization of small and medium-sized enterprises, the Japanese government provides support and services from various aspects, and uses existing chambers of commerce to hold informational knowledge lectures for small and medium-sized enterprises, and provides legal consultation services for informationization through the existing legal consultation window.
Fourth, the content and effectiveness of Japanese enterprise informationization The Japanese enterprise informationization process can be summarized as the "three times unified" process. In the process of informationization, Japanese companies first unify the internal production and operation processes of the enterprise, realize the optimal allocation of resources, and improve work efficiency. The second is to realize the unification of business processes between enterprises and suppliers and sellers, and to improve the market resilience of enterprises. Finally, the business processes of enterprises within the industry are unified, forming a unified industry trading market and business model, and improving the overall international market competitiveness of the industry.
The effectiveness of information technology in some enterprises in Japan is also very obvious. For example, after Sharp used SAP management software, the lead time for the production plan was reduced from 3 months to 2 weeks, and the inventory-delivery time was reduced from 2.2 months to 0.9 months. Nissan estimates that using SAP management software will reduce procurement costs by 20%. At present, SAP's "Electricity-Related Materials and Assets Electronic Trading Market", which was developed in cooperation with the US's number one CommerceOne company, has been put into operation in Japan, initially forming a unified trading market for the Japanese power industry.
According to the estimation of enterprises with better information construction in Japan, the use of advanced information technology has greatly improved the efficiency of production planning, inventory management, customer management, online procurement, etc. The effect is very obvious, generally reducing costs. 30%.
Japanese information technology companies are also constantly innovating in providing information technology services. For example, Nippon Electric Company put forward the concept of “five i”, that is, the combination of imagination, inspiration, ideas, information and the Internet. The goal is to realize “i society” by means of broadband internet and mobile terminals. NEC also launched "Internet Radio", which transmits the current status of designated cities, buildings or landscapes according to the proportion of customers' requests through digital cameras located in various parts of Japan. It also provides online shopping services through cooperation with manufacturers and express delivery companies. A 24-hour convenience store cooperates to jointly develop BC business.
V. Lessons from Japanese enterprises' informatization construction
In the process of informatization, Japanese companies also have some lessons to learn. The process of transforming production management by using information technology is also the process of transforming existing business processes with advanced management methods and means. The success of business process reengineering is directly related to the effect of informationization and even success or failure. The reason why the effect of partial enterprise enterprise information construction is not satisfactory is mainly because when the advanced computer management mode is introduced, it is not a top-down overall design method. The scientific business method is used to transform the existing business processes of the enterprise, so that the production management system is systematized. However, according to traditional habits, the management software has been greatly modified, and advanced means have been adapted to the past work habits, that is, “wearing new shoes and walking the old road”, so that the scientific and advanced management software loses unity and advancement and cannot be fully utilized. Its role has led to the unsatisfactory results of many enterprises. This is especially worthy of Chinese companies.
Six inspirations for the construction of information technology in China's enterprises
1. Strengthening network construction and expanding network application To accelerate the process of informationization, Japan has vigorously developed fiber-optic communication. Although it started late but progressed rapidly, it has achieved fiber-to-the-home in some areas, and began to provide fiber in China in March 2001. Internet services have greatly facilitated the adoption of the Internet. At present, China's network infrastructure construction is still relatively backward, the transmission speed is slow, and the use cost is high, which makes many network applications unable to be carried out, directly hindering the enterprise informationization process. Therefore, to promote enterprise information, network construction must go ahead. It is necessary to increase investment in the field of network construction, eliminate monopoly, introduce competition, give full play to the role of the government and enterprises, mobilize funds in all aspects, accelerate the construction of high-speed information networks, expand network coverage, and reduce the cost of use. It is necessary to speed up the resolution of the "last mile" problem and realize the interconnection between high-speed information networks and enterprises as soon as possible.
2. Strengthening training and education, popularizing informational knowledge At present, one of the main reasons for the low level of informationization in China's enterprises is that business management personnel lack the necessary informational knowledge and have insufficient understanding of the role of information technology in transforming enterprises' production management. . Therefore, the government must adopt a variety of forms to carry out multi-level informationization knowledge promotion, training and promotion through various channels. In particular, it is necessary to increase the training of information technology for small and medium-sized enterprises, enterprises in backward areas and traditional labor-intensive enterprises, increase the information awareness and knowledge of such enterprises, and raise the level of understanding of informationization.
3. Enriching information resources and improving information services The experience of Japanese enterprises in informatization construction shows that the enterprise's set of standards for the network is not only related to the network infrastructure, but also closely related to the abundance of network information resources and the level of information services. . At present, China's government and enterprises have low Internet standards, and the network information resources are not rich enough. The information, form, content, and other aspects of information cannot meet the various needs of enterprises. The methods and standards of information services need to be further improved. Therefore, we must continue to promote government and enterprises to access the Internet, enrich policy information and business information; promote the development of Internet-based information service intermediaries, increase the variety of information services, and improve the quality of information services.
4. Give full play to the advantages of specialization and avoid duplication of construction. In the process of enterprise information construction, Japanese companies deeply feel that the extensive application of ERP is a project with large investment and slow effect. Therefore, it has embarked on the specialization of ASP. Road, the implementation of business outsourcing. ASP involves customer relationship management, e-commerce applications, enterprise resource planning, electronic application integration, online remote monitoring services, data centers, customer support and other fields, with strong professionalism and economies of scale. The specialized ASP business model enables customers to realize the “three essentials” of production and operation activities through the network, namely the necessary content, the necessary time and the necessary quantity, thus innovating the enterprise workflow and improving operational efficiency. Chinese enterprises should take advantage of the experience of Japanese companies in this respect. In the construction of informatization, they should also avoid “big and complete, small and complete”, expand business outsourcing, take the road of ASP professional management, share professional business interests, and improve information. Construction level.
Attached file one:
Main contents of Japan's "Basic Law on the Formation of a Highly Information Network Society"
In order to speed up the pace of Japanese social informationization, the Japanese government established Japan as a highly information society as soon as possible. In 2000, the "Basic Law on the Formation of a Highly Information Network Society" was formulated. The law clarifies the basic guidelines for the formulation of information policies, and the basic content of the implementation of the informatization strategy leadership and informationization priorities is the legal basis for the Japanese government to formulate measures to promote informatization policies.
The Basic Law is divided into four chapters and thirty-five. The first chapter is the general rule, the second chapter is the basic policy for formulating policy measures, the third chapter is the setting of the leadership organization, and the fourth chapter is the main content of the key plan.
1. The main content of the general rules. The Japanese government believes that the rapid development of information network technology and the universal application in the world will profoundly change the economic and social structure. In the face of this situation, the central government, local governments and social organizations have the responsibility and responsibility to take relevant measures. Promote the formation of a highly information network society. Through the establishment of legal measures, a world-scale, diversified, free and flexible information network will be formed in Japan to maximize the role of the information network so that citizens can fully and conveniently use the information network. Through e-commerce, we must improve the efficiency of production and operation of small and medium-sized enterprises, create employment opportunities, promote economic restructuring, enhance the international competitiveness of industries, increase the convenience and diversity of national life, expand regional economic exchanges, and activate local economies.
The basic principle of building a highly information network society is: taking enterprises as the main body, the central government, local governments and public organizations have a clear division of labor, taking relevant measures to improve the environment and eliminating barriers that are not conducive to informationization caused by geography, age and physical health. To give everyone an equal opportunity to use the information network.
The Basic Law believes that the formation of an information society will inevitably lead to changes in the socio-economic structure and new problems in various fields such as labor and employment. In this regard, we must take active and appropriate measures to resolve them. Government departments shall formulate and implement corresponding legal and fiscal promotion measures in accordance with the basic guidelines stipulated in this Law; they shall, through various forms, publicize the relevant information for promoting informatization to the public at any time; help the nationals to understand the information network through various publicity activities. society. All localities and organizations shall take corresponding promotion measures in accordance with the basic policies and specific circumstances set forth in this Law. The central government, local governments, and social organizations must work together and advance together when implementing policy measures with emphasis.
2. The basic policy for formulating and implementing policy measures. The basic policy for formulating and implementing policy measures is to further develop information networks, expand the application of information networks, provide various information such as text, voice, and images on the Internet, and promote the integration of information technology and information content to build a world-wide Level information communication network.
To this end, measures should be taken to promote fair competition; various training methods should be adopted to cultivate talents with specialized skills and innovative capabilities; formulate and amend relevant laws and regulations, protect intellectual property rights, protect consumer rights; actively develop e-commerce, and use electronic Business conducts social and economic activities; national, local, and public organizations should simplify administrative procedures, improve work efficiency, increase work transparency, and provide convenient, high-quality, and diversified public services for citizens; and take measures to ensure the security of information networks. And reliability; cooperation in a wide range of areas including international standards, research and development, technical collaboration and international assistance. The central government, local governments, public organizations, universities, and enterprises and institutions must closely cooperate to strengthen the information network foundation, strengthen research and development, and enhance the international competitiveness of the industry.
3. Strategic headquarters setting. The Japanese government has set up a strategic headquarters for building a highly information network society in the cabinet. The main responsibility of the headquarters is to formulate and implement the information network social key project, review the major implementation plans of informatization and formulate and promote measures. Strategic Headquarters, Deputy Minister and Member. The Minister is headed by the Prime Minister of the Cabinet and is responsible for overall work. The Deputy Minister is served by the Minister of State and assists the Minister. The Prime Minister has appointed outstanding professionals to serve as members. The Strategic Headquarters has the right to request assistance and work materials from relevant departments in accordance with relevant laws.
4. About the key projects. The main contents of the construction of a high-information network social key project: First, the basic policy of building a highly information network society; second, to form a world-class information and communication network; third, to strengthen training and education; fourth, to develop e-commerce extensively The fifth is to promote the application of information technology in the public domain; the sixth is to improve the security and reliability of the network. In principle, it is important to clarify the specific goals and the time to complete the goals. The key projects formulated by the strategic headquarters should be announced to the public in a timely manner through various means such as the Internet. The strategic headquarters will follow up on the implementation status according to the project objectives and publish the results in a timely manner.
The Basic Law was implemented on January 6, 2001. Within three years, the government will discuss the status of the implementation of the law and take corresponding countermeasures based on the implementation results.
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