Private technology enterprise inspection report

Private technology enterprise inspection report

China Private Technology Promotion Association



Recently, the China Private Science and Technology Promotion Association organized an inspection of private technology enterprises and private scientific and technological work in ten provinces and cities in China's southeastern coastal and central and western regions and other provinces and cities. Judging from the investigation, the development of private technology enterprises in China is very good, and the achievements are very encouraging. Private technology enterprises have become one of the most active and innovative powers in China's national economic development and the main force in the high-tech industry. In some areas, they have become the main force driving economic development, and are local economic development and localities. A highlight in the work of science and technology. With the promotion and strong support of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the local science and technology departments, private science and technology work plays an important role in guiding China's private economy to rely on scientific and technological progress to achieve rapid development and to promote the transformation of private enterprises into technology-based enterprises and high-tech enterprises. It effectively supported the development of local economic and social development, improved the status of scientific and technological work and local science and technology management departments in party committees and governments, and increased the support of party committees and governments at all levels for scientific and technological work. As a banner of scientific and technological work serving the economic construction, private scientific and technological work, in the new situation, will play a greater role in building a well-off society in an all-round way, promoting technological innovation and industrialization, and continuing to lead private enterprises to transition to science and technology enterprises.
First, the development trend of private technology enterprises
1. Private technology enterprises have become an important force in the development of local regional economy. Private technology enterprises have witnessed the momentum of comprehensive and rapid development. The number and scale of enterprises have been increasing. The total income of technology, industry and trade, total profits, and taxes paid have continued to grow at the same time, and the role of local economic growth has become more and more significant. In 2003, the private technology enterprises in Guangdong Province realized a total income of 511.4 billion yuan in technology, industry and trade, ranking first in the national private technology enterprises for six consecutive years. From 1991 to 2003, the private technology enterprises in Shenzhen grew at an average rate of 87% per year, and more than 800 private technology companies created a total revenue of 132.1 billion yuan. Zhejiang private technology enterprises have developed rapidly, ranking sixth in the country from the original national sixth, with a total income of 453.7 billion yuan, second only to Guangdong Province, 90% of the total output value is from private technology companies, especially in Wenzhou. In other regions, private technology enterprises have become the main force driving regional economic development.
In 2003, the number of private technology enterprises in the ten provinces and cities in the western region reached 13,268, and the total income of technology, industry and trade was 362.5 billion yuan, which was 1.25 times higher than the total income of technology, industry and trade in 2000. Private technology enterprises in the central and northeastern regions have also achieved leap-forward development. The total income of technology, industry and trade of private technology enterprises in Henan, Hubei, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces exceeded 100 billion yuan for the first time. The number of private technology enterprises in the eight provinces and cities in the central region has increased by 21% compared with 2000, and the total income of technology, industry and trade has increased by 1.4 times. In particular, the private technology enterprises in Henan Province have achieved extraordinary development, and the total income has jumped from the thirteenth in the country in 2000. To the eighth place in 2004.
2. Private technology enterprises have become the main force in the development of high-tech industrialization. Private technology enterprises actively participate in the implementation of various scientific and technological projects of the state, provinces and cities. The products involve electronic information, biomedicine, opto-mechatronics, new materials, military industry, aerospace and other fields. This shows that private technology enterprises have become an important carrier and implementer of the country's development of high-tech industrialization, and it is the main force for the development of high-tech industrialization. According to statistics, more than 80% of the enterprises in 53 national high-tech zones, university science and technology parks, foreign student entrepreneurship parks and agricultural science and technology parks are private technology enterprises. According to our understanding of 20 provinces and cities, private technology enterprises have been recognized as high-tech enterprises accounting for more than 70%, Beijing, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shaanxi and other places account for more than 90%, and more than 95% of Shanghai private technology enterprises are engaged in high-tech industries. .
3. Private technology companies are gradually becoming the mainstay of technological innovation. Constantly accelerating technological innovation is the internal motivation and objective requirement for private technology enterprises to adapt to the development of new situations. Private technology companies attach great importance to research and development, and R&D expenses generally account for more than 3% of the company's sales revenue, with the highest accounting for more than 10%. Through independent research and development, research and development with research institutes and universities, entrusted research and development and purchase of patents, transfer of scientific and technological achievements, etc., enterprises generally have patented technology and proprietary technology with independent intellectual property rights. Some private technology companies have also established research institutes with universities and colleges, and established research and development institutions in central cities or abroad, so that the research and development of enterprises has reached international advanced standards. Private technology companies also pay great attention to the protection of intellectual property rights, and the number of patent applications applied by enterprises is generally high. Knowledge innovation and technological innovation have greatly enhanced the core competitiveness of enterprises and enabled them to obtain high returns. In addition, the brand awareness of private technology companies has generally improved, and the registration, use and promotion of trademarks have become an important means for enterprises to enhance their competitiveness and a magic weapon to win.
Technological innovation has also rejuvenated the traditional industry. For example, Chongqing's private technology enterprises have formed a cluster of locomotives and accessories that are led by Lifan, Longxin and Zongshen, with annual revenues of 4.56 billion yuan, 5 billion yuan and 6 billion yuan respectively. Around the three major enterprises gathered thousands of small and medium-sized private technology enterprises, forming a large industrial chain of locomotive technology.
4. Private technology companies have become a new force in participating in international competition. After China's accession to the WTO, private technology enterprises aim at the international market, expand product exports, and actively adopt a "going out" development strategy to open up international markets and participate in international competition. In 2002, Haier Group's 13 overseas factories operated across the board, achieving an overseas turnover of US$1 billion. The brand entered the top 5 global home appliances, and the internationalization strategy began to enter the harvest period. Huawei products have entered more than 30 countries, with overseas product sales exceeding US$500 million. In April 2004, Chongqing Zongshen Group and Yidu Libya Qiao Group carried out all-round cooperation to form Foshan Zongshen Biagio Motorcycle Co., Ltd., and planned to build a locomotive engine production base with a production capacity of more than 500,000 units in Chongqing. Chongqing Lifan Group has established production bases in Vietnam, India and Bulgaria. In 2003, it earned US$203 million in exports.
The universal joint products produced by Zhejiang Wanxiang Group have been exported to more than 40 countries and regions, and have been supplied to GM, Ford and other automobile companies, and have entered the international host parts supporting market; the small household appliances produced by Superman Group are exported to more than 40 countries in the world. In many countries and regions, “Superman” has become an internationally renowned brand, and its international market share exceeds that of famous European companies.
5. Private technology enterprises participate in the transformation of state-owned enterprises and achieve leap-forward development through mergers and acquisitions. Private technology enterprises actively participate in the restructuring and transformation of state-owned enterprises. On the one hand, they have revitalized state-owned assets, resettled employees, and promoted the optimal allocation of resources; on the other hand, they have expanded their scale and scope of development. As a result, Haifuxing Group achieved leap-forward development through asset restructuring and the advantages of institutional innovation and management innovation. In 2003, the total income of technology, industry and trade was 27 billion yuan, and the tax paid was 3.105 billion yuan. The tax growth rate was 202 percentage points higher than the national tax growth rate. In the first half of 2004, the tax was 1.755 billion yuan, which was more than the same period of the previous year. It has grown by 65.5%. Shenzhen BYD reorganized and merged state-owned Xi'an Qinchuan Automobile Manufacturing Plant with a one-time investment of 269 million yuan. After the reorganization, it adopted the strategy of “Dongyan West Production”, established a research institute in Shanghai, and established an automobile industry base in Xi'an. In 2004, it will develop 200 vehicles. Electric vehicles are operating in Shenzhen, and their sales of nickel-cadmium batteries are the highest in the world.
6. Group, internationalization and diversification have become the trend of the development of private technology enterprises. The emergence of private consortiums integrating finance, industry and trade marks that private technology enterprises have entered a new stage of development. With the reform of the property rights system of private technology enterprises, the property rights of enterprises are further clarified, and the type of ownership economy begins to change from state-owned, collective, and individual-private to partnership, joint venture, and shareholding system. The ownership structure of enterprises is becoming more and more reasonable, basically conforming to the modern property rights system. Claim. Among the private technology enterprises that have completed the initial accumulation of capital and have a certain scale, most of them have carried out or are undergoing joint-stock reform, expanding investment entities to achieve diversification of property rights, separating ownership and management rights, establishing a modern enterprise system, and technological innovation for enterprises. And laid the foundation for management innovation and rapid expansion. Grouping, internationalization and diversification have become the development trend of private technology enterprises. In Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, a new development model with financial capital as the link and a three-in-one financial consortium of finance, industry and trade has emerged. It has shifted from industrial operation to capital management, participating in national infrastructure construction, western development, and transformation of old industrial bases in Northeast China. , financial business and international industry alliance, marking the breakthrough and exploration of private technology enterprises to a certain stage of development.
7. Private technology enterprises have a lot to do in solving the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. The issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is a big issue concerning social stability and the sustained and stable development of the national economy. It is also an important issue that the central government is most concerned about in the new era. In recent years, private technology enterprises have been market-oriented, and with the encouragement and support of local governments and science and technology departments, relying on scientific and technological progress, they have invested boldly in the agricultural industry. Utilize high and new technology to develop agricultural industrialization, and implement the production and operation mode of “scientific and technological professionals + company + base + farmers + trade” and the distribution model of land and facilities use rights as equity investment participation and agricultural wages and bonuses The economic form, the efficient and rational use of resources, the implementation of intensive, scientific, market-oriented operations, the development of characteristic agriculture, the promotion of agricultural and sideline products deep processing, benefit agriculture, ecological agriculture, led thousands of peasants to embark on the road to prosperity It has achieved good economic and social benefits and shows the important role of private technology enterprises in increasing farmers' income, agricultural efficiency and rural development.
For example, Jiangxi Dejing Live Tea Co., Ltd. in Jingdezhen was rated as the national key leading enterprise of agricultural industrialization by the national eight ministries and commissions, and was awarded the leading enterprise of scientific and technological innovation by the Ministry of Science and Technology. The company started out as a development board chicken, and has now developed into a large-scale agricultural industrialization group with seed, raising and processing. It has 398 employees, including 96 scientific and technical personnel, accounting for 24% of the total number of employees. It is a private enterprise. Technology companies. Through the development of tea planting and processing technology, the company has driven more than 260,000 farmers to plant 30,000 mu of tea gardens and produce and get rich. At present, the company has an annual output of 200,000 jin of tea and annual sales of 80 million yuan. The company has invested 15 million yuan per year to compensate farmers for “returning farmland to tea” at an annual rate of 300 yuan per mu. It will remain unchanged for 5 years and will be completed in 2003. The company found more than 8,000 acres of wild tea in the deep mountains of Shouxi Village. The company purchased huge funds to buy 70 years of use of 8,000 acres of wild tea to establish a wild tea base. Jinkun Bio-engineering Company of Yangling, Shaanxi Province, takes the industrial breeding of animal breeds as the core, and relies on the biotechnology of Northwest Agricultural University to undertake three national-level projects and become the leading enterprise that drives farmers to get rich quickly. In four years, it will increase income for farmers. 25 million yuan directly led 60,000 farmers out of poverty. Zhejiang Liziyuan Milk Food Co., Ltd. has three self-running farms and 15 farms jointly run by farmers. It has a total of 10,200 cows, and has formed thousands of dairy farmers in the surrounding areas. More than 3,000 farmers are mainly dairy cows. industry. Some private technology companies that have become the industry leader, such as Zhejiang Chuanhua Group and Wanxiang Group, are actively exploring investment in agriculture, establishing a high-tech agricultural demonstration park, developing facility agriculture, agricultural bio-engineering, providing quality seedlings, Seed and agricultural services. Wuhan Peace Agriculture Corporation has established a 400-acre science and technology estate, and the “double-low rapeseed” developed by the company has benefited the surrounding farmers of 360,000 mu of farmland. Dasheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. of Baotou City, Inner Mongolia began to study the industrialization of deer in 1998. The deep processing of deer and deer products led the farmers and herdsmen to get rich. At present, there are 11,000 deer, of which 2,000 are self-supported, and 9000 farmers and herdsmen are trained. Each deer can earn 3,000 yuan a year. They also cooperated with New Zealand to conduct embryo technology research, which made the twin deer rate reach 35%, greatly improved the breeding speed of the deer and improved the economic efficiency and enthusiasm of the herds. The company plans to develop 1,000 large deer in each of the 12 leagues in Inner Mongolia and develop to 100,000 in five years. There are 121 employees in the company, 80% of them are college or above. More than 200 species of deer have been provided to help more than 60 poor herders. Baotou Jiayixin Wool Textile Products Co., Ltd. established a factory in 2002 with an investment of 1.4 million yuan to acquire herders' deep processing of wool and cashmere. There are 38 employees and 50% are laid-off workers. In 2003, the output value was 1.49 million yuan. It is estimated that the output value in 2004 will reach 15 million yuan and the tax will be 2.5 million yuan, which will drive 500 herders to get rich.
8. Private technology companies have created a large number of employment opportunities and contributed to social stability. The development of private technology enterprises has provided a large number of employment opportunities for the society, especially an important channel for the employment of science and technology personnel, especially high-tech talents. In 1992, there were only 550,000 employees in China's private technology enterprises, which increased to 9.61 million in 2003, a 16-fold increase from 1992 and a 22.73% increase from 2002. Among them, there are about 1.47 million people with a university-level education level, accounting for 15.30% of the total number of employees. Chongqing Zongshen Group has more than 8,000 employees, including 3,000 laid-off workers. Its close-funded supporting enterprises and suppliers have placed 30,000 laid-off workers and passed through more than 100 purchase and sales and cooperative enterprises. Created employment opportunities.
9. Private enterprises participate in private education and cultivate compound talents. A group of powerful private technology enterprises actively established private universities and engaged in private education. They not only cultivated the urgently needed technology and management talents for the enterprises themselves, but also sent a large number of intellectual workers and compound talents with long learning. For example, Geely Group of Ningbo founded Geely University in Changping, Beijing; Shaanxi Buchang Group invested 50 million yuan to establish Shaanxi International Business College. Over the past five years, it has trained more than 10,000 graduates, and the employment rate has reached 100%.
10. Providing a platform for entrepreneurial innovation for overseas students. Private technology enterprises also provide a platform for entrepreneurial innovation for the majority of overseas students. At present, more than 60 foreign student entrepreneurship parks have been established in the country. These parks all have a high starting point. Management and services tend to be market-oriented and internationalized, which promotes the localization of science and technology, and has played a major role in the development of high-tech industries. The driving force. The Haijiading International Student Pioneer Park is a park in the Jiading Private Technology Park. At present, the Jiading International Student Pioneer Park has become a national high-tech zone. There are more than 300 enterprises established by overseas students, and more than 600 students are employed by the students. It is the registered enterprise of more than 60 foreign students' entrepreneurial parks and the largest number of students studying abroad. one. In the first half of 2004, the total output value reached 610 million yuan, and the tax paid in January-May was 33.86 million yuan.
Second, a few revelations
1. Private technology enterprises are the carriers for local science and technology departments to contribute to economic construction. The basic line of the party centered on economic construction has not wavered for 100 years. Private technology enterprises in many places have played an important role in the local economy. For example, Chongqing's locomotive industry, Zhejiang's small commodities and light industrial products are all private and technological. By seizing the private technology enterprises, science and technology work can provide effective support for accelerating local economic development, improving economic quality, and developing high-tech industrialization, thereby increasing the position of local science and technology work in the local government and causing local party committees. Concern for scientific and technological work.
2. Private technology is an important part of the local innovation system. The important task of the local science and technology department is to build a local science and technology innovation system. In the local innovation system, enterprises are the mainstay, and universities and research institutes are the backbone. How can the main body and the backbone be combined to form a dynamic innovation system? Practice has proved that the mechanism of private technology is an effective way. In this way, new products are continuously introduced and patents are continuously introduced. Constantly generate new value. Xinguang Group, which produces jewelry in Yiwu, Zhejiang, launches more than 120 new products every day. Zhejiang Yongkang produces super-manpowered small household appliances, and the number of patent applications ranks first in the province. In recent years, Zhejiang's economy has developed rapidly and is called "Zhejiang phenomenon" by economists. Many people are studying the secret of the "Zhejiang phenomenon" and believe that the private mechanism is the main reason. This understanding is not comprehensive. According to the situation of our investigation, private plus technology is the main reason. In this regard, the local science and technology innovation system built by Zhejiang local science and technology departments has contributed.
3. The local science and technology department has a lot to do in solving the bottleneck problem in social and economic development. The issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” is an example. The issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is an unavoidable big problem in China's industrialization and urbanization. We must solve this problem if we must build a well-off society in an all-round way within 20 years. The investigation shows that private technology has a lot to do with the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”. The leading enterprises of science and technology agriculture established in many places have implemented the model of “technology + company + farmer + base + international trade”, which has accelerated the industrialization of agriculture, increased the productivity of agricultural labor, and promoted a large number of farmers to get rid of poverty and prosper the rural economy. In other bottlenecks such as capital and environmental issues, private technology is also promising.
4. In local science and technology work, the banner of private technology cannot be lost. Since the reform and opening up, private technology enterprises have grown from scratch, from small to large, from weak to strong. The current economic scale has exceeded 3 trillion yuan, becoming a major highlight in economic construction. This is in line with the leadership of the Ministry of Science and Technology and local technology. The active support of the department is inseparable. In the process of building a well-off society in the next 20 years, the science and technology departments should continue to play their active role in economic construction, constructing a national innovation system and breaking through bottlenecks, and continue to hold this banner high. In fact, in recent years, some local science and technology departments have created a lot of experience in this regard. Summarizing these experiences and furthering the role of local science and technology work is a very meaningful work.
Third, the main problems in private scientific and technological work
1. The development of private science and technology work between regions is very uneven. In particular, some central and western regions have insufficient understanding of private science and technology work. The idea still stays in the era of planning economy, and does not fully recognize the role of private technology enterprises in developing local economy. Therefore, it does not pay attention to the development of private technology enterprises, lacks the enthusiasm for private science and technology work, and can not find the entry point of work. In dealing with the relationship between state-owned enterprises, collective enterprises and private enterprises, they cannot be treated equally, and they tend to ignore and ignore private technology enterprises. The support for private technology enterprises is obviously weak.
2. The regional innovation system construction and scientific and technological service capabilities can not adapt well to the requirements of the rapid development of private technology enterprises. In some places, the investment in science and technology is insufficient, and there is no effective support for the technological innovation of private technology enterprises.
3. Some local science and technology departments have a tendency to relax on private science and technology work, and generally reflect the lack of means and grasp of private technology work. After the implementation of the Administrative Licensing Law, some local science and technology departments canceled the identification of private technology enterprises, which caused great difficulties for the local science and technology departments to continue to lead the work of private technology enterprises, such as the annual statistical work, due to the cancellation of the identification, statistical work Accuracy is also difficult to grasp, and there is a tendency to “fade out” and weaken private technology.
4. There is no effective mechanism for the flow of scientific and technological talents. The issue of talents is a common problem encountered in the development of private technology enterprises.
Fourth, further suggestions for private scientific and technological work
1. Establish a scientific development concept and further raise awareness of the importance of developing private technology companies. It is necessary to unify thoughts, update concepts, and clarify that private technology enterprises are breakthroughs in system reform. Market market explorers and pioneers of advanced productive forces are important forces for promoting economic and social development. The continuous deepening of China's scientific and technological system and economic system reform, the entry into the WTO, and the vigorous development of the new situation of the private economy have all put forward objective and urgent new requirements for the vigorous development of private technology enterprises. Local governments and science and technology authorities must correctly understand and actively grasp this development trend, incorporate private technology enterprises into their missions, formulate development plans, and take effective measures to create a level playing field; the government should change its work functions, styles and methods, and strengthen Service, coordination and guidance should be done in a state-owned and private-owned manner when formulating and implementing policies.
2. The science and technology department should regard private technology work as an important part of scientific and technological work. Support the development of private technology enterprises through various types of scientific and technological projects, evaluation and appraisal of results, special funds, and the openness of innovation funds. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen investigation and research, and formulate corresponding policy measures to address the difficulties and problems in development.
3. Continuously increase investment in science and technology, strengthen the construction of regional innovation systems, and improve the ability of scientific and technological services. It is necessary to integrate various scientific and technological resources, and at the same time promote the productivity promotion center, technology business incubator, regional technology innovation pilot and demonstration work, and build a group of research and development and entrepreneurship platforms with high degree of sharing. Actively strive for national and local government investment in science and technology, adopt various forms, and guide social forces to serve local scientific and technological progress and innovation.
4. Strengthen the enterprise's awareness of technological innovation. Actively guide qualified private technology enterprises to establish and improve the technology development centers of enterprises, clarify that enterprises are the new main body of technological innovation, increase investment in research and development; encourage enterprises to actively introduce talents, use talents, stabilize the talent team; help enterprises to be proactive The establishment establishes contacts with scientific research units and colleges and universities, determines technical support, implements bilateral or multilateral technical cooperation, and establishes experimental bases and engineering centers.
5. Establish an active and effective talent flow mechanism to guide the flow of high-quality talents to private technology enterprises; strengthen talent training, provide talent guarantee for the development of private technology enterprises; actively explore effective incentive and restraint mechanisms, and participate in distribution and equity, options with production factors Such means to retain the technical and management talents that enterprises urgently need.
6. Following the development zones such as high-tech and economic technology, a number of private science and technology parks have been established in various places. They have become a gathering place for private technology companies and become another highlight of local science and technology work. Pay attention to the construction of private science and technology parks, and give full play to the dual effects of private science and technology parks on the incubation and industrialization of private technology enterprises. With the aim of strengthening services, we will develop and standardize private science and technology parks, continuously improve the quality of the park's operation, and work hard to improve services and function.
7. Establish and improve the social science and technology service system, give play to the role of science and technology associations, intermediaries, especially private science and technology promotion associations, and give the private science and technology promotion society certain social service functions, such as undertaking the identification of private technology enterprises, making them more Good communication and communication between government and business.
8. We will give play to the guiding role of SME innovation funds and innovation funds from all over the world, establish a strategic alliance mechanism between innovation funds and venture capital, guarantee companies, commercial banks and investment funds, and effectively use various funds to solve the financing difficulties of private technology enterprises.