Report on Higher Education in the United States and Canada
Report on Higher Education in the United States and Canada
From June 29 to July 14, 2005, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the school, Mr. Yan Silen led the party office director Gan Jianqing, organization minister Jiang Shaohua, propaganda minister Ma Ke, united front minister Li Hengjin, union vice chairman and director of the women's committee Xu Yanwen, logistics department general branch Secretary Zhang Wuhua, Secretary of the Party Branch of the School of Finance and Finance, Wang Jianhui, Party Secretary of the School of Statistics and Mathematics, Wang Jianxiang, Vice President of the Party Branch of Yanshan College, Chen Changsen, and Deputy Director of the Office of Foreign Exchange and Cooperation, Wang Lijuan, 11 people, to the United States, Canada Some universities in the country conducted inspection visits. Through active and sincere work and enthusiastic and extensive consultations, the relevant cooperation and exchange projects have made new progress on the basis of the original, reached an agreement with foreign universities, signed a cooperation agreement and a letter of intent for cooperation, and the investigation was a complete success.
I. Basic Situation In order to avoid the US Independence Day and the Canadian National Day study visit, the US-Canada-US route was adopted.
Overview and Investigation of American Higher Education
1. Overview of American higher education. The United States belongs to the developed countries. Higher education is very popular, and the level is also in the forefront of the world. There are more than 3,300 universities, including more than 1,700 public institutions and more than 1,600 private institutions. It has world-renowned institutions of higher learning such as Harvard University, Stanford University, Yale University, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Regardless of whether it is a public or private school, its founding must be licensed by the state government, and the school's constitution must be approved by the government.
In the management system of higher education, it is a type of decentralization, that is, the Ministry of Education is only responsible for macroeconomic regulation and control, and each state manages educational affairs on its own. There is no unified model for the higher education management systems of the states.
Higher education in the United States is divided into two types: two-year colleges, four-year universities, graduate schools, and some universities and research centers. There are corresponding credit standards at all levels of higher education. No matter which level of degree you want to get, you must complete the required courses related to the credit standards and take the prescribed exams. Credits between universities are mutually recognized.
Two-year colleges: There are more than 1,200 colleges, mostly technical colleges and community colleges. Two courses are offered, one is a vocational-related skills training course; the other is a transfer course to learn some knowledge related to the humanities and the natural sciences. After completing the two courses and earning credits, you can obtain a certificate or an associate degree. And can transfer to a four-year university to pursue a bachelor's degree.
Four-year university: There are more than 2,000 universities, mainly liberal arts colleges, independent professional colleges and comprehensive universities, representing the highest level of scientific research and teaching in the United States. Students can earn a bachelor's degree after 4 years of study, and some institutions offer graduate programs, grant master's degrees, and accept foreign students for degrees.
Graduate School: It takes 1-2 years to study for a master's degree and 2-3 years to study for a doctoral degree. The graduate school in the United States not only recruits domestic students, but also recruits a large number of foreign students.
2. Investigations on American higher education. The delegation arrived in Washington on June 29 at 22:00 local time. The next morning, I visited Georgetown University. Mr. Deanna, the director of the University's Language Education and Training Center, and Ms. Bennett, the deputy director, hosted us and enthusiastically introduced the functions of the university's language training center and the ongoing training programs. Deputy Secretary Qi Silun introduced the basic situation of our school and expressed the desire to cooperate and exchange with the school. The two sides held consultations on cooperation training teachers, management personnel and students. Founded in 1789, Georgetown University is the most comprehensive and comprehensive private university in Washington, DC, located in the heart of Washington, DC. The school is ranked 23rd in more than 3,000 universities across the United States, with Harvard University, Stanford University, etc. Together they are recognized as the best universities in the United States. Former US President Bill Clinton, South African Archbishop Tutu, German Foreign Minister Fisher, and Philippine President Arroyo are all famous alumni of the school. The school has a strong faculty, and many famous professors and experts from around the world teach at this school. Former US Secretary of State Obrickett was a professor at the school. The school consists of nine colleges and a career development center, including George Cheng College, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Foreign Affairs College, International College, Law School, and McDonnell Business School. The school's graduates currently occupy an important position in all areas of the world.
The delegation returned to the United States from Canada and arrived at San Jose State University on July 8 at 9:40 local time. Located in California's world-famous “Shibuya”, the University of San Jose is the first higher education public institution in the West Coast of the United States. It has a high-quality education standard and enjoys a high reputation in science, engineering, and business. The most popular top ten The Department of Computer Science, Information Management, Computer Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Art and Design, Management, Marketing, Accounting, and Child-Inspired Psychology. Shi Dejun, director of the International Leadership Training Center of the International Department of the University, and Wang Wei, the chief consultant of the China Project, received the delegation. Shi Dejun introduced the general situation of the school and the teaching, training and related hardware by means of oral presentation and computer screen display. Facility conditions. Founded in 1857, the University of San Jose is the earliest public higher education institution in the western United States. It has 69 bachelor's degree programs, 65 master's degree programs, more than 30,000 students, and eight professional colleges. That is to say, the College of Science and Technology, the College of Education, the College of Humanities and Arts, the Academy of Social Sciences, the School of Business, the School of Engineering, the Academy of Sciences, and the School of Social Work. The school's International Leadership Training Center is mainly engaged in the training of high-level management personnel from various countries. It has organized a number of senior management talent training for Hunan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Tibet, Shandong Jinan and other provinces and cities. Qingdao University has Twenty-nine people participated in the three-month training conducted by the school.
During the United States, the delegation also visited Stanford University, Hawaii State University and other schools, visited the school's campus and some teaching facilities, and learned about the development of these schools, school characteristics and school-running modes, and broadened their horizons.
Overview and survey of higher education in Canada
1. Overview of Canadian higher education. There is no federal education department or similar institution in Canada. In addition to private founders, higher education institutions are provincial universities. The provincial education departments form a coordination organization, the Council of Ministers of Education, which is responsible for communicating and coordinating the education work of the provinces. Under the authority of the federal government, it undertakes the exchange of education with other countries. Canada does not have a national unified education policy and rules and regulations. The provinces are not identical in terms of academic system, curriculum, examinations, etc. The highest authority of the university administrative system is the school board, and the highest authority in the academic field is the school council. Canada's higher education ranks among the top in the world. There are more than 200 colleges and universities, which can be divided into three types: universities, community colleges, specialized technical schools or private schools. In terms of nature, it can be divided into public and private. The funds of public schools are all provided by the provinces. In addition to relying on tuition fees and private donations, private schools also pay for the insufficiency.
University: There are more than 90 universities in the country, some of which are also called colleges. They usually refer to higher education institutions that have the right to grant degrees. All of them are provincial-owned, mainly in Ontario and Quebec, and more than 70 of them can be awarded to various majors. Bachelor of Science. There are more than a dozen universities that do not have degree conferring rights, but can entrust a university with which they are associated to award a degree. The university basically implements the credit system and maintains a high standard of national unity.
Community College: Also known as the School of Arts and Technology, it is a two- to three-year university. There are more than 200 universities in the country. They only offer diplomas and do not offer degrees. The community colleges also provide 1-3 years of vocational training courses, which are convenient for students. Transfer to another university to continue studying.
Specialized technical schools or private schools: mainly engaged in traditional vocational and specialized technical training courses.
2. Investigations on Canadian higher education. On July 3, I visited the University of Toronto, Canada, visited the school campus and some teaching facilities, and learned about the professional settings and development of these schools. On July 5, at 12:30 local time, the delegation arrived in Victoria, Canada to inspect Royal Road University. The principal of the school led the responsible person of the relevant department to accompany the delegation for lunch. In the afternoon, the two sides held talks and consultations on teachers, student training and other projects. Deputy Secretary Qi Silun signed a cooperation agreement with Royal Road University on behalf of our school. In the evening, Royal Road University held a grand dinner to host the delegation. The principal of the school and the heads of publicity, student management and other relevant departments attended the dinner.
On July 6, the delegation arrived in Vancouver by boat and visited the University of Fraser Valley at 4:40 pm local time. The university is a public university approved by the state of Canada. It was established in 1974 and has more than 7,000 students and more than 200 foreign students. Dr. Wei Weishi, the vice president of the university, led the director of the computer information system department of the school, Fan Paul, Sun Wenrui, dean of the School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Fine Arts, and Shi Dingshen, director of the International Education Department, and other leaders of the relevant departments and the delegation had a sincere and enthusiastic meeting. Wei Weishi The principal briefed the situation of the school and said that he had visited the Shandong Institute of Economics. After returning to inform the interview, the various departments of the school expressed great interest in the cooperation with Shan Jing. He hoped to work with Shan Jing in teachers. Student training and other areas of comprehensive cooperation. Deputy Secretary Qi Silun introduced the guiding ideology of running a school and the idea of implementing an open school. It specifically mentioned the implementation of the “313” talent project in the school, emphasizing the grafting with foreign universities, creating opportunities for students to receive international education, and comprehensively improving education. Human quality. In a sincere and friendly atmosphere, Deputy Secretary Qi Silun signed a letter of intent for cooperation with the University of Fraser Valley on behalf of our school. Later, the delegation visited the school's teaching facilities, gymnasium, and international education department office. The office places were decorated with Chinese handicrafts, Qing Dynasty costumes, paintings and paintings collected from different channels, reflecting the school's love for Chinese culture.
Second, the main harvest delegation in 14 days, transferred to the United States, Canada and the two countries, visited and visited seven universities, signed two contracts, enhanced exchanges with foreign universities, broadened their horizons.
Two contracts were signed.
1. Signed a cooperation agreement with Royal Roads University of Canada. It mainly includes four parts: university degree program, master's degree program, study tour, cultural and academic exchange project. University degree program: The two universities jointly established the 2+2 cooperation mode university department project. The students studied in Shanjing for the first two years and completed the university study at Royal Road University in the next two years. Majors include the use of communication, business management, hotel management, leadership and management science. Shan Jing will send 20-60 students to Royal Road University in 2006. Master's degree program: The two schools jointly established a 4+2 master's degree cooperation model, that is, the student's university department study was completed in Shanjing, and then studied at Royal Road University for two years to obtain a master's degree. Major majors include cross-cultural communication, leadership and training, environment and management, and knowledge management. Study Tour: Shan Jing selected management personnel and teachers, went to Royal Road University to participate in advanced education management training, English guidance, and visit related universities. Cultural and academic exchanges: The two universities jointly seek academic research and information exchange research cooperation.
2. Signed a letter of intent for cooperation with the University of Fraser Valley, Canada. The two sides actively cooperated with training managers, teachers and students, and explored forms of cooperation in academic exchanges.
Strengthened exchanges with foreign universities and expanded channels for open education. Through the inspections, visits and visits of the seven universities in the United States and Canada, the mutual understanding between the two sides has been enhanced, and the school's educational thoughts, school-running characteristics and academic advantages have been publicized, and the international influence of our school has been expanded. It has reached the goal of understanding cooperation and running schools, exploring the mode of cooperation in running schools, exploring the space for cooperation in running schools, and laying the foundation for cooperation in running schools. During the visit, we deeply felt that some universities in the United States and Canada are also actively seeking international partners, expressing strong desire for the cooperation of our school, especially the University of Fraser Valley in Canada, although the two sides are currently comprehensive. The timing of the cooperation is not yet mature, but the University of Fraser Valley is willing to engage in active contact with our school to deepen mutual understanding and ultimately achieve full cooperation. Georgetown University said in the negotiations that it is willing to modify the training program being implemented according to our actual needs, or to develop a new training program for us, showing a sincere desire for cooperation. Although there are a certain gap between the two parties, there are not many contracts signed for this visit. However, through this visit, the door for exchanges and cooperation with more universities has been opened. With the mutual exchanges and exchanges in the future, the two sides will further deepen communication and understanding. We will surely find the best combination of cooperation and form a variety of cooperation in different fields and different ways.
Broaden your horizons and grow your knowledge. During the visits of the United States and Canada, everyone saw the prosperous cities, high-quality life and clean environment of these countries, and heard the voices of Chinese people living in exotic countries, "the motherland is strong, and our overseas Chinese are straight." To make everyone more deeply understand the incomparable correctness of Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s "development is the last word" and more profoundly understand the incomparable correctness of the party's basic line. It is precisely by adhering to economic construction as the center, persisting in reform and opening up, and China’s comprehensive national strength has been greatly improved, which has greatly narrowed the gap with developed countries. We must uphold the party's basic line unwaveringly, constantly improve the level of productivity development, constantly improve the people's living standards, and constantly improve the ideological and moral standards of the entire nation. This is the only way for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
At the same time, we also see that there are also dark sides in the prosperous scene: some urban neighborhoods are everywhere, no one is cleaning; tramps are often visible, lying on the public green space to rest; on the streets of New York City, standing squatting; Some public servants and a few people have stereotypes about the Chinese. This shows that the Western world is not everything, and there are also backward aspects in the economy. This has given us a deeper understanding of the United States, reduced self-esteem and increased national self-esteem and self-confidence.
Through interviews, I saw the gap and enhanced my sense of responsibility in doing my job. After visiting and inspecting some famous schools in the United States and Canada, we deeply felt that our schools are deeply impressed by the profound cultural heritage, rich historical accumulation, rich cultural atmosphere, beautiful campus environment and advanced teaching facilities. The gap has spurred the implementation of the spirit of the Second Party Congress and the spirit of the Fifth Teachers' Congress, and strived to achieve the strategic goal of school development and build our school into a high-level financial and economic university.
III. Enlightenment and Thinking Adhering to People-oriented and Taking Education as the Fundamental Task of the School “People-oriented” is an important concept of higher education management in the United States and Canada. It highlights the quality of students in running schools and pays attention to individualized education for students. The education and all work are carried out around the subject of the student.
"People-oriented" is the core of the scientific concept of development. Colleges and universities adhere to the "people-oriented" scientific development concept, which is based on students and teachers, especially student-oriented, and ultimately embodied in the implementation of the party's educational policy. The builders and descendants of the socialist cause with all-round development of intelligence, beauty and beauty, and the training of high-quality talents that meet the needs of economic and social development are the essential features of higher education in China. To this end, we must proceed from China's national conditions, in the school, to educate people as the fundamental, so that all work in the school is carried out with students as the main body, and the effect of educating people as the sole criterion for measuring the success or failure of school work. In planning the development of the school, we aim to improve the quality of education and teaching and cultivate high-quality talents. At present, we must unswervingly implement the school-guided thinking and development ideas established by the school, strive to achieve the school's development strategy and specific goals, and fully implement the school's personnel training, discipline construction, scientific research, talent engineering, and logistics support services. The tasks of party building and ideological and political work form a comprehensive system for cultivating high-quality talents, so that the work of educating people always maintains a high standard of operation.
In management, we must reflect management with service and reflect the correct management orientation through warm and thoughtful service. The comprehensive department and management personnel of the school must establish a sense of service, overcome the concept of management, and constantly explore measures and methods to improve work style, improve service system, strengthen service functions, and improve service quality under the new situation, and wholeheartedly cultivate high We offer quality services to our talents.
Deepening teaching reform and realizing the teaching method of teacher-student interaction The classroom teaching of American and Canadian universities mainly adopts methods of guiding inspiration, problem discussion and classroom interaction. First, focus on the cultivation of students' ability to express and communicate. When the teacher lectures, students are encouraged to ask questions, organize students to discuss and communicate, and students can ask questions and communicate with teachers at any time in the classroom. They put forward the teaching philosophy that “teachers are not omnipotent and students are not stupid”. The second is to pay attention to the cultivation of students' practical ability and practical ability. Each course requires students to complete a topic independently. This kind of subject requires students to submit an experimental project according to the content of the course. After approval, they can read the book materials or conduct experimental demonstrations by themselves, through their own thinking and hands-on.
Classroom teaching is the main channel for colleges and universities to educate college students. How does the effect not only affect students' mastery of knowledge, but also directly affects the cultivation of students' abilities. On the basis of changing ideas and ideas, we should change the practice of teacher-centered and teacher-to-student instilling knowledge in the past, and pay attention to the cultivation of innovation consciousness. Students should be the main body, let students take the initiative to participate in the teaching process, try to use heuristic, discussion, and seminar-based teaching methods to inspire students to use their brains to discover problems and explore solutions to problems, so that they are good at independent thinking and development. Innovation.
Strengthen the practice teaching link. In order to enable students to truly master the theoretical knowledge they have learned and to use them flexibly in analyzing and solving problems, it is necessary to increase the proportion of practical teaching in the curriculum system. At the same time, explore the establishment of a long-term mechanism for college students' social practice, incorporate social practice into the teaching plan, and put forward specific requirements on the time, content and standards for college students to participate in social practice. Further improve the construction of off-campus practice bases and social practice bases in our school, and give full play to the role of these bases in practical teaching. Use "three to the countryside" and other forms to organize students to go deep into the society, carry out practice, strengthen communication with the people, so that students can understand the reality more deeply, enhance social responsibility, and cultivate practical ability to solve problems.
Carrying out campus cultural activities and building a strong cultural atmosphere American universities pay great attention to carrying out a variety of campus activities, creating a good environment for students to improve their comprehensive quality and ability. Professors and scholars inside and outside the school, a large number of lectures and symposiums for university students, covering science, culture, culture, politics, economy, psychology, health, literature, art, etc. In this strong academic atmosphere, Students can expand their knowledge and stimulate interest and creativity in seeking knowledge. Some colleges with art colleges or art departments basically perform high-level cultural programs on the whole school every week, so that students can infect the art and actively think. In the stadium of the University of the Fraser Valley, there are prizes and trophies for the large-scale sports competitions held by the school, and photos of the honored student athletes are hung. They believe that the training and competition of the sports team can cultivate the team spirit and solidarity of the students. Each school has a variety of student group organizations that are officially registered. By organizing activities inside and outside the school, the students of each student group have trained their talents and developed their abilities, and on the other hand, they are constantly providing other students. The opportunity to communicate and learn from each other in the atmosphere of entertainment is conducive to the improvement of physical and mental health and comprehensive quality.
Our school should continue to create a good campus culture environment. Focusing on improving students' comprehensive quality and carrying out series of activities, such as lively art performances, sports competitions, colorful entertainment games, image design, multi-knowledge speech debates, high-level academic reports, high practical value Life skills show and more. In particular, we have organized our school's “Top Ten Top 100” series competitions, basic skills competitions, English festivals, computer festivals and other traditional activities to form an education brand. The school pays attention to guidance and supports all kinds of extracurricular activities in various aspects, so that students can be influenced by subtle influences in the rich and innovative campus culture, broaden their horizons and open up their knowledge; Participate in and organize collective activities to grow up, improve individuality and enhance team awareness; in the strong cultural atmosphere, it is subtly tempered, spiritual life is enriched, and moral realm is sublimated.
Strengthening the construction of the campus environment, striving to achieve harmony between the campus and nature. The universities in the United States and Canada attach great importance to strengthening the construction of the campus environment. Many schools are covered with trees and flowers and plants; small animals such as squirrels and pigeons play in the grass of the campus, and they are not afraid of pedestrians; The interior is neat and tidy, better than the park. In particular, Royal Road University of Canada, the ancient trees on the campus towering, forests into pieces, peacocks on the campus roads, grass leisurely walk, pedestrians and cars consciously give way to the peacock. It fully reflects the high harmony between man and nature, campus and nature, and between man and animal.
In the construction of a harmonious campus, our school should pay attention to the construction of the campus environment. First, we must have an environmental awareness. We must take the campus environment construction as one of the important projects for running a school, and incorporate it into the overall planning of the school development and construction, instead of As an auxiliary project for running a school, it is impossible to improve the efficiency of running a school by harming the environment. Second, pay attention to the construction of campus landscape, fully follow the objective laws of nature, especially to do a good job of greening and beautifying, leaving sufficient space to plant flowers and trees, so that the mountains, water, forests and roads of the campus can be used, aesthetic functions, education. The harmonious integration of functions, using the beautiful campus landscape to stimulate college students' love of nature, love the feelings of the school, and cultivate students' awareness of caring for nature and caring for the environment. Trees, buildings and facilities that reflect the development history of the school should be consciously preserved and protected to increase the historical accumulation of the school. The third is to educate teachers and students to raise awareness of the campus environment, never littering, spitting, not damaging public property, protecting the basic ethical behaviors such as flowers and trees, developing good civilized habits, building people and nature, and schools. A harmonious relationship with the environment.
Adhere to open education, take the road of international cooperation and run a school. The policy of international exchange and the implementation of international cooperation in running schools is very correct. On the one hand, the internationalization of higher education is an inevitable trend of world development. Economic globalization requires a large number of talents to adapt to it. This kind of talent can only be cultivated through international higher education. Strengthening international cooperation in running schools is to improve the quality of education. To cultivate the needs of complex senior talents that meet the requirements of economic globalization, and to strengthen the necessity of strong international cooperation in running schools. On the other hand, during the visit, we deeply felt that higher education institutions in developed countries have a high degree of enthusiasm for running schools in cooperation with higher education institutions in China, and we very much hope to have the opportunity to cooperate with us in various forms. This is true of higher education in Canada, as well as in higher education in the United States. There is a strong possibility and reality in strengthening international cooperation in running schools. In this regard, we must keep a clear head, correctly analyze the situation, weigh the pros and cons, and help to cultivate high-quality talents, help to safeguard the fundamental interests of the school, and help alleviate the economic burden of students and their families. Make decisions, select the most favorable partners, and adopt the most favorable cooperation methods to achieve the most favorable cooperation results. The focus should be on strengthening cooperation with foreign universities at the same level as our university or slightly below the level of our school, because the asking price of such schools is generally not very high, and it is easier to make concessions in the choice of certain interests, which is convenient for both sides. Complementary, win-win and win. For famous universities in developed countries, the price paid by us is relatively high. We can hire our teachers to come to our school as a foreign teacher or to teach in the form of cooperation to enhance the reputation of our school. The cooperation project can take the form of cooperation between our university and developed international universities. It can also take the form of cooperation between other universities in the United Nations and foreign universities to reduce costs and improve efficiency. In short, we should proceed from reality and use a variety of methods to maximize the effectiveness of international cooperation in running schools.
From June 29 to July 14, 2005, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the school, Mr. Yan Silen led the party office director Gan Jianqing, organization minister Jiang Shaohua, propaganda minister Ma Ke, united front minister Li Hengjin, union vice chairman and director of the women's committee Xu Yanwen, logistics department general branch Secretary Zhang Wuhua, Secretary of the Party Branch of the School of Finance and Finance, Wang Jianhui, Party Secretary of the School of Statistics and Mathematics, Wang Jianxiang, Vice President of the Party Branch of Yanshan College, Chen Changsen, and Deputy Director of the Office of Foreign Exchange and Cooperation, Wang Lijuan, 11 people, to the United States, Canada Some universities in the country conducted inspection visits. Through active and sincere work and enthusiastic and extensive consultations, the relevant cooperation and exchange projects have made new progress on the basis of the original, reached an agreement with foreign universities, signed a cooperation agreement and a letter of intent for cooperation, and the investigation was a complete success.
I. Basic Situation In order to avoid the US Independence Day and the Canadian National Day study visit, the US-Canada-US route was adopted.
Overview and Investigation of American Higher Education
1. Overview of American higher education. The United States belongs to the developed countries. Higher education is very popular, and the level is also in the forefront of the world. There are more than 3,300 universities, including more than 1,700 public institutions and more than 1,600 private institutions. It has world-renowned institutions of higher learning such as Harvard University, Stanford University, Yale University, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Regardless of whether it is a public or private school, its founding must be licensed by the state government, and the school's constitution must be approved by the government.
In the management system of higher education, it is a type of decentralization, that is, the Ministry of Education is only responsible for macroeconomic regulation and control, and each state manages educational affairs on its own. There is no unified model for the higher education management systems of the states.
Higher education in the United States is divided into two types: two-year colleges, four-year universities, graduate schools, and some universities and research centers. There are corresponding credit standards at all levels of higher education. No matter which level of degree you want to get, you must complete the required courses related to the credit standards and take the prescribed exams. Credits between universities are mutually recognized.
Two-year colleges: There are more than 1,200 colleges, mostly technical colleges and community colleges. Two courses are offered, one is a vocational-related skills training course; the other is a transfer course to learn some knowledge related to the humanities and the natural sciences. After completing the two courses and earning credits, you can obtain a certificate or an associate degree. And can transfer to a four-year university to pursue a bachelor's degree.
Four-year university: There are more than 2,000 universities, mainly liberal arts colleges, independent professional colleges and comprehensive universities, representing the highest level of scientific research and teaching in the United States. Students can earn a bachelor's degree after 4 years of study, and some institutions offer graduate programs, grant master's degrees, and accept foreign students for degrees.
Graduate School: It takes 1-2 years to study for a master's degree and 2-3 years to study for a doctoral degree. The graduate school in the United States not only recruits domestic students, but also recruits a large number of foreign students.
2. Investigations on American higher education. The delegation arrived in Washington on June 29 at 22:00 local time. The next morning, I visited Georgetown University. Mr. Deanna, the director of the University's Language Education and Training Center, and Ms. Bennett, the deputy director, hosted us and enthusiastically introduced the functions of the university's language training center and the ongoing training programs. Deputy Secretary Qi Silun introduced the basic situation of our school and expressed the desire to cooperate and exchange with the school. The two sides held consultations on cooperation training teachers, management personnel and students. Founded in 1789, Georgetown University is the most comprehensive and comprehensive private university in Washington, DC, located in the heart of Washington, DC. The school is ranked 23rd in more than 3,000 universities across the United States, with Harvard University, Stanford University, etc. Together they are recognized as the best universities in the United States. Former US President Bill Clinton, South African Archbishop Tutu, German Foreign Minister Fisher, and Philippine President Arroyo are all famous alumni of the school. The school has a strong faculty, and many famous professors and experts from around the world teach at this school. Former US Secretary of State Obrickett was a professor at the school. The school consists of nine colleges and a career development center, including George Cheng College, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Foreign Affairs College, International College, Law School, and McDonnell Business School. The school's graduates currently occupy an important position in all areas of the world.
The delegation returned to the United States from Canada and arrived at San Jose State University on July 8 at 9:40 local time. Located in California's world-famous “Shibuya”, the University of San Jose is the first higher education public institution in the West Coast of the United States. It has a high-quality education standard and enjoys a high reputation in science, engineering, and business. The most popular top ten The Department of Computer Science, Information Management, Computer Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Art and Design, Management, Marketing, Accounting, and Child-Inspired Psychology. Shi Dejun, director of the International Leadership Training Center of the International Department of the University, and Wang Wei, the chief consultant of the China Project, received the delegation. Shi Dejun introduced the general situation of the school and the teaching, training and related hardware by means of oral presentation and computer screen display. Facility conditions. Founded in 1857, the University of San Jose is the earliest public higher education institution in the western United States. It has 69 bachelor's degree programs, 65 master's degree programs, more than 30,000 students, and eight professional colleges. That is to say, the College of Science and Technology, the College of Education, the College of Humanities and Arts, the Academy of Social Sciences, the School of Business, the School of Engineering, the Academy of Sciences, and the School of Social Work. The school's International Leadership Training Center is mainly engaged in the training of high-level management personnel from various countries. It has organized a number of senior management talent training for Hunan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Tibet, Shandong Jinan and other provinces and cities. Qingdao University has Twenty-nine people participated in the three-month training conducted by the school.
During the United States, the delegation also visited Stanford University, Hawaii State University and other schools, visited the school's campus and some teaching facilities, and learned about the development of these schools, school characteristics and school-running modes, and broadened their horizons.
Overview and survey of higher education in Canada
1. Overview of Canadian higher education. There is no federal education department or similar institution in Canada. In addition to private founders, higher education institutions are provincial universities. The provincial education departments form a coordination organization, the Council of Ministers of Education, which is responsible for communicating and coordinating the education work of the provinces. Under the authority of the federal government, it undertakes the exchange of education with other countries. Canada does not have a national unified education policy and rules and regulations. The provinces are not identical in terms of academic system, curriculum, examinations, etc. The highest authority of the university administrative system is the school board, and the highest authority in the academic field is the school council. Canada's higher education ranks among the top in the world. There are more than 200 colleges and universities, which can be divided into three types: universities, community colleges, specialized technical schools or private schools. In terms of nature, it can be divided into public and private. The funds of public schools are all provided by the provinces. In addition to relying on tuition fees and private donations, private schools also pay for the insufficiency.
University: There are more than 90 universities in the country, some of which are also called colleges. They usually refer to higher education institutions that have the right to grant degrees. All of them are provincial-owned, mainly in Ontario and Quebec, and more than 70 of them can be awarded to various majors. Bachelor of Science. There are more than a dozen universities that do not have degree conferring rights, but can entrust a university with which they are associated to award a degree. The university basically implements the credit system and maintains a high standard of national unity.
Community College: Also known as the School of Arts and Technology, it is a two- to three-year university. There are more than 200 universities in the country. They only offer diplomas and do not offer degrees. The community colleges also provide 1-3 years of vocational training courses, which are convenient for students. Transfer to another university to continue studying.
Specialized technical schools or private schools: mainly engaged in traditional vocational and specialized technical training courses.
2. Investigations on Canadian higher education. On July 3, I visited the University of Toronto, Canada, visited the school campus and some teaching facilities, and learned about the professional settings and development of these schools. On July 5, at 12:30 local time, the delegation arrived in Victoria, Canada to inspect Royal Road University. The principal of the school led the responsible person of the relevant department to accompany the delegation for lunch. In the afternoon, the two sides held talks and consultations on teachers, student training and other projects. Deputy Secretary Qi Silun signed a cooperation agreement with Royal Road University on behalf of our school. In the evening, Royal Road University held a grand dinner to host the delegation. The principal of the school and the heads of publicity, student management and other relevant departments attended the dinner.
On July 6, the delegation arrived in Vancouver by boat and visited the University of Fraser Valley at 4:40 pm local time. The university is a public university approved by the state of Canada. It was established in 1974 and has more than 7,000 students and more than 200 foreign students. Dr. Wei Weishi, the vice president of the university, led the director of the computer information system department of the school, Fan Paul, Sun Wenrui, dean of the School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Fine Arts, and Shi Dingshen, director of the International Education Department, and other leaders of the relevant departments and the delegation had a sincere and enthusiastic meeting. Wei Weishi The principal briefed the situation of the school and said that he had visited the Shandong Institute of Economics. After returning to inform the interview, the various departments of the school expressed great interest in the cooperation with Shan Jing. He hoped to work with Shan Jing in teachers. Student training and other areas of comprehensive cooperation. Deputy Secretary Qi Silun introduced the guiding ideology of running a school and the idea of implementing an open school. It specifically mentioned the implementation of the “313” talent project in the school, emphasizing the grafting with foreign universities, creating opportunities for students to receive international education, and comprehensively improving education. Human quality. In a sincere and friendly atmosphere, Deputy Secretary Qi Silun signed a letter of intent for cooperation with the University of Fraser Valley on behalf of our school. Later, the delegation visited the school's teaching facilities, gymnasium, and international education department office. The office places were decorated with Chinese handicrafts, Qing Dynasty costumes, paintings and paintings collected from different channels, reflecting the school's love for Chinese culture.
Second, the main harvest delegation in 14 days, transferred to the United States, Canada and the two countries, visited and visited seven universities, signed two contracts, enhanced exchanges with foreign universities, broadened their horizons.
Two contracts were signed.
1. Signed a cooperation agreement with Royal Roads University of Canada. It mainly includes four parts: university degree program, master's degree program, study tour, cultural and academic exchange project. University degree program: The two universities jointly established the 2+2 cooperation mode university department project. The students studied in Shanjing for the first two years and completed the university study at Royal Road University in the next two years. Majors include the use of communication, business management, hotel management, leadership and management science. Shan Jing will send 20-60 students to Royal Road University in 2006. Master's degree program: The two schools jointly established a 4+2 master's degree cooperation model, that is, the student's university department study was completed in Shanjing, and then studied at Royal Road University for two years to obtain a master's degree. Major majors include cross-cultural communication, leadership and training, environment and management, and knowledge management. Study Tour: Shan Jing selected management personnel and teachers, went to Royal Road University to participate in advanced education management training, English guidance, and visit related universities. Cultural and academic exchanges: The two universities jointly seek academic research and information exchange research cooperation.
2. Signed a letter of intent for cooperation with the University of Fraser Valley, Canada. The two sides actively cooperated with training managers, teachers and students, and explored forms of cooperation in academic exchanges.
Strengthened exchanges with foreign universities and expanded channels for open education. Through the inspections, visits and visits of the seven universities in the United States and Canada, the mutual understanding between the two sides has been enhanced, and the school's educational thoughts, school-running characteristics and academic advantages have been publicized, and the international influence of our school has been expanded. It has reached the goal of understanding cooperation and running schools, exploring the mode of cooperation in running schools, exploring the space for cooperation in running schools, and laying the foundation for cooperation in running schools. During the visit, we deeply felt that some universities in the United States and Canada are also actively seeking international partners, expressing strong desire for the cooperation of our school, especially the University of Fraser Valley in Canada, although the two sides are currently comprehensive. The timing of the cooperation is not yet mature, but the University of Fraser Valley is willing to engage in active contact with our school to deepen mutual understanding and ultimately achieve full cooperation. Georgetown University said in the negotiations that it is willing to modify the training program being implemented according to our actual needs, or to develop a new training program for us, showing a sincere desire for cooperation. Although there are a certain gap between the two parties, there are not many contracts signed for this visit. However, through this visit, the door for exchanges and cooperation with more universities has been opened. With the mutual exchanges and exchanges in the future, the two sides will further deepen communication and understanding. We will surely find the best combination of cooperation and form a variety of cooperation in different fields and different ways.
Broaden your horizons and grow your knowledge. During the visits of the United States and Canada, everyone saw the prosperous cities, high-quality life and clean environment of these countries, and heard the voices of Chinese people living in exotic countries, "the motherland is strong, and our overseas Chinese are straight." To make everyone more deeply understand the incomparable correctness of Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s "development is the last word" and more profoundly understand the incomparable correctness of the party's basic line. It is precisely by adhering to economic construction as the center, persisting in reform and opening up, and China’s comprehensive national strength has been greatly improved, which has greatly narrowed the gap with developed countries. We must uphold the party's basic line unwaveringly, constantly improve the level of productivity development, constantly improve the people's living standards, and constantly improve the ideological and moral standards of the entire nation. This is the only way for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
At the same time, we also see that there are also dark sides in the prosperous scene: some urban neighborhoods are everywhere, no one is cleaning; tramps are often visible, lying on the public green space to rest; on the streets of New York City, standing squatting; Some public servants and a few people have stereotypes about the Chinese. This shows that the Western world is not everything, and there are also backward aspects in the economy. This has given us a deeper understanding of the United States, reduced self-esteem and increased national self-esteem and self-confidence.
Through interviews, I saw the gap and enhanced my sense of responsibility in doing my job. After visiting and inspecting some famous schools in the United States and Canada, we deeply felt that our schools are deeply impressed by the profound cultural heritage, rich historical accumulation, rich cultural atmosphere, beautiful campus environment and advanced teaching facilities. The gap has spurred the implementation of the spirit of the Second Party Congress and the spirit of the Fifth Teachers' Congress, and strived to achieve the strategic goal of school development and build our school into a high-level financial and economic university.
III. Enlightenment and Thinking Adhering to People-oriented and Taking Education as the Fundamental Task of the School “People-oriented” is an important concept of higher education management in the United States and Canada. It highlights the quality of students in running schools and pays attention to individualized education for students. The education and all work are carried out around the subject of the student.
"People-oriented" is the core of the scientific concept of development. Colleges and universities adhere to the "people-oriented" scientific development concept, which is based on students and teachers, especially student-oriented, and ultimately embodied in the implementation of the party's educational policy. The builders and descendants of the socialist cause with all-round development of intelligence, beauty and beauty, and the training of high-quality talents that meet the needs of economic and social development are the essential features of higher education in China. To this end, we must proceed from China's national conditions, in the school, to educate people as the fundamental, so that all work in the school is carried out with students as the main body, and the effect of educating people as the sole criterion for measuring the success or failure of school work. In planning the development of the school, we aim to improve the quality of education and teaching and cultivate high-quality talents. At present, we must unswervingly implement the school-guided thinking and development ideas established by the school, strive to achieve the school's development strategy and specific goals, and fully implement the school's personnel training, discipline construction, scientific research, talent engineering, and logistics support services. The tasks of party building and ideological and political work form a comprehensive system for cultivating high-quality talents, so that the work of educating people always maintains a high standard of operation.
In management, we must reflect management with service and reflect the correct management orientation through warm and thoughtful service. The comprehensive department and management personnel of the school must establish a sense of service, overcome the concept of management, and constantly explore measures and methods to improve work style, improve service system, strengthen service functions, and improve service quality under the new situation, and wholeheartedly cultivate high We offer quality services to our talents.
Deepening teaching reform and realizing the teaching method of teacher-student interaction The classroom teaching of American and Canadian universities mainly adopts methods of guiding inspiration, problem discussion and classroom interaction. First, focus on the cultivation of students' ability to express and communicate. When the teacher lectures, students are encouraged to ask questions, organize students to discuss and communicate, and students can ask questions and communicate with teachers at any time in the classroom. They put forward the teaching philosophy that “teachers are not omnipotent and students are not stupid”. The second is to pay attention to the cultivation of students' practical ability and practical ability. Each course requires students to complete a topic independently. This kind of subject requires students to submit an experimental project according to the content of the course. After approval, they can read the book materials or conduct experimental demonstrations by themselves, through their own thinking and hands-on.
Classroom teaching is the main channel for colleges and universities to educate college students. How does the effect not only affect students' mastery of knowledge, but also directly affects the cultivation of students' abilities. On the basis of changing ideas and ideas, we should change the practice of teacher-centered and teacher-to-student instilling knowledge in the past, and pay attention to the cultivation of innovation consciousness. Students should be the main body, let students take the initiative to participate in the teaching process, try to use heuristic, discussion, and seminar-based teaching methods to inspire students to use their brains to discover problems and explore solutions to problems, so that they are good at independent thinking and development. Innovation.
Strengthen the practice teaching link. In order to enable students to truly master the theoretical knowledge they have learned and to use them flexibly in analyzing and solving problems, it is necessary to increase the proportion of practical teaching in the curriculum system. At the same time, explore the establishment of a long-term mechanism for college students' social practice, incorporate social practice into the teaching plan, and put forward specific requirements on the time, content and standards for college students to participate in social practice. Further improve the construction of off-campus practice bases and social practice bases in our school, and give full play to the role of these bases in practical teaching. Use "three to the countryside" and other forms to organize students to go deep into the society, carry out practice, strengthen communication with the people, so that students can understand the reality more deeply, enhance social responsibility, and cultivate practical ability to solve problems.
Carrying out campus cultural activities and building a strong cultural atmosphere American universities pay great attention to carrying out a variety of campus activities, creating a good environment for students to improve their comprehensive quality and ability. Professors and scholars inside and outside the school, a large number of lectures and symposiums for university students, covering science, culture, culture, politics, economy, psychology, health, literature, art, etc. In this strong academic atmosphere, Students can expand their knowledge and stimulate interest and creativity in seeking knowledge. Some colleges with art colleges or art departments basically perform high-level cultural programs on the whole school every week, so that students can infect the art and actively think. In the stadium of the University of the Fraser Valley, there are prizes and trophies for the large-scale sports competitions held by the school, and photos of the honored student athletes are hung. They believe that the training and competition of the sports team can cultivate the team spirit and solidarity of the students. Each school has a variety of student group organizations that are officially registered. By organizing activities inside and outside the school, the students of each student group have trained their talents and developed their abilities, and on the other hand, they are constantly providing other students. The opportunity to communicate and learn from each other in the atmosphere of entertainment is conducive to the improvement of physical and mental health and comprehensive quality.
Our school should continue to create a good campus culture environment. Focusing on improving students' comprehensive quality and carrying out series of activities, such as lively art performances, sports competitions, colorful entertainment games, image design, multi-knowledge speech debates, high-level academic reports, high practical value Life skills show and more. In particular, we have organized our school's “Top Ten Top 100” series competitions, basic skills competitions, English festivals, computer festivals and other traditional activities to form an education brand. The school pays attention to guidance and supports all kinds of extracurricular activities in various aspects, so that students can be influenced by subtle influences in the rich and innovative campus culture, broaden their horizons and open up their knowledge; Participate in and organize collective activities to grow up, improve individuality and enhance team awareness; in the strong cultural atmosphere, it is subtly tempered, spiritual life is enriched, and moral realm is sublimated.
Strengthening the construction of the campus environment, striving to achieve harmony between the campus and nature. The universities in the United States and Canada attach great importance to strengthening the construction of the campus environment. Many schools are covered with trees and flowers and plants; small animals such as squirrels and pigeons play in the grass of the campus, and they are not afraid of pedestrians; The interior is neat and tidy, better than the park. In particular, Royal Road University of Canada, the ancient trees on the campus towering, forests into pieces, peacocks on the campus roads, grass leisurely walk, pedestrians and cars consciously give way to the peacock. It fully reflects the high harmony between man and nature, campus and nature, and between man and animal.
In the construction of a harmonious campus, our school should pay attention to the construction of the campus environment. First, we must have an environmental awareness. We must take the campus environment construction as one of the important projects for running a school, and incorporate it into the overall planning of the school development and construction, instead of As an auxiliary project for running a school, it is impossible to improve the efficiency of running a school by harming the environment. Second, pay attention to the construction of campus landscape, fully follow the objective laws of nature, especially to do a good job of greening and beautifying, leaving sufficient space to plant flowers and trees, so that the mountains, water, forests and roads of the campus can be used, aesthetic functions, education. The harmonious integration of functions, using the beautiful campus landscape to stimulate college students' love of nature, love the feelings of the school, and cultivate students' awareness of caring for nature and caring for the environment. Trees, buildings and facilities that reflect the development history of the school should be consciously preserved and protected to increase the historical accumulation of the school. The third is to educate teachers and students to raise awareness of the campus environment, never littering, spitting, not damaging public property, protecting the basic ethical behaviors such as flowers and trees, developing good civilized habits, building people and nature, and schools. A harmonious relationship with the environment.
Adhere to open education, take the road of international cooperation and run a school. The policy of international exchange and the implementation of international cooperation in running schools is very correct. On the one hand, the internationalization of higher education is an inevitable trend of world development. Economic globalization requires a large number of talents to adapt to it. This kind of talent can only be cultivated through international higher education. Strengthening international cooperation in running schools is to improve the quality of education. To cultivate the needs of complex senior talents that meet the requirements of economic globalization, and to strengthen the necessity of strong international cooperation in running schools. On the other hand, during the visit, we deeply felt that higher education institutions in developed countries have a high degree of enthusiasm for running schools in cooperation with higher education institutions in China, and we very much hope to have the opportunity to cooperate with us in various forms. This is true of higher education in Canada, as well as in higher education in the United States. There is a strong possibility and reality in strengthening international cooperation in running schools. In this regard, we must keep a clear head, correctly analyze the situation, weigh the pros and cons, and help to cultivate high-quality talents, help to safeguard the fundamental interests of the school, and help alleviate the economic burden of students and their families. Make decisions, select the most favorable partners, and adopt the most favorable cooperation methods to achieve the most favorable cooperation results. The focus should be on strengthening cooperation with foreign universities at the same level as our university or slightly below the level of our school, because the asking price of such schools is generally not very high, and it is easier to make concessions in the choice of certain interests, which is convenient for both sides. Complementary, win-win and win. For famous universities in developed countries, the price paid by us is relatively high. We can hire our teachers to come to our school as a foreign teacher or to teach in the form of cooperation to enhance the reputation of our school. The cooperation project can take the form of cooperation between our university and developed international universities. It can also take the form of cooperation between other universities in the United Nations and foreign universities to reduce costs and improve efficiency. In short, we should proceed from reality and use a variety of methods to maximize the effectiveness of international cooperation in running schools.
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